论文答辩描述英文版

英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）

一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。

Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.

With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.

Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.

With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.

Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.

For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.

In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.

Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.

Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.

Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.

I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems

Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.

Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.

Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.

Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style

in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!

I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

英语毕业的论文答辩稿（精选6篇）

毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩，在举行答辩会前，校方、答辩委员会、答辩者（撰写毕业论文的作者）三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我整理的英语毕业的论文答辩稿（精选6篇），欢迎大家分享。

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !

晚上好，所有的评估委员会成员。我来自HUST，主修外国语言学和应用语言学。我是xxx，我的主管是教授。 xxx。凭着她的真诚和智慧的指导，近一年的辛苦工作，我已经完成了我的论文。最后，这是展示时间。今天晚上，我将向大家致以衷心的感谢，我衷心地欢迎您的加入。

我的论文的标题是哥特式风格的研究

我希望通过研究这个短小的故事，我们可以在某些历史和文化中更多地描述美国南方妇女，更多地要求帮助现代社会的妇女对自己有一个广泛的了解，帮助我们提高我的独立性和信心，并更多地关注我们的心理健康该

接下来，我将向您介绍。这是我演讲的大纲。他们是文学评论，哥特式传统，哥特式风格的故事和哥特风格的原因。

本文由六部分组成。第一部分提出了作者威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner)和艾米莉·艾丝丽(A Rose)的作者，指出了这项研究的目的.和意义。第二部分是文献综述，对国内外这本小说进行了相关研究，并指出了理论依据和方法。第三部分给出了小说中哥特式传统的时间表，即死亡主题，独特的人物和神秘的气氛。部分原因，详细介绍了这本小说中哥特式风格的原因：父权制的压迫，南方女士的神话和艾米莉对爱情的态度。最后，在结论中，笔者对以前的部分进行了梳理，再次强调了论文论证的意义。

好的，就是这样。现在你可以提出你的问题!我准备好了!谢谢！

Good morning,

Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ：

I am Wu Lin. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professor Hu Anjiang, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.

My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van Winkle).

The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Thank you!

good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. i am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. with her constant encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper. now, it is the show time. i will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m xxx and come from class x. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

The title of my paper is xxxxxxxxxxxxx. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

毕业论文答辩自述稿英文版（通用6篇）

转眼间充满意义的大学生活就即将结束，我们都知道毕业生要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种、有准备的检验大学学习成果的'形式，那么什么样的毕业论文才是好的呢？下面是我整理的毕业论文答辩自述稿英文版，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am **** and my supervisor is ***. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction. The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation.

I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators.

So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.

The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.

So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.

Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.

Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.

Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.

Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices. OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions。

Good morning,

Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ： I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere grat-itude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.

My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts.

The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies.

In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society.

Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Thank you!

good evening, all the appraiser committee members. i come from hust, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. i am and my supervisor is prof.***. with her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year"s hard work, i have finished my paper. finally, it is the show time. this evening i will present my efforts to you all and i gratefully welcome any correction.

the title of my paper is a study of the causes of the gothic style in a rose for emily from a feminist perspective. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. firstly, i am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. secondly, i am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and i have taught this text for more than 3 times . last but not the least ,as a female , i am keen on the study of feminism. for the above facts, i select the subject of a study of the causes of the gothic style in a rose for emily from a feminist perspective as the title of my paper.

i hope by studying this short story we can know more about american southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

next , i will present it to you. here is an outline of my presentation. they are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

this paper consists of six parts. part one presents an introduction to the author william faulkner and a rose for emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and emily s attitude towards love. finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

ok, that"s all. now you may raise your questions ! i am ready! thank you !

today, the title of my paper is on the network novels. in recent years, the network literature is developing rapidly. network novel is one of the fast of them. in the middle schools, high schools and even universities, there is no lack of network novels" addicts. for the above facts, i select the subject of on the network novels as the title of my paper.

the last part, the forecast. looking from the internal strength pattern, the outstanding writers in our country mainly hold one kind of critique and the pessimistic manner to the network novels at present. if each big literature website enlarges their own supervision, the vulgar works, the pornography and bad works like those things, meanwhile hanker for new person s new article as well as depth ones, the network novels can be accepted by more people.

not a low-level novel but a kind of enjoyment.

good morning, all appraiser committee members. i am **** and my supervisor is ***. with her constant encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper. now, it is the show time. i will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

the title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of on transformation of parts of speech as the title of my paper.

i hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.

part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.

part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any correction.

The topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.

Angela Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve into.

With the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and propositions.

Next, is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five parts.

Chapter one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the thesis.

Chapter two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the future.

Chapter three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual relationship.

Chapter four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two genders.

Chapter five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further study.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

描述性研究论文英文版

你好！医学相关的论文内容很广泛，根据不同的目的和对象，可以采用不同的写作方式。以下是一些常见的写作方式和对应的写作方式：

1. 研究性论文（Research paper）：这种论文旨在描述科学研究的结果和方法，一般包括以下部分：简介、方法、结果、讨论和结论等。在写作过程中，需要严格遵循科学研究的规范和标准，确保研究数据的准确性和可靠性。

2. 综述性论文（Review article）：这种论文旨在系统性地综述和分析已有研究的结果和方法，一般包括以下部分：概述、方法、讨论和结论等。在写作过程中，需要深入阅读并归纳整理已有研究的成果，对各个研究的优缺点进行评价和分析，提出未来的研究方向和建议。

3. 案例报告（Case report）：这种论文旨在报道临床病例和治疗效果，一般包括以下部分：介绍、主诉、检查、诊断、治疗和讨论等。在写作过程中，需要详细描述病例的临床表现和治疗过程，分析治疗效果和药物副作用等信息。

4. 系统性评价（Systematic review）：这种论文旨在描述一项特定的临床疾病或治疗方法的系统性评价结果，一般包括以下部分：介绍、方法、结果、讨论和结论等。在写作过程中，需要根据预先制定的评价方法和标准，对所有可用的文献进行系统性筛选和分析，评估研究质量和证据强度，提出相应的结论和建议。

