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论文答辩杠精

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论文答辩杠精

1、态度不认真,敷衍了事的人; 2、没有独立思考能力的人; 3、不能很好地表达自己的人; 4、没有团结合作精神的人; 5、不能按要求完成论文的人。不过,也有人说:“答辩只是对你的论文的一个形式上的检测,只要你的论文质量过硬,答辩不答辩都一样。”但是,答辩不过,对于毕业生来讲,也是有影响的: 1、答辩不过,意味着你的毕业论文没有通过,没有办法拿到毕业证和学位证; 2、答辩不过,意味着你的论文不符合学校的要求,没有办法申请学位。所以说,答辩不过,对毕业生的影响还是很大的,所以,毕业生们一定要重视答辩,不要轻视答辩,不要敷衍了事。

论文答辩是对论文质量和学术价值的一次检验和确认。以下是一些应对论文答辩的建议供参考:

1、充分准备:在答辩前,应对论文进行全面的复习和总结,确保对论文的各个方面都有深入的了解。同时,还要对答辩的流程和要求进行了解和熟悉,提前准备好答辩所需的材料和资料。

2、答辩要求:在答辩前,应与论文导师或答辩委员会沟通,了解答辩的具体要求和评分标准,以便在答辩中有针对性地回答问题和表现。

3、表达态度:在答辩中,要保持自信、礼貌和专业的态度,注意语言的准确性和逻辑的严密性,确保表达清晰、明确、有条理。同时,要认真听取答辩专家的问题和建议,并认真回答,表现出对学术讨论的积极性和开放性。

4、展示研究成果:在答辩中,要充分展示研究成果和学术贡献,包括论文的创新点、实验数据、理论分析等,以证明论文有学术价值和可行性。

5、积极回应问题:在答辩中,可能会遇到一些批评或质疑,要认真倾听并积极回应,说明问题所在并提出改进措施,以展示解决问题和改进能力。

毕业答辩如果只是一辩,没过的话会被老师或者专业组组长安排进入二辩。

如果指的是二辩也没过的话,面临的是两条方面:

一、会被院长叫过去面谈。

二、再读一年。

毕业论文答辩的注意事项:

1、克服紧张、不安、焦躁的情绪,自信自己一定可以顺利通过答辩。

2、注意自身修养,有礼有节。无论是听答辩教师提出问题,还是回答问题都要做到礼貌应对。

3、听明白题意,抓住问题的主旨,弄清答辩教师出题的目的和意图,充分理解问题的根本所在,再作答,以免出现答非所问的现象。

4、若对某一个问题确实没有搞清楚,要谦虚向教师请教。尽量争取教师的提示,巧妙应对。用积极的态度面对遇到的困难,努力思考做答,不应自暴自弃。

5、答辩时语速要快慢适中,不能过快或过慢。过快会让答辩小组成员难以听清楚,过慢会让答辩教师感觉答辩人对这个问题不熟悉。

6、对没有把握的观点和看法,不要在答辩中提及。

7、不论是自述,还是回答问题,都要注意掌握分寸。强调重点,略述枝节;研究深入的地方多讲,研究不够深入的地方最好避开不讲或少讲。

8、通常提问会依据先浅后深、先易后难的顺序。

9、答辩人的答题时间一般会限制在一定的时间内,除非答辩教师特别强调要求展开论述,都不必要展开过细。直接回答主要内容和中心思想,去掉旁枝细节,简单干脆,切中要害。

万能回答如下:

1、回答的时候可以对提问的问题,从边缘的自己知道的方面说一些,但是切忌不懂瞎说。

2、及时认怂。老师的提问基本上都是根据你的论文来的,这个没有固定,都是看你的论文想到了什么就会问一下,但是放心问题不会太难,毕竟是本科生,也正因为是本科生,及时认怂,别和老师抬杠。

虽然显得自己比较酷,但是说句实话,大部分本科生都算不上入门的,对专业的了解几乎和普通人一样,论文怎么完成的自己心里应该也清楚,在这种情况下,千万别和老师顶嘴,顶嘴大概率要出事。

3、表现积极点。这个是给你的指导老师看的,也是答辩中重要的一环,别以为他只是指导你论文,不参与你论文答辩就影响不大了,他的影响是最大的,即便是答辩组老师觉得你不行,但是他愿意给你过,那你还是可以过的。

所以,给指导老师一个积极努力的好印象,非常重要。多找他交流,时不时刷个存在感,让他知道你在努力,别让他觉得你天天没用功,那答辩难了。

4、顾左右而言他,当没有听见绕开问题,或是当没有听清楚问题,答别的问题。

5、表现谦虚,如“这个问题我没有太考虑,真的还不清楚,今天遇到老师您正好给我补补”或者‘当时我也困惑这个问题,正好您问了,我很希望老师能给我解惑一下这个问题”。

精彩论文答辩

首先要对自己的论文进行一个简单的表述,之后虚心的回答导师所问到的问题,最后等待各位老师的评分结果;首先在做表述时,要对自己提到的内容非常熟悉,因为导师很可能从其中提问题,还要自己论文的框架有一个特别流利的表述。

首先需要制作一个答辩PPT,然后要准备自己的毕业论文,还要将自己的毕业论文打印成纸质版,然后需要将纸质版的毕业论文上交给自己的辅导员,然后自己手上也要准备一份,然后在毕业答辩的当天打开自己的PPT进行讲解就可以,在这个过程当中还要回答导员所提出的问题。在答辩的时候一定要表现的自己非常的自信,不要出现一些有目的性的提问,这样的提问一定要快速的回答,也要回答的非常的流畅,不要出现任何的卡顿,可以提前对自己的论文进行复习。

论文答辩的流程可以分为以下几个程序:

开头进行自我介绍和论文的介绍。在各位老师入座以后,开始论文答辩时,学生首先要进行自我介绍,时长大约2~3分钟,然后对自己的论文介绍,包括论文的主要内容,参考的文献以及在论文中的一些论点,论据。所以在答辩之前一定要对自己的论文很熟悉,尤其是在自己不太熟悉的领域要多加准备,避免被老师的问题难到。

老师开始进行提问,这是答辩的第2个程序,在学生对论文介绍以后,老师要根据介绍提出相应的问题由学生来解答,在解答的过程中,老师要观察学生的逻辑方向,以及在回答中是否存有漏洞等问题,最后将根据这些问题的回答结果来评判学生的论文是否合格。

