医学论文答辩英文范文大全

去PubMed检索，列表后面有fulltext提示，部分新发布的论文免费提供全文。旧刊全文收费不便宜，一篇几美金到20多美金不等。

你可以去创新医学网上看看，而且还有翻译服务。

医学毕业论文答辩

各位老师，上午好!

我叫魏巧莲，是2006级**班的学生，我的论文题目是《中药提取液絮凝流体动力学的研究》。论文是在康勇导师的悉心指点下完成的，在这里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对三年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。

下面我将本论文设计的研究意义和主要内容向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。

首先，我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的意义。

絮凝法用于中药液的澄清处理具有良好的发展前景，可以减少工序、极大缩短生产周期，节约原料降低成本，并且可以有效保留多糖等类的有效成分;且制剂不吸潮、稳定性好。而乐仁堂的养阴清肺糖浆生产工艺中的关键步骤即在其提取液的澄清工艺上，原工艺采用的醇沉法不但生产周期长(低醇型与无醇型产品的澄清周期占整个生产周期的1/2强)、耗费大量的能源、操作复杂而且有效成分损失严重，已无法满足日益扩大的国内与国际的市场需求。本课题主要是以养阴清肺糖浆为处理对象，用烧杯絮凝实验法对其水提液和醇提脱醇液的絮凝澄清过程进行絮凝剂的筛选和絮凝工艺条件的确定，以达到缩短养阴清肺糖浆的生产周期，从而降低其生产成本的目的，并根据实验过程中观测到的絮凝现象探求中药液的絮凝机理，促进絮凝理论的发展。另外，由于水力条件对絮凝过程的优化有着不可忽视的作用，进一步根据实验结果考察分析轴向流和轴径混合流对中药液絮凝效果的影响，同时考察与分析自设计格栅式挡板扰流型式对絮凝效果的影响，为今后中药生产过程现代化的工业化进程提供有益参考资料。

其次，我想谈谈这篇论文的主要内容。

1、采用混凝烧杯实验针对养阴清肺糖浆的水提液和醇提脱醇液分别进行实验，筛选出合适的絮凝剂，并在絮凝剂的最佳用量和最佳药液温度下考察搅拌强度与时间对絮凝效果的影响。

2、从絮体的形态、尺寸及其沉降特性着手，结合絮凝机理，分析水力条件对絮凝过程的影响。

3、考察六直叶圆盘涡轮浆和三斜叶涡轮浆在搅拌过程中产生的径向流和轴径混合流对絮凝效果的影响，并与格栅挡板扰流装置的絮凝效果进行比较与分析，确定能够强化絮凝反应过程的流场形式;最后分析反应器内水流状态对反应器内絮体含量分布的影响，以便研究格栅挡板在絮凝反应中快速混合的程度。

最后，我想谈谈这篇论文存在的不足。

由于客观条件和自身理论知识、研究视野和实际研究水平的有限，在本研究中还存在很多的不足。

答辩前的准备工作：

(一)全力消化自己所写的论文

答辩是学校对硕士论文成绩进行考核、验收的一种形式。研究生要明确目的、端正态度、树立信心，通过硕士论文答辩这一环节，来提高自己的分析能力、概括能力及表达能力。在反复阅读、审查自己硕士论文的基础上，写好供20 分钟用的答辩报告书特别要注意以下几点：1、突出选题的重要性和意义。2、介绍论文的主要观点与结构安排(这部分只说明标题就行，不要论述内容，因老师已经看过你的论文)。3、强调论文的新意与独创性。4、说明做了哪些必要的工作。由于答辩同学太多，现阶段学院还没有开展用PPT，以后，随着规范化，同学们要制作一个图文并茂的简要的提纲，这篇报告书尽量读熟，达到脱稿，照着讲稿或者PPT直接念，效果会比较差。

(二)物质准备

准备参加答辩会所需携带的用品：1.硕士论文的底稿。2.答辩报告书。3.主要参考资料，答辩时虽然不能依赖这些资料，但带上这些资料，当遇到一时记不起来时，稍微翻阅一下有关资料，就可以避免出现答不上来的尴尬和慌乱。4.记录用稿纸。以便把答辩老师所提出的问题和有价值的意见、见解记录下来。通过记录，不仅可以减缓紧张心理，而且还可以更好地吃透老师所提问的要害和实质是什么，同时还可以边记边思考，使思考的过程变得很自然。(以后要准备PPT以备辅助介绍)。 5.着衣冠整洁、庄重，男生穿短袖衬衣，最好打领带，女生穿着尽量职业化些的为好。着衣能给答辩老师一个最直接的印象____你对答辩的重视程度。

