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大鼠胰腺促性腺激素释放激素受体mRNA的原位杂交

2015-03-20 09:33 来源:学术参考网 作者:未知

  【关键词】 促性腺素释放激素(GnRH);

  关键词: 促性腺素释放激素(GnRH);受体mRNA;原位杂交;胰脏;大鼠

  摘 要:目的 研究大鼠胰腺促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)受体mRNA的存在及细胞定位. 方法 采用原位杂交组织化学法. 结果 胰脏的外分泌部腺上皮细胞、胰导管上皮细胞及内分泌部胰岛细胞内均可检测到较强的GnRH受体mRNA杂交信号.杂交阳性信号物质均分布在胞质内,胞核呈阴性. 结论 大鼠胰脏内、外分泌部均能合成GnRH受体.GnRH也是一种消化激素,它由胰脏自身合成,又作用于胰脏,可能参与胰脏内、外分泌功能的调节.

  Abstract:AIM To study whether gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor(GnRHR)mRNA exists in rat pancreas and its cellular localization.METHODS In situ hybridiza-tion with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes was adopted.RESULTS Pancreatic endocrine islet cells,ex-ocrine glandular cells and exocrine duct epithelial cells were all found to have GnRHR mRNA hybridization signals.The signals distributed in cytoplasm of all positive cells with nega-tive nucli.CONCLUSION Both of the exocrine and en-docrine cells of the pancrea can produce GnRH recepor.GnRH is also a kind of digestive hormone produced by pan-crea and is responsible for modulating the exocrine and en-docrine function.

  0 引言

  许多研究已经证明促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)及其受体存在于下丘脑-垂体轴以外的器官[1] ,我们先前的研究也已报道了胃肠胰系统能自身合成GnRH[2,3] ,而且证实胃肠胰系统及颌下腺均含有GnRH受体免疫反应阳性物质[4,5] .我们采用原位杂交法,观察大鼠胰脏是否存在GnRH受体mRNA,旨在从转录水平证明胰脏自身能合成GnRH受体,并提出GnRH也是消化激素,可能参与胰脏的内、外分泌功能的调节.

  1 材料和方法

  1.1 材料 地高辛标记的GnRH受体cDNA寡核苷酸探针由大连宝生物生物工程有限公司合成.敏感性加强型原位杂交检测试剂盒Ⅱ(碱性磷酸酶)为武汉博士德生物工程公司产品.雄性SD大鼠3只,体质量200~250g,断颈处死打开腹腔,取出胰脏置Bouin液中室温固定过夜,按石蜡包埋程序将胰脏组织包埋于蜡块内,在严格限制RNA酶污染的条件下切成6μm厚的切片,贴于预先涂有APES的载玻片上.

  1.2 方法 探针的制备参照大鼠脑垂体GnRH受体cDNA序列设计而成[6] ,序列如下:5’-ATGTAT-GCCCCAGCCTTCATGATGGTGGTGATTAGCC-TGGATC-3’,经大连宝生物公司合成并在5’端作地高辛标记.切片经脱蜡水化后,经3g・L-1 H2 O2 -甲醇室温处理30min,蒸馏水洗涤3次,0.5mol・L-1 TBS(pH7.3)1∶200稀释的proteinase K于37℃消化20min,40g・L-1 多聚甲醛5min,蒸馏水洗5min,3次,切片空气干燥后,每张切片滴加含2.0mg・L-1 标记探针的原位杂交液20μL,置湿盒中于42℃杂交18h,2×SSC室温洗涤5min,3次,0.1×SSC洗涤10min,2次,滴加封闭液置室温20min,不洗,滴加小鼠抗地高辛抗体置室温孵育2h,0.5mol・L -1 TBS洗5min×3次,滴加生物素化羊抗小鼠IgG于37℃孵育1h,0.5mol・L-1 TBS洗5min,3次,滴加SABC-AP于37℃孵育30min,0.5mol・L-1 TBS洗5min,3次,最后用BCIP/NBT显色液于室温显色20~30min,水洗中止反应,梯度乙醇脱水,二甲苯透明,中性树胶封片.阴性对照作如下设置:将切片用RNA酶进行预处理后杂交;用不含探针的杂交液进行杂交;用正常小鼠血清取代小鼠抗地高辛抗体进行孵育.

