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Conduct and actions a kind of finance create new form, the property stock certificate turns since the 70's in last century produced in the United States, development quick, not only American essential margin method, also sweep global financial biggest advantage that the property stock certificate turn is to communicate a direct margin with indirect margin, carried out whole reputation toward the conversion of property reputation, become a kind of reputation system of exactly because the property stock certificate turns the innovation of root and caused original law system as to it's adjust of lack, inquiried into a related law problem to also lift to ascend special purpose carries body as the core that the property stock certificate turns the whole process with each participate corpus related allied make it have special in the property stock certificate turn the law on the law to special purpose's carrying a body to turn the special position in the process and function in the stock certificate, so have a necessity to establish it a problem to carry on a study, concretely include the law organized form moderate breezes insurance that the special purpose carries a body to insulate a special purpose carries the law organized form of body to is divided in to trust a type, company type and the limited partnership type be three kinds of forms and they are each beneficial 's insulating the design of mechanism is the core that the stock certificate turns to trade structure, but the special purpose carry a body to is exactly this kind of risk insulation the outcome of risk insulates a mechanism from true sale, bankrupt to insulate two steps to the property stock certificate of world turn the market development the process, it is American and Japanese to Be two economic big countries and its development experience is worth draw lessons with our country letter loan property the stock certificate turn a formal start of make experiements the project, domestic already research the focus turn viability assessment argument from the first property stock certificate, the stage quickly transfers to establish with operation mode of actual usage stage of study from the law angle of view, the our country carries on a property stock certificate to turn in operation exist many law obstacles, the thesis puts a research point in establishing a special purpose to carry the law organized form problem that the body our country stock certificate turned to make experiements a previous a pedestal a related management way and turn to the stock certificate of openned an exhibition to provide law basis, but it with our country the conflict reality of of the law existence, should take into to this up a specialized property stock certificate to turn a method for the sake of the cost suggestion of the decrease lawmaking for establish a special purpose to carry a body to carry on rules and , the thesis is for the law problem that the property transfer, trust a law problem that the special purpose carries body issue a stock certificate and established a company a type a special purpose to carry the law problem of body three aspects to put forward lawmaking to suggest.

自英国央行作出独立的在1997年，进行货币政策一直比较不具争议性。辩论之间的keyneisans ， monetarists的支持者和固定汇率机制，现在看来非常遥远。尽管明显的共识，有许多相关的问题进行货币政策尚未解决，并会尽快来前列。是当前的形式，独立为英国央行是否恰当呢？应中央银行的目标通货膨胀或价格水平呢？请问1 ，中央银行处理的资产价格通缩？应更多地考虑采取的货币总量？应中央银行的目标资产价格呢？是什么之间的关系，货币供应量和资产价格上涨？应如何确保中央银行的金融稳定？国际能源机构是在前列，改变参数的辩论围绕货币政策在七十年代和八十年代。这段文字，汇集了一些主要的作者在该领域，包括现任总督英伦银行，以讨论当前的问题在货币政策和之间的关系，货币政策和金融市场。它是适当的本科生和研究生在经济和金融以及为练习者在金融市场。参考

