西班牙咖啡论文的参考文献

超临界流体脱除咖啡中咖啡因的参考文献有从咖啡中去除咖啡因，重油除钒。根据查询相关资料信息超临界流体萃取技术的发展概况、基本原理及工艺，并介绍了几个应用实例，如从咖啡中去除咖啡因，重油除钒等。

咖啡的起源咖啡树和咖啡食用的起源地公认在非洲，其具体地区说法不一，但多数人认为在东非的文明古国埃塞俄比亚。关于咖啡起源的时间则莫衷一是。 在咖啡的发现、起源和利用史上，有一个神奇的故事非常流行，我以为也较为符合实情。很久很久以前，埃塞俄比亚西南部咖法(Keffa)地区的牧羊少年卡尔迪(Kaldi)一次赶羊经过一片树林时，他的山羊群啃食路边大型灌木丛上的红果子。①卡尔迪无意中发现，山羊吃了红果子后异常兴奋，即使是老山羊也像小山羊一样奔跑跳跃。牧羊少年觉得奇怪，便也摘下一些果实品尝。结果自己也变得非常兴奋、精神，不由得手舞足蹈起来。咖啡(果可食用并能提神)就这样被人发现了。②人们把这种果子就叫成当地的地名“咖法”(keffa)，以后经过长期地传递和演变就成了今天的“咖啡”(coffee)。咖啡被发现后人们最初只是采摘野生的果子食用，③后来才慢慢开始人工栽培。在食用方式上，最初是连肉带核(即咖啡种子—咖啡豆)一起嚼食，后来进步为把咖啡果泡水或煮水喝。④在用途上，最初主要用于宗教界的宗教活动和医生治病及病人恢复。埃塞俄比亚—红海一带基督教、犹太教都有，后来还有伊斯兰教。各种宗教的教士、修士、教徒嚼了咖啡果或喝了咖啡水后，在彻夜进行的宗教法事活动时便很有精神不打瞌睡。病人们嚼了它或喝了它也能恢复一些精神。 咖啡的食用、采摘渐渐跨过非常狭窄的红海传入阿拉伯半岛。《中国大百科全书·农业卷·咖啡条》和《中国农业百科全书·农作物卷·咖啡条》说公元前6世纪阿拉伯人已开始栽种咀嚼食用咖啡，但它们没有例证和文献出处，不大可信。而且，从社会发展史角度审视，公元前6世纪阿拉伯半岛上的阿拉伯人(假如当时已有“阿拉伯人”的话)还处于原始社会的野蛮时代。如果那时他们已有了农耕种植，那也只可能种植椰枣、麦子、瓜菜等粮食、蔬菜、多用途作物，而不可能栽培药用类、嗜好类、消闲类作物咖啡。因为当时的生产力水平只允许他们种植那些作物，以保证自己少挨饿，生存下去。新版《美国百科全书·咖啡条》认为，公元后6世纪阿拉伯人开始栽种食用(咀嚼)咖啡。⑤有的学者还把栽培利用咖啡的时代地点精确到公元575年在也门开始栽种。⑥我认为公元后6世纪开始栽培咖啡相对较为可信。由此推断，埃塞俄比亚人发现利用咖啡当在此前好长一段时期，或者在此前两三个世纪，即约公元3世纪。公元9—10世纪的阿拉伯医学家拉吉斯(Rhazes，865—932)在文献中首次明确提到了咖啡，即记载下有人将干咖啡果研碎后用水煎服当药喝First, coffee origin Coffee-tree and coffee edible origin recognition in Africa, itsconcrete local view not one, but the most people think in EastAfrica's ancient nation Ethiopia. Time origins which about the coffeethen unable to agree. In in the coffee discovery, the origin and the use history, somemysterious story is extremely popular, I thought also conforms to thetruth. Before very long very long time, the Ethiopian north west 咖law (Keffa) the area tends sheep young Cull to enlighten (Kaldi) timeto catch up with when the sheep passes through woods, his mountainflock of sheep gnaws on the food roadside large-scale shrubbery thered fruit. (1) Cull enlightens accidentally discovered that, after thegoat ate the red fruit exceptionally to be excited, even if were theold goat also likes the small goat equally to run jumps. Tends sheepthe youth to think strangely, then also takes off some fruits totaste. Result also change extremely excitedly, the spirit, cannot helpbut dances with joy. The coffee (fruit might edible and can stimulate)on is discovered like this by the person. (2) The people are calledthe locality the geographic name this kind of fruit "咖 the law"(keffa), later passes through for a long time the transmission and theevolution has become today "the coffee" (coffee). The coffee wasdiscovered the posterity only are at first pick the wild fruit edible,(3) afterwards only then slowly started artificially to cultivate. Inthe edible way, is at first Lian Roudai the nucleus (namely coffeeseed - coffee bean) chews the food together, afterwards progressed forsoaks in water the coffee fruit or 煮水 drinks. (4) In the use,mainly uses in at first religious circles' religious activities anddoctor treats an illness and the patient restores. Area the Ethiopian- red sea Christianity, the Judaism all have, afterwards also had theIslamism. After each kind of religious priest, the member of areligious order, the believer has chewed the coffee fruit or has drunkthe coffee water, in carries on all night when religious Buddhistceremony activity then very much has the spirit not to hit patients have chewed it or drink it also to be able to restoresome spirits. The coffee edible, picks gradually bridged over extremely narrow redsea to spread to the Arabian Peninsula. "Chinese Big EncyclopediaAgriculture Volume Coffee Strip" and "Chinese Agriculture EncyclopediaCrops Volume Coffee Strip" said the . 