园林论文参考文献英文

理想家园——中西古典园林艺术比较研究〔 作者: 周武忠 来自：硕博文库 ]【资料形态】硕博文库【文献属性】南京艺术学院，美术学专业，2001年度博士学位论文【文章标题】理想家园——中西古典园林艺术比较研究【英文标题】Gardens: the Ideal Home of Mankind——A Comparative Study on Chinese and Western Classic Garden Arts【文章作者】周武忠【指导教师】奚传绩【英文关键词】Chinese and Western classical garden arts; comparative study; garden styles; principal elements of gardening; ideas of garden design; essence of garden making.;【中文摘要】本文用历史比较和平行比较为主的综合比较研究法，对中国古典园林和西方古典园林进行了比较研究，侧重于风格的分析和植物、假山与石景的比较，也涉及理水和 建筑等其他造园要素。研究表明，中西园林艺术由于地理环境、审美理想和文化背景的不同导致造园思想不同，两者在风格和形态上表现了明显的差异性：从总体上看，中国园林由于受儒、道、释的影响而崇尚自然，并在禅宗和宋明理学的影响下发展成自然写意主义山水园的风格。以意大利、法国、英国为代表的西方古典园林有着共同的起源，其原型是古典世界的几何规则式园林。之后由于欧洲社会、经济和文化发展历史进程的不平衡，而在西方世界内部先后出现了16、17世纪以“第三自然”为特征的意大利文艺复兴和巴洛克园林、17世纪法国古典主义园林的“伟大风格”和18世纪英国的写实主义自然风景园。前两者均深受西方哲学中理性主义的影响，但意大利园林的人文主义色彩和法国园林的专制主义表现在造园风格上形成了差异；第三者则是英国资本主义革命、农业生产方式、经验主义哲学和浪漫主义思潮综合作用的结晶。中西古典园林...【英文摘要】Focus on the analysis of the garden styles, plantscape and stonescape, as well as waterscape and garden architecture, the author have drawn a parallel between the classical garden arts in China and that in the West mainly by historical and parallel comparative methods. It is indicated that, although they have the similar historical origins, the classic gardens in China and those in the West are very different in the ideas, styles and landscapes of the gardens due to the differences in natural ...1 绪论 12-301．1 本研究的目的与范围 12-171．1．1 本研究的目的 12-131．1．2 本研究的范围 13-171．1．2．1 关于“中西” 13-141．1．2．2 关于“古典” 14-151．1．2．3 对比时期确定的依据 15-161．1．2．4 对“园林”的界定 16-171．2 前人的研究成果和存在问题 17-221．2．1 前人的研究成果 17-211．2．2 存在问题 21-221．3 研究设想和研究方法 22-261．3．1 研究设想 22-241．3．2 研究方法 24-261．4 预期结果和意义 26-301．4．1 有助于把握中西园林艺术的真面貌 261．4．2 有助于扩大园林学研究的领域 26-271．4．3 寻求中西园林的共同的发展规律 271．4．4 为创造新的造园艺术风格提供历史借鉴 27-30第一部分 造园风格研究 30-1102 中国古典园林 30-572．1 研究概况 30-342．2 发展轨迹 34-422．3 中国风格的形成 42-482．3．1 崇尚自然 42-442．3．2 写意手法 44-482．4 园林意境的创造 48-572．4．1 诗画与园林意境的创造 50-522．