sci医学论文的经典句式

每一篇实验研究性文章的结果部分，都会有不同的Results，也会有不同的Figures，每一个figure里面又会有不同的picture。本文就将对Result的常用句式进行总结。 首先是英文时态： 结果部分的写作是 SCI论文写作的第一步，单从英文写作的角度讲这部分很容易写，我们要做的只是要去 描述实验结果 ，这一部分只需要一种时态—— 过去时 。 在结果描述的过程中，我们还需要 分段总结 实验结果，使每段内容的含义更好的被理解，这些总结的语句一般用 一般现在时 。 结果部分还需要一些 承上启下的连接语句 ，或者补充 introduction中没讲完全的内容时，其时态需要 单独分析 。 此外，将常用句式主要分为9个部分： 一.做这个result的最初目的，为什么要做这个实验？二.对result中的图表进行描述和解释三.强调某一结果的重要性四.开始讨论一个阳性的结果五.开始讨论一个阴性的结果六.报告阳性or阴性的相互作用七.强调这个发现是一个有趣的、令人惊讶的结果八.过渡语句九.对Result进行分段总结The standard approach to this section of a research article or dissertation is to present and describe the results in a systematic and detailed way.  When reporting qualitative results , the researcher will highlight and comment on the themes that emerge from the analysis. These comments will often be illustrated with excerpts from the raw data. In text based studies, this may comprise quotations from primary sources. 即首先要点明这个这一部分的Result的主题，得到了一个什么样的结论，再用一些原始数据或者引用参考的数据来支持这一结果。 In quantitative studies, the results section is likely to consist of tables and figures , and writers comment on the significant data shown in these . This often takes the form of the location or summary statement, which identifies the table or figure and indicates its content, and a highlighting statement or statements, which point out and describe the relevant or significant data. Result部分里面应该包含图片和表格，文中应该对这一部分的数据进行解释。对每一个图表都应该有其对应的称述或解释，并且文字要有指向性，指向某一个具体的小picture。 All figures and tables should be numbered and given a title . 每个图表都需要编号，并且有一个title。 More elaborate commentary on the results is normally restricted to the Discussion section. In research articles, however, authors may comment extensively on their results as they are presented, and it is not uncommon for the Results section to be combined with the Discussion section under the heading: Results and Discussion.有些文章的result里只是对结果进行描述，但是具体的讨论会放到一个专门的Discussion部分；而有些文章会将Result和Discussion放在一起。这个要具体对待。 接下来是一些常用句式： The first set of questions aimed to … xxx experiment  was performed to identify/demonstrate xxx. To explore the function of xxx, we did compare the difference between … The purpose of Experiment 3 was to … Simple statistical analysis was used to … The next question asked the informants … To assess X, the Y questionnaire was used. Changes in X and Y were compared using … Regression analysis was used to predict the … To distinguish between these two possibilities, … The first set of analyses examined the impact of … The correlation between X and Y was tested using … T-tests were used to analyse the relationship between … The average scores of X and Y were compared in order to … In order to assess Z, repeated-measures ANOVAs were used... Nine items on the questionnaire measured the extent to which … 下面给了一些万能句式：涵盖了不同的主谓宾形式，可根据句子的长短以及具体的内容进行选择。 Decreased mRNA/protein levels  of xxx were observed in xxx mRNA analysis of xxx, showed significant increases of  xxx. RT-PCR analysis showed a higher expression level of xxx mRNA in xxx than in xxx. xxx treatment affected something, indicating the role for xxx. Drug A application increased xxx We purified total RNA from U2OS cells and added increasing concentrations of this RNA to G3BP1 protein in vitro in the absence of Ficoll and found that this RNA strongly promoted LLPS of G3BP1 This finding was consistent with the previous finding that xxx. Our data demonstrated that xxx plays a role in xxx Ligation and puncture in mice resulted in xxx. The number of cells surrounding the xxx was increased. The increase in the expression of xxx was abrogated upon xxx treatment. The elevation in the expression of xxx was decreased upon xxx treatment. What stands out in the table is … Closer inspection of the table shows … It is apparent from this table that very few … The most interesting aspect of this graph is … In there is a clear trend of decreasing … What is striking about the figures in this table is … What is interesting about the data in this table is that … The differences between X and Y are highlighted in Table 4. From the chart, it can be seen that by far the greatest demand is for … From this data, we can see that Study 2 resulted in the lowest value of … This table is quite revealing in several ways. First, unlike the other tables … From the data in Figure 9, it is apparent that the length of time left between … Data from this table can be compared with the data in Table which shows … As Table III shows, there is a significant difference (t = , p = ) between the two groups. The mean score for X was … Further analysis showed that … Further statistical tests revealed … A two-way ANOVA revealed that … On average, Xs were shown to have … Strong evidence of X was found when … This result is significant at the p = level. The results, as shown in Table 1, indicate that … A positive correlation was found between X and Y. There was a significant positive correlation between … The difference between the X and Y groups was significant. There was a significant difference in X, t(11) = , p< There was a significant difference between the two conditions … Respondents who reported low levels of X also reported significantly lower levels of Y. No increase in X was detected. No difference greater than X was observed. No significant differences were found between … None of these differences were statistically significant. No significant difference between the two groups was evident. No significant reduction in X was found compared with placebo. No evidence was found for non-linear associations between X and Y. No significant correlation was found between X scores and the Y scores (p = .274) X appeared to be unaffected by Y. Only trace amounts of X were detected in … There was no evidence that X has an influence on … The Chi-square test did not show any significant differences between … Overall, X did not affect males and females differently in these measures. A clear benefit of X in the prevention of Y could not be identified in this analysis. T-tests found no significant differences in mean scores on the X and Y subscales. Stimulation of X cells with Y did not increase the … With successive increases in intensity of the X, the Y moved further to … Following the addition of X, a significant increase ( P <) in the Y was recorded. When X cells were stimulated with Y, no significant difference in the number of Z was detected. Interestingly, the X was observed to … This result is somewhat counterintuitive . Interestingly, this correlation is related to … The more surprising correlation is with the … Surprisingly, only a minority of respondent s … The most surprising aspect of the data is in the … The correlation between X and Y is interesting because … The most striking result to emerge from the data is that … Interestingly, there were also differences in the ratios of … The single most striking observation to emerge from the data comparison was …除了描述结果和总结结果，在结果部分还需要用一些承上启下的语句，其目的就是把各个 部分的结果连接起来，让整个结果部分变成一个连贯的整体，就好像在讲一个完整的故事 一样，这样才方便读者阅读理解。常用的句式和段落承接方法有： If we now turn to … A comparison of the two results reveals … Turning now to the experimental evidence on … Comparing the two results, it can be seen that … The next section of the survey was concerned with … In the final part of the survey, respondents were asked … Previous report that xxx, led us to assess the effect of xxx on xxx. We next asked whether xxx was required for xxx process. Having shown that xxx, we thus speculate that xxx. According to the finding that xxx, one may note that xxx, so we performed xxx experiment. Having demonstrated that, we investigated that xxx. To discover additional xxx, we conducted xxx experiment. 为了让我们的结果更容易被理解，最好每一小段文字的结尾都有一句总结的文字，顺便还 可以解释一下实验结果说明了什么 对一小段文字进行总结： Therefore, the goal of this study is to demonstrate xxx. Thus, xxx signaling pathway could be a novel target for the treatment of xxx These results suggest that xxx mediates xxx and the subsequent downstream signaling events. Taken together, our data indicate that xxx. These results suggest that … Overall, these results indicate that … In summary, these results show that … In summary, for the informants in this study, … Together these results provide important insights into … Taken together, these results suggest that there is an association between … The results in this chapter indicate that … The next chapter, therefore, moves on to discuss the …

