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你好~！ 在露易莎·梅·奥尔科特的著名小说《小妇人》中，女主人公乔拒绝了完美的邻家男孩——洛里的爱，而嫁给了父辈的贝尔教授。这个令人伤感的结局给一代代的读者们带来了无穷遗憾，也引起了批评家们的激烈争论。本文认为，她的拒绝不仅来自于她的叛逆性格，她对自由、女性空间和男性力量的深切而本能的欲望，而且来自于她偏执狂般的维护一个充满慈爱、自我满足的女性社区的欲望。她的拒绝是自我挫败式的，但也确实张扬了自己的个性。故事的结局是一个叛逆和现实之间对抗的无奈的妥协。。。。 。。。更多资源来自：
怎么写开题报告呢？首先要把在准备工作当中搜集的资料整理出来，包括课题名称、课题内容、课题的理论依据、参加人员、组织安排和分工、大概需要的时间、经费的估算等等。第一是标题的拟定。课题在准备工作中已经确立了，所以开题报告的标题是不成问题的，把你研究的课题直接写上就行了。比如我曾指导过一组同学对伦教的文化诸如“伦教糕”、伦教木工机械、伦教文物等进行研究，拟定的标题就是“伦教文化研究”。第二就是内容的撰写。开题报告的主要内容包括以下几个部分：一、课题研究的背景。 所谓课题背景，主要指的是为什么要对这个课题进行研究，所以有的课题干脆把这一部分称为“问题的提出”，意思就是说为什么要提出这个问题，或者说提出这个课题。比如我曾指导的一个课题“伦教文化研究”，背景说明部分里就是说在改革开放的浪潮中，伦教作为珠江三角洲一角，在经济迅速发展的同时，她的文化发展怎么样，有哪些成就，对居民有什么影响，有哪些还要改进的。当然背景所叙述的内容还有很多，既可以是社会背景，也可以是自然背景。关键在于我们所确定的课题是什么。二、课题研究的内容。课题研究的内容，顾名思义，就是我们的课题要研究的是什么。比如我校黄姝老师的指导的课题“佛山新八景”，课题研究的内容就是：“以佛山新八景为重点，考察佛山历史文化沉淀的昨天、今天、明天，结合佛山经济发展的趋势，拟定开发具有新佛山、新八景、新气象的文化旅游的可行性报告及开发方案。”三、课题研究的目的和意义。课题研究的目的，应该叙述自己在这次研究中想要达到的境地或想要得到的结果。比如我校叶少珍老师指导的“重走长征路”研究课题，在其研究目标一栏中就是这样叙述的：1、通过再现长征历程，追忆红军战士的丰功伟绩，对长征概况、长征途中遇到了哪些艰难险阻、什么是长征精神，有更深刻的了解和感悟。2、通过小组同学间的分工合作、交流、展示、解说，培养合作参与精神和自我展示能力。3、通过本次活动，使同学的信息技术得到提高，进一步提高信息素养。四、课题研究的方法。在“课题研究的方法”这一部分，应该提出本课题组关于解决本课题问题的门路或者说程序等。一般来说，研究性学习的课题研究方法有：实地调查考察法(通过组织学生到所研究的处所实地调查，从而得出结论的方法)、问卷调查法（根据本课题的情况和自己要了解的内容设置一些问题，以问卷的形式向相关人员调查的方法）、人物采访法（直接向有关人员采访，以掌握第一手材料的方法）、文献法（通过查阅各类资料、图表等,分析、比较得出结论）等等。在课题研究中，应该根据自己课题的实际情况提出相关的课题研究方法，不一定面面俱到，只要实用就行。五、课题研究的步骤。课题研究的步骤，当然就是说本课题准备通过哪几步程序来达到研究的目的。所以在这一部分里应该着重思考的问题就是自己的课题大概准备分几步来完成。一般来说课题研究的基本步骤不外乎是以下几个方面：准备阶段、查阅资料阶段、实地考察阶段、问卷调查阶段、采访阶段、资料的分析整理阶段、对本课题的总结与反思阶段等。六、课题参与人员及组织分工。这属于对本课题研究的管理范畴，但也不可忽视。因为管理不到位，学生不能明确自己的职责，有时就会偷懒或者互相推诿，有时就会做重复劳动。因此课题参与人员的组织分工是不可少的。最好是把所有的参与研究的学生分成几个小组，每个小组通过民主选举的方式推选出小组长，由小组长负责本小组的任务分派和落实。然后根据本课题的情况，把相关的研究任务分割成几大部分，一个小组负责一个部分。最后由小组长组织人员汇总和整理。七、课题的经费估算。一个课题要开展，必然需要一些经费来启动，所以最后还应该大概地估算一下本课题所需要 的资金是多少，比如搜集资料需要多少钱，实地调查的外出经费，问卷调查的印刷和分发的费用，课题组所要占用的场地费，有些课题还需要购买一些相关的材料，结题报告等资料的印刷费等等。所谓“大军未动，粮草先行”，没有足够的资金作后盾，课题研究势必举步维艰，捉襟见肘，甚至于半途而废。因此，课题的经费也必须在开题之初就估算好，未雨绸缪，才能真正把本课题的研究做到最好。
Alcott prefaces Little Women with an excerpt from John Bunyan’s seventeenth-century work The Pilgrim’s Progress, an allegorical novel about leading a Christian life. Alcott’s story begins with the four March girls—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy—sitting in their living room, lamenting their poverty. The girls decide that they will each buy themselves a present in order to brighten their Christmas. Soon, however, they change their minds and decide that instead of buying presents for themselves, they will buy presents for their mother, Marmee. Marmee comes home with a letter from Mr. March, the girls’ father, who is serving as a Union chaplain in the Civil War. The letter inspires the girls to bear their burdens more cheerfully and not to complain about their Christmas morning, the girls wake up to find books, probably copies of The Pilgrim’s Progress, under their pillows. Later that day, Marmee encourages them to give away their breakfast to a poor family, the Hummels. Their elderly neighbor, Mr. Laurence, whom the girls have never met, rewards their charitable activities by sending over a feast. Soon, Meg and Jo are invited to attend a New Year’s Party at the home of Meg’s wealthy friend, Sally Gardiner. At the party, Jo retreats to an alcove, and