4．2 独特的时空意识 52-532．4．3 园林意境的表现手法 53-573 西方古典园林 57-1103．1 研究概况 57-593．2 发展轨迹 59-883．2．1 西方园林的起源 593．2．2 古希腊园林 59-613．2．3 古罗马园林 61-633．2．4 中世纪园林 63-653．2．5 意大利园林 65-743．2．5．1 人文主义者园林 65-693．2．5．2 风格主义与造园 69-713．2．5．3 巴洛克园林 71-743．2．6 法国园林 74-813．2．6．1 法国文艺复兴花园 74-783．2．6．2 古典法国式 78-813．2．7 英国园林 81-883．3 西方园林风格的形成 88-1103．3．1 意大利花园的特征：“第三自然” 88-933．3．2 法国古典主义园林的“伟大风格” 93-993．3．3 英国自然风景园 99-110第二部分 造园要素比较 110-1924 植物景观 110-1464．1 植物种类 110-1194．1．1 中国 110-1144．1．2 西方 114-1194．2 象征意义 119-1244．3 引种交流 124-1274．3．1 中国花卉传西方 124-1264．3．2 中国古典园林中的西方植物 126-1274．4 配置艺术 127-1464．4．1 中国园林植物配置 127-1334．4．1．1 模拟大自然植物景观 127-1284．4．1．2 重视“意”与“匠”的结合 1284．4．1．3 重视植物同园林其他要素的关系 128-1304．4．1．4 中国士人的植物配置 130-1314．4．1．5 中国民间的植树风俗 131-1324．4．1．6 中国园林植物配置的程式 132-1334．4．1．7 重视古树名木 1334．4．2 西方园林植物配置 133-1464．4．2．1 树木修剪术 135-1364．4．2．2 丛林 136-1374．4．2．3 花结园 1374．4．2．4 绿廊 137-1384．4．2．5 花坛、花圃与花境 138-1404．4．2．6 草本园 140-1414．4．2．7 植物园 141-1424．4．2．8 植物迷宫 142-1465 假山与石景、水法和建筑 146-1805．1 假山与石景 146-1655．1．1 中国园林中的假山 146-1555．1．1．1 “台” 147-1485．1．1．2 海中神山与远景式假山 1485．1．1．3 土、石结合之山 1485．1．1．4 近景式写实假山 148-1495．1．1．5 白居易与山石审美 149-1505．1．1．6 宋徽宗与寿山艮岳 150-1515．1．1．7 叠石、匠师与写意式假山 151-1555．1．2 西方园林中的石景 155-1655．1．2．1 罗马和中世纪花园中的石作 157-1585．1．2．2 园林中的雕塑 158-1605．1．2．3 让风景直言：洞穴 160-1625．1．2．4 让风景直言：假山和岩石园 162-1655．2 理水 165-1705．2．1 中国园林中的水景 165-1675．2．2 西方园林中的水景 167-1705．3 园林建筑 170-1805．3．1 中国古典园林中的建筑 170-1755．3．2 西方园林中的建筑 175-1806 讨论与结论 180-1926．1 中西园林艺术的相似性和同一性 180-1856．1．1 中西园林艺术的相似性和同一性 180-1836．1．1．1 中西园林艺术起源的相似性 180-1816．1．1．2 中西园林艺术发展过程的相似性 181-1826．1．1．3 中西园林艺术的物质同一性 182-1836．1．1．4 中西园林艺术的社会同一性 1836．1．2 原因分析：中西园林艺术的人类同一性 183-1856．2 中西园林艺术的差异性 185-1876．3 中西园林艺术的精髓 187-192致谢 192-193参考文献 193-196附表 196-2071 意大利建于16～18世纪的别墅一览表 196-1982 英国自然风景园的发展 198-1993 欧洲园林中具有中国艺术风格的景观 199-2004 植物的象征意义 200-2035 西方献给天神的植物 2036 西方献给圣人的植物 203-2047 部分树种自中国直接传往英国诸岛的日期 204-2058 应用于美国南部地区园林中的中国原产植物 205-2079 现存的有迷宫的欧洲园林 207来源：

