研究中文谚语的英译翻译英文论文

汉语谚语研究综述论文

摘要 本文主要是对近几年来对汉语谚语的相关研究进行了综述，内容主要涉及从本体的角度对汉语谚语的研究、从英汉对比的角度对汉语谚语的研究和有关对外汉语教学中谚语教学的研究，目的在于探讨目前汉语谚语研究中仍旧存在的问题，哪些是值得我们继续研究的。

关键词 汉语谚语 综述 对外汉语教学

谚语是流传于群众之中的通俗易懂而含义深刻的现成语句，它用通俗、简练的语句表达一个完整的意思，并且含义深刻。谚语概括了人民群众社会生活中多方面的经验和客观真理，对他人和后人都有长久的莫大教益。汉语熟语数量极多，是中华民族文化的一面镜子，极富有民族特色，所以，相关学者越来越重视汉语谚语的研究。本文基于一些学者的相关研究对汉语谚语做一个综述，探讨目前汉语谚语的研究还存在哪些问题，哪些方面是值得我们继续研究的。

一、从本体的角度对汉语谚语的研究

钱玉莲在《现代汉语词汇讲义》中提到了汉语谚语的性质，并对谚语的内容作了归纳总结，谚语的内容非常丰富，涉及各个不同的领域。除了谚语的性质和内容，书中还提到了谚语的结构特点和意义，作者在书中对汉语谚语做了总的概括，有利于后人在研究谚语时寻求理论依据。

在由浙江省温州大学、山西省社会科学院和商务印书馆联合主办的第二届汉语语汇学学术研讨会上，付乔的《浅析关键性语素的解释在谚语释义中的重要性》一文,从编写谚语辞书的实践中总结归纳出谚语语目中可能成为关键性语素的常见类型,并从不同角度剖析了解释好关键性语素在谚语释义中的重要性。大会中，史素芬的《谈谚语的变异问题》通过大量例证,对谚语的变异现象进行了概括和归纳，这对人们理解谚语的含义有着重要的指导意义。

高兵的《汉语熟语的民族特色研究》一文，主要从数量、内容、来源、形式上对汉语谚语的民族特色做了研究，作者指出在数目庞大的汉语熟语体系中，谚语占着很大的分量。

该文指出汉语谚语大都是来源于民族语言的历史遗存，是汉民族自己创造的。笔者从形式和内容上对汉语谚语作出总结，说明谚语是极富有民族特色的。

付平平在《概念整合理论对汉语谚语的解读》中介绍了如何运用概念整合理论对汉语谚语的意义构建进行动态分析，作者提出之前人们对汉语谚语的解读一般都是关于内容和形式方面的，很少从认知的角度对其进行解释。在这篇文章中，笔者从一个全新的认知角度去解读汉语谚语，利用概念整合理论对汉语谚语这一极具民族特色的语言现象进行阐释，这又开拓了汉语谚语研究的新空间。

刘微微、刘洪泉的《汉语谚语的文化含义及翻译》和王岩在《汉语熟语文化学研究的现状和框架》都是从文化学角度研究汉语谚语，主要阐述了汉语谚语的文化属性及其民族文化特征，分析透视谚语中所蕴涵的文化，这些后者在研究汉语谚语的时候都是可以借鉴的。

王鸿雁在《汉语谚语的句法形式特点分析》中研究分析出了谚语在性质、功能上相当于一个词,按学术界公认的一种说法即是“词的等价物”，指出谚语具有不同于一般词语的外显特征，同时又讲到了汉语谚语的功能。他的研究还分析出了谚语的形式：单句形式、紧缩句形式和复句形式，以及汉语谚语的省略形式，这体现了谚语的口语风格，形式上实现了谚语简约的价值。

二、从英汉对比的角度对汉语谚语的研究

研究谚语对比的学者也比较多，在众多的研究中，英汉对比占大多数，主要是因为汉语谚语与英语谚语有很多的相似性。但是由于文化等因素的差异，汉英谚语还是存在着很多不同之处。近几年来，学者的主要成果是分析两者的异同，探讨一些行之有效的翻译方法，以求更好地为跨文化交际服务。