6 centuries Arabs startedto plant chew the edible coffee, but they do not have the illustrationand the literature source, is not greatly credible. Moreover,carefully examined from the social development history angle, 6 centuries Arabian Peninsula Arabs (at that time if had "Arab"speech) also is in primitive society the barbarism. If at that timethey had the agriculture to plough the planter, that also onlypossibly plants 椰枣, grain, the vegetables, the multipurpose cropsand so on wheat, melon vegetable, but is impossible to cultivate kind,the hobby class for medicinal purposes, whiles away the time the kindof crops coffee. Because then productive forces level only allowedthem to plant these crops, guaranteed oneself little starved, thesurvival got down. New edition "American Encyclopedia Coffee Strip"believed that, . the latter 6 centuries Arab starts to plant edible(chews) the coffee. (5) Some scholars also precisely start thecultivation using the coffee time place until the . 575 years inYemen to plant. (6) I thought the . latter 6 centuries startrelatively to cultivate the coffee to be credible. From this theinference, the Ethiopian discovered using the coffee works as inbefore this good long section of times, or in before this 23centuries, namely approximately . 3 centuries. . 9 - 10centuries Arabic medical scientists pull lucky Si (Rhazes, 865 - 932)explicitly mentioned for the first time in the literature the coffee,after namely under the record some people will do the coffee fruit togrind the water used to fry the clothing when the medicine will drink 三、咖啡在全世界的传播和咖啡馆文化欧洲人和其他国家的人接触到咖啡饮料后，有的人便很快喜欢上了。商人和资产者更垂涎于咖啡带来的效益和利润。但是在地理大发现时代(15世纪末—17世纪末)，欧洲或其他任何帝国对奥斯曼土耳其还不具有军事优势(须知土耳其甚至在1529年和1683年两次大举围攻维也纳)。还无法采取军事暴力手段来获取咖啡苗(诸如击败土军，占领某地，抢走当地的咖啡树和咖啡果)。面对土耳其的严厉控制政策，既不能合法进口，又无力武装抢夺；于是人们只好设法去“偷”，从而演绎出咖啡外传的诸多有趣故事。1616年，荷兰人从也门摩卡港躲过土耳其严格检查，偷运出一株咖啡树苗。②他们驾船走葡萄牙人开辟的新航路经阿拉伯海、印度洋、大西洋、英吉利海峡绕道回国。但欧洲的气候水土不适合热带亚热带植物咖啡树的生长，荷兰人只好把它作为实验树栽培在暖房里。1656年荷兰人侵入锡兰(斯里兰卡)。1658年荷兰人就在锡兰岛上进行咖啡树苗的大田种植并获成功。③1603年荷兰人在印尼爪哇岛上建立起第一个商站一殖民据点，1619年荷兰人侵占雅加达，并把它改名为巴达维亚。1696年荷兰人从印度西南部沿海的马拉巴尔(Malabar)地区运进咖啡树苗和种子把它们栽种在印尼爪哇巴达维亚的种植园。经过一点波折后终获成功，并很快获益赢利。④ 不过印度西南部的咖啡林却不是荷兰人或其他西欧人传去的，而是由当地的一位叫巴巴·布丹(Baba Budan)的人于17世纪30年代传入的。作为一个虔诚的穆斯林，巴巴·布丹去过伊教的圣城麦加朝圣。返回时他把七粒能发芽的咖啡豆(种子)紧贴在肚皮上，躲过了土耳其人的检查，成功地“偷”回了他在印度西南部的家乡。从此，咖啡开始在南亚生根栽培了。⑤ 综上可知，东非埃塞俄比亚人民发现了咖啡，阿拉伯人民栽培了咖啡，中国人民促进了咖啡从神饮药饮转变为大众饮料，土耳其人民发明了咖啡最正宗最科学的饮用法，南亚人民也参与了传播咖啡。可见，咖啡能成为世界三大饮料之一，非、亚、欧洲人民都为之做出了贡献。不过，对咖啡最钟爱，把咖啡馆(文化)发展得最繁荣，把咖啡传播得最远的是欧洲人民。 1615年威尼斯商人把进口的咖啡豆运回威尼斯开设咖啡馆经营。[3](P11)这大概是欧洲的第一家咖啡馆。不过，咖啡馆老板使用的是进口的土耳其咖啡而非在意大利种出来的咖啡。1650年，英国牛津出现英国的首家咖啡馆，1652年，伦敦出现咖啡馆。[4](n78-179)1643年，巴黎开设了首家咖啡馆，1650年，马赛也开设了咖啡馆……。[4](P161)1684年，维也纳出现首家咖啡馆。[4](P52)到17世纪末18世纪初，咖啡馆在欧洲特别是西欧各大中小城市已雨后春笋般出现，迅速普及。从此欧洲(包括后来的北美)的社会生活和风俗习惯中多了喝咖啡这项内容，街头多了咖啡馆这道风景线。人们在咖啡馆里休闲，聊天，看简易的文艺表演，谈生意，议论国是，吃零食，谈情说爱，咖啡馆成了与中国茶馆媲美的一种西式休闲场所。一些文人、作家、艺术家在泡咖啡馆时构思了自己的作品；一些政客在咖啡馆里活动，一些罪犯在咖啡馆里策划犯罪，一些青楼女子也在咖啡馆里拉客……咖啡馆成了欧美人民的重要社交场所。Third, coffee in world dissemination and cafe culture After the European and other national people contact the coffeedrink, some people then very quickly liked. The merchant and theproperty drool the benefit and the profit which brings to the in the geography big discovery time (15 century's ends - 17century's ends), Europe or other any empires did not have the militarysuperiority to the Osman Turkey (notice Turkey even and in 1683 two ona large scale besieges Vienna in 1529). Also is unable to adopt themilitary violence method to gain the coffee seedling (such as todefeat 土军, seizes some place, snatches locality coffee-tree andcoffee fruit). Facing Turkey's severe control policy, both cannotlegitimately import, and incapably arms robs; Thereupon the peoplehave to try "to steal", thus deducts the coffee unauthorized biographymany interesting stories. In 1616, the Dutch hid Turkey from theYemenese 摩卡port strictly to inspect, smuggle a coffee seedling.