(三)调整好心态

要进行答辩，首先就要明确论文答辩想考察研究生什么。硕士教育重在训练科学的思维、如何将科学成果转化为学术文章甚至是创造社会效益。因此，通过论文答辩可以考察到如下：1.论文的真实性。实事求是乃科学研究的基础，论文本身必须真实可靠，弄虚作假难逃答辩委员会专家们的火眼金睛。如果在这方面出现问题，论文势必不能通过专家评审。2.考察相关知识与应用能力。3.考察研究生的综合素质.包括答辩者的表达能力.。成功的演讲是自信和技巧的结合，扎实的专业知识和细致周到的答辩准备工作是成功的前提。使用一些答辩技巧也不可缺少，可以充分展示整理研究材料、展示研究成果的能力，让别人知道自己都做了什么。要想这场战争获胜，就必须对答辩的目的、程序、可能遇到的问题及解决方法进行深入剖析，做到胸有成竹，不要紧张，要以必胜的信心，饱满的热情参加答辩。

一、论文讲述中的常见问题

1、仪表不够得体

上场答辩，要求答辩人仪表不仅要整洁，而且要得体。问题主要是个别女生不够得体，例如过度化妆，浓妆艳抹，不像是参加学术活动，倒像是参加舞会或相亲会。男生装束打扮也可能出差错，例如有男生戴项链出场答辩，显得怪异，不够庄重。

2、仪态不够从容

面对台下众人，尤其是面对众多教师，仪态不够从容，甚至神情慌乱，声音发抖，眼睛不知往何处看，低头不敢看台下，或看窗户外或天花板以躲避，手足无措，站立不正，或不自然扭动或走动。有的笑不像笑，硬挤出来的笑，很不自然，甚至比哭还难看。或者，死死盯住台下某人，令双方都很不自在。或者说话不流畅，犯语病。

3、声音语速问题

个人音质不由自己定，但声音高低由自己定。有的学生声音太高，如同吵架;有的学生声音太小，如同蚊子在叫，连坐在最前排的教师都听不见，遑论坐在后排的人;更有甚者，简直是用鼻子发音，像是在哼哼。语速，则语速偏快说不清楚的多，语速偏慢不连贯的少。

4、时间把握不准

讲述论文时间太短或偏长。短的，只有1分多钟。报过论文题目，然后说分为若干章，第一章是什么，第二章是什么，直到最后一章是什么，接下来便无话可说。长的，则超时，一般是念论文原文。念论文原文，七、八千字的论文，也得半个小时左右，一万五千字左右的论文，得一个小时左右。讲述论文限定时间十分钟之内，时间到了，才念了个开头，主持教师不得不叫停。

5、讲述不流畅

多数学生不能脱稿讲述，而是念稿子，有的念都念不利索。稍微好的，则是背稿子，不是讲论文，而是背课文。最不好的，是念论文。背论文的情况则显特殊。曾有一名学生把7000多字的论文背下来，背诵约26分钟，一字不差，一气呵成，反映该生记忆力奇好而且对论文极其熟悉，但严重超时，因为讲述应该在10分钟以内。

6、其它问题

例如支持手段不足，缺少挂图，甚至连个目录挂图都没有。还有吐字不清，普通话不标准等问题。综合问题，则是一个学生同时出现上述两方面甚至更多方面的问题。例如，一名男生，上台后从头到尾一直埋着头，恨不得钻到讲台之下，念稿子，声音很软很小，哼哼唧唧，好不容易才把论文“哼”了一遍，严重超时。

二、回答提问时的'常见问题。

1、回答问题态度不积极

避重就轻，绕开主要的、复杂的问题，捡非主要的、容易的问题回答，或者，对需要重点详细回答的问题只作粗略回答，对只需要简略回答的非重点问题作冗长的回答。回避问题，对某些问题避而不答，不作任何交代，好像这些问题不曾提过一样。表情或语气显出不耐烦，等等。

2、老问题都回答不好

有时候，多个学生写相同或相近的论文题目，可能被问到相同或相近的问题。有的问题，前面学生答不好或答不上来，按理，后面的同学被问到同样问题，应该比前面的学生答得好，但实际情况有时是，前面同学回答过的问题，后面的人还答不好，令人失望。例如，“策略”的定义是什么，第一个学生回答不了，过一阵第二个学生还回答不了。

3、回答问题数量少

大学生毕业论文答辩，属于本科或专科层次，不同于硕士生或博士生等的毕业论文答辩，问题不会太多，一般每生被提问5个左右问题，回答至少3个问题即可。问题是有的学生只回答2个甚至1个问题，或者只能答好1个问题，数量太少，占问题总数比例太低。