论文答辩的小技巧有以下几个:

要对自己的论文非常熟悉,因为论文答辩并不是老师简单的查看论文的内容,而是要对论文中的一些问题或者难点进行解答。如果个人对自己的论文不熟悉,有可能会让老师怀疑论文不是自己写的。

论文介绍和回答问题时要大方和自信。这一点要贯穿于整个论文答辩的全流程,无论是在自我介绍还是回答老师的问题,个人的表现都要很大方很自信,从容回答老师提出的各种问题,在形象方面给老师一个好的印象分。

论文中精彩的部分要着重的介绍。每一个学生在复述论文时,总有1~2个论点是比较新颖的学生,可以借助这一两个论点来进行介绍,把老师引到自己较为熟悉而且感兴趣的领域,在回答老师问题时也更加的淡定。

一定要谦虚。学生在论文答辩的过程中一定要保持谦虚,接受老师的批评和指导,千万不能在复述论文时一幅高高在上,显得自己学术境界很高的样子,这样往往会让老师觉得学生不够诚恳。

其实,论文答辩的目的只有一个,检查学生对所写论文题目的掌握程度和理解程度。下面是我整理的论文答辩陈述稿,欢迎参考!

各位老师同学,大家好:

我叫xx,我的论文题目是《人文关怀:马克思哲学的价值取向》。

论文的选题与研究是在杨老师和周老师的指导下进行的,在此对杨老师和周老师表示深深的感谢!

现在我就论文选题的原因、研究意义、主要内容、研究背景、方法与结论等做一个简单介绍。

一、论文选题的原因:

马克思哲学人文关怀论题是在两种动力下提出的。一种是理论的思考,另一种是现实的呼吁。处于现代化过程中的中国在大力发展科学技术和确立科学理性权威的同时,同样需要高扬人文关怀的旗帜,需要人文精神的普照。于是我就想到从价值论的角度来探讨马克思哲学的人文精神。之所以选此课题研究,主要原因如下:

社会转型期人们生存的“孤离”需要人文关怀。这是我选此论题的主要原因。

目前中国正处于新一轮现代化的起步和发展阶段,传统的制度和体制、社会权威和规范系统、社会生活方式和思维方式、道德、理想信仰等精神文化价值系统被打破,新的系统尚在建设之中。这必然导致社会成员思想和行为呈现一种进退失据、以及社会规范的紊乱与异化,乃至“潜规则”的横行无忌与显规则的疲软无力。这种规范的缺失,造成人们内心的危机感,以及人际关系的疏离感。

人们生存的疏离主要表现为四重疏离化状态:人与自然、人与社会、人与人以至人与自我之间,都已经出现了无可置疑的疏离感。

人们四重疏离化的状态急切呼吁人文关怀的普照。

二、论文研究的意义:

理论意义:深入挖掘马克思哲学的人文关怀思想,有利于全面把握马克思哲学的本质内容,有利于全面理解马克思哲学的本真精神,彻底克服由于理论和现实的因素造成的对马克思哲学人文关怀维度的遮蔽现象,为当代马克思哲学的发展提供新的路向。

现实意义:转型期中国的社会发展,正在历经一场极其深刻的社会变革,这必然会触动人们原有的社会地位和利益关系;在这种社会变革面前,难免会出现各种各样的疑虑和困惑,这样的社会更需要真正能够贴近实际生活的人文关怀,而马克思哲学的人文精神就能够发挥出其潜在的理论价值和实践指导。

当今社会,伴随着物欲的急剧膨胀,人们的精神随之日益匮乏;生活的节奏日益加快,生活的真谛却日渐丧失;人们外在的生活日益丰富,而内在的生活却严重的日益虚无。人也不可避免地会陷入空虚、焦虑、冷漠、孤独和无家可依可归的状态中。

与之相伴而生的是人们内心的躁动、紧张和潜在的风险感、冷漠感,人之为人的本质就在于人的精神的超越性,那么人失去了其精神的维度,何其为人?尤其是在当下急功近利和物质崇拜风尚的影响下,关照人的精神欲求和价值指向是一项极为迫要的工作。

马克思哲学沉思人类的命运,思考现实的个人的价值,探求人生的意义和生命的终极关怀,建立每个人安身立命的精神家园。马克思哲学是“我”一个精神家园的价值支点。

作为千年思想家之首的卡尔·马克思,他担负着人类尤其是无产阶级的苦难,在这一使命下,唤醒了人们沉睡的心智,激发了苦难人们的斗志,给一个民族一种理念,一种信仰支撑。

马克思哲学人文关怀在现实关怀与终极关怀的张力中始终保持着对人的现实生存的关注,对人的自由尊严的解蔽,对人的价值、人的精神的追求,在现代性的境遇中,人文关怀问题已经远远超出理论的层面,中国目前正处在社会转型期,马克思哲学人文关怀思想对于提高人的生存能力、促进人的全面发展、推动社会不断进步、构建社会主义和谐社会、解决弱势群体和当代人精神困境等问题都具有重要的启示意义。

三、论文主要内容:

本文包括引论和5章内容:

第1章引论:以当下人们为什么需要人文关怀为发问点,在批判学术界研究不足的基础上,引出本文的中心论点,阐明本文的主要内容、研究方法和研究意义诸类问题。

第2章:探究马克思哲学人文关怀之源,辨析“人文”、“人文关怀”、“人本主义”等相关概念内涵的细微差异,厘定马克思哲学的“人文关怀”范畴之真义。洞悉人文关怀在不同语境中的真切内涵,凸显马克思哲学人文关怀的精神旨趣,马克思哲学人文关怀是建立在西方人文精神基础之上的,而超越了狭隘的西方视角,从全人类的角度,从事自己的哲学思考。

第3章:这是本文重点篇章。

本章重点阐释马克思哲学人文关怀的科学内涵:马克思哲学实践观的确立,是马克思哲学人文关怀的理论底座;现实的个人的生存境况,是马克思哲学人文关怀关照的对象;人文关怀实现的途径:马克思哲学对现实生活的改造;对宗教、政治、哲学等彻底的批判及“异化”理论批判;三大经典社会形态理论与人的自我实现是马克思哲学人文关怀实现的现实路径;人类解放与人的自由全面发展是马克思哲学人文关怀的价值归宿。