1.管理：governance、management、administration 2.鼓励、促使：cheer、encourage、motivate、prompt 3.脆弱：vulnerable、weak、feeble、fragile(脆的，易碎的)、susceptible(易受影响的=subject to) 4.考虑到：given, considering, in view of, with a view to 5.抓住：grasp、capture、seize(区别：size尺寸) 6.主张：claim(区别：acclaim欢呼、称赞)、proclaim、remark、advocate、allegation、comment、review(评论), argue, hold, assume 7.智力：wisdom、intelligence、wit 8.部分：component、portion、element、proportion、percentage, section 9.直觉的，本能的：intuitive, instinctive 10.提升：lift、elevate, promote 11.承认：admit、acknowledge, recognize 12.永恒：eternal、permanent、everlasting 13.谋生：earn one’s living、make one’s living、live off 14.值得尊敬：worthy、respectable(区别：respective分别) 15.遵守：comply with、conform to, observe, abide by 16.探测：detect、investigation, probe, explore 17.获得：gain、acquire、achieve、fetch、obtain 18.高估：overestimate、overrate、overvalue (区别：overlook忽视) 19.培养：nurture(区别：nature自然)、foster、cultivate 20.怀疑：skeptical、suspicious, doubtful 21.奇怪：weird、odd、peculiar、strange, queer 22.模糊：dim、vague、obscure、loom, indistinct, fuzzy 23.收入：salary、pay、wage、income、revenue、gain、earning 24.津贴：subsidy、pension、allowance、grant(拨款) 25.高贵：noble、royal(区别：loyal忠诚), dignity, privilege 26.谦卑：humble， modest 27.告示：announcement、notice、poster、bulletin、report 28.想象： visualize , imagine, suppose, envision, 29.会议：conference、meeting、convention 30.引用：cite、illustrate(举例说明=exemplify)、quote 31.挑出：single out、sort out、pick out 32.限制：limit、restrict、constrict、discipline、confine、hold back、scale back、curb on 33.利用：usable、available、applicable → utilize、adopt、take、employ、apply 35.偏见：bias、prejudice、discrimination、inequality 36.组成：consist of、be made from/of、include (exclude)、constitute、 37.发行：issue、release、distribute、launch 38.结束：fulfill、finish、accomplish、carry out、achieve、complete 39.能力：ability、capability、potential, power 40.交易：deal、trade、exchange、transaction 41.以前：previous、former、latter、prior to(priority优先 → primary初级的、重要的 → primitive原始的) 42.加强：promote、facilitate、enhance、strengthen、reinforce, aggravate 43.前景：prospect、future、expectation、outlook 44.保守：conservative(conservation保存)、traditional、custom，激进：radical 45.顾客：customer、client、consumer、guest 46.暂停、延期：suspend、phase back、put off、stop、postpone、delayed 47.信息：information、message、data、figure、statistics 48.公司：enterprise、firm、company、corporation(区别：cooperation合作) 49.故意：deliberately、intentionally、purposely、on/in purpose 50.吸引：appeal (吸引、呼吁、起诉appeal to)、attract、fascinate、tempt(区别：contempt蔑视)， absorb 51.有希望的：promising、hopeful、brightening 52.对手：rival、equal、comparative、competitor、opponent、adversary, enemy 53.灭亡：perish、die (out)、extinguish(distinguish区别) 54.消失：disappear、vanish、diminish(减少)、gone 55.方法：ways、means、approach、solution、remedy(补救措施)、measure 56.财产：estate、real estate(房地产)、property、asset 57.放弃：abandon、give up、desert(区别：dessert甜点) 58.悲观：pessimistic，negative, 乐观：optimistic，active, positive 59.地区：regions、scope、range、sphere 60.拒绝：reject、refuse、turn down、decline 61.保留：preserve、reserve, retain, persist 62.公平：fairness、impartial, justice, equality 63.同伴：partner、companion, peer, colleague 64.保护：protect、guard、safeguard、defend(defendant辩护，被告)、shield(区别：yield产出，屈服) 65.生产：yield、manufacturer、generate, produce 早检测论文查重系统我祝大家顺利通过~~~