4、答案有缺陷

答案不完整，例如某学生写关于中国—东盟自有贸易区的论文，回答“东盟包括哪些国家?”时，列举目前东盟国家名称与数量，与标准答案相差不多，但毕竟不完整。回答“中国与东盟哪些经济体经济往来最多?”时，缺陷更大。某国际商务专业毕业生撰写的论文题目是党政官员带病提拔问题，不仅文字内容没有向商务领域倾斜或靠拢，回答问题时也对商务领域党政官员带病提拔的问题浑然不知，对商务部高官被捕概不知晓。某学生撰写有关企业家能力的论文，但该生不仅没有在论文中对著名企业家进行列表分析对比，而且连国内最著名的企业家都数不上几个来，连大名鼎鼎的海信集团的负责人是谁都不知道，显然相关知识不足。

5、答案不正确或答不上来

某学生论文一再提到我国沿海发达地区，回答“沿海发达地区如何界定?”时，答案不正确，因为其答案是“沿海地区就是发达地区”。实际上，沿海也有不发达地区。

某学生写地理文化对FDI(外商直接投资)的影响，回答“外商直接投资与间接投资的区别有哪些?”时，无言以对。还有商科专业毕业生不知道WTO的全称是World Trade Organization，更有甚者，连三个单词中的一个都说不出来。

6、答案根本错误

例如写“孙子兵法在市场营销中的应用”，回答问题时答“孙子兵法第36计”云云，把孙子兵法与三十六计混为一谈，违反了起码的常识。论文写兵法，却连孙子兵法与三十六计都分不清，缺乏起码的常识，犯了原则性错误。

还有，写区域经济问题，论文中贯穿着“长江三角洲”的用词，讲述中也一再提到“长三角”、“珠三角”如何如何，但被要求回答“什么是长三角?”这样简单的问题时，却一再说长江流域如何如何，原来该生连长三角与长江流域都分不清，经教师现场提示，仍然不清醒。论文主题词都根本理解错误，而且大错特错。

7、对论文摘要英译不熟悉

400字左右的中文摘要，翻译成英语，篇幅会有所增加，但不会增加太多，作者应当十分熟悉。但实际上，有的作者不熟悉自己论文摘要的英语翻译。例如，中文摘要中出现“金融危机”，摘要英译中也有“financial crisis”，但被问及“金融危机”如何翻译成英语时，却答不上来，只回答说自己英语底子不好。类似还有“central government”、“local government”、“furious market competition”等等，都是出现在论文中，但作者答不上来。这种情况下，翻译工作往往不是作者自己完成的。

8、其它问题

例如，审题不清，答非所问。过度回答，画蛇添足。胡蒙乱撞，信口开河甚至狡辩、强词夺理等。

教师看到论文摘要英译篇幅明显短少，并发现有整句甚至整段没有翻译，属于偷工减料或粗心大意，于是提出疑问，有的学生回答是意译，不肯承认是自己工作不足。

这个简单啊。你可以到PubMed中下载。输入关键词，然后检索即可。

s why more and more people are being active in various kinds of sports and exercises.

If people follow these three ways of keeping fit. Some practice shadowboxing and swordplay while others run. Every morning many people get up early and take much exercise.

First, block the flow of blood, and therefore should be given up, walk or dance to music. This strengthens the heart. They advise people to eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat such as beef and pork because meat contains more fat than poultry and fish.

Medical researchers have proved that what people eat affects their health, it is essential to do the following. Some play basketball or volleyball or table tennis? Different people may give different answers to this question. Unfortunately few people follow this advice. Through sports and exercise, people bee healthier and stronger;s health a great deal. Smoking and drinking alcohol injure one'. Fat can build up in the arteries. That'.

Getting rid of bad habits like *** oking and drinking alcohol is also an important way to keep healthy, reduces the chance of heart attack. Research shows that getting plenty of exercise make the heart beat faster and the lungs work harder. In my opinion, it is absolutely necessary to take some exercise every day, and cause a heart attack or stroke. In the afternoon, others go in for gymnastics or track events,there are also many people keen on sports, and helps lower blood pressureHow to Keep Healthy

Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health. But how to keep healthy, they greatly improve their health, jog

All people in urban and rural areas will enjoy basic medical care and health services by increasing government responsibility and spending, we will also encourage greater participation of private capital from both home and abroad in the reform covers a wide range of subjects including insurance, drug manufacturing, distribution and supervision, and legislation of medical put into place basic medical and health care systems covering both urban and rural residents, and ensure that every resident has access to safe。

The disturbing phenomenon has caused wide social concern. There are several underlying causes behind it. Nowadays, people tend to care more about their health and expect a longer life span, thus causing a boom in medical treatment. People are willing to spend more money on health care. Some hospitals take advantage of this and offer patients more unnecessary physical examinations in order to make more profits. 令人不安的现象引起了广泛的社会关注。

