发布时间：
如果在论文中引用了《政府工作报告》中的话，是需要标注的。
参考格式如下:
[序号] 主要责任者.文献题名[R].报告地:报告会主办单位，年份:
例如：
[9]冯西桥.核反应堆压力容器的LBB分析[R].北京:清华大学核能技术设计研究院，1997:
扩展资料
参考文献类型及文献类型，根据GB3469-83《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定，以单字母方式标识：
专著M ； 报纸N ；期刊J ；专利文献P；汇编G ；古籍O；技术标准S ；
学位论文D ；科技报告R；参考工具K ；检索工具W；档案B ；录音带A ；
图表Q；唱片L；产品样本X；录相带V；会议录C；中译文T；
乐谱I； 电影片Y；手稿H；微缩胶卷U ；幻灯片Z；微缩平片F；其他E。
我们写论文中的“参考文献”又叫参考书目，根据我自己写论文的经历来看它的意思是指我们在撰写毕业论文过程中所查阅参考借鉴过的著作和报刊杂志等等一些资料，然后把它标注在在毕业论文的末尾。
一、那论文的参考文献具体是指什么呢？
二、我们在引用参考文献时需要注意什么呢？
三、我给大家讲一下参考文献格式：
1、参考文献和注释。按论文中所引用文献或注释编号的顺序列在论文正文之后，参考文献之前。图表或数据必须注明来源和出处。
[编号]、作者、文章题目、期刊名(外文可缩写)、年份、卷号、期数、页码。
[编号]、作者、书名、出版单位、年份、版次、页码。
2、附录。包括放在正文内过分冗长的公式推导，以备他人阅读方便所需的辅助性数学工具、重复性数据图表、论文使用的符号意义、单位缩写、程序全文及有关说明等。
[M]——专著,著作
[C]——论文集(一般指会议发表的论文续集，及一些专题论文集，如《xxx大学研究生学术论文集》
[N]—— 报纸文章
[J]——期刊文章：发表在期刊上的论文，尽管有时我们看到的是从网上下载的(如知网)，但它也是发表在期刊上的，你看到的电子期刊仅是其电子版
[D]——学位论文 ：不区分硕士还是博士论文
[R]——报告：一般在标题中会有"关于xxxx的报告"字样
[S]—— 标准
[P]——专利
[A]——文章：很少用，主要是不属于以上类型的文章
[Z]——对于不属于上述的文献类型，可用字 母"Z"标识，但这种情况非常少见
[DB/OL] ——联机网上数据(database online)
[DB/MT] ——磁带数据库(database on magnetic tape)
[M/CD] ——光盘图书(monograph on CDROM)
[CP/DK] ——磁盘软件(computer program on disk)
[J/OL] ——网上期刊(serial online)
[EB/OL] ——网上电子公告(electronic bulletin board online)
很显然，标识的就是该资源的英文缩写，/前面表示类型，/后面表示资源的载体，如OL表示在线资源。
四、经验总结
我们在写论文的时候，尤其是我们的毕业论文，说多了都是泪呀，这都是根据我自己当年写毕业论文的血泪史，总结出来的结论参考文献有三个好处：
”参考文献“是指在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴。征引过的文献在注释中已注明，不再出现于文后参考文献中。
按照字面的意思，参考文献是文章或著作等写作过程中参考过的文献。然而，按照GB/T 7714-2015《信息与文献 参考文献著录规则》”的定义，文后参考文献是指：“为撰写或编辑论文和著作而引用的有关文献信息资源。
根据《中国学术期刊（光盘版）检索与评价数据规范（试行）》和《中国高等学校社会科学学报编排规范（修订版）》的要求，很多刊物对参考文献和注释作出区分，将注释规定为“对正文中某一内容作进一步解释或补充说明的文字”，列于文末并与参考文献分列或置于当页脚地。
扩展资料：
书写格式：
（1）顺序编码制的具体编排方式。参考文献按照其在正文中出现的先后以阿拉伯数字连续编码，序号置于方括号内。一种文献被反复引用者，在正文中用同一序号标示。一般来说，引用一次的文献的页码在文后参考文献中列出。
格式为著作的“出版年”或期刊的“年，卷（期）”等+“：页码（或页码范围）.”。多次引用的文献，每处的页码或页码范围分别列于每处参考文献的序号标注处，置于方括号后并作上标。作为正文出现的参考文献序号后需加页码或页码范围的，该页码或页码范围也要作上标。
作者和编辑需要仔细核对顺序编码制下的参考文献序号，做到序号与其所指示的文献同文后参考文献列表一致。另外，参考文献页码或页码范围也要准确无误。
（2）参考文献类型及文献类型，根据GB3469-83《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定，以单字母方式标识：
专著M ； 报纸N ；期刊J ；专利文献P；汇编G ；古籍O；技术标准S ；
学位论文D ；科技报告R；参考工具K ；检索工具W；档案B ；录音带A ；
图表Q；唱片L；产品样本X；录相带V；会议录C；中译文T；
乐谱I； 电影片Y；手稿H；微缩胶卷U ；幻灯片Z；微缩平片F；其他E。
参考资料来源：百度百科-参考文献
1、《演讲技巧(第2版)》 苏吉·西登斯、刘芸、朱瑞博 世纪出版集团/上海人民出版社 (2006-07出版)2、《演讲态势表达技巧》 谢伦浩 石油工业出版社 (2004-01出版)3、《实用演讲技巧》康苏珊 外语教学与研究出版社 (2004-01出版)4、《商务演讲技巧》 安妮·劳斯 (.) 人民邮电出版社 (2008-08出版)5、《演讲写作技巧(第2版)》 谢伦浩 石油工业出版社 (2006-04出版)6、《向卡耐基学习演讲口才的技巧》 曾强 大众文艺出版社 (2009-11出版)7、《我的管理课堂演讲技巧课堂》 Tim Ang,姜旭平 上海交通大学出版社 (2008-01出版)8、《成功演讲技巧》 琼·戴兹、冯丁妮、马军 海南出版社 (2008-06出版)9、《成大事必备的99个演讲技巧》 盛安之 企业管理出版社 (2008-01出版)10、《卡耐基演讲说话技巧》 黎皓咏、黎皓咏 中国纺织出版社 (2003-09出版)11、《得心应口:100%的口才与演讲技巧》 汤小映、汤小映 黑龙江人民出版社 (2004-01出版)12、《大学演讲(理论与语言技巧)》 武小军 电子科技大学出版社 (2006-08出版)13、《演讲语调变化技巧》 谢伦浩 石油工业出版社14、《高效能演讲技巧:如何创作并发表赢得听众的演讲(第2版)》 罗斯·杰、安东尼·杰 经济管理出版社 (2005-11出版)15、《演讲语言技巧与实践》 唐树芝 湖南师范大学出版社 (2003-01出版)16、《实用演讲与发言技巧》 美国职业出版社、高彬 中国劳动社会保障出版社 (2003-01出版)17、《朗文名人演讲精选和技巧解析》 冯景照、蔡宇茗、林锦和 凤凰出版传媒集团,译林出版社 (2007-04出版)18、《怎样掌握演讲口才技巧》 宏森 中国民族摄影艺术出版社 (2005-04出版)19、《演讲技巧/管理技巧丛书》 欣德尔 (Hindle)、蒂姆·欣德尔著、张再兴 上海科学技术出版社 (2000-03出版)20、《领导者演讲技巧》 叶金龙 浙江人民出版社 (2001-04出版)21、《演讲的技巧》 张志雄、李文科 内蒙古出版社 (2003-10出版)22、《演讲写作技巧》 谢伦浩 石油工业出版社23、《演说文体写作技巧与艺术/中外演讲文化系列丛书》 刘建祥、刘建祥 湖南人民出版社 (2003-10出版)还有期刊文、硕士论文，需要再联系吧。