SCI医学论文如何去写,其实可以从11个要点入手：1、一定要有吸引力的题目，思路清晰的摘要和漂亮的图。这三者是决定SCI论文命运的关键。实际上大部分reviewer，审稿的方法是快速看一下SCI文章文章题目，摘要和图，如果这三者不满意，这篇文章基本就Over了。一定要让reviewer心情愉快!不要挑战他的心情!因为这些reviewer大多是大忙人，你让他觉得烦了，你的文章不会有好结果。2、标题简洁、明确，有力。尽量不要出现novel,new等字眼，从逻辑的角度讲，写科技文章的目的就是报道新的进展，如果不新的话那也没有发表的必要了。从审稿人的角度讲，他首先不会因为你写了个new就会觉得你的文章有新意，有时候还会适得其反，让审稿人觉得你在挑战他的经验和智商，于是千方百计找你文章里不new的地方。中文杂志中经常会出现“初探”“初步研究”等词，这些都不宜在SCI文章中出现。3、Abstract里不要充斥大量数字。因为人对数字是最不敏感的，abstract需要的是清晰的逻辑思路，一定要层次分明。4、图与表的选择问题。能用图尽量用图表示，包括各种统计图。图更直观一些，表都是数字，很难理解的。如果一篇文章让reviewer看起来“难受”的话，结果就可想而知了。另外，近年来主张图尽量组合在一起，这样也容易理解一些。图也要涵盖足够的信息，不能动不动就出来一个图，一篇文章的图也不是越多越好，因为图占用太多的版面。5、参考文献和引用一定要规范。最好用文献管理软件(如Endnote)来编辑，不要手工制作，费力且不讨好。对于所有的投稿文章，参考文献全部重新查找，并用软件生成，确保不犯各种小错误。6、节标题的拼写一定要准确。不建议用一个单词，而建议用一个短语或句子。7、切忌超长段落。一般一个段落以3到5个句子为宜，千万不要追求一气呵成的感觉而堆在一起，动辄一页纸的大段落让谁看了都犯愁。一定要让文章看起来简洁清爽。8、图表切忌模糊不清。在审稿阶段图表和正文一般是分开的，要求图的质量要高，要有足够高的分辨率。9、遵循科技写作的常规要领。科技写作是有着自己的一套规则的，不讲规则只能是让审稿人觉得你是个新手或者非正规军，这样拒起稿来几乎没有什么心理压力。10、文章的格式要符合规则。一般来讲通篇双倍行距，段落之间留出空行，正文跟参考文献字体要区分开。11、写完后最好先找一个在国外呆过几年的中国人修改第1次(这样能纠正明显写作错误和表达，又明白你的写作意思)，然后再找一个英语为母语的人修改(最好是学医的，这样能够纠正一些微小错误和表达习惯)。最终的目的是即使退稿也不是因为语言问题。人家修改完了注意在回信中致谢和在文章中致谢。