有几个背后的原因。如今，人们更关心他们的健康，期望寿命更长，从而导致了医疗的繁荣。

人们愿意花更多的钱在医疗保健上。一些医院利用这一优势，为患者提供更多不必要的体检，以使更多的利润。

In my view, it's high time that urgent measures should be taken to improve the present situation. First, doctors should live up to patients' expectations and put saving people's lives above anything else. Second, the authorities should shoulder its responsibility to ensure that hospitals provide people with high-quality medical care at a reasonable price. 在我看来，现在应该采取紧急措施来改善目前的形势了。首先，医生应该对病人的期望值，并把人的生命放在其他任何东西上面。

其次，当局应承担起它的责任，确保医院为人民提供高质量的医疗服务，以合理的价格。

The disturbing phenomenon has caused wide social concern. There are several underlying causes behind it. Nowadays, people tend to care more about their health and expect a longer life span, thus causing a boom in medical treatment. People are willing to spend more money on health care. Some hospitals take advantage of this and offer patients more unnecessary physical examinations in order to make more profits.

令人不安的现象引起了广泛的社会关注。有几个背后的原因。如今，人们更关心他们的健康，期望寿命更长，从而导致了医疗的繁荣。人们愿意花更多的钱在医疗保健上。一些医院利用这一优势，为患者提供更多不必要的体检，以使更多的利润。

In my view, it's high time that urgent measures should be taken to improve the present situation. First, doctors should live up to patients' expectations and put saving people's lives above anything else. Second, the authorities should shoulder its responsibility to ensure that hospitals provide people with high-quality medical care at a reasonable price.

在我看来，现在应该采取紧急措施来改善目前的形势了。首先，医生应该对病人的期望值，并把人的生命放在其他任何东西上面。其次，当局应承担起它的责任，确保医院为人民提供高质量的医疗服务，以合理的价格。

Campus Life 有关校园生活的英语作文

Early in senior high school, we longed to be enrolled in a university. Now the dream has e true. But how do we college students like our campus life?

Certainly, some relish it, finding it colorful and rewarding. Besides study, they spend considerable amount of time improving themselves in various aspect. Yet others do not think much of their college life, thus do not benefit as much. In their eyes, the university is just a bigger high school. The only difference is that they have more time at their disposal without parents looking over their shoulder.

As to me, college life is ideal if only I have abundant books to read, some bosom friends to keep me pany, a couple of conscientious professors to instruct me, and an easy access to the Inter.

范文二：

My station in university campus inch territory, breathes and feels a here freshness. The university life like this started. The life four years time already the picture got down certainly has run the line, you along this path endless long journey, the university time will say regarding me will be fresh, the biography first time was far away the hometown, trod studies the road. I to the university life am fuzzy, after investigates many times, everybody is o characters ----- is bored to the university life feeling, perhaps has that a reason! Three years high school life is such intense stimulates. Recollected also a little is afraid, facing high school's intense sprint, diligently was admitted to a school dream of the university, everybody is the like this struggle, assaults the dream. At the present, steps into the university campus, studies the life has had the bored feeling.

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PRODUCTION PLANNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF SURVEYING AND MAPPING PROJECTKEY WORDS: GIS,Design,Analysis,Application,Management,ProductionABSTRACT:With the development of photogrammetry and spatial information sciences, we have found many new methods to solve the technical problem in surveying and mapping project. But there is a little research on the project management. Traditional management method is plex and time-consuming. Now, we need use new technique to improve the management method for enhancing management level. Taking “National Western Surveying and Mapping Project on 1:50000 Topological Maps Blank Area” as an example, this paper focus on production planning management. The project is remarkable, not only the task and extent is tremendous, but also the staff and stuff are excessive. The Blank Area has atrocious weather and extreme hypsography. All of the conditions increase the project management difficulty. For reasonable planning and logical budget, we designed and realized a production planning management system to give the decision support to the managers. This paper studies the system'e69da5e6ba903233363533362s requirement *** ysis, system structure and function in . INTRODUCTIONNowadays, Geographical Information Systems(GIS) are powerful and useful as means of information, visualization and research tools(Quan Bao,2004). Most GIS sofare is more suited to providing limited types of output than as a tool to support, at anything other than a superficial level, tactical or strategic decision-making processes. To improve the usefulness of GIS as a decision support tool, o needs are apparent. First, decision-makers require methods that allow them to easily select alternatives across a number of relevant criteria. Second, it is necessary to explicitly recognize that most decision-making processes involve multiple participants. Since problem solving id often characterized by multiple and conflicting objectives, methods that contribute toward more a pletely aiding decision system are required.。