各位老师，上午好！我叫xxx，是文学院104班的学生，我的论文题目是《xxxx》。我的论文是在xxx导师的悉心建议和指导下完成的，在此我向我的导师表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对大学四年来我能够有机会聆听各位老师的教诲表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要内容向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。 首先，我想谈谈我的毕业论文设计的目的及意义。 五华客家话是客方言的一个重要组成部分。历来都有学者对客家话进行研究，成果很多，但大多是以客家话的代表点梅县话为研究对象的，对梅州市其它客家方言区的研究却很少有涉及。五华作为梅州地区的一个重要的纯客县，在语言方面有它独有的特色。本论文是以五华客家话日常生活类词语为研究对象的，在前人的研究成果上作一些分析与探讨，分别与普通话和梅县话比较的基础上揭示共性和个性，对语言中保留的一些古汉语成分和借用的外来词进行探究分析，以期更多的.人能够清楚地了解五华地区的语言面貌。 其次，我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要内容。 本篇论文共分为五个部分。 第一部分是引言。这部分主要论述本文选题的背景及意义，并且对日常生活类词语作了一个界定。 第二部分是论述五华客家话与普通话日常生活类词语差异比较。五华客家话与普通话在日常生活类词语中的差异主要体现在三个方面的差异：1、音节上的差异。主要比较五华话与普通话在日常生活类词语中相对应的单音节词、双音节词和多音节词的差异。2、构形上的差异。主要比较五华话与普通话中的日常生活类词语在构形上有什么不同，主要有词根语素部分不同、词根语素完全不同、词缀语素的差异和语序相反的词语的比较这四个方面。3、理据上的差异。主要比较五华话与普通话某些日常生活类某些词语在理据方面存在的差异。 第三部分是论述五华客家话与梅县话日常生活类词语差异比较。五华话和梅县话在日常生活类词语的差异主要体现在两个方面：1、语素的差异，主要有语素部分不同和语素完全不同这两种。2、语序的差异，主要比较的是部分词语，词义相同，语素颠倒的情况。 第四部分是论述五华客家话日常生活类词语探源。这部分为两个方面：1、古语来源，主要举例论述五华客家话中保留的一些古汉语成分的词语。2、粤语来源，客家话在发展变化过程中借用了很多外来词，其中借粤语的词语相对比较多，这里举例了部分借用粤语的词语。 第五部分是结语。主要对这篇论文作了总结和希望更多的人了解五华客家话的语言魅力。 最后，我想谈谈这篇论文系统存在的不足。这篇论文的写作过程，我虽然竭尽所能运用自己所学的知识进行论文写作，并且得到指导老师和同学们的诸多帮助，但由于我个人知识积累不足、见识浅薄、经验有限、水平不足等原因，这篇论文可能存在许多的不足之处，有待改进。请各位评委老师多批评指正，让我在今后的学习中学到更多。 谢谢！
演讲稿 也叫演讲词，它是在较为隆重的仪式上和某些公众场合发表的讲话文稿。演讲稿是人们在工作和社会生活中经常使用的一种文体。 以下是我精心收集整理的 毕业 答辩演讲稿5篇 ，下面我就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
毕业答辩演讲稿1
敬爱的老师、亲爱的同学们：
大家好!
岁月匆匆、花开花落，转瞬即逝，一转眼六年的小学生话就如云烟一般过去了，但我心中对母校还是非常的眷恋，送走了六年的小学生活，可迎来了一扇陌生的校门。
在这儿许多的往事都清清楚楚的映在我的脑海中。从一年级开学的第一天，我来到了这神秘而又陌生的校园。日子一天一天的过去，转眼间到了二年级。有一次，我和小伙伴们在操场上你追我赶，开心得不得了。没等开心，一场突如其来的伤痛在我身上发生了。是有一个同学把脚伸了出来，可当时的我还完全沉浸在游戏当中，一个没留心，就被拌倒了。可就是因为我的糊涂，我的半边脸都摔出了血，就像被毁了容。当时，在玩的小伙伴们都惊呆了，迟钝了两秒钟，才意思到我 摔跤 了。小伙伴们有人一边走，一边用纸巾擦我的脸，有的人扶着我，眼中流露出无比的关切和焦急。当时，我的眼泪一直在眼眶中打转，感动眼泪一直在往下流着。
我还记得，那一次举行运动会，我选了两个比赛项目都是跑步，可我却根本就是去捣乱的，我先跑100米的跑步比赛，我跑了最后一名，我非常气馁，可老师却来安慰我，一直在鼓励我。过了一天，又是我200米的跑步，我还是跑了最后一名，老师不但没有说我没用，还一直在勉励我，说，下一次比赛你一定会得到好成绩的。我也非常想得到好成绩，我天生就没有运动细胞，不管怎么练，也连不起来。在运动方面，我可能就是扶不起的阿斗。
再见，敬爱的母校，，在您怀抱中的往事桩桩件件，至今历历在目，那是我们记忆仓库里一颗颗流光溢彩的珍珠;在您的怀抱里，我们从无知变得懂事;在您的怀抱里，我们从幼稚变得成熟;在您的怀抱里，我们从胆小变得勇敢。亲爱的同学，请记住我们在一起的点点滴滴，日日夜夜，让我们的友情地久天长、永不磨灭。
毕业答辩演讲稿2
尊敬的各位领导，各位老师、家长朋友们，亲爱的孩子们：
大家下午好!我是六(3)班张x的妈妈，今天我非常荣幸地作为毕业生家长代表，参加戚墅堰实验小学的毕业盛典。在此，我谨代表全体学生家长，对全体老师致以崇高的敬意和最诚挚的感谢!
小学六年时间，我们欣喜地看到孩子们的一步步成长。作为一名学生家长，我衷心感谢领导和老师们的辛勤付出和精心的培育。我们每位家长都有这种感受：戚墅堰实验小学的老师们，不仅有着良好的教学水平和高尚的职业道德，更有着细腻的情怀和无私的爱心。亲爱的老师们，你们是最值得尊敬的人。
孩子们，今天你们就要毕业了，即将走出这所美丽的校园，将要飞向更广阔的天空，但无论你们今后身处何方，请你们记住：这里是你们腾飞的起点，这里是你们精神的家园，你们在这里不仅获得了人生的第一份成绩单，更获得了为人的道理：朴诚做事，诚朴做人。
孩子们，你们在母校获得的这些营养，你们将受用一辈子，将支持你们去完成更伟大的人生目标。
最后，我代表全体毕业生家长衷心祝愿：全体同学，今后能够好好学习，靠自己的努力实现自己的梦想和愿望!让母校以你们为荣!衷心祝福：学校领导和全体老师，身体健康，家庭幸福，事业兴旺!衷心希望：我们戚墅堰实验小学越办越好!
毕业答辩演讲稿3
尊敬的各位领导、老师、家长，亲爱的同学：
大家好!