(2) They harness the ship to walk the Portugese opening new routeafter the Arabic sea, Indian Ocean, Atlantic, the English Channeldetour to return to homeland. But Europe's climate water and soil doesnot suit the tropics subtropics plant coffee-tree the growth, theDutch has to take it the experimental tree cultivation in thegreenhouse. In 1656 the Dutch invaded Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka). In 1658the Dutch on carried on the coffee seedling on the Sri Lankan islandthe big field planter and attains successfully. (3) In 1603 the Dutchestablished the first business on the Indonesian Java island to standas soon as colonizes the foothold, in 1619 the Dutch invaded Jakarta,and changed name it as 巴达维亚. In 1696 the Dutch (Malabar) thearea transported the coffee seedling and the seed from Indian northwest coast Malabar plants them in the Indonesian Java 巴达维亚plantation. The end attains successfully after twists and turns, andvery quickly obtains benefits the profit. (4) But the Indian north west coffee forest actually is not the Dutch orother westerners passes on, but is calls anxiously the bhutan (BabaBudan) by local the person spreads to the 17th century 30's. As areverent Muslim religion, anxiously the bhutan goes to holy city Meccawhich Iraq teaches to go on a pilgrimage. Returns when he the coffeebean which can germinate seven grains (seed) tightly pastes on thebelly, has hidden Turk's inspection, the successful place "stole" hasreturned to him in the Indian north west hometown. From this time on,the coffee started in the South Asia to take root to cultivate. (5) In the synthesis may know, the East Africa Ethiopia people haddiscovered the coffee, the Arabic people cultivated the coffee, theChinese people promoted the coffee to drink the medicine from the godto drink transform into the populace drink, the Turkish peoplescientifically invent the coffee most orthodox school to drink theusage, the South Asia people also participated in the disseminationcoffee. Obviously, the coffee can become world one of three big drink,non-, Asian, the European people have all made the contribution forit. But, to the coffee most cherish, (culture) develops the cafeprosperously, disseminates far the coffee is the European people. In 1615 the Venetian merchant shipped back the import coffee beanVenice to open the cafe management. [ 3 ] (P11) this probably isEurope's first cafe. But, cafe boss uses is the import Turkish coffeebut non- the coffee which plants in Italy comes out. In 1650, theEnglish Oxford appeared English the first cafe, in 1652, Londonappeared the cafe. [ 4 ] (n78-179) in 1643, Paris has opened the firstcafe, in 1650, Marseilles has also opened the cafe... ... . [ 4 ](P161) in 1684, Vienna appeared the first cafe. [ 4 ] (P52) to 17century's ends the beginning of 18th century, the cafe in Europespecially was the Western Europe each major and medium small cityalready mushroom growth appearance, rapid popularization. From this time on Europe (including afterwards North America) in thesocial life and the manners and customs were many has drunk coffeethis content, the street corner many cafes this scenery line. Thepeople in the cafe the leisure, chat, looked the simple theatricalperformance, discusses business, discussed the country is, eats thebetween-meal snack, talks love, the cafe has become one kind ofwestern-style leisure place which compares favorably with with theChinese teahouse. Some writers, the writer, the artist when soaked thecafe has formed in one's mind own work; Some politicians move in thecafe, some criminals plan the crime in the cafe, some brothel