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英国毕业论文的写作时每位英国留学生都要经历，留学生们想要自己的毕业论文不挂科拿到基本的分数对于英国毕业论文写作的格式就要十分的注意了。下面为大家简要分析一下英国毕业论文写作的格式大家一定要看仔细了。 一、开头部分。主要包括封面、英文题名页、摘要、关键词、目录、插图、和附表目录、必要时还有略缩词。题名要以最恰当、最简明的词语反映论文中最重要的特定内容的逻辑组合，避免不常用的略缩词、首字母缩写字等。摘要是论文内容不加注释和评论的简单陈述，关键词每篇论文选取3-8个次，以显著的字符另起一行。论文中的图表如果较多，可以分别列出并置于目次页之后。 二、正文主题部分。主要包括正文、结论、参考文献。关于字体与间距的设置，论文的正文部分的字体Times New Roman小四号，单倍行距。参考文献即Reference用Times New Roman3号，居中加粗；参考书目的序号如[1]形式等。 三、附录。主要包括必要的各种附录，如发表文章、参与项目、实验数据等。各种附表（包括导师的评语表、答辩委员会评语表）要收录其中。 四、结尾部分。主要包括索引和封底。 留学生们想要自己的英国毕业论文能及格，就要把写作格式这个最基础的要求最好，否则你连写作格式都出错又怎么可能拿到高分呢？ 留学生们如果在论文写作上遇到了什么困难可以来找英国智酷论文辅导公司。
英国论文report参考文献格式参考。英国论文report写作-原文链接： 1.结构方面：Report一般由Table of Contents, Executive Summary, Introduction, Body, Conclusion/Recommendation, Reference六部分组成。 2. 语言方面：Report中，如果题目是假如你是某公司CEO或其他某个角色，可以使用第一人称；如果没有这样主人翁的假设，还是不能用第1，2人称。请注意这点和Essay的区别。 3. 内容方面： 1) Report实践性更重一点，少写理论，多结合实际情况分析。 2) 数据和图表的使用很重要。如果用到某公司几年内的某一项数据的变化，可以先列数据表格，再用柱状图、馅饼图或曲线图进行直观反映。 4. 特别注意问题： 1) Table of Contents，一定要用Word自动生成格式。 2）Executive Summary，一般要出现 “The main purpose of this report is to……”这样的标志性语句。一般来说，这部分主要介绍 这篇Report的研究内容、研究对象、研究目的、研究意义等等一些概括性的东西。 3) Introduction，在一篇Report中，Introduction部分相当于是一个Background，而不是概括Report的内容。请注意与Essay的区别。Report中的Introduction不概括文章内容；不介绍文 章结构（因为目录里已经有结构介绍了）；只介绍Background。 4) Body，总原则“少写理论，多结合实际情况分析”，不要空谈。根据要求具体分析，用证据支撑、用事实说话。列出标题、次级标题、有必要时列出下一级标题。每段内容用简洁的语言 提炼出要点关键词，然后进行解释和阐述。 5) Conclusion / Recommendation, 根据论文要求具体把握。 6) Reference: Reference 是导师最看重的，所以请一定特别注意！绝对不能出现编造的情况，一定要真实。国外对这个问题查得很严。一旦查出有作假或抄袭情况,会直接挂科，甚至开除学籍。一般来说，Reference包含两个部分，一种是in-text reference 也就是在文章里的reference，一种是在文章最后出现的reference, 也就是reference list。一篇论文须要包含文中的in-textreference和文末的reference list。论文有明确要求几个Reference的，根据要求来把握；没有明确说明个数的，一般按照每千字3-4个来操作。 Reference格式标注办法，一般论文要求中会明确提到。常用的Reference格式有： Harvard referencing system 哈佛文献标记系统 CMS: Chicago Manua芝加哥写作和文献标注系统： APA Style：American Psychological Association. 美国心理学会写作和文献标记办法 AMA：American Medical Association 美国医学会文献标注系统 MLA: 现代语言学会写作和文献标注系统 代写英国essay CSE: Council of Science科技编辑理事会文献标记和写作办法） 7) 字体格式：论文有明确要求字体格式、大小等时，根据要求来操作；论文没有明确要求字体大小等时，一般用用times new roman字体；12（小四）；倍行距；Word默认页边距；标题字体可加粗；每段落之间空一行；每段直接写，无需空格；在每页的右下角插入页数。
封面页：应包括论文题目、作者姓名、学校名称、提交日期等信息。
目录：列出文章的各个章节和子章节的标题和页码。
引言：介绍论文的背景、目的和主要论点。
正文：根据论文的结构和逻辑，按照主题和子主题组织论文的内容。
结论：总结文章的主要观点和结论，并指出未来的研究方向。