今天是一个令人难忘又值得庆贺的日子，在坐的同学经过自己五年的努力圆满的完成了小学阶段的学习，即将告别金色童年，跨入新的征程。在这里，首先让我代表小学部的全体教师向你们表示衷心的祝贺。
此时此刻，望着你们一张张纯真又幸福的笑脸，我的眼前似乎又浮现出你们在校的点点滴滴。五年的时间我们携手走过，小小的教室，洒下了我们的欢笑，记下了我们拼搏的身影，铭刻了我们豪迈的誓言。我们朝夕相处，课堂上是师生，课下是朋友，彼此之间建立了深厚的师生情。回首那已经过去的五年，就好像发生在昨天，每一位老师都不会忘记：你们第一次走进漂亮整洁的宿舍，躺在舒适的小床上那兴奋的神情;你们第一次在鲜艳的国旗下戴上红领巾时庄严的模样;你们经过自己的课余学习在舞台上展示艺术才华的身影;你们用自己的勤奋回报给老师们的累累硕果：在全国举行的各类比赛中你们多次获得好成绩，为学校赢得了许许多多的赞誉!五年来在南山双语学校小学部这片沃土上，在学校领导的百般关爱和老师们的精心培育下，在各位家长的积极配合和大力支持下，你们已经成长为一名朝气蓬勃的少年。
学校不仅是你们成长的摇篮，你们在这里放飞了理想，播种了希望。但今天，你们将要告别母校，老师真诚希望大家在新的学期里开拓自己新的局面，用一颗永不言败的自信心谱写自己精彩的学习人生!电脑软件大王比尔·盖茨在接受时曾这样说过：“我成功的秘诀不是做了些什么，而是明白不做什么……”所以老师希望你们明辨是非、遵纪守法，好好把握自己的言行，做个堂堂正正的人。
雄鹰之所以在蔚蓝的天空中振翅高飞，自由翱翔，是因为他们拥有了一对历经狂风暴雨、严寒酷暑磨砺的坚硬翅膀，愿你们像雄鹰一样勇敢地高飞，去迎接更灿烂的明天，去拥抱更耀眼的太阳。
最后，愿你们用青春的绿色去酿造未来富有的金秋!
祝你们学有所成，前程似锦!
毕业答辩演讲稿4
敬爱的老师，亲爱的同学：
你们好!在这艳阳高照槐花飘香的日子里，这也是我们最后一次见面吧!两千个日子悄悄走远，但 春节 的师生友谊，同学友谊却不会因为岁月的流逝而消融。
我记得，在3年级的一节 作文 课上，老师叫我们好好观察周围的事物。过了一会儿，老师叫班长站到走廊上去，然会叫大家说出班长今天是什么打扮，同学你看看我，我看看你，就像哑巴一样，全都说不出话来，这时，老师说出了班长今天的打扮?一件黑色的上衣，天蓝色的牛仔裤，再配一双黑白相间的运动鞋。从那时起，老师就告诉我们：“写作文不仅要有写作的基础和丰富的 想象力 ，还要去认真地去观察事物，去了解事物。这样，作文才会写得根号!
再见，亲爱的的同学，我给我的最珍贵的礼物??真诚的友情，我将永远珍藏在心里。
毕业答辩演讲稿5
尊敬的各位老师、亲爱的大哥哥大姐姐、同学们：
大家好!
今天，我们欢聚一堂，共同参加六年级毕业典礼，我心潮起伏，感慨万分。六年级的哥哥、姐姐们，今天，你们已经圆满完成了小学学业，就要毕业了。首先，让我代表非毕业班的全体同学向你们表示热烈的祝贺!也皆此机会向给予我们关怀和培育的领导及全体老师表示崇高的敬意!
光阴似箭，逝者如斯夫。然而，永远也抹不去的，是你们在学校生活的点点滴滴。你们勤奋学习、刻苦钻研、学到了扎实的 文化 知识。早上，朗朗的读书声传遍整个校园;教室里，我们认真认认真真地聆听老师精彩的讲课;课堂上，我们在知识的海洋里尽情遨游;操场上，我们热情奔放，尽情挥洒着汗水……这一切，将永远成为我们最美好的回忆。
你们就要踏上新的征程，在此，我代表全体在校生，送给你们一句话：生命的价值在于学习，理想的实现在于拼搏，美好的未来要靠自己创造!祝愿你们在新的天地里充分施展自己的才华，争取早日成为栋梁之才!
尊敬的老师，亲爱的同学，既然分别不可避免，那就让我们把满怀的思念，托付给明天，让我们每位同学，将来成材后，在社会这个更广阔天地里，享受再次相逢的喜悦吧!
谢谢大家!
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我觉得发言稿语气和用词不用那么太激昂，而演讲稿则不同于此，要有语气，有时要铿锵有力的讲。这便是我的认为，望采纳哦
讲稿(yǎn jiǎng gǎo) 演讲稿是一种实用性比较强的文体。是为演讲准备的书面材料。 那么，什么是演讲呢？演讲是在公众面前就某一问题发表自己的见解的口头语言活动它的特点是：第一，它是在人与人之间进行的；第二，它有一定的时间性；第三，它是为了阐述某一问题或整理而开展的；第四，它带有一定的鼓动性和说服性。像演讲比赛、典礼致辞、会议发言、学术讲座、科研报告、竞选演说、就职演说、法庭陈述等，都带有演讲的性质。演讲稿是演讲用的文稿，也是演讲的依据。它是为演讲服务的，是体现在书面上的讲话材料。演讲有内容、目的的不同，演讲稿也具有不同的形态，有报导、有说明、有论辩、有答谢等。
发言稿和演讲稿只有一点不同，如下：
1、仅仅是两者的作用不大相同，演讲稿它是在较为隆重的仪式上和某些公众场所发表的讲话文稿。发言稿是参加会议者为了在会议上表达自己意见、看法或汇报思想、工作情况而事先准备好的文稿。
演讲稿像议论文一样论点鲜明、逻辑性强、富有特点，但它又不是一般的议论文。它是一种带有宣传性和鼓动性的应用文体，经常使用各种修辞手法和艺术手法，具有较强的感染力。
扩展资料：
发言稿的技巧：
写发言稿和演讲稿相似，写发言稿时，要注意三点：
1、观点要鲜明。对问题持什么看法，要明确表态。对尚未认识清楚的问题，要实事求是的说明; 如果是汇报性的发言，要中心明确，重点突出，不必面面俱到。
2、条理清楚。一篇发言稿要谈几方面的问题，每一方面问题要讲哪些条目。都要安排得有条有理，让人听起来容易抓住重点。
3、语言简洁明快。发言要直接面向听众，所以，发言的语言一定要简洁明快，尽量不使用啰嗦的句子，更不要使用一些深奥的词句，最好运用大众语言。
就是站在台子上面对很多人发言时的书面稿开头向大家问好中间像是议论文，发表你自己的观点结尾号召一下，说点有煽动性的东西
毕业论文参考文献格式如下：
1、参考文献与正文相对应。
2、所有汉语著作名，文章名，论文名等都不用书名号，且不用斜体。
3、汉语两个以上的作者名字中间用“、”隔开，英语的用“﹠”连接。
4、所有的标点符号均为英文输入状态下的标点。
5、英语作者所有的名都只取首字母，姓用全名。
6、英语多个作者，除了第一个是姓前名后，其余的`都是正常顺序，明前姓后。
7、英语期刊内文章名，论文集内论文名等都不用斜体，且仅仅首单词首字母大写，期刊名，论文集名要斜体大写。
参考文献需要注意以下6点
1.参考文献的著录格式应选择著者-年制。该种格式具有简单明了的对应关系，文献作者、出版年份等均一目了然。
2.为遵照著作权法，应当列出全部的文献作者。当前常用的GB/T 7714-2015 格式要求列出的文献作者不得超出3人，若作者人数超过3人，在列出前3位之后添加“等”或“et al.”即可。
3.若引用的西文文献中存在华人作者，应当对其姓与名均进行全拼处理。
4.参考文献的起止页码与卷号之间，一律使用冒号隔开。
5.引用的参考文献要具有选择性，切忌堆砌过多的参考文献。
6.注意区别参考文献的年份，尽量少引用陈旧文献。
参考文献的格式标注方法：1.学仿喊祥术期刊文献［序号］作者．文献题名[J]．刊名,出版年份,卷号(期号)：起-止页码2.学术著作［序号］作者．书名[M]．版次(首次免注).翻译者.出版地:出版社, 出版年: 起-止页码3.有ISBN号的论文集［序号］作者备搏．题名[A].主编．论文集名备搏[C]．罩基出版地：出版社,出版年：起-止页码4.学位论文［序号］作者．题名[D]．保存地：保存单位,年份5.专利渗肆文献［仿喊祥序号］专利所有者．专利题名[P]．专利国别：专利号,发布日期6.技术标准[序号］标准代号,标准名称[S]．出版地：出版者,出版年7.报纸文章[序号］作者．题名[N]．报纸名,出版日期(版次)8.报告［序号］作者．文献题名[R]．报告地：报告会主办单位,年份9.电子文献［序号］作者．电子文献题名[文献类型/载体类型]．文献网址或出处,发表或更新日期/引用渗肆日期(任选)
写法如下：
一、[序号]期刊作者。题名[J]。刊名。出版年，卷(期):起止页码。
二、[序号]专著作者。书名[M]。版次(第一版可略)。出版地：出版社，出版年∶起止页码。
三、[序号]论文集作者。题名〔C〕。编者。论文集名。出版地∶出版社，出版年∶起止页码。
四、[序号]学位论文作者。题名〔D〕。保存地点：保存单位，年份。
五、[序号]专利所有者。专利文献题名〔P〕。国别：专利号。发布日期。
六、[序号]标准编号，标准名称〔S〕。出版地：出版者，出版年。
七、[序号]报纸作者。题名〔N〕。报纸名，出版日期(版次)。
八、[序号]报告作者。题名〔R〕。报告地：报告会主办单位,年份。
九、[序号]电子文献作者。题名〔电子文献及载体类型标识〕。文献出处，日期。
期刊作者．题名［J].刊名，出版年份，起止页码，自己参考。
英文的演讲稿篇一 ：英文论文演讲稿
1、hello everyone！
today i will introduce you a paper, which is called “effects of corporate governance on capital structure: empirical evidence from pakistan “
2、i will use the following four parts to introduce
3、i got this paper from the emerald reprints the world’s leading publisher of management research and the type of the paper is research paper
纳迪姆阿麦的sheke
4、then we can have a simple knowledge of the two authors:nadeem ahmed sheikh and 王宗军 one is a doctoral degree candidate in the school of management, hua zhong university of science and technology, wuhan .the other is a professor in this college
5. about the paper’s outline
firstly the aim of this empirical study is to investigate whether corporate governance attributes affect capital structure choices of pakistani firms
then the design of the paper is multiple regression analysis
6、in order to have a good knowledge of the paper we can from the following three aspects to