1\Designing your own panorama, could be each exciting and challenging. If you are contemplating such a mission, listed here are some practical ideas and suggestions. Planning the ProjectPlanning your landscape design is the first and most vital step. Take the time to assemble the data you will want to make your decisions on the weather you wish to include in your landscape design. Will you want a deck, patio, foot paths, walkways, a pond? What sort of plants, timber, flowers, and ground cover will you want to use? You need to research books, articles, and landscape design magazines that will help you make these decisions. It will pay off in the end by saving you cash, time, and frustration, enabeling you find yourself with a beautifully completed mission to be proud DesignThe landscape design is your subsequent step. You will need to make a structure of the realm to be landscaped, as close to scale as possible, and with accurate measurements. Many landscape design planning guides that provides you with step-by-step instructions can be found on the internet without spending a dime, and books or eBooks are abundant. As soon as your panorama design structure is done you’ll be able to started to position your components on the layout pad. This should be your first or preliminary plan and as you progess, modifications will be transfered to your secondary or updated plans. Altering your thoughts usually is simply fine. After all this is just on paper at this point and you haven’t spent any money or performed any labor yet. Experimenting with a few plans is critical before you come up the final landscape design. A properly planned landscape won’t ever look the same in numerous seasons. Plan your panorama design to change with the seasons. You must try to design your landscape as maintenance free as possible. Panorama Design Software programIf it is onerous for you to visualize your finished panorama design by simply taking a look at your format, there is some excellent landscape design software available. A lot of the landscape design software was originally developed for skilled landscapers, however since has been modified for the beginner who needs to do-it-themselves. There are a lot of do-it-yourslef panorama design software program applications out there today. Panorama design software permits you to see a digital picture of the landscape design and allows you to transfer gadgets round and see the changes you make come to life. Some software means that you can import a photograph of your property or constructing and designs the panorama across the photo. Most landscape design software packages offer advise on using and putting the numerous completely different components obtainable right now in your landscape design. A properly designed panorama will all the time change with time, abd a number of the landscape design software program obtainable will mean you can view your panorama because it matures. You may see what it’s going to seem like 5 or 10 years from now when the bushes have grown and the plants people prefer to incorparate a garden of their landscape design. Gardens may be tucked away in the nook of an space, or be the point of interest of the entire panorama design. Gardens can even be stragecly positioned among the plants, flowers and trees so they mix in with your entire landscape design. If you like to backyard, dont overlook all of the garden design possiblities when planning your landscape you want extra info with regard to landscape architect los angeles, pay a visit to Demitri Sanromartin’s internet site without delay2\We are all ready to invest large amounts of money on landscaping in order to give a face lift to our homes. But we didn’t prune enough or at all when our lawn needed it, making our prized lawns and gardens looking worse than ever. This is the best time to start getting ready and preparing your lawn for beautiful success. For your garden to have a longer life span, take the following tips into of individuals would love to have a garden that has a lot of stunning hydrangeas or azaleas growing beautifully. This particular goal takes a good deal of time and effort, nevertheless, so if you’re amongst those individuals who would like to achieve it, you’ll need to work very hard beginning right Garden LandscapingStarting small is without doubt the method to use, particularly if you happen to be a beginner in this particular craft. One of the things you should focus on to start with will be the choice of plants you want to cultivate, . flowers, trees, or maybe even vegetables. It is clearly sensible to decide on plants that do not need an excessive amount of maintenance but when you are confident enough in relation to your gardening skills, roses, orchids, and bonsai trees offer great the soil ready is very important to ensure that you will be able to grow beautiful things in your garden. Using organic fertilizers often is the preferred strategy to use since they will not present any kind of threat to the environment or to human health. Becoming acquainted with different kinds of organic fertilizers such as horse manure or steer manure can enable you to do a good job in preparing the garden soil for great growing and DecorNaturally, a vibrant and nicely decorated lawn is really what you’ll want which involves various garden landscaping options including water fountains, fencing, and lighting. The strategy is to integrate as much of your own personality into your design so as to make it a little haven that is not just lovely to view but also is a quintessential reflection of furniture is a very common garden landscaping feature which also happens to be very useful. When you have the area to hold a complete set, you might as well go for it, especially when you want to have a proper place for your guests during the day if the sun is out but it is not too and Garden Lighting FixturesAdequate illumination can be a large part of designing your garden. The patio is where it all begins so you might wish to buy a good set of sconces or wall lights which illuminate the area and highlight its naturally beauty. Garden lighting is encouraged not just for functional purposes but also for displaying the best features of the space even at be able to continue to keep the garden in excellent shape, it is crucial to understand its needs like routine and controlled watering, tilling, mowing, and weed removal. Watering needs to be season and weather appropriate because gardens that are way too dry or too wet will never flourish so make sure that you adjust Vaccaro researches and writes extensively on the best practices in online marketing. Some articles that I recommend reading can be found on the topics of path to financial responsibility and learning spanish