刘微微、刘洪泉主要从宗教思想、人文思想、道德观念三个方面阐述了汉语和英语谚语的文化内涵，指出了两者的异同点。文中介绍了汉语谚语英译的四种方法：再现汉语谚语中的形象直译、转换汉语谚语中的形象套译、舍弃汉语谚语中的形象意译、借用英语谚语中的形象套译，强调谚语翻译时,要充分考虑到谚语的语言特点和文化背景,根据具体的情况灵活处理。

林安洪、姜诚指出汉语谚语与英语谚语的主要区别表现在稳定性、地理位置、历史习俗及宗教方面，揭示出汉语谚语比英语谚语固性定强。由于地理位置、历史习俗和宗教信仰的影响，汉语谚语与英语谚语有着很大的不同，反映了各自的民族文化。

沈奇在《论英语谚语的汉语翻译方法》中通过对比提出了汉英谚语互译的几种方法：套用现成的汉语谚语、“客随主便”与“主随客便”、“直译”与“意译”。

杜金有指出谚语是语言文化世界里的奇葩，在各民族语言文化中担当着重要角色，文章从谚语的来源和修辞两个方面比较分析了英汉谚语的异同，揭示出英语和汉语中有许多谚语来源或衍生于外来语。周玉亮在《英汉谚语对比研究》中指出汉语谚语和俗语的关系，分别从主要来源、句法特点和语体特点等方面对英汉谚语进行了对比研究，讨论了英汉谚语在形式与内容方面的对应、半对应与不对应情况，并且提出了文学作品中谚语翻译的主要原则，体现了英汉谚语对比研究的现实意义，即它对翻译活动的借鉴作用。同时作者还指出英汉谚语对比研究，仅有一些相关的论文散见于各种学术刊物或论文集当中，专论性著作尚未问世，与英汉成语(或习语)对比研究相比显得尤为滞后。这些问题都是值得我们思考的，有待后者的研究。

薄鲜娥、冯建民、许丽红、高小燕、王清宁等学者也从汉英谚语对比的角度研究汉语谚语的，笔者在这里就不详细叙述了。还有一些学者，如张宜波(《英汉植物词语的国俗语义对比研究》)、孙永红(《中英文动物词语的`不同文化内涵及差异》)、周昆翔(《从概念隐喻看英汉动物词语的文化异同》)等，从带有动植物词语等词语的谚语入手，对汉英谚语做了比较，分析了两者的文化差异。

三、有关对外汉语教学中谚语教学的研究

谚语作为一种口承语言文化现象在语言学上有重要的研究价值，留学生学习汉语谚语,可以深入了解汉民族独特的文化特征及隐藏于语言背后的文化差异,对提高汉语口语水平具有重要作用。近几年来，随着汉语热的逐流，一些学者开始从对外汉语教学的角度研究汉语谚语，试图从中找出汉语谚语教学的好方法。

赵现琦在《对外汉语口语教学中谚语教学的重要作用》中揭示出留学生学习汉语谚语可以深入了解汉民族的独特文化以及隐藏在语言背后的文化差异，学习和掌握一些常用的谚语可以提高自身的口语交际能力，使自己的汉语说得更加地道。同时作者提出了谚语教学应注意的问题，如教学应该选择一些有教育意义的谚语，语交际实践中学习和训练谚语等，笔者提出的观点和问题都是值得我们在汉语教学中借鉴和注意的。

林安洪、姜诚在《英汉谚语的差异及其在课堂教学中的应用》指出把民族谚语的差异应用于课堂教学中，不仅能增加学生对英语学习的兴趣，扩大他们的知识面，还能提高他们的涵养，笔者的方法在对外汉语谚语教学中也是行之有效的，值得我们借鉴。

王振来的《熟语的文化附加义》指出初级留学生和谚语接触较少,中高级阶段与谚语的接触逐渐增多，留学生学习谚语难在文化附加义上。笔者就留学生学习汉语谚语难这一问题提出了自己的见解，指出留学生要想学好汉语谚语，就要了解谚语的文化附加义，正确使用谚语。笔者的见解对对外汉语谚语教学有很大的帮助，对从事对外汉语工作者有很大的启发性。