  图1 -图5 略

  2 结果

  GnRH受体mRNA杂交信号呈蓝色,背底不着色,反差明显,阳性细胞易于识别.3种阴性对照试验均呈阴性反应.

  胰脏的周边部分GnRH受体mRNA杂交反应信号较强,中央部分杂交信号较弱(Fig1),周边部分外分泌部的全部腺上皮细胞均可检到很强的GnRH受体mRNA杂交反应信号,信号物质分布于胞质,核呈阴性(Fig2).胰脏的中央部分外分泌部只有部分腺上皮细胞可检到GnRH受体mRNA杂交信号,这些细胞散在分布,杂交信号物质分布于胞质,核呈阴性(Fig3).胰脏外分泌部的导管上皮细胞也可检测到GnRH受体mRNA杂交反应信号,信号物质也分布于胞质内,核呈阴性(Fig4).胰岛细胞中也可检到GnRH受体mRNA杂交信号,这些细胞呈团、呈索散在分布于胰岛内,信号物质也分布在胞质内,胞核为阴性反应(Fig5).

  3 讨论

  GnRH受体由327个氨基酸构成,有7个跨膜结构域,属G蛋白偶联受体,哺乳类脑垂体性腺细胞上的GnRH受体和GnRH的结合有高度特异性,光亲和标记、层析电泳证明GnRH受体为Mr 60000的糖蛋白,有3个N-糖基化位点,在90,98和291位的酸性氨基酸残基可能和GnRH的精氨酸相互作用,而发挥GnRH的生理调节功能[7,8] .GnRH在下丘脑-脑垂体轴外产生并在下丘脑-脑垂体轴外发挥生物学效应已有一些报道.如GnRH受体mRNA在生殖器官如卵巢、睾丸、子宫肌层、子宫壁平滑肌细胞以及胎盘等处均有表达,提示GnRH在生殖调控中除刺激脑垂体分泌LH和FSH外,尚可直接对生殖器官产生作用,调节这些器官和细胞的功能[9-13] .在肿瘤细胞如乳腺癌、垂体促性腺激素瘤、肝癌、肺癌等处也发现GnRH受体mRNA的表达,GnRH的类似物对肝癌等多种肿瘤细胞的增殖有抑制作用,提示GnRH参与肿瘤发生过程的调节[14-17] .GnRH对胰腺的内、外分泌部是否有功能意义,未见报道.我们先前的研究已经证实大鼠胰腺外分泌部能自身合成GnRH[2,3] ,胰脏内分泌部的部分细胞含有GnRH受体免疫反应阳性物质[5] ,本实验发现胰腺内、外分泌部细胞均能表达GnRH受体mRNA,与先前免疫组织化学的结果不完全一致,这可能由于不同方法其敏感性不同所致.以上结果进一步证实了胰腺内、外分泌部均能合成GnRH受体.由此我们认为GnRH也是一种消化激素,它可由胰腺自身产生并作用于胰腺内、外分泌部细胞,并可能参与胰腺内、外分泌部功能的调节,但是具体对那些功能起调节作用和怎样起调节作用有待功能性实验加以进一步证实.

  胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)是一类由于胰岛素缺乏引起糖代谢失常的疾病,从病因学分原发型、继发型两种,均以胰岛细胞受损、功能障碍、胰岛素产 生不足为特征,继发型更因胰脏腺体的破坏而存在胰脏外分泌功能的障碍.多数IDDM患者伴有性功能障碍,如月经失调、阳痿等并发症.IDDM患者存在多种性激素水平异常,如PRL,LH,FSH,β-EP等[18] .我们曾发现,胰脏能自身合成GnRH[3,4] ;而这次发现胰的内、外分泌部均能表达GnRH受体,所以我们认为IDDM导致的性功能障碍,是否也与胰腺本身的GnRH及其受体表达失常有关,这是个有趣的问题,有待进一步探讨.

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