园林设计毕业论文参考文献

参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴。征引过的文献在注释中已注明，不再出现于文后参考文献中。以下是我为大家收集的园林设计毕业论文参考文献范例，供大家参考!

学位论文：

[1]赵军.从自囿走向开放[D].南京农业大学,2008.

[2]张锋.朱启铃与北京市政建设[D].首都师范大学,2007.

[3]李惠民.近代石家庄城市化研究(1901-1949)[D].河北师范大学，2007.

[4]王丹丹.北京公共园林的'发展与演变历程研究[D].北京林业大学,2012.

[5]李在辉.天津租界园林与保护[D].天津大学,2006

[6]王志勇.近代保定天津城市发展比较研究(1840-1927)[D]?华中师范大学，2005.

[7]闫永增.以矿兴市-近代唐山城市发展研究(1878-1948年)[D].厦门大学,2007.

[8]孙媛.从城市公园看中国现代景观的产生与发展[D].天津大学，2009.

[9]崔鹏飞.秦皇岛开 埠 与区域经济的近代变迁[D].河北师范大学，2008.

[10]孙媛.从城市公园看中国现代景观的产生与发展[D].天津大学,2009.

[11]崔鹏飞.秦皇岛开 埠 与区域经济的近代变迁[D].河北师范大学,2008.

[12]薛春莹.北京近代城市规划研究[D].武汉理工大学,2003.

[13]李珊珊.重庆中央公园：一个城市公共空间的演变及其机制研究[D].重庆大学,2013.

[14]王蕾.城市绿地分类信息管理系统[D].新疆农业大学,2006.

[15]杜广如.城市绿地空间系统的规划研究[D].河北农业大学，2006.

[16] Shi Mingzheng. Beijing Transforms: Urban Infrastructure. Public Works, and Social Change inthe Chinese Capital. 1900-1928. 1993.

专著：

[1]吴良 镛 .京津冀地区城乡空间发展规划研究[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2002.

[2]同济大学,董鉴泓.中国城市建设史3版[M]?北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2004.

[3]汪菊渊.中国古代园林史[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006.

[4]王炜,闫虹.老北京公园开放记[M].北京:学苑出版社，2008.

[5]贾琚.北京私家园林志[M].北京：清华大学出版社，2009.

[6]北京经济委员会编.北京园林绿化志[M].北京:燕山出版社，2004.

[7]北京动物园管理处?北京动物园志[M]?北京：中国林业出版社，2002.

[8]北海景山公园管理处.北海景山公园志[M].北京：中国林业出版社，2000.

[9](民国)陈植编.都市与公圈论[M].北京:商务印书馆，1930年版

[10](民国)陆衣言.南京游览指南[M]?上海：中华书局,1929年版，南京图书馆古籍部藏.

[11]周维权著.中国古典园林史[M].北京：清华大学出版社,1999.

[12]于海漪.南通近代城市规划与建设[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.

[13]陈宗藩.燕都丛考[M].北京：古籍出版社,1991.

[14]天津市地方志编修委员会编.天津简志[M].天津：天津人民出版社,1991.

[15]张彤,张岩.天津历史名园[M].天津：天津古籍出版社,2008.

[16]天津市历史博物馆等编,杨大辛主编.近代天津图志[M].天津：天津古籍出版社,2004.

[17]河北省地方志编纂委员会编.河北省志[M].北京：民族出版社,1995.

[18]石家庄市规划局.石家庄市规划志[M].北京：新华出版社,1994.

[19]唐山市地方志编纂委员会.唐山市志[M].北京：方志出版社,1999.

[20]秦皇岛市城乡管理委员会地方志办公室.秦皇岛市城建志[M].北京：方志出版社,1991.

[21]杨淑秋,王志.保定市园林志[M].北京：新华出版社,1988.

[22]李松欣，梁翔南，延凤桐,王信，潘锡章.保定市城乡建设志[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1999.

[23]张家口市建设档案馆.张家口市城乡建设纪事[M].北京：中国档案出版社,1998.

[24]王亚男,1900-1949年北京的城市规划与建设研究[M].南京：东南大学出版社，2008.

[25]京都市政公所编.京都市政汇览[M].北京:京都市政公所,1919.