femalesalso draw in customers in the cafe... ... The cafe has become theEuropean and American people's important public relations place. According to 16th century Arabic literature "Coffee Origin" records,in 13 centuries the leaf has a Muslim 阿訇 Austria Masurium you(Sheikh Omar) to convict, 摩卡(Mocha) exiles from Yemen to Ou the way, he saw is eating on the roadside tree's red fruit to abird in merrily the calligraphy stroke, then also tried to pick some煮水 has drunk. The small fruit has one kind of marvelous flavor,after drank has been sleepy wearily, eliminates immediately. AustriaMasurium you thereupon drink the coffee fruit the usage instruction togive some big at the beginning of sickness the person. After AustriaMasurium will send into exile the expiration to return in future摩卡then and drinks the coffee fruit the usage to disseminate. (1)Austria Masurium you discovered the coffee the fable is extremelypopular in the Arabic area, I think this fable Yu Shizhuo severalpoints: First, Austria Masurium you are possibly the public figurewhich independent rediscovers the edible wild coffee. He possiblydiscovered the different wild species as soon as to plant 培种.Already verified, the coffee had the different wild species anddevelops in this foundation plants 培种, if 小果 - the Arabiccoffee (Coffea arabica), center the fruit - went against the basketgirl coffee (C. canephora), big fruit - Liberia coffee (C. 1iberica);[ 1 ] (P258-259) two, Austria Masurium you possibly are the Arabicarea most early attempt one of planter coffee public figures; Third,Austria Masurium you are promote the coffee edible and one ofcultivation public figures. We knew, when Arabic area middle ages the agriculture quite is alsodeveloped, massively plants the multipurpose crops 椰枣 and othercrops. The Arab in knows the coffee to be possible edible to drinkafter and has the marvelous effect not to carry on the manualcultivation then with difficulty to persuade by reasoning. Therefore Iextrapolated, 6 since the probably centuries have been thenfragmentary in the Yemenese area, occasionally watch, the researchcultivation coffee, you the time namely develop from Austria Masuriumfrom the l3 century for the big field cultivate. In 1454, Yemen'sMuslim dynasty officially proclaimed the command allows to drink withand plants the coffee. (2) This indicated the coffee the planteredible before this had the quite long section of times, and hasachieved the certain scale. From this time on, the coffee and drank inthe length and breadth Arabic area widely planter with 古代非洲埃塞俄比亚人发现了咖啡，中世纪阿拉伯人栽培了咖啡。中世纪晚期，中国人促进了咖啡从神饮药饮转变为大众休闲饮料，土耳其人发明了咖啡正宗科学的饮用法，印度人参与了传播咖啡。在地理大发现时代(15世纪末至17世纪末)，欧洲人把咖啡传遍全世界；此后又将咖啡馆文化发展得最繁荣。所以非、亚、欧人民都为咖啡发展为今日世界的三大饮料之一做出了贡献。晚清咖啡传入我国，民国在华已站稳脚跟。改革开放以来咖啡饮用开始在中国流行，并在逐步形成自己的咖啡文化。Ancient times the African Ethiopians had discovered the coffee, themiddle ages Arab has cultivated the coffee. The middle ages laterperiod, the Chinese promoted the coffee to drink the medicine from thegod to drink transforms into the populace leisure drink, the Turkinvents the coffee orthodox school science to drink the usage, theIndian participated in the dissemination coffee. In the geography bigdiscovery time (15 century's ends to 17 century's ends), the Europeanspread over the coffee the world; Hereafter develops the cafe cultureprosperously. Therefore non-, Asian, the European people all have madethe contribution for the coffee development for today world one ofthree big drink. The late clear coffee spreads to our country,Republic of China stands firm in Hua Yi. Since the reform and openpolicy the coffee has drunk with starts to be popular in China, andgradually is forming own coffee culture.