第4章:基于第3章对马克思人文关怀价值内涵的解读,本章提出了马克思哲学人文关怀的价值旨归。

马克思哲学的人文关怀在现实关怀与终极关怀的张力中始终保持着对人自由尊严的解蔽,对人现实生存的关切,对人的精神,人的价值的理想追求,是马克思哲学人文关怀的永恒旨归。

第5章:阐释马克思哲学人文关怀的当代意义。通过前4章深入研究挖掘马克思哲学人文关怀的价值内涵,能够为当代中国人指引道路。

人文关怀在中国转型期的实践,是构建和谐社会的价值导向;是当代中国弱势群体生活的精神支撑;是当代中国人文精神提升的理论资源,为当代中国人文精神的构建提供价值导向和意义支撑。

第6章:结语:强调人文关怀:马克思哲学的价值取向这一主题内涵,总结论文研究中存在的欠缺。

四、研究背景:国内外研究现状及动态:

对于马克思主义哲学中“人的问题”的探询伊始于《1844年经济学—哲学手稿》的公开发表。由于立场、视角、出发点的差异,东西方各有相当一批学者认为马克思主义是一种人道主义或者是反人道主义的理论。尽管论说方式、思维路径、批判理论各异,这些研究上的探索,一定程度上对马克思主义哲学的发展开辟了新的`道路。但这些把马克思主义哲学人本化、科学化的思维方式,既不符合马克思哲学之真义,更不符合马克思的价值旨趣。

(1) 国外研究动态:

西方马克思主义关于人的问题的研究,有三次重要的思想转折,并以此可划分为三个阶段:

第一阶段:反科学的人本主义思想,以卢卡奇、葛兰西、柯尔施为代表人物。

第二阶段:人学发展的最高层以存在主义的马克思主义、结构主义的马克思主义、实证主义的马克思主义和法兰克福学派为表征。

马克思的人道主义精神的全面拓开以《1844年哲学经济学手稿》为思想泉源。

第三阶段:这一阶段的主要变化就是马克思主义人学思想的研究从对人的关怀渐进入对资本主义社会经济、政治、文化以及革命前景的关注上来,尤其是与发展了的人学理论的自觉结合是一大显征。这一转变不仅是研究视域的横向转换,更颠覆了传统研究方式的困囿,从而在研究方式和研究视域的双重意蕴上跨越至马克思人学研究的新视界。

(2) 国内研究动态:

中国哲学界对于人的问题的研究,是从20世纪80年代初开始的。关于人道主义和异化问题的大讨论,标志了“人道主义”探索在中国的正式发端。王若水、张奎良、周扬、汝信、朱光潜、曹天予等人,都赞同马克思主义是人道主义。

学界对马克思哲学人文关怀理论的研究,主要从下面几个维度入手:

第一,把人文关怀作为马克思哲学的一种内在的理论维度去显认。俞吾金在《人文关怀:马克思哲学的另一个维度》里明确指认人文关怀是马克思哲学的基本维度之一,人在马克思哲学中的地位也由此被提到一个新的高度。

第二,从实践观的角度理解马克思哲学的人文关怀。这一问题的提出始于本世纪初。黄克剑在他的论文《论马克思的“实践”范畴》中明认,马克思的实践范畴内具丰富意蕴,实践范畴内蕴着认知理性和价值理性的统一。徐长福的《马克思的实践首先是一个价值本体概念》一文中提出了马克思实践观首先应是一种价值本体论的观点,也就是说人归根到底应该把人的自由自觉的生命活动和全面发展也即是把实践作为人的价值上的阿基米德点。贺来在《论实践观点的人文精神》一文中揭示了人的实践活动的价值创生性的特点。

以上的研究可以说都是把实践与人的联系作为研究的切入点,分别从不同视角揭示了马克思实践观与人的关系,他们的共同点都触及到了马克思实践观的人文关怀内涵。不过,上述的任何一种解读都无法回避一个核心问题马克思哲学内蕴的人文关怀问题,而这一核心问题正是马克思实践观的人文关怀意蕴的根本所在。

此外,值得一提的是,本世纪初,围绕“马克思哲学的人文关怀”这一主题,俞吾金和杨学功之间展开了一场激烈的争论,杨学功的《也谈马克思的人文关怀——兼与俞吾金先生商榷》,讨论了实践的观点与人文关怀维度之间的关系,提出:“人:只有作为结果才能成为前提。

由于实践论的哲学视界的确立,人文关怀的维度在马克思哲学中得到合理而现实的内在肯定性确认。”后来,徐长福、陆剑杰也加入到这场激烈的讨论之中。这场讨论虽然是起源于“马克思哲学的人文关怀”问题,但最后讨论的焦点和落脚点却回到了“如何理解马克思实践观”的问题上来。这场讨论说明了对于马克思实践的理解,的确是理解马克思哲学人文关怀的关键。

第三,从唯物史观、社会发展理论等角度探讨了马克思的人文关怀。李万鹏的《历史唯物主义社会发展理论中的人文关怀取向》论述了马克思哲学的人文关怀向度。

第四,对马克思人文关怀思想及其现实意义研究的成果相当丰富。概括言之,人文关怀问题已经越来越成为哲学讨论的热门话题。尽管人们在一些具体问题上有种种不同理解,然而,人们正在形成一个基本共识,即“人文关怀”也是马克思主义哲学的重要维度。同时在探讨中也发现一个缺憾,这种探讨还没有拓展深入到马克思哲学人文关怀价值内涵的逻辑架构上而仅仅中止于马克思哲学人文关怀被遮蔽实践观的辨析。

笔者的思路正是源自于这样的追问:既然“人文关怀”是马克思哲学的重要维度,那么马克思哲学的人文关怀的思想宗旨是什么?马克思哲学人文关怀维度的逻辑架构又是什么?在马克思的哲学中是怎样蕴涵着人文关怀思想的?马克思哲学的人文关怀价值取向在当下人们的生活境遇中是如何体现的?