四、结语

近几年来，相关学者对谚语研究越来越重视，并取得了一定的成果。但是，我们发现谚语研究还是存在着一些问题，如专门研究汉语谚语的论著还不多，很多都是随着汉语熟语的研究出现的，而且研究都是从大的方面入手，还不够细化。谚语的对比研究成果虽多，但是大部分都是汉英对比，汉语谚语与其他语言谚语对比的很少，而且很粗化。从对外汉语教学的角度研究汉语谚语起步比较晚，虽然一些学者通过研究谚语找到了一些谚语教学的方法，也行之有效，但是不够系统化，比如说对外汉语教材中该选择什么样的谚语，专门的谚语教材如何编撰等问题涉及的很少。总之，汉语谚语研究的空间还很大，无论从哪些角度去思考去分析，我们都可以找到切入点，这些都有待学者们去研究.

你好！中华谚语研究The Chinese proverb research

the early bird catches the worn

ABSTRACT The development of people's ability totranslate figurative speech was studied, using sentences con­taining metaphors, dual function words, and proverbs, aspresented in classroom workbooks. One hundred twentychildren from first, third, fifth, and seventh grades wereasked to describe the meaning of each figurative word orphrase placed in context. Responses were scored on a four­point scale indicating the extent to which the child used aliteral or figurative translation. Significant effects betweengrade levels and figurative conditions were found, indicatingthat the ability to translate figurative speech proceeds alonga developmental hierarchy of language comprehension. Themajority of third grade children were able to translate meta­phors and dual function words into figurative language suc­cessfully. The ability to translate proverbs required a levelof comprehension that does not appear in most childrenuntil seventh grade, as suggested by Piaget.A recent review of the psychological literature onmetaphor suggests a strong relationship betweenmetaphor comprehension and Piaget's cognitive stagesof thought development (3). Piagetian theory suggeststhat children from seven to twelve years of age developa broad range of transformational skills that allows themto operate on reality, building a repertoire of symbolsand signs (8). This display of cognitive growth representsan enormous expansion of power and abstraction in thatit frees children from the literal aspects of their percep­tions.Inhelder and Piaget suggest that the capacity for poeticusage and the ability to operate on linguistic elementsmay be the last facet of language to develop (3). Theauthors' experiences in third grade classrooms, whileobserving children's understanding of figurative speechas presented in reading workbooks, revealed a wide rangeof abilities in the children's interpretation of metaphorsand proverbs at the concrete operations period of develop­ment. Some children had an immediate grasp of the mul­tiple meanings of terms, while others, regardless of theamount of explanation given, could not override theircognitive ties to the literal interpretation.Research suggests that the capacity to understandmetaphoric speech occurs at an age beyond the preschoollevel (5). An early study investigated the development ofchildren's ability to understand dual function words,terms that have a joint reference in language to bothphysical and psychological data (1). For example, suchwords as "cold" and "warm" denote thermal propertiesand can serve a dual function in describing psychologicalaspects of people. The authors suggested that these termsare an elementary instance of metaphorical thinking andinvestigated the order in which children's understandingof dual terms emerged. Results indicated that childrenfrom three to seven are sensitive only to the literal trans­lation, while seven- to eight-year olds demonstrate thebeginning of the ability to use the psychological sense ofthe terms. The ability to state the dual function of theterms was clearly developed in the twelve-year-old group(for example, "hard things and hard people are bothunmanageable").Further work examined the ability of preschool child­ren to make metaphoric links, to perceive relationshipsamong disparate phenomena (6). Children, ages three tonineteen, were asked to indicate their knowledge ofliteral meanings of word pairs and then project them ontosensory domains using metaphoric skills. In contrast toearlier findings, these results indicated that the capacityfor metaphoric association between sensory modalitiesand adjectives was evident in young children.A recent investigation found a developmental trendtoward the comprehension of metaphors, though it con­cluded that not until the age of ten were children ableto demonstrate metaphoric understanding of dual func­tion words (12).The ability to understand proverbs has been explainedby Piaget as part of the development of cognitive think­ing (10). He proposed that children from nine to elevenyears of age use a simple projection of the proverb intosentences by process of immediate fusion. At this level,there is no analysis of detail in comprehending proverbs,but a general fusion of two propositions without analysisof their meanings. Piaget believed that this phenomenonprecedes the development of logical thinking, that theability to translate proverbs does not occur until theformal operations period.The present study examined the relationship amongmetaphors, dual function words, and proverbs, specificallylooking at children's ability to translate classroom materialpresented in context. Context has been cited as an impor­

