论文研究结论多用什么语态

医学论文写作中的语态问题

英文语法中的语态主要可以分为两种，一种叫主动语态，一种叫被动语态。

目前有很多有关科技论文英文摘要中应当使用哪种语态的研究。早期学者提出科技期刊英文应多用被动语态，从而使表达语言文字、观点的严谨性和客观性得以彰显。然而许多中外英文摘要对比研究发现，使用主动语态可以使科学论文和著作的`文字生动、有活力且信息突出。

多用人称代词we与I，可以增强作者的责任感和对工作客观描述的亲切感、生动性。

在医学论文英文摘要的四段式结构中，“方法”和“结果”这两部分体现客观的研究过程和得出的结果，因此应当多使用被动语态。

例如：The genotypes of SCCmec were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 目前许多国外期刊摘要的“目的”和“结论”两个部分，特别是“结论”的部分，主动语态更为常见。

例如：The study shows that ……。“The serum NT-proBNP and cTnI levels were measured by bi-directional lateral flow immunoassay. ”与“We use bi-directional lateral flow immunoassay for the determination of serum NT-proBNP and cTnI levels.”

这两句句子所要表达的意思是相同的，但是由于语态的不同给读者的感觉却是不一样的。前者被动语态给读者一种实验客观性的感觉，后者运用主动语态则强调了实验操作人员的主观能动性。虽然两个语态表达的内容一致，但是比较主动与被动的使用效果，却没有好坏之分。作者应当根据文章内容与自己所想要表达的效果，运用合适的语态进行表达。

论文英文摘要中语态和时态的用法

英文摘要的字数大多数期刊规定不超过250个词，内容应与中文摘要对应。医学论文中，一般少用第一人称和主动语态，多用第三人称和被动语态，用以体现叙述客观事实。所用时态需与事情发生时间一致，叙述基本规律时可用现在时，叙述研究对象、方法和结果时，用过去时。举例如下。

Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine whether an in hospital transportable CT scanner can provide diagnostic brain images and to compare the quality of these images with those from a convertional fixed? platform CT scanner.

Subjects and Methods:Twenty seven patients with known or suspected intracranial pathology underwent imaging on a transportable scanner and a fixed? platform scanner within 1hr of each from each CT examination were evaluated independently by two neuroradiologists who were unaware of patient of intracranial pathology and normal anatomy were rated on a 5? point scale (1 point 'optimal;5 points'poor or not visualized).Statistical comparisons were made using nonparametric tests.

Results:Seven CT scans were interpreted as showing normal findings and 20 scans revealed intracranial pathology on both CT quality was higher on the fixed scanner(average rating' points'SE=)than on the transportable scanner(average rating' points'SE=(p=).Depiction of the cerebellum'midbrain'and supratentorial gray? white matter was better on the fixed scanner(p<'we found no significant differences in detection of intracranial pathology between radiologists found images from both scanners to bediagnostic in all 27 patients.

Conclusion:Images of the brain on the transportable CT scanner were less clear than those on a fixed 'images from the transportable CT scanner were diagnostic in 27 implications of this finding are important for the provision of CT services for critically ill patients who cannot be transported to the radiology department.

上面是AJR(美国放射学杂志)中一段完整的`英文摘要，从中可以看出其特点：

①用词简练、准确;

②时态为过去时;

③不用第一人称，多用被动语态;

④方法和结果中强调统计方法及数据。

对母语非英语的作者来说，撰写英文摘要的质量好坏直接与作者的英文水平有关，在这方面，只有多阅读英文文献，才能提高英文写作水平，从而写出高质量的英文摘要。