笔者认为,马克思的哲学关注的焦点是人。这个“人”不是指传统哲学中的“抽象的人”,而是活生生的、有血有肉的“现实人”;哲学所关注的方式是对现实的批判,而不是“形而上的沉思”。可以说,马克思哲学的人文关怀是基于“现实的个人”之上的现实关怀和设定“实现人的全面而自由的发展”为目标的终极关怀的有机统一。

马克思哲学人文关怀的逻辑起点是“现实的个人”,解放无产阶级,最终在实现共产主义的基础上实现人的全面而自由的发展是马克思哲学人文关怀的真正指向。

五、研究方法与结论:

本人怀着对人类深刻的眷注和深深的人文关怀的情感,在前人研究的基础上,以历史唯物主义社会基本原理为主要理论方法,同时结合哲学、伦理学、社会学等学科理论进行综合分析。具体运用历史与逻辑相统一的方法、辩证分析的方法和文献学方法等。围绕“人文关怀:马克思哲学的价值取向”这一主题进行拓展论述。

本文对马克思哲学人文关怀价值取向的研究,尚属初步和探索性的研究,距离付诸实践还有一定的距离。对其他思想家人文关怀观点的分析会着墨较少,从而会影响对比视域下思想特色的突显。笔者以后将着力于马克思哲学人文思想的分析比较,着力探索何以能与现实相契合。今后,本人将继续关注社会转型期人文关怀发展中的问题,为促进我国人民的全面发展尽一份力!

请各位老师批评指正,谢谢!

尊敬的各位老师、同学:

大家早上好!

我来自外语系xxxx级(2)班,我叫杨函祥,我的论文题目是《李阳疯狂英语与中学英语口语教学》,本篇论文是在凌红波讲师的指导完成的。在此,我十分感谢她长期以来对我的精心指导和大力帮助,同时也感谢各位评审老师从百忙之中抽出宝贵的时间事一同参与对我这篇论文的审阅并出席本次答辩,以下是本篇论文的选题缘由、目的,资料收集准备工作以及文章结构。

一、选题缘由、目的

爱好英语的人都知道,李阳,疯狂英语的创始人,以自己不懈的追求和不断努力奋斗,演绎了精彩的人生传奇。十多年来,他凭着自己成功的经验和一口地道的美式英语,在全国各地近百所高校进行疯狂讲学,掀起一股股疯狂英语的学习热潮,把中国人学习英语的激情推向了最高潮。通过自己对李阳疯狂英语的学习,的确发觉有许多有助于英语学习的优点值得借鉴,再结合自己的成长经历和实际考察,我发现贵州少数民族偏远山区中学生英语基础普遍偏差,尤其是口语表达能力比较差。基于这一情况,进行分析,我大胆地推崇李阳疯狂英语的优势,有效地进行中学英语教学辅助,并以此列提纲,进行展开。

二、资料收集准备工作

自 xxx年下旬选定题目后,为了完成论文,本人进行了大量的资料收集,有来自网上的论文期刊,图书馆的书目,最主要是来自于李阳疯狂英语的学习教材。在凌红波老师的指导下,经过阅读资料,拟定提纲,调研,写开题报告初稿、定稿,毕业论文初稿、修改等一系列程序,于xxx年3月正式定稿。

三、论文的结构

第一部分是引言,该部分主要结合了贵州少数民族偏远山区中学生英语基础普遍偏差,尤其是口语表达能力相对较差这一情况,提出自己的看法,主张推崇李阳英语,把李阳疯狂英语的特点和优势与中学英语口语教学有效地结合起来,从而全面提高贵州偏远山区中学生的整体英语水平

第二部分重点介绍了李阳疯狂英语的特点及优势。其中特点包括以下几个方面:

1、办班灵活,注重课堂互动;

2、学习过程由简单到复杂,由短句到长句,由句子到篇章,朗读速度由慢到快,同时训练方式也叫为独特;

3、各种场合讲话善于借助身体语言,使语言与动作相结合,更形象化;

4、训练句型非正规性(Damn it! Watch your month)、幽默性、中成英表、鼓励性(No pain, no gain)等。而优势则包含六个方面:

1、大声读,在读中克服羞怯;

2、大声拼,在拼中学会记忆;

3、大声唱,在唱中找到乐趣;

4、大声说,在说中找到自信;

5、重视非智力因素的培养。也就是指注重对学生学习激情的激发,而把学习英语与人生奋斗相联系起来。如:“一分耕耘,一分收获”“学习英语没有什么了不起!攻克英语,小菜一碟!”“打击我吧!迫害我吧!主我成为真正的人!”等;

6、教材更符合生活实际。教学内容多取自欧美国家的实际生活的情景,而且口语强调地道,实用(如:Is everything under control?一切都在掌握之中吗? Give me a favor!帮我一把吧!)。

第三部分介绍了贵州地区中学生英语水平普遍偏差的原因。总共概括为以下六个方面:

1、缺乏有利于外语教学的社会大环境;

2、教育体制的弊端;

3、现代化教学设备不齐全;

4、学生自身的内在因素;

5、教师自身素质的影响和教学传统观念的干扰;

6、地方方言的干扰等。也正是以上一系列不利因素的存在,使得贵州落后山区中学英语教学成效较低。

第四部分,也就是全文的核心部分,讲了李阳疯狂英语教学法在中学英语口语教学中的运用,共八个方面。

1、教师示范作用,课堂推广疯狂口语训练教学。这一小点主要讲了“一口气训练法”(指尽量在一口气内读完尽量多的段落,在一段时间训练之后,原来需要换三、四口气才能读完的短文,可以一口气读完)和“三最口腔肌肉训练法”(最大声、最清晰、最快速);

2、组建疯狂英语角或疯狂英语俱乐部,营造语言氛围;

3、中学英语口语结合疯狂英语神奇的句子中心论。即以句子结构为中心,将口语变成说句子(如:What’s your favorite…?)这一句型,后面可以变接(food, pastime, holiday)等,由一个句型演变成十几个甚至上百个句子,也就是所谓的:“以一顶十,以一顶百的核裂变超级句型”;

4、开展多种疯狂式英语演讲活动,激发学生的能动性;

5、帮助学生树立疯狂的情感意识。情感是指制约行为的感情、感觉、心情、态度等方面;

6、多媒体辅助,输入疯狂信息资料;

7、在疯狂口语中培养学生的英语思维能力,巧妙地借助身体语言;

8、用疯狂英语手势法和五大发音秘诀,帮助学生纠正发音,突破发音难关。手势法:指用不同的手势扮演不同的发音部位,尽情地跟随手势,张嘴进行模仿、练习,直到真正做到位;五大发音秘诀即为:长元音和双元音饱满、短元音急促有力、干净利落、连音和省略、咬舌音、绕口令训练等,真正帮助学生纠正发音,突破发音难关。结合实际,说明了推崇李阳疯狂的必要性!