参考文献：列出在文章中引用的所有书籍、期刊、网站等文献的详细信息。
附录：如果需要，可以在附录中包括一些数据、图表、图片等。
格式要求：通常要求使用12号字体，行距为倍，页面边距为厘米，页面编号从第二页开始。
参考文献要求：参考文献需要按照特定的格式进行排版，如APA、MLA、Chicago等格式。
文献引用要求：文献引用需要注明作者、年份和页码等信息，如（Smith, 2010, ）。
这个我清楚，
英国论文report参考文献格式参考。英国论文report写作-原文链接： 1.结构方面：Report一般由Table of Contents, Executive Summary, Introduction, Body, Conclusion/Recommendation, Reference六部分组成。 2. 语言方面：Report中，如果题目是假如你是某公司CEO或其他某个角色，可以使用第一人称；如果没有这样主人翁的假设，还是不能用第1，2人称。请注意这点和Essay的区别。 3. 内容方面： 1) Report实践性更重一点，少写理论，多结合实际情况分析。 2) 数据和图表的使用很重要。如果用到某公司几年内的某一项数据的变化，可以先列数据表格，再用柱状图、馅饼图或曲线图进行直观反映。 4. 特别注意问题： 1) Table of Contents，一定要用Word自动生成格式。 2）Executive Summary，一般要出现 “The main purpose of this report is to……”这样的标志性语句。一般来说，这部分主要介绍 这篇Report的研究内容、研究对象、研究目的、研究意义等等一些概括性的东西。 3) Introduction，在一篇Report中，Introduction部分相当于是一个Background，而不是概括Report的内容。请注意与Essay的区别。Report中的Introduction不概括文章内容；不介绍文 章结构（因为目录里已经有结构介绍了）；只介绍Background。 4) Body，总原则“少写理论，多结合实际情况分析”，不要空谈。根据要求具体分析，用证据支撑、用事实说话。列出标题、次级标题、有必要时列出下一级标题。每段内容用简洁的语言 提炼出要点关键词，然后进行解释和阐述。 5) Conclusion / Recommendation, 根据论文要求具体把握。 6) Reference: Reference 是导师最看重的，所以请一定特别注意！绝对不能出现编造的情况，一定要真实。国外对这个问题查得很严。一旦查出有作假或抄袭情况,会直接挂科，甚至开除学籍。一般来说，Reference包含两个部分，一种是in-text reference 也就是在文章里的reference，一种是在文章最后出现的reference, 也就是reference list。一篇论文须要包含文中的in-textreference和文末的reference list。论文有明确要求几个Reference的，根据要求来把握；没有明确说明个数的，一般按照每千字3-4个来操作。 Reference格式标注办法，一般论文要求中会明确提到。常用的Reference格式有： Harvard referencing system 哈佛文献标记系统 CMS: Chicago Manua芝加哥写作和文献标注系统： APA Style：American Psychological Association. 美国心理学会写作和文献标记办法 AMA：American Medical Association 美国医学会文献标注系统 MLA: 现代语言学会写作和文献标注系统 代写英国essay CSE: Council of Science科技编辑理事会文献标记和写作办法） 7) 字体格式：论文有明确要求字体格式、大小等时，根据要求来操作；论文没有明确要求字体大小等时，一般用用times new roman字体；12（小四）；倍行距；Word默认页边距；标题字体可加粗；每段落之间空一行；每段直接写，无需空格；在每页的右下角插入页数。
APA英文论文基本格式1. 从页顶、底、边算起，页边空白为（除稿件页眉外）。2. 所有地方均使用倍行距。3. 英文字体使用Courier 或Times NewRoman，中文正文字体使用宋体，字号为5号，论文封面标题使用3号粗体或黑体。4. 两端对齐。5. 页码开始于标题页，即封面。6. 段落首行缩排4个空格（两个汉字的空间）。7.一系列连续的单独段落用阿拉伯数字引导，数字后面使用圆点，每一段末都用句号。
封面页：应包括论文题目、作者姓名、学校名称、提交日期等信息。
目录：列出文章的各个章节和子章节的标题和页码。
引言：介绍论文的背景、目的和主要论点。
正文：根据论文的结构和逻辑，按照主题和子主题组织论文的内容。
结论：总结文章的主要观点和结论，并指出未来的研究方向。
参考文献：列出在文章中引用的所有书籍、期刊、网站等文献的详细信息。
附录：如果需要，可以在附录中包括一些数据、图表、图片等。
格式要求：通常要求使用12号字体，行距为倍，页面边距为厘米，页面编号从第二页开始。
参考文献要求：参考文献需要按照特定的格式进行排版，如APA、MLA、Chicago等格式。
文献引用要求：文献引用需要注明作者、年份和页码等信息，如（Smith, 2010, ）。