the attributes of the corporate governance are background also includes ：measures of corporate governance and their relation to capital structure
8、research design
firstly methodology：it includes three aspects: data variables and methodology date: this study investigates the significant corporate governance attributes that may affect the capital structure of non-financial firms listed on the karachi stock exchange pakistan during 2004-2008. and the final sample set consists of 775 observations for 155 firms over a period of five years.
this study employed panel data methodology(面板数据方式) because sample contained data across firms and over time
9、this table is the definition of variables. it includes three parts:
10. dependent variables consist of total debt ratio and long-term debt ratio. this is a basic formula.
12、this table is the yearly mean value of shareholding pattern
13、here are some of regression analysis tables, through the multiple regression analysis the paper gives the conclusions
14、the results is as follows:
capital structure is positively related to board size、outside directors and ownership concentration. that is to say: a large board serve as a means to obtain support from external environment;
boards with more independent directors can take on more debt on favorable terms due to effective monitoring ;
block holders have more ability than dispersed shareholders to force management to take those actions that maximize the shareholder wealth.
15、on the other hand, capital structure is negative related to managerial ownership、director remuneration 、profitability and liquidity.
16、in the end, i have a summary:
the results of the paper indicate that corporate governance attributes, in part, explicate the financing behavior of pakistani firms
and, the empirical results of this study provide support to corporate managers in establishing an optimal capital structure, and to regulatory authorities for enacting laws and developing institutional support to make corporate governance mechanisms work more effectively in the country.
17、thats all, thank you for listen to me, if you are interested in this paper you can have a study after class
thank you !
篇二：英语论文演讲稿
my paper is revenge tragedy in english renaissance——about 《hamlet》 ppt1:.... ppt2:....
ppt3:....
ppt4:next, let`s analyse the relationship between the characters in the drama. this is a relationship diagram.
hamlet ,the prince of denmark and also the protagonist(主角、主要人物、领导者）was about thirty years old at the start of the play. hamlet is the son of queen gertrude and the late king hamlet, and the nephew of the present king, claudius. hamlet is melancholy, bitter, and cynical, full of hatred for his uncle’s scheming and disgust for his mother’s sexuality. a reflective and thoughtful young man who has studied at the university of wittenberg, hamlet is often indecisive and hesitant, but at other times prone to rash and impulsive acts.
哈姆雷特 prince hamlet —— 丹麦王子。为父王的鬼魂所困扰，要对杀父凶手复仇。经历了痛苦的挣扎之后他达成了目的，整个王宫也陷入了死亡的恐怖之中。他最后也中了致命的毒剑死去。
claudius, as the king of denmark, hamlet’s uncle and the villain（反派角色） of the play, was a calculating, ambitious politician,and was driven by his sexual appetites and his lust for power, but he occasionally showed signs of guilt and human feeling—his love for gertrude, for instance, seems sincere.
克劳迪斯 claudius —— 丹麦现任国王。他是哈姆雷特的叔父，在哥哥死后继任了王位。老国王的鬼魂告诉哈姆雷特，他正是谋杀自己的凶手。他罪有应得，最后死在侄子复仇的毒剑下。
鬼魂 king hamlet (ghost) —— 哈姆雷特的父亲死后化成的鬼魂。他被弟弟毒死时，哈姆雷特正在国外。
ophelia - polonius’s daughter, a beautiful young woman with whom hamlet has been in love. ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her brother, laertes. dependent on men to tell her how to behave, she gives in to polonius’s schemes（诡计） to spy（侦察） on hamlet. even in her lapse into（陷入） madness and death, she remains maiden, singing songs about flowers and finally drowning in the river。
欧菲莉 ophelia—— 波洛涅斯的女儿。她与哈姆雷特双双陷入爱河，但种种阻力警告王子，政治地位使他们无望结合。作为哈姆雷特疯狂复仇计划的一部分，她被他无情抛弃，加上父亲的死让她陷入精神错乱，最终失足落水溺毙。
ppt6: then let`s look at the character analysis of hamlet. hamlet pretended to be mad in order to revenge. he also use his intelligence to approve his uncle`s guilt.
when hamlet confirmed that claudius was guilt, he decided to revenge without fear. then he also use stratagem to make himself avoid being killed. all of these approved that he was brave and smart.
ppt7: he pursued ophelia and finally gave up because of the revenge. before he was fight with laertes, he said sorry to him. this indicates he was guilt and sorry for laertes because it was he that made laertes lose his father. these approved that he was a kind and sincere man.
ppt8:.....
ppt9: when we read the play, we can also easily feel the dilemma. just like the words “to be or not to be-that is the question”
ppt10:.....
ppt11:......