经过本次论文写作,本人学到了许多有用的东西,也积累了不少经验,但由于本人才疏学浅,能力不足,加之时间和精力有限,在许多内容表述、论证上存在着不当之处,与老师的期望还相差甚远,许多问题还有待进行一步思考和探究,借此答辩机会,万分肯切的希望各位老师能够提出宝贵的意见,多指出我的错误和不足之处,本人将虚心接受,从而不断进一步深入学习研究,使该论文得到完善和提高。

以上是我对自己的论文简单介绍,请各位老师提问,谢谢大家。

论文答辩精选

论文答辩是一种比较正规的审查形式,有组织、有准备、有鉴定、有计划的。答辩会由校方、答辩委员会还有答辩者组成。我在此献上 毕业 答辩发言稿,希望大家喜欢。

毕业答辩发言稿一:

各位老师,上午好!

我叫赵晓琦,是土 木工 程__ 班的学生,我的论文题目为某某市八十八中学办公楼的设计。设计是在姚力老师的悉心指点下完成的,在那里我向我的老师表示深深的谢意,也向在坐各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢,并对上大学来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。

下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一汇报,恳请各位老师批评指导。

首先我想简单介绍本设计。

本工程为某某市八十八中学办公楼采用多层框架结构,主体结构为6层,内外装修均为一般装修,为永久性建筑。该楼总建筑面积为3981㎡,拟建位置另行给定,抗震设防烈度为8度。

其次我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要资料。

毕业答辩发言稿二:

各位领导、来宾,老师、同学们:

大家上午好!

为了进一步提高广大学生的创业意识,鼓励创新观念的成长,促进同学们就业观念由“择业”向“创业”转换,促进产、学、研一体化发展,培养能够适应市场经济发展需求的骨干人才,厦门大学团委一直致力于激发大学生创新创业的热情,以“挑战杯” 创业计划 竞赛为契机,为大学生创新创业提供广阔的平台。

“恒安杯”厦门大学第五届创业计划竞赛从去年5月启动至今,共吸引了1000多名本科生、硕士生和博士生参加,申报了65个项目。有30支团队从去年10月的初赛中脱颖而出。经过初赛、复赛和决赛三个阶段的培训和角逐,目前闯入决赛的9支队伍今天在此进行决赛。现在我简要向各位介绍一下本次竞赛的举办情况。

毕业论文答辩流程

1、 自我介绍 :自我介绍作为答辩的发言稿,包括姓名、学号、专业。介绍时要举止大方、态度从容、面带微笑,礼貌得体的介绍自己,争取给答辩小组一个良好的印象。好的开端就意味着成功了一半。

2、答辩人陈述:收到成效的自我介绍只是这场答辩的开始,接下来的自我陈述才进入正轨。自述的主要内容包括论文标题;课题背景、选择此课题的原因及课题现阶段的发展情况;有关课题的具体内容,其中包括答辩人所持的观点看法、研究过程、实验数据、结果;答辩人在此课题中的研究模块、承担的具体工作、解决方案、研究结果。 文章 的创新部分;结论、价值和展望; 自我评价 。

3、提问与答辩:答辩教师的提问安排在答辩人自述之后,是答辩中相对灵活的环节,有问有答,是一个相互交流的过程。一般为3个问题,采用由浅入深的顺序提问,采取答辩人当场作答的方式。

4、 总结 :上述程序一一完毕,代表答辩也即将结束。答辩人最后纵观答辩全过程,做总结陈述,包括两方面的总结:毕业设计和论文写作的体会;参加答辩的收获。答辩教师也会对答辩人的表现做出点评:成绩、不足、建议。

5、致谢:感谢在毕业设计论文方面给予帮助的人们并且要礼貌地感谢答辩教师。

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英语毕业的论文答辩稿(精选6篇)

毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩,在举行答辩会前,校方、答辩委员会、答辩者(撰写毕业论文的作者)三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我整理的英语毕业的论文答辩稿(精选6篇),欢迎大家分享。

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !

晚上好,所有的评估委员会成员。我来自HUST,主修外国语言学和应用语言学。我是xxx,我的主管是教授。 xxx。凭着她的真诚和智慧的指导,近一年的辛苦工作,我已经完成了我的论文。最后,这是展示时间。今天晚上,我将向大家致以衷心的感谢,我衷心地欢迎您的加入。

我的论文的标题是哥特式风格的研究

我希望通过研究这个短小的故事,我们可以在某些历史和文化中更多地描述美国南方妇女,更多地要求帮助现代社会的妇女对自己有一个广泛的了解,帮助我们提高我的独立性和信心,并更多地关注我们的心理健康该

接下来,我将向您介绍。这是我演讲的大纲。他们是文学评论,哥特式传统,哥特式风格的故事和哥特风格的原因。

本文由六部分组成。第一部分提出了作者威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner)和艾米莉·艾丝丽(A Rose)的作者,指出了这项研究的目的.和意义。第二部分是文献综述,对国内外这本小说进行了相关研究,并指出了理论依据和方法。第三部分给出了小说中哥特式传统的时间表,即死亡主题,独特的人物和神秘的气氛。部分原因,详细介绍了这本小说中哥特式风格的原因:父权制的压迫,南方女士的神话和艾米莉对爱情的态度。最后,在结论中,笔者对以前的部分进行了梳理,再次强调了论文论证的意义。

好的,就是这样。现在你可以提出你的问题!我准备好了!谢谢 !

Good morning,

Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :

I am Wu Lin. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professor Hu Anjiang, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.

My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van Winkle).

The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Thank you!

good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. i am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. with her constant encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper. now, it is the show time. i will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m xxx and come from class x. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

The title of my paper is xxxxxxxxxxxxx. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

英语毕业论文答辩稿范文(精选8篇)

一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束,我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文,毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式,快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧!下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文,希望对大家有所帮助。

Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.

With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.

Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.

With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.

Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.

For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.

In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.

Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.

Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.

Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.

I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems

Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.

Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.

Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.

Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style

in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!