以上是常见的医学相关论文的写作方式，希望对你有所帮助！如果有其他问题，欢迎继续提问。

声明：该答案来源于“知否AI问答”，一款全方位“智能问答”、“知识获取”和“内容生成”系统。

有人归纳了外刊论文撰写的五个基本要求，即5C：正确(correctness)、清楚(clarity)、简洁(concision)、完整(completion)和一致性(consistency)。只有在满足这5点要求的情况下才可以算是一篇合格的外刊文章。对此，我深表同意。下面，从外刊论文的基本结构分别来说明我的看法：1 Introduction我一直认为Introduction是外刊文章最为难写的部分之一(另外一个是Discussion)。中文文章的缺陷就在于Introduction没有内涵，过于简单，没有真正体现出一篇论文的研究起初和创新要素。应该说外刊论文对于Introduction的要求是非常高的，可以毫不夸张的说，一个好的Introduction就相当于文章成功了一半。所以大家应该在Introduction上集中足够的精力。我认为要写好一个Introduction，最重要的是要保持鲜明的层次感和极强的逻辑性，这两点是结合在一起的，即在符合逻辑性的基础上建立层层递进的关系。一开始，我们要首先阐述自己研究领域的基本内容，要尽量的简洁明了，不要罗里罗嗦一大堆。须知看文章的人都是该领域的专家，所以一些显而易见的知识要用概括性的而不是叙述性的语言来描述。接下来，就是Introduction的重头戏之一：文献的总结回顾。这一点要特别着重笔墨来描写。一方面要把该领域内的过去和现在的状况全面的概括总结出来，不能有丝毫的遗漏，特别是最新的进展和过去经典文献的引用。这是两个最容易出现的问题，应该是我们要极力避免的。如果一旦审稿人之处这两个毛病，很可能意味着说你做的不够深入或者全面，负面作用是非常明显的。另一方面，文献的应用和数据的提供一定要准确。片面的摘录部分结果而不反映文献的总体结果是千万要不得的。引用的数据也要正确，特别是间接引用的数据(即不是从原文献中查到的数据，而是从别人的文献中发现的另外一篇文献的数据)。数据出错会导致文章的印象大大失分。此外，引用文献的时候注意防止造成抄袭的印象，即不要原文抄录，要用自己的话来进行总结描述。如果审稿人正好是文献的引用者的话，这样做就会糟糕的。然后就是分析过去研究的局限性并且阐明自己研究的创新点，这是整个Introduction的高潮所在，所以更是要慎之又慎。阐述局限性的时候，需要注意的问题是要客观公正评价别人的工作，不要把抬高自己研究的价值建立在贬低别人的工作之上，这往往是我们写中文文章中容易犯的毛病。在外刊论文的写作中，这是万万要不得的，一定要遵循实事求是的原则来分析。在阐述自己的创新点时，要仅仅围绕过去研究的缺陷性来描述，完整而清晰的描述自己的解决思路。需要注意的是文章的摊子不要铺的太大，要抓住一点进行深入的阐述。只要能够很好的解决一个问题，就是一篇很好的文章了。创新性描述的越多越大，越容易被审稿人抓住把柄。中文文章的特点是创新性要多要大，而英文文章的特点恰恰相反：深入系统的解决一到两个问题就算相当不错。最后，就是总结性的描述论文的研究内容，可以分为一二三四等几个方面来描述，为Introduction做最后的收尾工作。至此，Introduction的写作算是大功告成。但是写完之后，还是要慎之又慎的仔细修改，仔细的琢磨里面的每一个句子是否表达的恰当准确，这对Introduction的修改完善是至关重要的。2 MethodsMethods部分是描述我们论文的实验过程(这是针对理工科而言，文科我不知道不能妄言)。这一过程的写作相对来说较为简单，但是需要注意的问题却不少，重要的在于完整和科学。完整就是实验当中的每一个环节都要注意到，不要顾此失彼，遗漏一些重要的内容。Methods部分一般可以按照实验对象、实验设备、实验材料、实验记录、实验分析方法等几个方面来进行组织。实验对象一般是人或者动物或者是一些组织等等，它们的基本信息要描述明确。此外需要注意的是国外的刊物大多对牵扯到人或者动物的实验都有一些特定的要求，有些是不允许在人或者动物身上进行的实验操作的，这需要认真阅读投稿刊物中关于实验的详细规定。如果违反这一规定的话，可能会不接受评审或者发表，这一点要特别注意。实验设备的描述中，要对仪器的型号、生产厂家、实验过程中的用途等做详细的说明(牵扯到保密项目的可能有另外的写法，我不清楚)。对实验设备之间的链接要做到科学正确，不要给人混乱或者操作错误的感觉。设备使用的时候一些必要的步骤不可或缺，尤其是有可能对实验结果造成特定影响的操作更是要详细说明。这样做的好处，是为了在Discussion中能够进行对应的分析。