篇三：如何写好英文演讲稿
从很多方面来说，写演讲稿就像写论文，但演讲稿却没有像论文那般特别注重单词的拼写与标点的错误。写演讲稿的时候，不要用一些发音不顺畅或是你不明白意思的单词，因为会导致你的演讲不够流畅。
instructions 说明
how much time your speech should take. if you dont have a time limit, try to keep your speech brief yet informative.
估算自己演讲所需的时间。如果没有演讲上的时间限制，就尽量让你的演讲篇幅简短且内容丰富。
about your audience and let your perception of the audience shape the tone of your speech as you write it.
站在听众的角度多想想，当你撰写演讲稿时，你要让观众也能在演讲稿中切身体会你的演讲魅力。
with an introduction that establishes who you are, what your purpose is, what youll be talking about and how long youre going to take. you may want to include a joke, anecdote or interesting fact to grab the audiences attention.
先介绍自己，以表述演讲目的、演讲主题和演讲时长作为开端。在这段话中，你要说一个笑话、奇闻奇事或趣事来直接引起听众的`注意。
your information into three to seven main points and prioritize them according to importance and effectiveness.
用3-7条大纲组织演讲内容信息，并根据重要性和有效性分清要点主次。
5. points that arent crucial to your speech if you have too many for your time frame.
假如时间不允许，你可以删减一些演讲中不重要的点。
with your most important point, then go to your least important point and move slowly back toward the most important. for example, if you have five points with no. 5 being the most important and no. 1 being the least important, your presentation order would be
5-1-2-3-4. 从最重要的一点开始你的演讲，之后到次重要点，然后再慢慢回到最重要点上。例如，你的演讲稿中有5点要讲，第5点是其中的重中之重，而第1点是次重要点，你的演
讲顺序应为：51234。
support to each point using statistics, facts, examples, anecdotes, quotations or other supporting material.
借助图表、事实、例子、奇闻轶事、引文与其它材料作为演讲点的支撑部分。
your introduction, points and conclusions together with smooth transitions. 引言、演讲要点和结论连贯顺承地串在一起。
a conclusion that summarizes each of your points, restates your main purpose and leaves the audience with a lasting impression.用结论总结所有演讲点，重申主题，让观众留下最后的深刻印象。
英文的演讲稿篇四：三分钟英语励志演讲稿
Good afternoon ，ladies and gentlemen！
I'm very honored to stand here and give you a short speech! To begin with ,I want to ask a question .Does everybody dream a good dream last night?
Actually ,today I want to talk about dream with you. Of course, What I want to talk is not a dream you have last night,but a dream—— about life.
Everyone has dreams about life, different dreams at different life stage,and we need dreams to support us. Dreams are like the stars we never reach in the sky,but like most mariners（水手）,we can chart our course by them. With the dream,we have a direction,with a direction, we were no longer the dream, there is hope,With hope, we have the strength to fight.
But I know，life is tough,and there are always ups and downs, maybe we fail in the way to our aims,and we may feel depressed ,whenever at this time, the dream in our heart can always comfort us, encourage us ,and support us to move ahead . Young!Fortunately, I am young now. Just due to it, I know that nothing is firmly believe that nothing can stand in my way. If
I can't realize my dream,it result from that I haven't work harder enough and I won't find other excuses. If no people believe you, you can make it to prove that you are right. If you think the god haven't blessed you and there is no truth here, you can become the god and create the truth.
"My breath swallows the sky and make the yellow river overflow, my sword is famous in Kyushu and it can collapse the five sacred mountains." At some time in the past I also had am bitious words and I had some achievements. Each achievement results from my hard work. I always believe that "If you want to have more achievements than others, you must work harder."
In some extent, the dream is the hope. If you can insist on doing something, the victory will come.
Hold fast to dreams, for if dreams die, life is a broken-winged bird that cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams, for when dreams go, life is a barren field frozen with snow. So my dear friends, think of your old and maybe dead dreams. Whatever it is, pick it up and make it alive from today. Let's--- move ----out! Thank you for your listening!
演讲稿的格式由称谓、开场白、主干、结尾等几部分组成。在我们平凡的日常里，演讲稿使用的情况越来越多，那么一般演讲稿是怎么写的呢？下面是我精心整理的关于英语演讲稿，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
各位——、女士们、先生们、同志们、朋友们：
大家好！一元复始、万象更新。在这新春佳节即将到来之际，我们在这里欢聚一堂，共叙友情，喜庆佳节。首先，我谨代表——向全体——并通过你们向各位家属，向支持关心我市博物馆建设与发展各界人士致以节日的祝贺和亲切的慰问。祝你们新年大吉，万事如意！
一、春节的来历：
春节，是农历的岁首，春节的另一名称叫过年，是中国最盛大、最热闹、最重要的一个古老传统节日，也是中国人所独有的节日。是中华文明最集中的表现。自西汉以来，春节的习俗一直延续到今天。春节一般指除夕和正月初一。但在民间，传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三或二十四的祭灶，一直到正月十五，其中以除夕和正月初一为高潮。如何过庆贺这个节日，在千百年的历史发展中，形成了一些较为固定的风俗习惯，有许多还相传至今。在春节这一传统节日期间，我国的汉族和大多数少数民族都有要举行各种庆祝活动，这些活动大多以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容。活动形式丰富多彩，带有浓郁的民族特色。 春节的来历有一种传说，中国古时候有一种叫“年”的怪兽，头长触角，凶猛异常。“年”长年深居海底，每到除夕才爬上岸，吞食牲畜伤害人命。因此，每到除夕这天，村村寨寨的人们扶老携幼逃往深山，以躲避“年”兽的伤害。有一年除夕，从村外来了个乞讨的老人。乡亲们一片匆忙恐慌景象，只有村东头一位老婆婆给了老人些食物，并劝他快上山躲避“年”兽，那老人笑道：“婆婆若让我在家呆一夜，我一