I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

精馏塔论文答辩

不是吧,话说这是什么东西呀,也太专业了吧

主要详细步骤及公式,数据处理就自己解决了.不过我给你些提示吧,图书馆里有《化工原理设计》的书,上下册的,下册里有精馏塔的设计,公式齐全,而且还有图表可查。苯和甲苯精馏属于理想溶液分离,所以,你把数据略微改一下就应该算出来了

.....这个真不

这个你要计算的,你可以在百度里面找个模板,文库里有,我是学化工的,上个月设计的,是填料塔,算估计要花两天吧,画图三四天就够了,豆丁文库也有

关于杠杠论文范文资料

第 2 9卷 第 1 2期2 0 0 1年 l 2月华 南 理 工 大 学 学 报 (自 然 科 学 版 )J ou r n a l o f S ou t h Chi n a Un i v e r s i t y o f Te c hno l og y( Na t u r a l S c i e n c e Ed i t i o n )V0 J . 2 9 No. 】 2De c e mbe r 2 0 01文章编号: 1 0 0 0~5 6 5 X( 2 0 0 1 ) 1 2— 0 0 1 4- O 4经营杠杆与财务杠杆原理及应用前提条件分析崔 教( 华南理工大学 工商管理学院 .广东 广州 5 1 0 6 4 0 )摘 要:针对西方财务理论中两个微观经弃杠杆——经营杠杆和财务杠杆, 利用数学变换 . 研 究了经营风险和财务风险沿企业收益流作用的机理 ; 得出了经营杠杆与财务杠杆 系数计算的快捷方式; 并着重分析 了经营扛轩与财务杠杆应用的前提每件 , 指出传统财务理论中经营扛轩与财务扛轩计算与应用时不加 任何条件是 不完善 的. 研究结果对企业如何运用微观经济杠杆进行利润和风隆预测有很强的指导作用.美键词:微观经济杠杆原理; 经营杠杆;财务杠杆; 杠杆系数;利润预刹; 风险控制中图分类号:F 2 7 5 5 文献标识玛:A1 问题 的提 出所谓微观经济杠杆 原理 , 就是指当经营杠杆 和财务杠杆存在时, 销售收入 的波动会 导致营业利润和每股收益发生更大的波动 . 因此, 企业可以利用杠杆原理预测经营利润和每股 收益, 也可以在决策时 .有意识地选取适合 自己情况 的杠杆值 。 有效地规避风险, 提高企业的经济效益 .综观现代财务管理论著。 “ 杠杆” 一词提得越来越多。 但 目前国内外有关 书籍 中所介绍 的内容还存在 F不 足 :( 1 ,杠杆系数计算公式 比较抽象, 影 响了初学者对微观经济杠杆原理的深 刻理解 , 也不便于企业对各种馈观经济杠杆的灵活应用.( 2 j没有对财务杠杆系数进行分解 , 因为财务杠杆是由于利息或优先股股息的存 在而存在的. 那, 厶当利息和优先股股息 同时存在时, 它们对财务杠杆系数的贡献各是多少?它们各 自对财务杠杆系数的贡献之问是 什么关系?了解这一点 , 对那些正在考虑是通过调整债务还是调整优先股来改变财务杠杆系数的企业管理者来说 。 是非常必要的.收稿 日期 :2 0 0 1—0 8—2 1*基金项 目:国家 自然科学基叠资助项 目( 7 0 0 7 2 0 6 )作 者简 介 :崔 毅 ( 1 9 5 1一) , 女 , 教 授 . 主要 从 事财务 决策 、 数 基经济、 企业诊断研 究( 3 )当销售 收入 变化 时 , 可 以反 用 杠 杆 系 数 的定义公式方便地求出预测期 的经营利润 、 每股 收益的变化率. 因为经营利润变化率 =经营杠杆系数 ×销售收入变化率, 每股收益的变化率 =财务杠杆系数×销售收入变化率 那么 , 预侧期 的税前利润 、 税后利润、 属于普通股股东的利润是否也可以利 用微观经济杠杆原理知识 , 仅通过简单的乘法运算就可得到?回答是 肯定 的( 4 )运用经 营杠杆 与财务杠杆原 理进行分析时, 其前提条件有 哪些?这些在所 有的财务管理教科书和论著中都没有清晰的阐述.本文正是基于上面的思考 , 从西方财务管理理论中经营杠杆系数、 财务杠杆系数的公式出发 , 进行~系列的数学变化 , 试 图就杠杆的存在 、 杠杆系数的计算、 杠杆对各利润的影响等同题给 出形象、 直观、便于理解、 便于记忆的表述 , 并将经营杠杆与财务杠杆原理中内含的假设条件 明朗化. 其 目的是 帮助大家对这些微观经济杠杆原理 有更深刻 的认识 , 促进企业管理 者准 确地 、 主 动 地运 用 微 观 经 济杠 杆 原 理去进 行利 润预测 和控制 风 险.2 经营杠杆与财务杠杆 系数的快捷计算及杠杆原理在企业的收益流中, 有七个相关联的数量概念 :销售收人、 贡献毛益、 营业 利润即息税前利润、 税前 第 1 2期 崔 毅 :经营扛杆 与财 务杠杆原理 及应用前提条件分析 1 5利润 、 税后 利润 、 属于 普通 股股 东 的收人 、 每 股收 益它们之问存在着一定的逻辑运算关系 , 我们可以画一条直线及六个点( 如图 i所示) , 更形 象直观地说明它们之间的这种关系 : 销售收人 ( S)减去变动成本( b S, 其 中 6为变动 成本率)得贡献毛益, 贡献毛益减固定成本( F)得营业利润( EB I T) , 营业利润减利息费用( I )得税前利润( EBT) , 税前利润减应 纳所得税( EBT×T, 其中 T为所得税税率) 得税后利润( E A7 ’ ) , 税后利润减优先股股息( D)得属于普通股股东的利润, 再除以普通股股数( m)即是每股收益( EP S)一 一应纳所得 税辆 一 )贡献毛益 属r普通股S S—b S E B I T 3 r E AT 腔求的收^ E P SEBF T+ 删 一D圈 1 企业收益漉 中各项之间的关 系Fi g 1 The r el at i ons hi p amon g di f f e r e ntv a r i a b l e s a l on g t he r ev e n ue f l ow在西方财务管理理论中:经营杠杆度 DOL : EBI T变化 的百分 比销售收人变化的百分 比 = 垒S b SS 6S — F财务杠杆度 DF L :EP S变化的百分比( 1 )E B I T 变 化 的 百 分 比 = 篓 = 一 墨 ! r ? 、 n 、EBI T J一我们对它进行一系列的数学变化, 就会发现更为简便的表现方法 , 容易记忆且应用方便D = = ; = EBI T + F 贡 献毛益 …EBI T 一 经 营利润DFL EBI T EBl TEBI T — J一 EBI T — I一 墨 旦 =! : 壁 . . 旦 ! 。 一 EBI T 一 ,一 船 EBTE BI T EB ( 1一 T)E BT EBT( 1一 T)一 D而EBI TT .旦 ( 4 ) EAT D EB 一 、吖显然, 经营杠杆是由于 F的存 在而存在; 财务杠杆是由于 I、 D 的存在而存在 我们可将 由于 J的存在而产生的杠杆 系数记作 DFL 、 由于 D 的存在而产生 的杠 杆 系 数 记 作 DFL 则 财务 杠 杆 系数 就可分解为: DF L = DFLf×DF Ln.其 中 :叭 = = 六DFL。 — EB I T - I =( 6 )EBI 丁 ,一 … ‘由式( 3 ) 可知 : 经营杠杆系数DOL是由于 F的存在而存在, 并且 DOL恰好等于 F所在的第二区问前后两端点所代表的利润值之比, 或更形象地表述为:由于 F的存在而产生的经营杠杆系数 DOL就等于F前面点的值除以F后面点的值 . 同理由式( 5 )得 : 由于 ,的存在而产生DF L 就等于 , 前面点的值除以 J后面点的值 .由式( 6 ) 得 : 由于 D 的存在而产生 nF L n就等于D前面点的值除以 D后面点的值. 因此, 可画出图 2 .