SCI论文写作格式如下：

·一般性格式要求

字体：一般选用Arial格式或者Times New Roman格式

字号：不同期刊有不同要求，一般为小四号字体或者10号字体。

字数：很多期刊对文章字数没有要求，但也有期刊会对字数有限制要求，有的要求不超过4500字或5000字。

不同层级的标题表示：注意是否加粗，字体是否有要求，标题的大小写。

斜体：个别的统计相关的字符或者拉丁学名要用斜体表示。

其他：注意期刊的要求，具体每个期刊对格式的要求都有区别，首先登录期刊投稿页面，找到For authors,information for authors,quide forauthor等选择菜单栏，找到目标期刊的投稿须知，认真阅读，然后根据要求一条条修正。

建议下载2-3篇目标期刊同类型的近期发表的期刊做模板，参考着修改格式。

Tip:如果遇到目标期刊已发表的期刊的格式与投稿须知的格式有冲突时，优先选择按照投稿须知的格式进行修改。

·关键词(Keywords)1. 形式要求：

·标题、摘要和全文内容中选择。

·反映全文的中心内容。

·根据期刊要求，关键词之间用逗号，分号或者空格隔开。

2. 字数要求：3-8个词或词组。

·引言(Introduction)1. 形式要求：

论述研究主题的现状，历史背景，目前的研究现状与动态，强调本研究的意义与重要性，概述本研究的主要方法。2. 字数要求：一般为200-500字，约占全文的1/8-1/10。

·材料与方法(Materials and Methods)

1. 形式要求：一般分三大部分。

实验对象，包括数据来源，纳入排除标准，实验分组，数据预处理情况，伦理声明。

Tip:有的期刊要求伦理声明放在文章末尾部分。

2. 字数要求：每一小部分在50-100字之间，总体一般500-1200字之间，约占全文的1/4-1/5。

·结果(Results)

1. 形式要求：

以小标题进行分段，按所得到的结果进行有顺序有逻辑的解释说明，可以分段，分节。注意结果的客观性描述，不可加入作者的主观评价，分析、推理或者个人感情色彩强烈的描述等。

2. 字数要求：一般500-2000字之间，约占全文的1/4-1/5。

·讨论(Discussion)

1. 形式要求：

核心内容是对实验观察中的各种现象和数据进行合理的分析与解释，提出本课题的理论意义与实际应用。

2. 字数要求：一般100-2500字之间，约占全文的1/4-1/5。

·结论(Conclusions)

1. 形式要求：一段文字概括文章的核心结果以及对未来研究的意义。

2. 字数要求：一般30-120字之间。

图例说明(Figure legend)

1. 形式要求：一段文字概括文章的核心结果结论。

2. 字数要求：一般每个大图对应20-100字之间。

·参考文献(References)

1. 形式要求：不同期刊有不同的对参考文献的格式要求。一般在目标期刊的投稿格式部分或者 Endnote官网的output styles部分(...) 下载目标期刊的参考文献格式，并把格式导入Endnote并应用。

2. 字数要求：一般习惯上有20-50条参考文献，30条左右为常见。有的期刊限制参考文献在50条以下。

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