定把?年?兽撵走。”老婆婆仍然继续劝说，乞讨老人笑而不语。 半夜时分，“年”兽闯进村。它发现村里气氛与往年不同：村东头老婆婆家，门贴大红纸，屋内烛火通明。“年”兽浑身一抖，怪叫了一声。将近门口时，院内突然传来“砰砰啪啪”的炸响声，“年”浑身战栗，再不敢往前凑了。原来，“年”最怕红色、火光和炸响。这时，婆婆的家门大开，只见院内一位身披红袍的老人在哈哈大笑。“年”大惊失色，狼狈逃蹿了。第二天是正月初一，避难回来的人们见村里安然无恙十分惊奇。这时，老婆婆才恍然大悟，赶忙向乡亲们述说了乞讨老人的许诺。这件事很快在周围村里传开了，人们都知道了驱赶“年”兽的办法。从此每年除夕，家家贴红对联、燃放爆竹；户户烛火通明、守更待岁。初一一大早，还要走亲串友道喜问好。这风俗越传越广，成了中国民间最隆重的传统节日。
二、春节的习俗
1、腊月二十三 祭灶
我国春节，一般是从祭灶揭开序幕的。祭灶，是一项在我国民间影响很大、流传极广的习俗。旧时，差不多家家灶间都设有“灶王爷”神位。
2、腊月二十四 扫尘
“腊月二十四，掸尘扫房子” ，据《吕氏春秋》记载，我国在尧舜时代就有春节扫尘的风俗。按民间的说法：因“尘”与“陈”谐音，新春扫尘有“除陈布新”的涵义，其用意是要把一切穷运、晦气统统扫出门。这一习俗寄托着人们破旧立新的愿望和辞旧迎新的祈求。 每逢春节来临，家家户户都要打扫环境，清洗各种器具，拆洗被褥窗帘，洒扫
六闾庭院，掸拂尘垢蛛网，疏浚明渠暗沟。到处洋溢着欢欢喜喜搞卫生、干干净净迎新春的欢乐气氛。
3、腊月二十五 接玉皇
旧俗认为灶神上天后，天帝玉皇于农历十二月二十五日亲自下界,查察人间善恶，并定来年祸福，所以家家祭之以祈福，称为“接玉皇”。这一天起居、言语都要谨慎，争取好表现，以博取玉皇欢心，降福来年。
4、腊月二十七、二十八 洗浴
传统民俗中在这两天要集中地洗澡、洗衣，除去一年的晦气，准备迎接来年的新春，京城有"二十七洗疚疾，二十八洗邋遢"的谚语。腊月二十六洗浴为“洗福禄”。
5、腊月三十除夕 贴门神、贴春联、守岁、爆竹、吃年夜饭、给压岁钱、祭祖
除夕的意思是“月穷岁尽”，人们都要除旧部新，有旧岁至此而除，来年另换新岁的意思，是农历全年最后的一个晚上。故此期间的活动都围绕着除旧部新，消灾祈福为中心。
春联、贴福字、贴窗花、贴年画、贴挂千。这些都具有祈福、装点居所的民俗功能。反映了人民大众的风俗和信仰，寄托着人们对未来的希望。
守岁，我国民间在除夕有守岁的习惯，俗名“熬年”。守岁从吃年夜饭开始，这顿年夜饭要慢慢地吃，从掌灯时分入席，有的人家一直要吃到深夜。守岁的习俗，既有对如水逝去的岁月含惜别留恋之情，又有
对来临的新年寄以美好希望之意。
爆竹，中国民间有“开门爆竹”一说。即在新的一年到来之际，家家户户开门的第一件事就是燃放爆竹，以哔哔叭叭的爆竹声除旧迎新。爆竹是中国特产，其起源很早，至今已有两千多年的历史。放爆竹可以创造出喜庆热闹的气氛，是节日的一种娱乐活动，可以给人们带来欢愉和吉利。王安石的《元日》诗：
爆竹声中一岁除，
春风送暖人屠苏。
千门万户曈曈日。
总把新桃换旧符。
描绘了我国人民欢度春节盛大的喜庆情景。
在古代的农业社会里，大约自腊月初八以后，家庭主妇们就要忙着张罗过年的食品了。因为腌制腊味所需的时间较长，所以必须尽早准备，蒸年糕，年糕因为谐音“年高”，再加上有着变化多端的口味，几乎成了家家必备的应景食品。年糕的式样有方块状的黄、白年糕，象征着黄金、白银，寄寓新年发财的意思。年糕的口味因地而异。
饺子，北方年夜饭有吃饺子的传统，但各地吃饺子的习俗亦不相同，有的地方除夕之夜吃饺子，有的地方初一吃饺子，吃饺子是表达人们辞旧迎新之际祈福求吉愿望的特有方式。饺子就意味着更岁交子，过春节吃饺子被认为是大吉大利。另外饺子形状像元宝，包饺子意味着包住福运，吃饺子象征生活富裕。
吃年夜饭，也叫团圆夜，离家在外的游子都要不远千里万里赶回家来
是春节家家户户最热闹愉快的时候。大年夜．丰盛的年菜摆满一桌，围坐桌旁，共吃团圆饭，心头的充实感真是难以言喻。
给压岁钱，压岁钱是由长辈发给晚辈的，有的家里是吃完年夜饭后，人人坐在桌旁不许走，等大家都吃完了，由长辈发给晚辈，并勉励儿孙在在新的一年里学习长进，好好做人。
6、正月初一 拜年
春节早晨，开门大吉，先放爆竹，叫做“开门炮仗”。爆竹声后，碎红满地，灿若云锦，称为“满堂红”。这时满街瑞气，喜气洋洋。 春节里的一项重要活动，是到新朋好友家和邻那里祝贺新春，旧称拜年。新年的初一，人们都早早起来，穿上最漂亮的衣服，打扮得整整齐齐，出门去走亲访友，相互拜年，恭祝来年大吉大利。拜年的`方式多种多样，有的是同族长带领若干人挨家挨户地拜年；有的是同事相邀几个人去拜年；也有大家聚在一起相互祝贺，称为“团拜”。由于登门拜年费时费力，后来一些上层人物和士大夫便使用各贴相互投贺，由此发展出来后来的“贺年片”。春节拜年时，晚辈要先给长辈拜年，祝长辈人长寿安康，长辈可将事先准备好的压岁钱分给晚辈，据说压岁钱可以压住邪祟，因为“岁”与“祟”谐音，晚辈得到压岁钱就可以平平安安度过一岁。
7、舞龙
舞龙，又名「耍龙灯」、「龙灯舞」，是汉民族传统的舞蹈形式之一。每逢喜庆节日，各地都有舞龙的习俗。
舞龙起源于汉代，经历代而不衰。舞龙最初是作为祭祀祖先、祈求甘
亲爱的先生/女士，
我问是你学校的教学方法和你是好学生在这方面知名。
我一直在北京任教的中学三年英语。我永远不会厌倦了我的工作或我的学生。我喜欢在有趣的经验教训作出了很多更有趣，使枯燥和教训少一些。所以我一直对如何改善我的教学激烈，通过阅读努南，哈珀和威多森和参加外国教师讲课。
我明白，良好的英语老师就是一个很好的演讲者和作家。这就是为什么我做了很多工作，以提高我的耳朵和舌头和手所有的时间。我从来没有一天不通过后，英国广播公司说。我说在大多数情况下日常英语。到了晚上，当我喜欢我的退休和隐私，我的座位在自己的电脑前，开始写我的日记。我从来没有用完的东西或条件，但无可否认，有时短的时间。这非常有趣使用电脑写作，这必将冲击肖和莎士比亚。
我会阅读有关英语教学，或英语教学重要的书籍，正与所有重要的思想和人的朋友。当然，我会写一些论文，被公布与否。这将是我的荣幸能在老师的研究项目1宗。我知道这是可能的。
你的诚然，
简奥斯汀
Good morning,dear teacher and my friends.
it’s a very intresting topic today.
i think my dad was a hero for me when i was a young child. we'd go fishing, walks, and other fun things for a kid.
every child has a good and great father, and so do i. my dad played a very important role in my daily life`````exactly speaking, in my past 16 years.
my father always stands in the center of my life， from past till now and possibly in the future.
my family was rather poor when i was in my childhood. we didn't have our own house and had to live in a shabby， small room rented from my father's factory. the room was so small that there was little space for people to walk. i didn't have my own bed and had to sleep with my parents. this is terrible both for my parents and me.
but father made this all different!he works very hard on his own business, now we have our own 2 housese,surly,i have my own he take our family so much happiness, richer and richer.
when i was little, i did everything with my dad. you could always find me sitting on his knee or walking and doing everything with him. every night he would read me a bed time story and make the voices of each character.
i learnt a lot from my daddy. i learnt to never take things to seriously and to always smile.
like many other fathers, my dad and i also has generation gap. he is not good at or even can’t work the computer. so when i sitting at the computer desk,he will say something like ‘you should pay more attention to your study’, ‘don’t waste time on the computer games’ , ‘it will be bad for your eyes’ and so on. how can i- a computer fan – reduce time on computer? so i continue studying and playing on it
years pasted, my father is over 45 now. it is time for me to look after him and i am sure i will do and we will live an even better life. and i will say,i really love you dad,cause you are the hero in my mind.