在前面的帖子中，我提到一句中国谚语“三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮”。这个帖子发表后，网友vmax给我留言，问我这个谚语是否可以翻译成下面的句子。我回答他说，当然可以，但我不鼓励您这样做，主要原因是：您的译文，我们中国人看得懂，但外国人看不懂，他们根本不知道诸葛亮是什么人，如果您想让外国人也能看得懂，您就必须在译文的后面，额外增加一段注释，介绍一下《三国演义》，再介绍一下诸葛亮，只有这样，外国人才能真正理解这个谚语，您说麻烦不麻烦？！ Three cobblers are more clever than Mr. Zhuge Liang.(三个皮匠会比诸葛亮先生更聪明。) 其实，我们中国的许多谚语，都有对应的英语谚语，两者意思相同或者相似，完全可以互相代替，一般情况下，不需要我们自己翻译。比如“三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮”这个谚语，就有一个对应的英语谚语，请看下面第一行。另外一个与《三国演义》人物有关的谚语“说曹操，曹操到”，也有对应的英语谚语，请看下面第二行。 ①Two heads are better than one.(两个脑袋比一个脑袋更好。) ②When we talk about the devil, he will appear.(当我们谈论魔鬼的时候，他将会出现。) 看到这里，有些朋友可能会问：在哪里可以找到这些对应的英语谚语呢？我曾在北京王府井的外文书店中，看到过这方面的书，书名好象叫做《汉英谚语词典》(时间长了，记不清楚了)，我们可以从这种词典中，查出大多数中国谚语的对应英语谚语。现在国内是“英语热”，英语图书(包括英语词典)多如牛毛，我想这种词典应当不难找到。 一个中国谚语，只有在词典中找不到对应的英语谚语时，我们才考虑自己翻译，不过这种情况好象并不多见。比如“周瑜打黄盖，一个愿打，一个愿挨”这个谚语，我就一直没有找到对应的英语谚语，因此我把它翻译为： One is willing to sell, and the other is willing to buy.(一个人愿意卖，另外一个人愿意买。)