咖啡的起源

最普遍且为大众所乐道的是:

传说有一位牧羊人，在牧羊的时候，偶然发现他的羊手舞足蹈，仔细一看，原来羊是吃了一种红色的果子才导致举止滑稽怪异。他试着采了一些这种红果子回去熬煮，没想到满室芳香，熬成的汁液喝下以后更是精神振奋，神清气爽。

咖啡的传说

其中之一是根据罗马一位语言学家罗士德。奈洛伊(1613-1707)的记载：大约公元六世纪时，有位阿拉伯牧羊人卡尔代某日赶羊到伊索比亚草原放牧时，看到每只山羊都显得无比兴奋，雀跃不已，他觉得很奇怪，后来经过细心观察发现，这些羊群是吃了某种红色果实才会兴奋不已，卡尔好奇地尝了一些，发觉这些果实常香甜美味，食后自己也觉得精神非常爽快，从此他就时常赶着羊群一同去吃这种美味果实。

扩展资料

咖啡是用经过烘焙的咖啡豆制作出来的饮料，与可可、茶同为流行于世界的主要饮品。

咖啡树是属茜草科常乔木，日常饮用的咖啡是用咖啡豆配合各种不同的烹煮器具制作出来的，而咖啡豆就是指咖啡树果实里面的果仁，再用适当的方法烘焙而成，一杯标准的咖啡品尝起来的味道不应该是苦涩的，一名合格的咖啡师在制作咖啡时会严谨地进行每一步操作，最后为客人呈上的咖啡在味觉上会呈现出不同程度的甜度、酸度、醇厚度或是干净度。

参考资料

咖啡_百度百科

世界上第一株咖啡树是在非洲之角发现的。当地土著部落经常把咖啡的果实磨碎，再把它与动物脂肪掺在一起揉捏，做成许多球状的丸子。这些土著部落的人将这些咖啡丸子当成珍贵的食物，专供那些即将出征的战士享用。