thank you so much!
honorable judges, ladies and gentlemen, good morning.
first of all, let me take this chance to present to you a set of data that i hope won't bore you since the source is china daily.
china's tourism revenue last year reached 500 billion rmb, an increase of percent from the year before, and comprised more than 5% of china's gdp. according to experts, this number will grow to 8% in the coming ten years and more than 40 million jobs will be created.
as a student majoring in economics, i can't be more sensitive to the essential meanings behind these numbers. they mean progress, prosperity, employment and stability.
however, as a conscientious chinese and citizen of the world, i can't help but care more about the losses incurred in this transaction, by which i mean the disturbing images of environmental destruction, which leads to ecological crisis. the global environment has changed for the worse during the past few years, and tourism is partly to blame. take china for example, in order to attract tourists, many unknown places are built into resorts. forests are cleared, prairies trampled, rivers and lakes 6)contaminated, wild animals are driven away, plants jeopardized and secluded populations disturbed.
if this seems too remote and abstract, my own traveling experience may speak louder here. last year i took a tour around emei mountain in sichuan province. like most tourists, i was eager to embrace nature and enjoy its beauty. however, as soon as i got on the bus, the stench of gasoline and the noise of the engine tainted my appreciation of the wonderful scenery and the tranquility of the country road. when we finally arrived, what i saw was not a beautiful landscape but crowds of people; what i heard was not the melodious singing of birds, but yelling and bargaining from the gift shops; what i smelled was not the fresh mountain air, but stinking suffocating smoke coming out of small dirty restaurants. moreover, i could not understand why the lovely monkeys living there had to take photos with tourists all day; why the beautiful butterflies and flowers had become lifeless samples in shop windows; why the strongest impressions i had was trash scattered everywhere on the ground.
however, this is not the end of the story. before i left emei, i met a group of kids in an ecotourism program with the slogan: “experiencing, learning and protecting.” when i saw their young hands picking up trash from the ground, when i felt their enjoyment and harmonious relationship with the animals, when i found their purest eyes filled with passion and love for nature, i realized to my great satisfaction that there doesn't have to be a tradeoff between tourism and ecology, because deep within us is an inclination toward natural beauty and a desire to protect it. yes, environmental problems will eventually ease with the advancement of science and technology and improvement of our management system. however, an increase of ecological education and hands-on environmental involvement of our fellow citizens will do even better. to realize this, the best way for us lies in tourism itself because nothing other than nature can teach us how to love and cherish our sweetest home. at the end of my speech, please let me quote bob dylan:
how many roads must a man walk down before you call him a man?
how many times must a man look up before he can see the sky?
how many years can a mountain exist before it's washed to the sea?
the answer, my friend, is not in the wind-the answer is ours! thank you!
Go round Chinese dream Fuxing Road
As night fell, looking at the night sky, the stars. If every star represents every dream. Then the sky and stars represent the Chinese dream. A vivid dreamwoven into a colorful Chinese dream.
In the sky there is a experienced the vicissitudes of stars, it is the up and down five thousand years of history. From the creation of the world to ourhappiness, Pangu now happy life. Chinese dream through every day and night, flowing through every Chinese heart. No matter how difficult, or there will be after the vicissitudes of bright smile. All are past and gone! For truly great men look to this age alone. Collection time flows through it every China dream,war in the world, made life dream.
There is a shining star in the sky, that is the successful Olympic, Shi Bo, the Shenzhou ten launch China story. When the applause sounded a thunderous,when the beam eyes to China time. I know, at that time. China light emitting in every corner of the world. China dream continues, I dream of sight is still persistent, silently offer yourself a little power. This is a dream, a dream calledChina, one by each Chinese deep call dream. Every struggle figure I carefullyangle upward medals, listening to every sound near the China dream voice,and won the running time of honor, raised her hand to salute, shouting outtheir Chinese dream.
There is a bright star in the sky, that is my dream. My dream is to become an astronomer to space exploration. Morning, I looked at the sun. The fiery red sun hanging high in the sky. "Why does the sun is red?" Suddenly, a problemhowever adorable, I want to have a rocket to send me the sun, let the Sun toldme the answer! At night, I looked at the mysterious night sky, the stars with,bringing a moonlight fell on the ground, is so charming! Suddenly, the initiation of another question, "why do the stars shine? Why does the moon will shine?" I want to have a rocket to send me to the moon, let the moon to tell me the answer! In order to realize my dream, I will work hard, hard, hard again!
In the spread of the night, I stand on the ground, watching rich, strong and prosperous country. With a strong, a glory, a vicissitudes of life, a Chinadream, to create a better future.
Chinese dream, is my dream, it is everyone's dream!
一口流利的英语会给别人一个好印象，一起看看大学 英语 演讲稿 5篇，欢迎查阅!
大学英语演讲稿1
life is composed of complex things and emotions, but sometimes a good life attitude can change a lot, showing a different world for everyone. we all know that taking the college entrance examination is one of the most important things for a person’s whole life. of course, high school students will under great pressure. so, how to treat it properly before and after the exam is very important. my opinions are as following.
生活有各种复杂的事情以及情感构造而成，然而有时候良好的生活态度可以有很大的改变，为我们展示了一个不一样的世界。众所周知参加高考是每个人一生中最重要的事情之一。当然，高中生肯定得承受很大的压力。所以，如何在考前以及考后看待这个考试是很重要的。我的观点如下。
first of all, keeping a good life attitude is helpful for college entrance exam. as everyone regards it as so important and students themselves also put so much effort on it, they are surely stressful when it is coming. some cannot fall asleep, some cannot think, and some cannot memorize things well because they are too nervous. as a result, they may not perform well in the exam. however, if they can keep a usual mind, they maybe at their best to get a good mark.
首先，保持良好的生活态度有助于高考。因为每个人都把高考看得那么重要，而且学生本身也为此付出了很大努力，当高考即将来临时他们肯定会压力山大。由于过于紧张，有人会失眠，有人会脑子一片空白，还有人会记不住知识。所以，他们在考试中可能会表现失常。但是，如果他们可以保持良好的生活态度，他们就有可能处他们的状态，从而取得好成绩。
in addition, after the high school entrance examination, keeping a good lift attitude is very important. having experienced so stressful study for a long time, some students start to indulge themselves. some may be very lazy and some may do some crazy things to relax. however, it turns out that their behavior will ruin themselves at last. if they have a good life attitude, they would relax themselves in a proper way not excessive.
而且，高考之后保持良好的心态也是很重要的。在长期经历高压学习后，有些学生会开始堕落。有些可能会很懒，或者做一些疯狂的事来放松自我。然而，他们的这些行为最终有可能会毁了他们。如果他们能保持良好的生活态度，他们就会正确的放松而不是过度。
in a word, keeping a good life attitude is significant and helpful in everyone’s whole life.
总之，保持良好的生活态度在每个人的一生中都是很重要，也是很有帮助的。
大学英语演讲稿2
in order to get high marks, some students figure out all the ways, the worse situation is to plagiarize other student’s hard-working. plagiarism is a big mistake, the teachers are always emphasizing it, but the lazy students go against the rule, they want to pass assessment easily. these students should be shameful about themselves.
on the one hand, plagiarizing means the lack of respect of other students’ hard-working. students need to spend many hours and put a lot of effort to finish the paper; the outcome means their wisdom and paid, just as the old saying, “no pain, no gain”. while the lazy students destroy other students’ effort, they just get the job done without their own thinking; they can even get the more high marks. this is very unfair; every student should finish the task in their own wisdom, showing respect to each other.
on the other hand, the students who are used to plagiarism will end up hurting themselves. if the students’ such behavior is found by others, they will get bad record in their files, which means they will have problem on trust issues, it is hard for them to find a job. if they are lucky to not be found, they still learn nothing, they lack of ability.
in conclusion, plagiarism is a shameful behavior; students should learn things by their own minds.