一、英国essay格式主要有哪些要求第一条：常见的统一格式是：times new roman字体，小四，第二条：排版格式，包括：倍行距以及常见的哈佛格式或者是APA格式、牛津格式。第三条：用词格式，包括：不能使用的一些词汇与不用缩写的词汇。不能使用的词汇包括：I，WE，OUR，YOU，YOUR等使用第一人称或第二人称，保持论证的客观性，否则会造成学术论文不严谨。第四条：行文格式，包括：一篇合格的英国essay论文主要包括四个部分，引言部分(Introduction),主体部分(Main Body),结论部分(Conclusion)，参考文献(referencing)
英语作文是可以提前积累一些模板的，在考试的时候套用这些句型，可以提高写作速度，也可以确保句式的准确性。下面是英语议论文的万能模板及范文，速看！
英语议论文写作模板一
recently the issue of whether or not______(讨论话题) has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public. there are two major arguments that can be made for_________. for one thing， __________can bring ____ to_____________(优点 一 )。 for another， it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(优点二)。
but we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________， among which are ____________(列举缺点)。 for instance， it can be __________to _____________(举例说明)。 in addition， many people find it ________(形容词)to _______________(第二个缺点)
when asked to __________， i tend to ____________. this is because i _______________(原因 一 )。 furthermore， _______________________(原因二)。 finally， ______________(原因三)。
英语议论文写作模板二
the effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.
first ， __________________(影响 一 )。 more importantly， ________________(影响二)。 hence， i believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ nevertheless， i do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)
there are numerous reasons why ____， and i would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. the first is that the more(比较级)_____， the more (比较级)。 in addition， we all agree that________________________(第二个原因)
In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job. It sounds strange since young college students are usually intelligent, well-educated phenomenon, aspirant and eager to bring their talent into full play. Then what underlies the strange phenomenon?
近几年，大学生发觉找工作越来越难了。这听起来很奇怪，因为年轻的大学生通常是聪明的，受过良好教育，上进和渴望他们的才华得到充分发挥的。那么，是什么引起这一奇怪现象呢？
There are several reasons for this. To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high. All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable working conditions, high social status among others. Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not “good” enough. Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs. So companies think some students are not fit for the jobs.
