保肝、利胆作用自胡黄连中提得的胡黄连甙Ⅱ,即香草酰醇(Vanilloylcatalpol),证明其对因四氯化碳所致肝脏中毒的小鼠有保肝作用,对大鼠有利胆作用。由胡黄连的石油醚提出物中分得罗布麻宁(Apocynirie),证明对家兔有利胆作用。从胡黄连的乙醇提出物中分离得的混合物胡黄连甙(Kutkin),给大鼠口服3-50mg/kg,可以剂量依赖性地防止硫代乙酰胶等3种化学物质所致大鼠的血清及肝生化变化,作用比水飞蓟素好。胡黄连甙对麻醉的和清醒的大鼠和豚鼠具有剂量依赖性的利胆作用以及拮抗乙炔雌二醇的胆汁阻塞作用。抗真菌胡黄连水浸剂(1:4)在试管内对堇色毛癣菌、同心性毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、许兰氏黄癣菌、奥杜盎氏小芽胞癣菌、铁锈色小芽胞癣菌、羊毛状小芽胞癣菌、石膏样小芽胞癣菌、腹股沟表皮癣菌、红色表皮癣菌、考夫曼-沃尔夫氏表皮癣菌、星形奴卡氏菌等皮肤真菌均有不同程度的抑制作用。其他作用从胡黄连石油醚提取物中分离得的罗布麻宁对大鼠子宫有收缩作用,对蛙心有抑制作用。胡黄连分别用冷(4℃)和热(回流)去离子水提取,两种提取物冻干后再用甲醇提取。这两份提取物中能溶于甲醇的部分,对经典补体激活途径的补体活性有较强的抑制作用,而冷水提取物中不溶于甲醇的部分则对经典补体激活途径和旁路补体激活途径的补体活性均有较强的抑制作用。 胡黄连根中含D-甘露醇,香草酸,茶叶花宁(apocynin),胡黄连苦甘Ⅱ,胡黄连甙(kutkoside),6-阿魏酰基梓醇(6-vanilloylcatalpol),婆婆纳甙(veronicoside),米内甙(minecoside),支杉甙(picein),盾叶荚生桃甙,已乙酰基-6′-桂皮酰基梓醇(panta-acetyl-6-vaniloyl catalplol),六乙酰基梓醇(hex-aacetyl catalpol),还含戎芦素类糖甙成分:25-乙酰氧基-2β-葡萄糖氧基-3,16,20-三羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5,23-羊毛甾二烯-22-酮(25-acetoxy-2β-glucosyloxy-3,16,20-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,22-dienen-22-one),葫芦苦素B-2-O-葡萄糖甙即海绿甾甙Ⅰ(cucurbitacin B-2-O-glucoside arvenin Ⅰ),23,24-二氢葫芦苦素B-2-O-葡萄糖甙(23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B2-O-glucoside),2-β-glucosyolxy-3,16,20,25-四羟基-9-基-19-去甲-5,23-羊毛甾二烯-22-酮(2-β-glucosyloxy-3,16,20,25-tetrahy-droxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,23,diene-22-one),2-β-葡萄糖氧基-3,16,20,25-四闳基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5-羊毛甾烯-22-酮(2-β-glucosyloxy-3,16,20,25-tetrahydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5-ene-22-one),戎芦苦素Q-2-O-葡萄糖甙(cucurbitacin Q-2-O-glu-coside),去乙酰氧基葫芦苦素B-2-O-葡萄糖甙(deacetoxy-cucur-bitacin B-2-O-glucoside),海绿甾甙(arvenin)Ⅱ2-β-葡萄糖氧基-3,16,20,25-四羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5,23-羊毛甾二烯-11,22-二酮即莫须有芦苦素O-2-O-β-葡萄糖甙(2-β-glucosyloxy-3,16,20,25-tetrahyolroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,23-diene-11,11,22-dione,cucurbitacin O-2-O-β-glucoside),2-β葡萄糖氧基-16,20-二羟基-9-甲基--19-去甲-5,24-羊甾二烯-3,11,22-三酮(2-β-glu-cosyloxy-16,20-dihydroxy-9-methyl 19-norlanosta-5,24-diene-3,11,22-trione),2-β-葡萄糖氧基-16,20,22-三羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5,24-羊乞求甾二烯-3,11-二酮(2-β-glucosyloxy-16,20,22-tri-hydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,24-diene-3,11-dione),海绿甾甙Ⅲ,25-乙酰氧基-2-β-吡喃葡萄糖氧基-3,16-二羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5,23-羊毛甾二烯-22-酮(25-acetyloxy-2-β-glucopyra-nosyloxy-3,16-dihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,23-diene-22-one),25-乙酰氧基-2-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基-3,16,20-三羟基-9-甲基,-19-去甲-5,23(Z)-羊毛甾二烯-22-酮(25-acetyloxy-2-β-D-glu-copyranosyloxy-3,16,20-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,23(Z)-diene-22-one),25-乙酰氧基-2-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基-3,16,20-三羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5-羊毛甾烯-22-酮(25-acetyloxy-2-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,16,20-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5-ene-22-one),,2-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基-3,16,20-三羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5,24-羊毛甾二烯-22-酮(2-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,16,20-去甲-5,24-羊毛甾二烯-22-酮(2-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,16,20-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5,24-dinene-22-one),2-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基-3,16-二羟基-4,4,9,14-四甲基-19-去甲-5-孕甾烯-20-酮(2-β-D-glucosyloxy-3,16-dihydroxy-4,4,9,14-tetram-ethyl-19-norpregn-5-ene-20-one),2,3,16,20,25-五羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5-羊毛甾烯--2-酮(2,3,16,20,25-pentahydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5-ene-22-one)、2-6-O-桂皮酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基-3,16,20,25-四羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5-羊毛甾烯-22--酮[2(6-O-cinnamoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,16,20,25-te-trahydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanosta-5-one]。(2β,9β,10α,16α,20ξ,24ξ)-20,24-环氧-2-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基)-16,25-二羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5羊毛甾烯-3,11-二酮[(2β,9β,10α,16α,20ξ,24ξ)-20,24-环氧-2(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基)-3,16,25-三羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5-羊毛甾烯-11-酮[(2β,3β,9β,10α,16α,20ξ,24ξ)-20,24-epoxy-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2,16,25-trhydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanost-5-ene-11-one],(2β,9β,10α,16α,20ξ,24ξ)-20,24-环氧-2-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基)-16,25,26-三羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5-羊毛甾烯-3,11-二酮[(2β,9β,10α,16α,20ξ,24ξ)-20,24-epoxy-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-16,25,26-tri-hydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanost-5-ene-3,11-dione],(2β,3β,9β,10α,16α,20ξ,24ξ)-20,24-环氧-2-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基)-3,16,25,26-四羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5-羊毛甾烯-11-酮[(2β,3β,9β,10α,16α,20ξ,24ξ)-20-epoxy-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,16,25,26-tetrahydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanost-5-ene-11-one)],(2β,9β,10α,16α,20β,24z)-2-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基)-16,20,26-三羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5,24-羊毛甾二烯-3,11-二酮[(2β,9β,10α,16α,20β,24z)-2-(Βd-glucopyranosyloxy-16,20,26-trihydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanost-5,24-driene-3,11-dione)]及(2β,9β,10α,16α,20β,24z)-2-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基)-3,16,20,26-四羟基-9-甲基-19-去甲-5,24-羊毛甾二烯-11-酮[(2β,9β,10α,16α,20β,24z)-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,16,20,26-tetrahydroxy-9-methyl-19-norlanost-5,24-diene-11-one]。