中国谚语的英文翻译 A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终。 A bad workman always blames his tools.不会撑船怪河弯。 A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。 A bad thing never dies.遗臭万年。A boaster and a liar are cousins－german.吹牛与说谎本是同宗。 A bully is always a coward.色厉内荏A burden of one‘s choice is not felt.爱挑的担子不嫌重。 A candle lights others and consumes itself.蜡烛照亮别人毁灭了自己。Close mouth catches no flies.病从口入A cat has 9 lives.猫有九条命。 A cat may look at a king.人人平等。 A constant guest is never welcome.常客令人厌。 Actions speak louder than words事实胜于雄辩。 Adversity leads to prosperity.穷则思变。 Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.逆境出人才。 A fair death honors the whole life.死得其所，流芳百世。 A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅。 A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。 A fox may grow gray, but never good.江山易改，本性难移。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。 A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难，失朋友易。 A friend is never known till a man has need.需要之时方知友。 A friend without faults will never be found.没有十全十美的‘After you‘ is good manners.您先请”是礼貌。 A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。 A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终。 A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。 A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.一本好书，相伴一生。 A good conscience is a soft pillow.不做亏心事，不怕鬼叫门。 A good fame is better than a good face. 美名胜过美貌。 A good husband makes a good wife.夫善则妻贤。 A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。 A good wife health is a man‘s best wealth.妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富。 A great talker is a great liar.说大话者多谎言。A light heart lives long.静以修身。A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水。 A joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend.戏谑不能化敌为友，只能使人失去朋友。 A leopard cannot change its spots.积习难改。 A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。 A little body often harbors a great soul.浓缩的都是精品。 A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。 A little pot is soon hot.狗肚子盛不得四两油。 All are brave when the enemy flies.敌人逃窜时，人人都成了勇士。 All good things come to an end.天下没有不散的筵席。 All rivers run into sea.海纳百川。All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。 All that ends well is well.结果好，就一切都好。 All that glitters is not gold.闪光的不一定都是金子。 All things are difficult before they are easy.凡事总是由难而易。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 A man becomes learned by asking questions.不耻下问才能有学问。 A man can do no more than he can.凡事都应量力而行。 A man cannot spin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用。 A man is known by his friends.什么人交什么朋友。 A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.光说空话不做事，犹如花园光长刺。 A man without money is no man at all一分钱难倒英雄汉。 A merry heart goes all the way.心旷神怡，事事顺利。 A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，差之千里。 A mother‘s love never changes.母爱永恒。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，不用请医生。 A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。 An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.以眼还眼，以牙还牙。 An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之计在于晨。 An old dog cannot learn new tricks.老狗学不出新把戏。 An ounce of luck is better than a pound of wisdom.聪明才智，不如运气。 An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.预防为主，治疗为辅。 A rolling stone gathers no moss.滚石不生苔，转业不聚财。 As a man sows, so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。 A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春百花齐放春满园。 A snow year, a rich year.瑞雪兆丰年。 A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身体。 A still tongue makes a wise head.寡言者智。 A stitch in time saves nine.小洞不补，大洞吃苦。 A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影子斜。 A wise head makes a close mouth.真人不露相，露相非真人。 A word spoken is past recalling.一言既出，驷马难追。 A year‘s plan starts with spring.一年之计在于春。 A young idler, an old beggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 Bad news has wings.好事不出门，坏事传千里。 Barking dogs seldom bite.吠犬不咬人。 Beauty lies in the love‘s eyes.情人眼里出西施。 Be swift to hear, slow to speak.听宜敏捷，言宜缓行。 Better late than never.不怕慢，单怕站。 Better to ask the way than go astray.问路总比迷路好。 Between friends all is common.朋友之间不分彼此。 Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分。 Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。Blood will have blood.