比如，一些设备在使用之前要首先进行校正(calibration)，有的要求每个阶段实验之后都要重新校正，以保证结果的正确性。这一点一定要详细说明你的操作步骤或者校正过程，便于评审人分析你的结果。实验材料的描述根据不同的学科应该有不同的要求，这里很难加以详细的描述。总体上来说要注意说明材料选择的必要性，也就是对为什么选择这种材料最好有一定的说明。如果这一点上描述不清的话，可能会导致整个实验过程是不成立的。实验过程就是讲自己实验的整个操作流程描述清楚，一般都要附加以实验的流程图进行说明。流程图的画法很多，有的是文字式的，有的式文字和示意图结合的，根据不同的实验有不同的做法。一般来说，可能后者多一些(对一些实验性学科来说尤其如此)，因为这样做能够使评审人对你的实验过程一目了然。如果示意图花的漂亮的话，还可以增强一些印象分。描述的时候，要有鲜明的层次感，对每个步骤之间的顺序和关联要描述清楚，不要造成实验过程混乱不堪的印象。因为最终评审人判断你的实验是否合理，是从这个过程的描述来的。只要能在上述4个方面做到完整和科学的描述，相信写好Methods不是问题。3 Results不少人在写论文的时候会把Results和Discussion两部分放在一起写，但是大多数的论文都是分成两个部分。这两种做法的选择，取决于文章的类型。如果你的结果在分析的同时进行讨论更加合适，并不适合单独拿出来分析(或者是那样做很困难，导致Discussion成为鸡肋的时候)，那么合在一起写是合适的;反之就要放在一起写。因为我没有放在一起写的经验，所以这里就只好单独分开来说了。希望有合在一起写经验的人能够补充这方面的内容。Results部分的要求是四个字：翔实准确。翔实就是要提供最为全面的分析结果，一切从你的实验当中能够得到的结果都应该提供给读者，不要故意的隐瞒或者遗漏某些重要的结果。准确就是结果必须是要真实的，不能是伪造合篡改的。从某种意义上来说，结果不够翔实并不会导致论文直接被拒，但是结果的真实性被人怀疑的话就肯定会被拒。在结果的提供上，一般是表格和图两种方式。不同的杂志对于图表的要求并不完全一致，应该要根据杂志的要求分别对待。表格的优点是能够清晰的展示论文获得的第一手结果，便于后人在研究时进行引用和对比。图的优点在于能够讲数据的变化趋势灵活的表现出来，表达上更为直接和富于感染力。应该来说，图表应该结合起来使用，这样能各自取长补短，使得结果的展现更加丰富。应该要提出的一点是：现在大家越来越喜欢给各种各样的图，但是杂志社的要求却是要尽量限制图的个数。因为这样子会增加排版的困难，版面也会增加，出版社的支出也就会增加。因此，我的建议是大家在提供图的时候，尽量用最少的图提供最多的信息，一般来说最多不要超过8个。图太多了，会显得过于罗索和累赘，主编那里就不会很欣赏。必要的时候可以用表格来替代一些图。图片的格式每个杂志不太一样，要求tif格式的比较多，不推荐使用bmp(jpg就更不能用)。有人说用矢量图清楚些，我的感觉和tif格式的没什么区别，只要足够清晰也就可以了。彩色图片的使用要慎重，因为黑白图片可以免费，但是彩色图片是绝对要收费，而且价格不菲。在Results和Discussion分开写的情况下，Results部分尽量不要设计对结果的评论，最多是总结的陈述结果也就可以了。否则造成这两部分的内容上的重叠，会显得很累赘，对Discussion的描述不利。结果的描述上也要注意层次之间的安排，要按照条理性的要求分别描述，显得有逻辑性一些。不要乱七八糟的堆在一起，只是给出来了就可以了。结果给的一团糟，会大大降低论文的可读性，吃亏的最终是自己。Results中大多都要提供统计性的结果，例如方差分析等。方差分析的结果形式要根据刊物的格式来给出，有的要求对分析值、自由度和概率都要详细的给出，有的则只要分析值和概率就可以了。概率可以用p=或者p<等形势给出，自由度的表达也有一些特殊要求。这些细节问题虽然关系不大，但是注意格式要统一，不要乱七八糟各自为战。统计分析结果过多时，可以用表格的方式来给出，具体上可以参照SPSS软件分析之后的结果。如果论文结果部分通篇都是统计分析的数据，会显得凌乱不堪，表格的形式会避免这种情况的发生。4 Discussion前面已经说过，Introduction和Discussion是整篇论文当中最为难写的两个部分。Discussion部分之所以难写，是因为这里面最能够显示一个作者研究问题的深度和广度。深度就是论文对于提出问题的研究到了一个什么样的程度，广度就是是否能够从多个较多来分析解释实验中的结果。要写好Discussion，我想大概可以分为下面两个步骤：第一，选择要深入讨论分析的问题。Results部分中，有的结果是重要的，有的则是一笔带过的。选择合适的结果在Discussion部分中进行深入的讨论，是写好该部分首先面临的一个问题。