有很多原因可以解释。首先，现在大学生的要求太高了。他们想要的是能提供较好的薪酬，舒适的工作环境，较高的社会地位的好工作。结果，大部分的大学生都不愿意接受他们认为不够好的空缺职位。另一个原因是一些学生在校学习的专业和空缺职位的需求有很大的差距。所以企业认为有些学生不适合那些工作。
Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students. The companies should value the students, talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains. They should be down-to–earth in building up their career. Furthermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent.
解决这一问题需要社会和学生的共同努力。企业应该看重学生，才能以及知识，而学生不应该只着眼于物质利益。他们应该脚踏实地的建立自己的职业生涯。另外，他们应该面对他们的弱点从而提高自己，使自己更有能力。
有很多的同学在写英语作文的时候，也会写一些经典的议论文，我整理了相关范文，希望会对大家有所帮助！
英语作文范文带中文翻译
Many years ago, the movie about the youth became very popular, every year, we can see many hot movies about the protagonist’s passed youth. People like to recall their passed youth, which makes such movies sell good. But I find the common things about these movies, all the protagonists’ youth are about fighting, love and other negative things. I understand the directors’ intention, they want to tell people youth is not perfect and having pities. Of course movie is exaggerating, the real youth is about studying, at least, most people have worked so hard to get into their ideal colleges. What the movies describe make up some people’s youth, for which they don’t have the chance to experience. We should not be misled by these movies, for the teenagers, their job is to study, so that they can have a bright future.
【翻译】很多年以前，关于青春的电影很受欢迎，此后每年，我们都可以看到很多热门电影是关于主人公逝去的青春。人们喜欢回忆他们逝去的青春，这才是让这类电影好卖的原因。但是我发现了这些电影的共同点，那就是所有的主人公的青春都是关于大家，恋爱和其他消极的东西。我明白导演们的意图，他们想要告诉人们青春是不完美的，存在遗憾。当然电影是夸张化的，真正的青春是关于学习，至少，大部分人是如此努力的学习，为了进入理想的大学。电影所刻画的弥补了一些人的青春，对于他们没有机会去体验这些东西。我们不应该被电影误导，对于青少年来说，他们的工作是学习，这样他们才能有一个美好的未来。
高中英语作文范文80词
I like English. I think I can share my English learning method with you. First of all, develop interest on English. My way to make it is to watch movies from abroad. At first, I will watch the movie with subtitle. Then I will remove the subtitle, only English left. Gradually, show great interest in English. Secondly, recite vocabularies. Vocabulary is the necessary foundation to start learn English. This time you have to force yourself to remember words. Thirdly, understand basic grammar thoroughly. It is hard for me to understand the meaning of a sentence if I don’t know the basic grammar. Last but not least is to speak more. The basic purpose to learn a language is to communicate. So talk in English as much as you can. And don’t worry about losing face, because everyone makes mistakes. Those are my methods.
我喜欢英语。我觉得我可以和你分享一下我的英语学习方法。首先，培养对英语的兴趣。我的方法是看国外电影。一开始，我会留着字幕一起看。之后我就会不看字幕，只留英文。渐渐地，我对英语表现出极大的兴趣。其次，背诵词汇。词汇是学习英语的必要根基。这一点你只能强迫自己去背了。第三，完全理解基本语法。如果我不懂基本语法，我会很难理解一整个句子的意思。最后但并非最不重要的是要多说。学习语言的基本目的就是进行沟通。因此，尽可能多的用英语交谈。不要担心丢脸，因为每个人都会犯错误的。这些就是我的方法。
英语作文100词左右带翻译——珍惜时间
Chinese Spring Festival celebrating the end of winter and the warmth of spring. It began in the last day of the lunar year, end in the 15th day of lunar New Year, also is the Lantern Festival. During the Spring Festival, people use red lantern and Spring Festival couplets decorate a house, put on all kinds of colored clothes, often
An English proverb says that time is money. I consider it (this) wrong. Why? Because we all know that we can earn money be work but can not in any way get back time (in anyway). For this reason, we may (can) say that time is more valuable than money.
Many people do not know the value of time. It (this) is indeed a great pity. We must bear (keep) in mind that wasting time is equal to wasting your life.