血债血偿。 Books and friends should be few but good.读书如交友，应求少而精。 Business is business.公事公办。Cheats never prosper.人发不了财。 Business is the salt of life.事业是人生的第一需要。 By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it.读书使人充实，交谈使人精明。 Cannot see the wood for the trees.一叶障目，不见泰山。 Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。 Caution is the parent of safety.小心驶得万年船。 Children are what the mothers are.耳濡目染，身教言传。 Choose an author as you choose a friend.择书如择友。 Come what may, heaven won‘t fall.做你的吧，天塌不下来。 Complacency is the enemy of study.学习的敌人是自己的满足。 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。Content is better than riches.知足者常乐Constant dripping wears away a stone.水滴石穿，绳锯木断。 Count one‘s chickens before they are hatched.蛋未孵先数雏。 Courtesy on one side only lasts not long.来而不往非礼也。 Creep before you walk.循序渐进。 Cry for the moon.海底捞月。 Custom is a second nature.习惯是后天养成的。 Custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。 Diamond cuts diamond.强中自有强中手。Do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。 Do as you would be done by.己所不欲，勿施于人。 Doing is better than saying.与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。 Do it now.机不可失，时不再来Do nothing by halves.凡事不可半途废。 Don‘t claim to know what you don‘t know.不要不懂装懂。 Don‘t have too many irons in the fire.不要揽事过多。 Don‘t make a mountain out of a molehill.不要小题大做。 Don‘t put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。 Don‘t put the cart before the horse.不要本末倒置。 Don‘t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦。 Don‘t try to teach your grandmother to suck eggs.不要班门弄斧。 Do well and have well.善有善报。Each bird love to hear himself sing.孤芳自赏。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起身体好。 Easier said than done.说得容易，做得难。 Easy come, easy go.来也匆匆，去也匆匆。 Eat to live, but not live to eat.人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。 Empty vessels make the greatest sound.实磨无声空磨响满瓶不动半瓶摇。 is good when new, but friends when old.东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。 Example is better then percept. 说一遍，不如做一遍。 Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。 Experience must be bought.吃一堑，长一智。 Fact speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。 Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。 False friends are worse than bitter enemies.明枪易躲，暗箭难防。 Far from eye, far from heart.眼不见，心不烦。 Far water does not put out near fire.远水救不了近火。 Faults are thick where love is thin.一朝情意淡，样样不顺眼。 Fear always springs from ignorance.恐惧源于无知。 Fields have eyes, and woods have ears.隔墙有耳。 Fire and water have no mercy.水火无情。 Fire is a good servant but a bad master.火是一把双刃剑。 First come, first served.先来后到。 First impressions are half the battle.初次见面，印象最深。 First think and then speak.先想后说。 Fools grow without watering.朽木不可雕。 Fool‘s haste is no speed.欲速则不达。 Fools has fortune.呆人有呆福。 Fools learn nothing from wise men, but wise men learn much from fools.愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问。 Forbidden fruit is sweet.禁果格外香。 Fortune favors those who use their judgement.机遇偏爱善断之人。 Fortune knocks once at least at every man‘s gate.风水轮流转。 Four eyes see more than two.集思广益。 Friends agree best at distance.朋友之间也会保持距离。 Friends are thieves of time.朋友是时间的窃贼。 Friends must part.再好的朋友也有分手的时候。 Genius is nothing but labor and diligence. 天才不过是勤奋而已。 Give a dog a bad name and hang him.众口铄金，积毁销骨。 God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。 Gold will not buy anything.黄金并非万能。 Good for good is natural, good for evil is manly.以德报德是常理，以德报怨大丈夫。 Good health is over wealth.健康是最大的财富。 Good medicine for health tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口利于病。 Good watch prevents misfortune.谨慎消灾。 Great barkers are no biters.好狗不挡道。 Great hopes make great man.伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。 Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。 Great men have great faults.英雄犯大错误。 Great men‘s sons seldom do well.富不过三代。 Great trees are good for nothing but shade.大树底下好乘凉。 Great wits have short memories.贵人多忘事。 Greedy folks have long arms.心贪手长。 Guilty consciences make men cowards.做贼心虚。 Habit cures habit.心病还需心药医。 Handsome is he who does handsomely.行为漂亮才算美。 Happiness takes no account of time.欢乐不觉时光过。 Happy is he who owes nothing.要想活得痛快，身上不能背债。 Happy is the man who learns from the misfortunes of others.吸取他人教训，自己才会走运。 Harm set, harm get.害人害己。Hear all parties.兼听则明。 