咖啡原产地埃塞俄比亚西南部的咖法省高原地区，据说是一千多年前一位牧羊人发现羊吃了一种植物后，变得非常兴奋活泼，因此发现了咖啡。也有说法是由于一场野火，烧毁了一片咖啡林，烧烤咖啡的香味引起了周围居民的注意。

人们最初咀嚼这种植物果实以提神，后来烘烤磨碎掺入面粉做成面包，作为勇士的食物，以提高作战的勇气。不过这些传说故事都缺乏历史文件佐证，只出现于后世的旅游传记中，因此无从考证咖啡起源的真正原因。

咖啡是用经过烘焙的咖啡豆制作出来的饮料，与可可、茶同为流行于世界的主要饮品。

咖啡树是属茜草科常绿小乔木，日常饮用的咖啡是用咖啡豆配合各种不同的烹煮器具制作出来的，而咖啡豆就是指咖啡树果实里面的果仁，再用适当的方法烘焙而成，一杯标准的咖啡品尝起来的味道不应该是苦涩的，一名合格的咖啡师在制作咖啡时会严谨地进行每一步操作，最后为客人呈上的咖啡在味觉上会呈现出不同程度的甜度、酸度、醇厚度或是干净度。

参考资料：百度百科-咖啡

Coffee legends Coffee said that the origins can be traced back to millions of years before plants, in fact, it was the real 1990s can not be traced. Ethiopia highlands coffee is only a legend Mingjiaokedi Kaldi the shepherd, When he realized that he apparently inadvertently eat the fruit of a plant, have become very lively and vibrant appearance. Since then found a coffee. The traditional world coffee consumption It sticks to the basic region of the Middle East drinking, They will be baked beans depth to almost toxicity (Dark Roast), usually ground into very fine powder. Then again boiled several times into a small cup of sugar that is a strong, suffer with sweet, and there precipitation coffee. People can say the calm and polite manner that Qingchuo a small cup of coffee. Coffee trees Origin coffee from Ethiopia. Coffee is the national Botany Rubiaceae cotyledon is the only evergreen plants, The height of up to 10 meters, and the growing because of artificial After pruning, it is only two to four meters high. Coffee Knot probably in three to four years, after which production will be reduced 20 to 25 years. However, some coffee trees more than 100 years life expectancy is still bearing fruit. Coffee tree branches growing antagonism, horizontal or drooping branches grow their leaves were born in the short track on the branch. The two main types, arabica (Arabica Coffee) robusta (Coffee Wisnumurti). Arabica leaves about 15 cm. Robusta longer the leaves, ovate or condyloma was soft, light green color. Coffee can accompany himself spent many happy days. Restoring the morning immediately after drinking a cup of the day, when light swallow one refreshing, more leisure Lane, a cup of coffee, eat a few pieces of cake. Poly small and chatting with a friend. Coffee enriched our lives and shorten the distance between you and me. . meal, vesicles cup of coffee, reading a newspaper or lovers, friends and families together to share a warm and comfortable Fun coffee time is a blessing. We are fascinated by the park's air, light, sound, time to forget where immersion in the same group with their own people, Perhaps to continue a person, but we all have a tacit understanding. The men, woman, cheerful and melancholy, the group, isolated from alone, smoking, drinking strong coffee. or simply do not drink coffee. We find the feel of each other, with their minds focused on the eyes or Essential find, even if you Looking at the window, ... I did not see what you see, I know that you and I are different, and all the people, realists will come to the café, but is not here, nor will it have come to close. put on the table before taking their own chairs. Coffee and heart You are in a good mood or a bad mood when I wanted a cup of coffee? The answer is different for each person, but when they drink coffee beverage is a good mood, but in good mood, I would like to see both blue skies and gentle sun when the sun drying out coffee howiinol delicious taste. When it's in a bad mood you should go bar monotony. Lane reclining Jazz Café, the thrilling opera. French chanson, or the gentle romantic piano music you will hear most often. Of course, the quality and the owner of the café. And the closest you can chat with friends or Sanwuzhiji together, to explore their interest in the topic. With the depth, you will find the calm mood gradually, and even some touching, all the reasons are very simple : With Hing. When you feel good mood today to a cup of coffee at the bar, you will find a coffee best. Coffee into China According to historical records, in 1884 in Taiwan's first coffee growing success, thus opening a coffee in the development of the event. The first coffee plantations began in the mainland, Yunnan, in the 1920s, a French missionary to the first batch of coffee seedlings to Binchuan County in Yunnan. But in the past hundred years ago, the vast coffee plantations in China were only "bits and pieces." However, in recent years, China's consumption of coffee plantations and the development of more and more world attention. Max, Nestle, the Colombian coffee and other international companies have set up branches or factories in China. better varieties for the Chinese market, the price of better products. As part of the Western lifestyle, coffee has officially entered the Chinese family and life. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other big cities in the coffee shop along with the mushrooming growth in coffee culture there, young people become new consumption trend, with the city of Phnom Penh and habits.