为了得到高分，一些学生找到一切门路，最坏的情形是剽窃其他同学的辛勤劳动成果。剽窃是很严重的错误，老师总是强调这点，但是懒惰的学生总是违反这个规则，他们想要轻易地通过评估。这样的学生应该为自己感到羞愧。
一方面，剽窃意味着对其他学生劳动成果的不尊重。学生需要花费很多时间和精力来完成论文，成果意味着他们的智慧和付出，就像古语有云，没有付出，就没有收获。然而懒惰的学生破坏了其他学生的劳动，他们完成工作不费吹灰之力，甚至还能拿到更高的分数。这是很不公平的，每个学生都应该用自己的智慧来完成任务，尊敬彼此。
另一方面，习惯剽窃的学生最终会伤害自己。如果学生的剽窃行为被别人发现，他们的档案上就会有不良记录，这意味着他们在诚信上有问题，很难找到工作。如果他们幸运不被发现，他们也没有学到东西，缺乏能力。
总的来说，剽窃是可耻的行为，学生应该用自己的脑子来学习东西。
大学英语演讲稿3
on my birthday two years ago, many special things happened on me. and i would remember them forever.
that morning, i rode my bike to school happily as usual. on my way to the
classroom, i saw some of my classmates. but when they saw me, they rushed away. that made me confused. because they would talk to me or play jokes on me before. but it was strange today.
when i came into the classroom, i found the atmosphere was quite strange.
everybody looked at me and laughed loudly. suddenly they all said in good order,“happy birthday to you!” then they began to sing “happy birthday to you——” that made me moved. i never told anyone about my birthday, how did they know? i believed they must have done a lot of things. at that moment, i found nothing to say but thanks instead!
after school, a thing coming as a surprise happened on me on my way back home. when i was riding suddenly a crowed of people rushed out to stopped my recogized them at once. they were my senior classmates. they all comlained to me,“why don't you tell us about your birthday? don't you fear that we will let you stand treat? this time you owe us.” then each of them gave a gift and a card with best wishes to me. i was deeply moved again. i suggested having a dinner together. but they all refused because of the time. then they left me saying we would ask you to pay us another day!
when i got back home, i thought of everything happened today. suddenly i felt so happy because i had such great friends around me. i thanked them from the bottom of my heart. i would value the precious friendship forever!
i have so many feelings through that special day. the only rose without thorns in the world is friendship. a true friend is someone who reaches for your hand and touches your heart. truly great friends are hard to find, difficult to leave, and impossible to forget. one friend in a lifetime is much, two are many, three are hardly possible. stick to make friends, for life without friends is like life on a desert island. to find one real friend in a lifetime is good fortune, to keep him is a blessing.
thank you for your attention!
大学英语演讲稿4
Good evening , ladies and gentlemen .
Iam joy and glad to give you a speech about stress , yes , just the topic you see on the screen.
psychologist tell us that stress is a state of worry caused by the problem of living , such as too much work or study , heavy responsibilities , and quickened pace of life .statistics show that stress comes from every detail in our life . financial problems , poor health , being laid off may be the stress that most adults now suffering . as students in the university , we are also under our special stress . while study , having to take various tests and submit a project against a deadline may put a great pressure on us . and the things make us felt stressed may be our parents’s greater expectations on us than we could reach . later , when we are likely to graduate , some other problems will also annoy us . i think we will worry a lot about our ability to compete in the job market and how we can best use what we’ve learned at college in our future job .
the chief problem we should face to is our atitude towards stress .people usually say they can not live in the sun except they escape from stress . it’s unwelcome ! yes , however , very necessary . just image a world where stress does not exist and people lead their life in a very comfortable way . but is this kind of living condition as perfect as we hope ? without stress , they may feel very satisfied with the current life but lack of power to discover new things result in nothing except a countermarch of the society . no stress , no development . so a certain amount of stress is good . it can stimulate us and increase our level of alertness .and our answer to stress is another vital problem . how to do with ourselves when stress suddenly break into our life ? to wave the white flag and admit our unability , to give up to our ideality , or worstly , just to suicide as to put an end to everything … of cause not . the principle is to tackle with stress gentlely and harmoniously. we should try our best to release ourselves . such as to do some exercise , to linsen to traditional chinese music or classical music to ease our minds and to learn to view these changes of life as challenges .it’s no use crying over spilt milk . only to accept what has happened can solve the problem .
ok , i think i was under large stress 3 minutes before , but now i am here and have finished my speech . here is the last thing i want to add to my topic ,face to it and overcome it ,stress is also a piece of cake
大学英语演讲稿5
We are going to celebrate the 60th anniversary of our a student in China,I feel very happy and the teachers and parents help ,we make great progress every are growing up together with our our knowledge and ability, I am sure we will do great contribution to the to the motherland,we are going to be stronger and future for us must be bright and try hard for ourselves,and for our motherland as well.
I hope a kid, hope full eyes jade-green grass, free of mind and happy of heart in the heart, also from had a nature of the boon grant still mankind of creation, nature give we abundant of imagination and infinite pure and endless Xia think, although they be small but solidify one heart, they mutually hold to hug to each other, under the nourish of the earth, full exertive solidify one coagulate of heart dint, also give nature one Wen Run4 of green space.
Year by year, the spring return to the earth again, it may be said"the prairie fire burn not to exert, the spring breeze blow and living", grass with it special stubborn, walk through the four it have no floriferous fragrance, take light nice and secluded;Although it dont have Gao Da4 of tree, seem to be so of insignificant, it be not small but shame, it optimism upward, creator green of vast one, it dont account repay useful green display whole of the earth.
The lovely grass, I appreciate you, you are to use you of of offer, use you of time change oneself of new looks, also change peoples viewpoint to sometimes blow to kiss in the bise bottom, you would be tinily low to fall a head, however you just trembled to fall the dust of body, face strongly, the Ao sign a ground of outstanding on the dont have too many Diao decoration and have no clamor of city and car bearer to of prosperous, but have ground smile to face a kid especially, face what you face each have life of person, passion life, life medium of people also love grass of smile, because have you in the life of open-minded state of mind and optimism of attitude, there is also bright and beautiful sometimes perhaps would be continuous to rain, brought the grass of light green excessive of bother, moist with accumulate water, total have sunlight of spring breeze doesnt smell soil, the grass had again thriving of source of vitality, grass at morning of the morning Lou once more let us suck to absorb and make our moods receive benefit to dulcify with joys quick.
The grass of , love of offer, make nothing exciting of life become Chong Ying;Grass, the big-hearted state of mind relax, it didnt need to be cover up, is a contented fully enjoy body interest;Grass, because of love but the United States, it be some and a little more careless to love to tolerate, rational, but touched the persons in the burst of light breeze is blow and the childrens joys voice joke awakenned my thoughts and awakely and the dim moonlight, originally the persons life not is also such as grass similar infinitesimal, but it use original of gentleness, affecting characteristic, like gaudiness of grass of flexible grain of life, give hope, grateful, taste, vitality, although sometimes very tired, own life of aureole happiness to end.