Hasty love, soon cold.一见钟情难维久。 Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。 Health is happiness.健康就是幸福。 Heaven never helps the man who will not act.自己不动，叫天何用。 He is a fool that forgets himself.愚者忘乎所以。 He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.背后说好话，才是真朋友。 He is a wise man who speaks little.聪明不是挂在嘴上。 He is lifeless that is faultless.只有死人才不犯错误。 He is not fit to command others that cannot command himself.正人先正己。 He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.自嘲者不会让人见笑。 He is wise that is honest.诚实者最明智。 He knows most who speaks least大智若愚。 He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 He sets the fox to keep the geese.引狼入室。 He that climbs high falls heavily.爬得越高，摔得越重。 He that will not work shall not eat.不劳动者不得食。 He who does not advance loses ground.逆水行舟，不进则退。 He who makes constant complaint gets little compassion.经常诉苦，没人同情。 He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.想不犯错误，就一事无成。 He who risks nothing gains nothing.收获与风险并存。 History repeats itself.历史往往重演。 Honesty is the best policy.做人诚信为本。 Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。 I cannot be your friend and your flatterer too.朋友不能阿谀奉承。 If a man deceives me once, shame on him, if he deceives me twice, shame on me.上当一回头，再多就可耻。 If you make yourself an ass, don‘t complain if people ride you.人善被人欺，马善被人骑。 If your ears glow, someone is talking of you.耳朵发烧，有人念叨。 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.脚踏两条船，必定落空。 If you sell the cow, you sell her milk too.杀鸡取卵。 If you venture nothing, you will have nothing.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 If you want knowledge, you must toil for it.要想求知，就得吃苦。 Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母。 It is better to die when life is a disgrace.宁为玉碎，不为瓦全。 It is easier to get money than to keep it.挣钱容易攒钱难。 It is easy to be wise after the event.事后诸葛亮好当。 It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open.创业容易守业难。 It is hard to please all.众口难调It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。 It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。 It is the first step that costs troublesome.万事开头难。 It is the unforeseen that always happens.天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。 It is too late to grieve when the chance is past.坐失良机，后悔已迟。 It never rains but it pours.不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。 It takes three generations to make a gentleman.十年树木，百年树人。 Jack of all trades and master of none.门门精通，样样稀松。 Judge not from appearances.人不可貌相，海不可斗量。 Justice has long arms.天网恢恢，疏而不漏。 Keep good men company and you shall be of the number.近朱者赤近墨黑。 Kill two birds with one stone.一箭双雕。 Kings go mad, and the people suffer for it君王发狂，百姓遭殃。 Kings have long arms.普天之下，莫非王土。 Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。 Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。 Learn and live.活着，为了学习。 Learning makes a good man better and ill man worse.好人越学越好，坏人越学越坏。 Learn not and know not.不学无术。Let sleeping dogs lie.别惹麻烦Learn to walk before you run.先学走，再学跑。 Let bygones be bygones.过去的就让它过去吧。 Let the cat out of the bag.泄漏天机。Life is but a span.人生苦短。 Lies can never changes fact.谎言终究是谎言。 Lies have short legs.谎言站不长。 Life is half spent before we know what it is.人过半生，方知天命。 Life is not all roses.人生并不是康庄大道。 Life without a friend is death.没有朋友，虽生犹死。 Like a rat in a hole.瓮中之鳖。 Like author, like book.文如其人。 Like father, like son.有其父必有其子。 Like for like.一报还一报。 Like knows like.惺惺相惜。 Like mother, like daughter.有其母必有其女。 Like teacher, like pupil.什么样的老师教什么样的学生。 Like tree, like fruit.羊毛出在羊身上。 Little things amuse little minds.小人无大志。 Look before you leap.摸清情况再行动。 Lookers－on see more than players.当局者迷，旁观者清。 Losers are always in the wrong.胜者为王，败者为寇。 Lost time is never found again.岁月既往，一去不回。 Love at first sight.一见钟情。 Love cannot be compelled.爱情不能强求。 Love is blind.爱情是盲目的。 Love is full of trouble.爱情充满烦恼。 Love is never without jealousy.没有妒忌就没有爱情。 Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌Make hay while the sun shines.良机勿失。 Make your enemy your friend.化敌为友。 Man is the soul of the universe.人是万物之灵。 Man proposes, God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天。 Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。 Many heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。 Many things grow in the garden that were never sown there.有心栽花花不发，无心插柳柳成荫。 Measure for measure.针锋相对。 