一般来说，可以根据一个简单的原则来判断：如果你得到的结果体现了实验的独特性，是其他研究中没有得到的结果，那么这个结果就是应该要重点讨论的问题。有些结果是和前人的研究相一致的，并没有显著性的差异，那么就应该一笔带过不要深入讨论，否则那只是重复别人的工作而已，没有任何价值。Discussion的一个重要作用就是要突出自己研究的创新性，体现出显著区别于他人的特点，区别大和小是另外一个问题，重要的在于有区别。第二，对选中的问题按照一定的层次从多个角度来进行讨论。选择的问题有时候不只一个(实际上多数情况下是2个以上)，所以描述的时候就要按照一定的层次描述清楚。一般来说要把最重要的放在中间，次之的放在开头和末尾。我觉得放在中间能够将评审人的情绪带至最高潮，前面是一个铺垫，后面是一个总结。这样的顺序似乎更合适一些，不妥之处还请诸位大家指正。无论问题大小，重要与否，都要从多个较多展开深入的讨论。这方面首先要有类似结果的对比，说明自己结论的独特性。其次，就要系统的阐述为什么会有这样的结果，方法可以有多种：从实验设计的角度，从理论原理的角度，从分析方法的角度，或者借鉴别人分析的方法等等。这并没有所谓一定的规则，重要的在于将这个问题深入的阐述清楚，不能让人有意犹未尽之感(这样其实很困难，因为评审人总是会提出新的问题，我们只能尽量做到这一点)。在Discussion中，需要特别指出的是要保持和Results的一致性，也就是结果和讨论要一一对应，前后呼应，相互衬托才可以。千万不要出现按照讨论的内容会推出与实验相反的结论这种事情，那就证明你的讨论思路是彻底的失败或者你的实验压根儿就是失败的。所以在Discussion的文字描述中，语言表达的精确性尤为重要。由于中英文表达习惯上的不同，总是会出现一些误解的情况，这一点要尽量在投稿之前解决好，否则由于这个问题导致被拒是很冤枉。到此为止，外刊论文的四个主题部分都介绍完了。有人说还少了Abstract和Conclusion，不过我认为只要上述四个部分解决好了，这两个写起来轻而易举，并且这两个部分也不属于评审人重点关注的问题(Abstract的重要性要略微高点)。下面再介绍一下另外两个部分：Acknowledge和References。关于Acknowledge部分，主要的内容分为两个：第一是表明研究的基金来源，象中国的话一般都是Nature Science Foundation of China(NSFC，国家自然科学基金)，美国的话大多是National Institute of Health(NIH，美国国家卫生研究院)。写上基金的时候一般都要标注清楚基金的号码(Grant Number)，只有这样才算是该项基金的研究成果，也可以算做实验室的研究成果。须知没有任何一项研究成果是在没有资金资助的情况下完成的，所以这一点非常必要。第二是对参与人员(没有列在作者中的研究人员)和单位表示感谢，如果通过一审和最终接受发表，还要添加上对editor和anonymous reviewers的感谢，这是一种最基本的礼貌。中国人的文章中很多人会少掉这部分，这一点很不好。关于References，重要的在于格式。不同的杂志对于参考文献的格式要求不一样，具体下来有所区别的可以分为：作者的写法，有的是简写在前，有的简写在后，有的简写有点，有的简写没有点;文章的名字，有的要加上引号，有的没有引号;期刊的写法，有的要简写，有的要全称，有的要斜体，有的则不需要;年和期卷号的顺序，有的是年在前，有的是年在后;期刊论文、书、学位论文、会议论文，四种引用的格式各不相同;文献的排列顺序，有的是按照字母的顺序，有的则是按照在论文中出现的顺序用阿拉伯数字排序。基本上就是这些问题，看来很是琐碎，但是如果你的参考文献排列的乱七八糟，那就会使得评审人对你论文的印象很差，认为你没有认知组织和撰写论文，造成一定的负面影响。所以，事情虽小，影响却大，还是要认真组织为好。此外，论文在撰写的时候要自始至终都用英语来写，千万不要先写中文再翻译成英文。这样写出来的文章肯定是中不中，英不英，而且还极大的浪费精力。宁可一开始写得语法差一些，但是慢慢修改都要比这种写法好。况且如果有同专业英语比较好的人帮助的话，那这样写就更加省事了。写作的时候，行文的时态要注意。中文没有时态的问题，但是英文有，而且要求还相当严格。一般来说，大多数情况下是过去时态，在Introduction文献的回顾，Methods的整个部分，Results结果的总结，Discussion中的大部分，都要用过去时态来陈述。其他情况下可以用一般时态来描述。时态之间的界限是比较严格的，最好是仔细的通读国外的论文好好分析一下，或者让有经验的人帮你把把关，这样比较好一些。我个人对于外刊论文主体写作上的体会就是这么多了，欢迎大家指正批评，希望对你有所帮助