“咖啡”一词源自希腊语“Kaweh”，意思是“力量与热情”。在世界各地，人们越来越爱喝咖啡。随之而来的“咖啡文化”充满生活的每个时刻。无论在家里、还是在办公室、或是各种社交场合，人们都在品着咖啡、它逐渐与时尚、现代生活联系在一起。

咖啡树原产于非洲埃塞俄比亚西南部的高原地区。据说一千多年以前一位牧羊人发现羊吃了一种植物后，变得非常兴奋活泼，进而发现了咖啡。还有说法称是因野火偶然烧毁了一片咖啡林，烧烤咖啡的香味引起周围居民注意。

当地土著人经常把咖啡树的果实磨碎，再把它与动物脂肪掺在一起揉捏，做成许多球状的丸子。这些土著部落的人将这些咖啡丸子当成珍贵的食物，专供那些即将出征的战士享用。直到11世纪左右，人们才开始用水煮咖啡做为饮料。

13世纪时，埃塞俄比亚军队入侵也门，将咖啡带到了阿拉伯世界。因为伊斯兰教义禁止教徒饮酒，有的宗教界人士认为这种饮料刺激神经，违反教义，曾一度禁止并关闭咖啡店，但埃及苏丹认为咖啡不违反教义，因而解禁，咖啡饮料迅速在阿拉伯地区流行开来。咖啡Coffee这个词，就是来源于阿拉伯语Qahwa，意思是“植物饮料”，后来传到土耳其，成为欧洲语言中这个词的来源。咖啡种植，制作的方法也被阿拉伯人不断地改进而逐渐完善。

饮用禁忌

1、切记咖啡不宜与茶同时饮用。茶和咖啡中的鞣酸可使铁的吸收减少75%；

2、茶叶和咖啡中的单宁酸，会让钙吸收降低。所以，喝茶和喝咖啡的时间，最好是选在两餐当中；

3、含咖啡因的饮料和食品，被孕妇大量饮用后，会出现恶心、呕吐、头痛、心跳加快等症状。咖啡因还会通过胎盘进入胎儿体内，影响胎儿发育；

4、不少医生认为,孕妇每天喝1~2杯(每杯6~8盎司)咖啡、茶或碳酸类饮料,不会对胎儿造成影响。但为慎重起见,孕妇最好禁用。咖啡因可导致流产率上升,所以应喝不含咖啡因的饮料；

5、儿童不宜喝咖啡。咖啡因可以兴奋儿童中枢神经系统,干扰儿童的记忆,造成儿童多动症；

6、浓茶、咖啡、含碳酸盐的饮料也是形成消化道溃疡病的危险因子；所以患有胃部疾患者，不宜多饮咖啡；

7、咖啡的饮品中包含有咖啡因，因此极易引起耳鸣；

8、咖啡不可以与布洛芬同吃。解热、镇痛和消炎的常用药布洛芬对胃黏膜有刺激作用，而咖啡、可乐中有的咖啡因也会刺激胃黏膜，促进胃酸分泌。如果服用布洛芬后立即喝咖啡、可乐，会加剧对胃黏膜的刺激。

9、喝完咖啡不宜立即抽烟，咖啡里边的某些成分和香烟相结合产生致癌物质。

参考资料：百度百科-咖啡