In this paper the development trend of optical fiber communication, Metro WDM systems, optical transmission network, a new generation of fiber-optic materials, IP over SDH / WDM, OAN, introduced a fiber-optic communication technology and development. Optical Fiber Communication is the birth and development of an important history of the telecommunications revolution. In recent years, with technological advances, the reform of the telecommunications regulatory framework and a comprehensive telecommunications market gradually opening up, especially the explosive IP development, brought about by the tremendous bandwidth demand, the development of fiber-optic communications show-booming again development of the new situation, the paper seeks to turn of the century, the latest developments in optical fiber communications for a brief introduction and prospects.