学术堂告诉你，一般第一次写英文论文时会比较麻烦，但只要熟悉英文论文的写作流程后，后面就比较快了。第一步，大量阅读英文学术论文质变引起量变。当时，一个博士师兄给了我一篇Nature论文。我十分感兴趣，读完这篇之后一口气顺藤摸瓜读了很多相关文章。一个月内，我每天打印两到三篇文章带在身上以便去自习时仔细研读，并做好笔记。一个月下来，几十页的笔记积淀下来。于是，当我产生想法把这写成一篇论文的时候，原材料就有了。第二步，大概框架搭建（金字塔原理）先把论文的骨架搭建起来，而不是想到哪儿写到哪儿。当时我有了几十页的笔记，虽然都是有用的信息，但是杂乱无章。于是我尝试运用金字塔原理（金字塔原理 (豆瓣)。金字塔原理是由明托大师发明的一种思维写作方式。其中心思想如下：每一层次的思想观点必须是低一层次思想的概括每一组的思想观点必须在逻辑上属于同一范畴每一组思想观点必须符合逻辑顺序遵照这一思想，我先确定我论文的主题。然后寻找几个支持主题的论点，再在论点下提供分论点。后来PhD的Academic Writing课程上称之为Bullet Points。第三步，填充数据文献，资料将各种资料填充入分论点部分。很多时候我会从别人的文章直接copy段落，以后再做修改以避免抄袭嫌疑（此时记下文献来源）。这步之后，你的文章毛坯子已经有了。第四步，理顺段落关系，语句修改也就是承上启下的句子。大致就是些口水话。推荐的方法就是从别人的文章里摘抄漂亮实用的句式和词语。这部分需要长期的文献阅读和留心积累。本科时，老师经常给我讲我们学校某院士年轻时经常把别人论文里的句式抄成小字条，随身带着，不时翻看，等到他写文章时，先用中文写好，翻译成英文时，直接套进那些记下的固定句式里。PS: 为了避免抄袭，paraphrase之后请记得写好reference。举一些语句方面的例子吧。1. 少用主动语态，多用被动语态。2. 同一段落时态注意一致，多为过去时。3. 一个句子不要以阿拉伯数字开头。4. 不管你是几个人，最好用we, 而不是. 句子与句子之间，多用连接词承前启后（however， therefore， additionally， moreover， furthermore, ）6. 用一些高级词汇。important太不大气了，significant稍微好点，高手都用essential，pivotal。能用due to，就别用because之类的。widely used 就不如ubiquitously used帅气。About/around跟approximately比起来也相形见绌。当然词汇不是越高级越好，注意上下文的语境，合适最重要。

论文答辩自述英文版

论文陈述可以很好地组织和发展论点，并为读者提供关于论点的“指南”。

论文陈述包含以下内容：

1、陈述你对这个主题的主要观点

陈述观点时一定要表达一个主要思想，并陈述你的立场或看法。关于主题，需思考：

2、给出几个支持主要观点的理由

理由要写清楚，一定要用符合逻辑的事实和证据来支持这个理由。

3、给出一个与主要观点相反的观点

一个好的论文陈述要承认论点存在另一面。所以，同学可以在论文陈述中给出一个反论点。

论文陈述写作示例：

1、首先，从一个问题开始。例如：互联网对教育有正面或负面的影响吗?

2、其次，表明你对这个问题的立场。例如：互联网对教育的正面影响大于负面影响。

3、最后，发展你的答案。例如：互联网使用的负面影响被其对教育的诸多好处所抵消：互联网有助于学生和老师更容易地获取信息、接触不同的观点，以及这是一个灵活的学习环境。