由图2可得到如下一组结论( 如图2的上半部分) :( i )若 F、 I 、 D均不为0 , 那么 F、 , 、 D分别像一个固定的支点一样, 形成 了三个杠杆作用点 : DOL、DFL. 、 DFLD, 而每一个杠杆的大小就正好等于支点前面的点除以后面的点所得的值 . 由于直线上点的值从左 向右依次减小 , 因此 D0L、 DFL J 、 DFL D都大干 l , 对销售收人的变化率起一个加剧放大作用( 2 )若 F、 J 、 D 中 I= 0或 D = O ( F为固定成本 , 一般不可能为 0 ) , 则在第三或第五区间就没有形成杠杆效应 , 也即 DFL ,=1或 DF LD=i, 该区问两端点所表示的利润的变化率相等.( 3 )第一、 四区间分别减去 b S、 E BT× T所形成后端点 ( 1一 S、 EBT( 1一 T)与前面 的点 S、EBT有一个 比例关系 , 而第六 区问是除 以固定 的数, 因此 当销售收人发生变化时, 第一、 四、 六区间的两端点表示 的数( 或利润)的变化率总是相同的.( 4 )应用结论 ( 1 ) ~ ( 3 ) 叉可得到如下4 点结论( 如图 2的下半部分所示) . 即当销售收人增长( 或下降 ) n% 时 :① 贡献毛益也增长( 或下降) n%( 因为第一 区间没 有杠杆 作用 )② 由于经营杠杆的作用, 营业利 润将增长( 或下降) DOL×d%.③ 税前利润和税后利润增长 ( 或下降)幅度相同 , 均为 DFL,×Do上 ,×n% .④ 属于普通股股东的收人和每股收益增长( 或下降)幅度相同, 均为 DF LD×DF L ×DO L×d% l 6 华 南 理 工 太 学 学 报 (自 然 科 学 版 ) 第 2 9卷. ——— 一 ■ 广 — 。《 日 《 日 日 < 日 一 上升 辟a %第 一 十托杆DOL作用 第= . 个 杆 D , . 作用5 " b S 也 }升或下降a %r升或 律 升或 r降00f D x} i OL第三个机杆DF L 。 作用! D 毫 F I . D O L 。 l 嚣 I N ) L i ) H , O } 0 } k n i 粕 } ) H 1 b图 2 经营杠杆与财务杠杆原理示意 图Fi g. 2 The s c he mat i c di ag r am o f t he o pe r a t i ng l ev e r a ge a nd f i na nc i al l ev e r a ge s结论( 4 ) 可表述为: 当销售收入上升( 或下 降) 时, 不仅预测期经营利润、 每股收益的变化率可 以通过简单的乘法运算得到 . 而且预测期的税前利润 、 税后利润 、 属于普通股股东的利润的变化率也都可 以利用微观经济杠杆原理知识通过简单 的乘法运算就可得到: 这些利润中某利润 的变化率等于该利润前面各杠杆系数与销售收入变化率的乘积.3 应用经营杠杆与财务杠杆原理进行分析预测的前提条件笔者 目前所看到的有关财务管理方面的书籍在介绍杠杆效应理论时, 都没有 明确指出运用该理论的前提条件 , 下面我们从公式( 1 ) 、 ( 2 ) 出发 , 探寻运DFL EBI TEBI T — 一用经营杠杆与财务杠杆的前提条件.( 1 )我们分析公式( 1 )的推导过程 :DOL=E BI T变化的百分比 /销售收入的百分比 :L Y E BI T / EBI T△S/ S 一[ ( s 1 一旃1 一F ) 一( S—b S—F) 3 / ( S一硌 一F)( S 1一s) / s( S 1一S) ( 1一b ) / ( S—b S—F) ( 1—6) S( S1 一S) / S —S一 S—F( 其中 S1表示预测期的销售收入)由此可见: ( 1 ) 式成立内含假设条件 : 预测期 内成本 结构保 持不 变 .( 2 )我们分析公式( 2 ) 以及公式DF L ×DF LD的推导过程DF L = EPS变化 的百分比 / EBI T变化的百分比 : =I [ ( E B I T 1一 ) ( 1一T) 一D] / m一[ ( E B I T— ) ( 1 一T) 一D] / m} / ( E B I T—I ) ( 1一T)一D] / m旦 : . EBI T — I一 删( E B I T 1 一E B 1 T) / E B I T亘 旦 =EBI T — 一E BI T E BT( 1一 T)EB丁 EBf ,( 1一 丁)一D面 E B I T· E A = T 面 =D F L,× DFL。( 其中, EB1 T1表示预测期的营业利润 , T表示适用税率, 表示普通股的股数)由此可见 , 公式 ( 2 )及公式 DF L = DFL r×DF L D成立 内吉假设条件 : 预测期内财务结构 、 利息率 、 适用税率 、 优先股股息率保持不变综上所述 , 运用经 营杠杆与财务杠杆原理进行分析预测时, 必须满足其 前提条件 , 即: 企业预测期内成本结构 、 财务结构、 利率、 适用税率、 优先股股息 第 1 2期 崔 毅 : 经 营杠杆与财务杠杆原理聂应用前提条件分析率 均保 持不 变4 结 论通过上面的分析本文的主要结论如下 :( I )得 到 了一 套 DOL、 DF L 、 DF L 的快捷 计算方法. 企业分析预测人员可以不必记忆 那些抽象烦琐的公式了 运用快捷方式 其计算结果 与传统方法计算的结果完全一致 , 但过程大大简化 特别是当销售收入变化率有多种 可能时, 其方便性就更加明显 .( 2 )财务杠杆 系数 DFL可 分解 成: DFL=DF L』×DF L J ]这样不仅计算简便, 而且有 利于分析利息 、 优先股股息对财务杠杆大小的影响 , 为企业管理 者通过 调整 财 务杠 杆 大小 而 获 取杠 杆 收益 、 控制 财务 风险提供 了更 加有效 的手段( 3 J无论是经营利润、 每股收益的变化率, 还是税前利润 、 税后利润 、 属于普通股股东的收人的变化率都可 利用杠杆 效应 , 通过简单 的乘法运算使可得到. 另外, 由于销售收入与贡献毛益之间 、 税前利润与税后利润之间、 属于普通股股东的收入与每股收益之间不存在杠杆 , 即财务杠杆系数 为 I , 因此它们前后两者之间的变化率总是相同的, 只要计算 出其中一个的变化率 , 也就知道了另一个的变化率( 4 )杠杆效应理论有非常严格 的前提条 件 运用时要 充分 考虑 到 这一 点, 虽 然杠 秆 效 应 理论 所 包古 的“ 决策一 结 构一杠 杆一 风险一 收益” 之 间 的关系对任何企业的中长期决策都有借鉴作用 , 但从前提条件“ 成本结构、 财务结构 、 利率 、 适用税率 、 优先股股息率保持不变” 可以看出, 杠杆效应理论中介绍的计算公式及技巧更适合经营比较稳定的企业进行短期 预测 和风 险控 制.笔 者撰写 此文 的 目的是希望 让更 多的 人在 财务分析与预测时能使用我们发现的经 营杠杆、 财务杠杆与总杠杆 的这种 陕捷计算办法, 同时注意杠杆 运用的前提条件 , 并在实践 中有效地 防止因没有考 虑杠杆运用前提条件而发生分析错误和预测失真的情况 .参考文献【 1 ] S t e p h e n A Ro s s , Ra n d o l D h W We s t e r f i e l d, J e f f r e y FJ a f f e公司理财 M] . 吴世农, 沈艺峰等译 北京: 机械工业 出版社 . 2 0 0 0 .[ 2 : Ar t h u r J Ke o w n , Da v i d F S c o t t 、 J o h n D Ma r t i n等 现代财 务管理 基础 【 M J朱武祥译 北京 : 清华大学 出版社 . 1 9 9 7[ 3 王庆成 , 王化 戚 西方 财务管理 M 北 京 : 中国^ 民大学 出版社 , l 9 9 54 ] 邵希娟, 崔 毅. 企业风险与杠杆效应 J 山西大学学报( 社科 版) , 2 0 0 0 ( 4 ): 5 7—5 8l