【翻译】英国有句谚语说，时间就是金钱。我认为这是不对的。为什么？因为我们大家都知道我们能够用工作赚钱，但无论如何却无法把时间争取回来。基于此种理由，我们可以说时间比钱钱更宝贵。
许多人不知爱惜时光。这确实是可惜的。我们必须记住浪费时间等于浪费生命。
英语作文写作是英语学习的重要内容,也是英语学习的最终目标。下面，是我为你整理的高中英语作文议论文范文，希望对你有帮助!
高中英语作文议论文范文篇1
Encouraging Buying Cars Isn’t Fit For Today
目前不适合鼓励买车
Nowadays, we can often hear the discussion whether buying cars should be encouraged. Some people suggest that we should buy cars. But others claim that driving cars is not a wise idea. As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the latter opinion.
To begin with, there are few parking lots, so the streets are made narrower by the cars parked along the roads. For example, my father could not find any place to park when we went to the supermarket.
Moreover, many drivers do not obey regulations, because people do not pay enough attention to the rule of traffic. For instance, I often see people cross the road when the traffic lights are still red.
Last but not least, the growth of new roads’construction is usually slower than the increasing number of cars. For example, the length of the road has gone up by 20% in 2002. However, the number of cars increased by 50% in the meantime.
From what have been discussed above, we could draw a conclusion that encouraging buying cars is not fit for today.
as far as I am concerned 就我看
in favor of 赞成
to begin with 首先
for example =for instance 例如
moreover 并且
last but not least 其次
in the meantime 同时draw a conclusion 得出结论
高中英语作文议论文范文篇2
The Good and Bad Sides of Setting off Firecrackers
燃放鞭炮的利与弊
Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you about our discussion we had on the afternoon of last Wednesday about the good and bad sides of setting off firecrackers during the Spring Festival. 20 boy and 20 girl students attended the discussion. As a result, 40% of them believe that setting off firecrackers certainly adds pleasure and joy to the festival, therefore, it is a wonderful tradition. But another 40% of the students think that setting off firecrackers causes air and noise pollution, and what’s worse, it sometimes causes terrible accidents to us and to our property. The other 20% have never thought about it or don’t care a bit.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
the good and bad sides of setting off firecrackers
燃放鞭炮的利与弊
as a result 结果
It is a wonderful tradition. 它是一个优良传统。
what’s worse 更糟的是
think about 想起，想到
高中英语作文议论文范文篇3
Disability
残疾
There are too many disabled people in the world. They have no differences from country to country. Some of them were disabled when they were born, the others were injured or hurt in all kinds of accidents, which made them disabled. Almost all of us feel sorry for them. We commiserate with them because they are another kind of people. But some disabled people refuse others’commiseration. They think they can do everything by themselves. They don’t consider themselves as people who have defects. They think they are the same as normal people.
In fact, a great number of people with disabilities should be taken care of by others. They get help from the government or some beneficent organizations in society. But that’s not enough. They must look after themselves on their own. When a baby with disabilities is born, it should be taught to learn some particular skills to live. Or else, it would fail in the future. So one with disabilities must have abundant confidence to fit the hard life without others’help.
too many disabled people 太多残疾人
commiserate with them 同情他们
consider themselves as 把自己当作……
the same as 和……同样
taken care of 照看，照顾
look after themselves on their own 自己照顾自己
or else 否则in the future 将来
议论文是以议论为主要表达方式，通过摆事实，讲道理，直接表达作者的观点和主张的常用文体。接下来给大家分享英语议论文模板及范文，供参考。
Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)
However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)
Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
Nowadays,there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive
aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To
begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same
time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
Shall we send children to study abroad?
With more and more people becoming rich in recent years, it is a new tendency for them to send their children to study abroad. But I don’t think it is a good idea. First of all, children are too young to look after themselves. Second, the language barrier is a serious problem. Many children are not proficient in the foreign language before going abroad. As a result, they have difficulty in understanding what the native speakers are talking about. Third, they may get into trouble when dealing with various situations for lack of knowledge of the customs in the strange land. Furthermore, the cost of living is much higher than that in our country, which might cause a heavy burden to the family. #p#分页标题#e#
In conclusion, there are more disadvantages in sending children to study abroad. So, we’d better not do it.
