编写医学论文结果的时态

1、一般现在时：主要用于不受时间限制的客观存在事实的描述，或发生或存在于写论文之时的感觉、状态、关系等的描述或致谢的表述等。值得注意的是，出于尊重，凡是他人已经发表的研究成果作为"previously established knowledge"，在引述时普遍都用一般现在时。2、一般过去时：用于写论文中作者自己所做工作的描述。例如描述自己的材料、方法和结果。3、 一般将来时：用于撰写论文之后发生的动作或存在的状态。例如提出下一步的研究方向。摘要(Abstract)：摘要反映我们自己的研究结果，一般采用过去时。概述(Introduction)：(1)概述中的研究背景通常会引用相关学科中广为接受的原理或事实，以及你所做研究的重要性，这些通常采用现在时。例如：Genomics provides crucial information for rational drug design.(2)在概述中也可能引用与你从事项目相关的一些研究结果，为表达你对该研究结果仍坚信其正确性及相关性，即使已经是很久以前的研究结果，可使用现在时。查看更多英语论文时态的用法可以到上学吧论文查重看看。

论文英文摘要中语态和时态的用法

英文摘要的字数大多数期刊规定不超过250个词，内容应与中文摘要对应。医学论文中，一般少用第一人称和主动语态，多用第三人称和被动语态，用以体现叙述客观事实。所用时态需与事情发生时间一致，叙述基本规律时可用现在时，叙述研究对象、方法和结果时，用过去时。举例如下。

Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine whether an in hospital transportable CT scanner can provide diagnostic brain images and to compare the quality of these images with those from a convertional fixed? platform CT scanner.

Subjects and Methods:Twenty seven patients with known or suspected intracranial pathology underwent imaging on a transportable scanner and a fixed? platform scanner within 1hr of each from each CT examination were evaluated independently by two neuroradiologists who were unaware of patient of intracranial pathology and normal anatomy were rated on a 5? point scale (1 point 'optimal;5 points'poor or not visualized).Statistical comparisons were made using nonparametric tests.

Results:Seven CT scans were interpreted as showing normal findings and 20 scans revealed intracranial pathology on both CT quality was higher on the fixed scanner(average rating' points'SE=)than on the transportable scanner(average rating' points'SE=(p=).Depiction of the cerebellum'midbrain'and supratentorial gray? white matter was better on the fixed scanner(p<'we found no significant differences in detection of intracranial pathology between radiologists found images from both scanners to bediagnostic in all 27 patients.

Conclusion:Images of the brain on the transportable CT scanner were less clear than those on a fixed 'images from the transportable CT scanner were diagnostic in 27 implications of this finding are important for the provision of CT services for critically ill patients who cannot be transported to the radiology department.

上面是AJR(美国放射学杂志)中一段完整的`英文摘要，从中可以看出其特点：

①用词简练、准确;

②时态为过去时;

③不用第一人称，多用被动语态;

④方法和结果中强调统计方法及数据。

对母语非英语的作者来说，撰写英文摘要的质量好坏直接与作者的英文水平有关，在这方面，只有多阅读英文文献，才能提高英文写作水平，从而写出高质量的英文摘要。

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