,就应该用动力臂比阻力臂短的杠杆。因此使用杠杆可以省力,也可以省距离。但是,要想省力,就必须多移动距离;要想少移动距离,就必须多费些力。要想又省力而又少移动距离,是不可能实现的。正是从这些公理出发,在“重心”理论的基础上,阿基米德发现了杠杆原理,即“二重物平衡时,它们离支点的距离与重量成反比。 杠杆的支点不一定要在中间,满足下列三个点的系统,基本上就是杠杆:支点、施力点、受力点。 其中公式这样写:动力×动力臂=阻力×阻力臂,即F1×l1=F2×l2这样就是一个杠杆。 动力臂延伸杠杆也有省力杠杆跟费力的杠杆,两者皆有但是功能表现不同。例如有一种用脚踩的打气机,或是用手压的榨汁机,就是省力杠杆 (力臂 > 力距);但是我们要压下较大的距离,受力端只有较小的动作。另外有一种费力的杠杆。例如路边的吊车,钓东西的钩子在整个杆的尖端,尾端是支点、中间是油压机 (力矩 > 力臂),这就是费力的杠杆,但费力换来的就是中间的施力点只要动小距离,尖端的挂勾就会移动相当大的距离。 两种杠杆都有用处,只是要用的地方要去评估是要省力或是省下动作范围。另外有种东西叫做轮轴,也可以当作是一种杠杆的应用,不过表现尚可能有时要加上转动的计算。 古希腊科学家阿基米德有这样一句流传千古的名言:"假如给我一个支点,就能撬起地球"这句话不仅是催人奋进的警句,更是有着严格的科学根据的。

电磁炉的知识,希望你能有用电磁灶是一种无火的炉灶。接通电源后,灶台上的锅很快就热。 炒莱时,用手触摸灶台却感觉不到热。即使在炒菜的锅底垫下插入一张白纸,也不会燃烧。那么,这种炉灶靠什么烧饭做菜呢? 原来,电磁灶的台面下布满了金属导线缠绕的线圈。当通上高频的交流电时,在台板与铁质锅底之间产生强大的交变磁场;磁感线穿过锅体,通过锅体的磁通量不断发生变化,在锅底产生感应电动势,使锅底产生感应电流。这些感应电流的流线呈闭合的涡旋状,称为涡流。当涡流受材料电阻的阻碍时,就发出大量的高热,将饭菜煮熟。 电磁灶产生的交变磁场还会使金属锅的分子进行不停歇的运动,造成分子间摩擦生热。涡流热和分子运动的热都是直接发生在锅本身的,基本上没有能量传递的损耗,所以电磁灶的热效率可高达80%,约比煤气灶高出一倍;而且有加热均匀,烹调迅速,节省电力等优点。 电磁灶的加热是使锅壁直接感应发热,所以锅的材料必须是像铁这样的磁性体,一般不能使用玻璃、陶瓷、铝、铜制的锅。但是,可以在铝、铜锅底部包覆一层铁,实现电磁感应加热。在玻璃锅底部刷上一层薄的银涂料,再用一层不导电的玻璃涂层保护,也可起到铁锅底的作用。 电磁灶煮、蒸、炖、炒、煎、炸、涮样样能干。在采用不同烹调方法时,只要调整流过线圈电流的大小,就可以将温度调高调低。 使用电磁灶时,在直径3 m的范围内不要放置电视机、收音机和录像机,以防辐射。

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