写英语议论文时，有么有万能的写作模板可以套用?下面是我给大家整理的议论文英语作文模板，供大家参阅!
导入：
第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文：
第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势) 结论：
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论) オ
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文：
第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法)
结论：
第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对) The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下)
正文：
第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由)
结论：
第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总-分-总"结构)
导入：
第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
正文：
第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) The reasons are listed as follows. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由)
第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点)
Here are the reasons. In the first place... What's more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由)
结论：
第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点) オ
Dear Editor:
[引出话题] I’m a senior three student. I’m writing to tell you my opinion on whethermiddle school students can go to school with mobile phones. [赞成]I think they can do that. Because students can keep in touch with their friends and family wherever they are. Besides, the mobile phone is a way to have fun.
[反对] However, every coin has 2 sides. There are some problems with using mobile phones. The ring of phones can disturb teachers and students in the classroom. Another students is that some students can spend too much time and money on phone calls and sending messages.
[个人观点] In conclusion, I suggest students not use phones in the classroom. Also, as it is expensive, the owner should take good care of it.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
导语：议论文是 英语写作 中的一种体裁，下面是我收集整理的英语议论文万能写作模板，希望对你有帮助!
一.开头句型
far as ...is concerned 就……而言 比如说：就我而言 As far as I concerned 2 It can be said with certainty that... +从句 可以肯定地说......
the proverb says， 正如 谚语 所说的， 可以用来引用名言名句
4 .It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，...
5 .Its generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...
6 .Its likely that ... 这可能是因为...
7 .Its hardly that... 这是很难的......
8 Theres no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认
9 .Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…
10 .whats far more important is that... 更重要的是…
二.衔接句型
case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...
3 But the problem is not so simple. Therefore，+句子 ( 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……) 4 .But its a pity that... 但遗憾的是… it’s a pity that….遗憾的是。。。
5 In spite of the fact that...尽管事实...... In spite of 尽管
6 .Further, we hold opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，...
7 .However , the difficulty lies in..+名词或者动名词 .然而，困难在于…
, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意...
9 As it has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的… (可以用来对前面所说的话进行补充说明)
this respect, 从这个角度上
, 然而…
三.结尾句型
will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…
, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信…
things considered,总而言之 = In a word=In conclusion
It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......
, in my opinion,因此，在我看来，
what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…
data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是，....
can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来，如果……也许更好
四.举例句型
1. Here is one more example这里有不止一个的例子
… for example.就拿……为例子
五.常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…
To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for thee reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。
2. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为… 1
3. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意….这一观点的说法…
4. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展，越来越多…
5 It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…
6. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者的观点。
六 表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法
1. A is completely different from B. (A和B完全不同)
2 The difference between A and B is lies in +名词或者动名词 ( A和B不同的地方是。。。) .
七 演绎法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……，但一般，他们可以归结为三个主要的。
2. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题，但下面的可能是最有效的。 ( 可以用在保护环境等话题的作文)
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说，这些优势可以列举如下。
5. The reasons are as follows. 。。。的理由如下 (可以用来列举理由原因)
八 因果推理法常用句型
we read the book, we have learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
refute dissertation
counterargue treatise
驳论文通常由三种段落组成:1)引入段(Introductory paragraph); 2)主体段(Body para-graph);3)结尾段(Conclusion paragraph)。引入段是文章的导言。作者往往在导言中点明文章的主题或中心论点。在引入段,要提出文章的中心论点。在结尾段,驳论文要重申作者的观点，形成结论，以强调论证效果。主体段则采用“欲扬先抑,欲擒故纵”的方法,先承认对方的观点有一定的道理,然后笔锋陡转,批驳对方的片面观点,阐述反驳的理由。
Three Days to See