Misfortunes never come alone.祸不单行。 Misfortune tests the sincerity of friends.患难见真情。 Money isn‘t everything.钱不是万能的。 Murder will out. 纸包不住火。 My son is my son till he has got him a wife, but my daughter is my daughter all the days of her life.儿子婚前是儿子，女儿终生是女儿。 Nature is the true law.天行有常，不为尧存，不为桀亡。 Necessity is the mother of invention.需要是发明的动力。 Never fish in trouble water.不要混水摸鱼。 Never judge from appearances.不可以貌取人。 Never say die.永不言败。 Never too old to learn, never too late to turn.亡羊补牢，为时未晚。 New wine in old bottles.旧瓶装新酒。 No cross, no crown.不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。 No garden without its weeds.没有不长草的园子。 No living man all things can.世上没有万事通。 No man can do two things at once.一心不可二用。 No man is born wise or learned.没有生而知之者。 No man is content.人心不足蛇吞象 No man is wise at all times.聪明一世，糊涂一时。 None are so blind as those who won‘t see.视而不见。 None are so deaf as those who won‘t hear.充耳不闻。 No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。 No one can call back yesterday.昨日不会重现。 No pains, no gains.没有付出就没有收获。 No pleasure without pain.没有苦就没有乐。 No rose without a thorn.没有不带刺的玫瑰。 No sweet without sweat.先苦后甜。 No smoke without fire.无风不起浪。 Nothing brave, nothing have.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 Nothing dries sooner than a tear.眼泪干得最快。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。 Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。 Nothing seek, nothing find.没有追求就没有收获。 Nothing is so necessary for travelers as languages.外出旅行语言最要紧。 Nothing is to be got without pains but poverty.世上唯有贫穷可以不劳而获。 Not to advance is to go back.不进则退。 Not to know what happened before one was born is always to be a child.不懂世故，幼稚可笑。 No way is impossible to courage.勇者无惧。 Obedience is the first duty of a soldier军人以服从命令为天职。 Observation is the best teacher.观察是最好的老师。 Offense is the best defense.进攻是最好的防御。 Old friends and old wines are best.陈酒味醇，老友情深。 Old sin makes new shame.一失足成千古恨。 Once a man and twice a child.一次老，两次小。 Once a thief, always a thief.偷盗一次，做贼一世。 Once bitten, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。 One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.一个和尚挑水喝，两个和尚抬水喝，三个和尚没水喝。 One cannot put back the clock.时钟不能倒转。 One eyewitness is better than ten hearsays.百闻不如一见。 One false move may lose the game.一着不慎，满盘皆输。 One good turn deserves another.行善积德。 One hour today is worth two tomorrow.争分夺秒效率高。 One man‘s fault is other man‘s lesson.前车之鉴。 One never loses anything by politeness.讲礼貌不吃亏。 One swallow does not make a summ一燕不成夏。 One‘s words reflect one‘s thinking.言为心声。 Out of debt, out of danger.无债一身轻。 Out of office, out of danger.无官一身轻。 Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心为静。 Patience is the best remedy.忍耐是良药。 Penny wise, pound foolish.贪小便宜吃大亏。 Plain dealing is praised more than practiced.正大光明者，说到的多，做到的少。 Please the eye and plague the heart. 贪图一时快活，必然留下隐祸。 Pleasure comes through toil.苦尽甘来。 Pour water into a sieve.竹篮子打水一场空。 Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。 Praise is not pudding.恭维话不能当饭吃。 Praise makes good men better, and bad men worse.好人越夸越好，坏人越夸越糟。 Prefer loss to unjust gain.宁可吃亏，不贪便宜。 Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。 Pride goes before, and shame comes after.骄傲使人落后。 Promise is debt.一诺千金。 Proverbs are the daughters of daily experience.谚语是日常经验的结晶。 Pull the chestnut out of fire.火中取栗。 Put the cart before the horse.本末倒置。 Put your shoulder to the wheel.鼎力相助。 Reading enriches the mind.开卷有益。 Reading is to the mind while exercise to the body.读书健脑，运动强身。 Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.要人尊敬，必须自重。 Rome is not built in a day冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 Saying is one thing and doing another.言行不一。 Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 Seek the truth from facts.实事求是。 Send a wise man on an errand, and say nothing to him.智者当差，不用交代。 Set a thief to catch a thief.以贼捉贼。 Short accounts make long friends.好朋友勤算账。 Something is better than nothing.聊胜于无。 Soon learn, soon forgotten.学得快，忘得快。 Soon ripe, soon rotten.熟得快，烂得快。 Speech is silver, silence is gold.能言是银，沉默是金。 Still water run deep.静水常深。 Strike the iron while it is hot.趁热打铁。 Success belongs to the persevering.坚持就是胜利。 Take things as they come.既来之，则安之。 Talking mends no holes. 空谈无补。 Talk of the devil and he will appear.说曹操，曹操就到。 Tall trees catch much wind.树大招风。 Teach others by your example