1.新旧会计准则体系下无形资产确认和计量的比较及会计处理 new old accountants under the criterion system the intangible asset confirmed and the measurement comparison and accountant process 2. 内容摘要：随着世界经济一体化进程的不断推进，企业会计制度也必须同国际接轨，为了适应我国经济发展的实际需要，财政部重新修订了《企业会计准则》，并于2007年1月1日起正式实施，其中无形资产变化较大，为了正确理解和进行会计处理，对无形资产的确认和计量方面的变化进行对比尤为必要。该准则充分体现了与国际会计准则的趋同，对于完善我国企业会计核算体系，提高会计信息质量和加速中国经济同国际化发展具有重要意义，《企业会计准则》第六号无形资产，是在原准则基础上进行了再一次修订，无形资产准则变动较大，通过新旧会计准则的对比，提示无形资产在确认和计量方面的变化，便于正确理解和操作无形资产会计处理。本文通过无形资产的确认和初始计量方面的变化和无形资产后续计量方面的变化两个角度比较新旧准则下无形资产的变化，对新准则下的无形资产的会计处理进行了研究，最后表明了本人对新无形资产会计准则的评价，在新准则的积极影响和不足之处两个方面提出了自己的建解，旨在深入学习准则，准确掌握会计处理方法。 contents abstracts: Along with the world economics integrationadvancement unceasing advancement, the enterprise accounting systemalso must with international connect rails, in order to meet the ourcountry economy development actual need, Ministry of Finance rehasrevised "Enterprise Accountant Criterion", and gets up the officialimplementation to January 1, 2007, intangible asset change bigger, inorder to correctly understood and carries on accountant to process,carries on the contrast to the intangible asset confirmation and themeasurement aspect change especially to be essential. This criterionfully manifested with international accountant criterion hasteningwith, regarding has consummated our country enterprise accountingsystem, improved the accounting information quality and acceleratesthe Chinese economy to have the vital significance with theinternationalization development, "Enterprise Accountant Criterion"the sixth intangible asset, was carries on in the original criterionfoundation has revised once again, the intangible asset criterionchange was bigger, through new old accountant the criterion contrast,prompted the intangible asset in the confirmation and the measurementaspect change, was advantageous for the correct understanding andoperation intangible asset accountant processes. This article throughintangible asset confirmation and initial measurement aspect changeand under intangible asset following measurement aspect change twoangles quite new old criterion intangible asset change, processed tounder new criterion intangible asset accountant has conducted theresearch, finally had indicated myself to new intangible assetaccountant the criterion appraisal, positively affected in the newcriterion with the deficiency two aspects proposed own constructed thesolution, was for the purpose of thoroughly studying the criterion,accurately grasped accountant the processing method. 3.无形资产 Intangible asset 确认计量 Confirmation measurement 会计准则比较 Accountant criterion comparison 会计处理 Accountant processes

标题：Comparison and Accounting Operation of the Confirmation and Measurement of Intangible Asset under the New and Former Accounting StandardsKey words: Intangible Asset (.) Confirmation and Measurement确认计量Comparison of Accounting Standards会计准则比较accounting operation会计处理 Abstract: Along with the continuously progress of the Glob-integration in the world economy, our accounting system for business enterprises should also be geared to international norms. To fit the development of China’s economy, The Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (ASBEs) has been revised by the Ministry of Finance and formally put into practice since January 1, 2007 , with some remarkable changes in respect of the Intangible Asset (.). In order to properly understand and perform accounting operation, it is particularly important to compare the changes in terms of the confirmation and measurement of .. The ASBEs fully exhibit our unanimous accounting system with the international accounting principle, thus having significant meaning for perfecting our accounting system of business enterprises, improving quality of accounting information and speeding up the internationalization of China’s economy. The further revised Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises --Intangible Asset shows a remarkable change in the intangible asset. In the paper, contrasts are made from two angles: the one is the changes in the confirmation and original measurement of ,; the other is the change in the subsequent measurement of ., as compared the new ASBEs with the former Standards about the changes of intangible asset. Also a study is conducted on the accounting operation under the new ASBEs , while an evaluation on the new edition is finally presented, including the author’s opinions on both of the positive effects and the shortages of the new ASBEs, aiming at deeply studying and properly holding the accounting method.

我按照topic而不是不按照citation选择，因为一些高引用率的比较老，或者说太经典了，已经被简化为教科书了。首先是方法的文章，学好方法，用起来放心。然后是factor方面的文章。然后是market efficiency，好多asset pricing的reading list都会涉及，但是也有很多不会讨论，其实没啥问题，感觉只是一个对市场的理解。value and momentum，liquidity，asymmetry和主要的anomaly都是比较重要的，一般的业界量化也会用。最后就是fund方面的文章，我觉得和其他的factor，anomaly文章有一些区别。anomaly方面文章来源自之前课上的reading list（asset pricing. empirical asset pricing, empirical finance），fund方面来源自正在上的课的syllabus（theory of asset pricing。因为老师是做hedge fund的，所以要读一些重要的fund文章。）。另外还有一些是之前自己看过的，觉得不错所以一直记得。