there meets Laurie, the boy who lives with Mr. Laurence. While dancing, Meg sprains her ankle. Laurie escorts the sisters home. The Marches regret having to return to their daily routine after the holiday visits Laurie when he is sick, and meets his grandfather, Mr. Laurence. She inadvertently insults a painting of Mr. Laurence in front of the man himself. Luckily, Laurie’s grandfather admires Jo’s spunk, and they become friends. Soon, Mr. Laurence meets all the sisters, and Beth becomes his special favorite. Mr. Laurence gives her his deceased granddaughter’s girls have various adventures. Amy is caught trading limes at school, and the teacher hits her as punishment. As a result, Mrs. March withdraws her daughter from school. Jo refuses to let Amy go with her to the theater. In retaliation, Amy burns Jo’s manuscript, and Jo, in her anger, nearly lets Amy drown while ice-s-kating. Pretty Meg attends her friend Annie Moffat’s party and, after allowing the other girls to dress her up in high style, learns that appearances are not everything. While at the party, she hears that people think she intends to marry Laurie for his year, the Marches form the Pickwick Club, in which they write a family newspaper. In the spring, Jo smuggles Laurie into one of the club meetings, and he becomes a member, presenting his new circle with a postbox. At the beginning of June, the Marches decide to neglect their housework. At the end of a lazy week, Marmee takes a day off too. The girls spoil a dinner, but everyone ends up laughing over it. One day, Laurie has English friends over, and the Marches go on a picnic with them. Later, Jo gets a story published for the first dark day, the family receives a telegram saying that Mr. March is sick in the hospital in Washington, . Marmee goes to tend to him, and Jo sells her hair to help finance the trip. Chaos ensues in Marmee’s wake, for the girls neglect their chores again. Only Beth goes to visit the Hummels, and after one of her visits, she contracts scarlet fever from the Hummel baby. Beth teeters on the brink of death until Marmee returns. Meanwhile, Amy spends time at Aunt March’s house in order to escape the disease. Beth recovers, though not completely, and Mr. Brooke, Laurie’s tutor, falls in love with Meg, much to Jo’s dismay. Mr. Brooke and Meg are engaged by the end of Part One. Three years pass before Part Two begins. Mr. March is home from the war, and Laurie is nearly done with school. Soon, Meg marries and moves into a new home with Mr. Brooke. One day, Amy decides to have a lunch for her art school classmates, but poor weather ruins the festivities. Jo gets a novel published, but she must cut it down in order to please her publishers. Meanwhile, Meg struggles with the duties of keeping house, and she soon gives birth to twins, Demi and Daisy. Amy gets to go to Paris instead of Jo, who counted on the trip, because their Aunt Carroll prefers Amy’s ladylike behavior in a begins to think that Beth loves Laurie. In order to escape Laurie’s affections for her, Jo moves to New York so as to give Beth a chance to win his affections. There Jo meets Professor Bhaer, a poor German language instructor. Professor Bhaer discourages Jo from writing sensationalist stories, and she takes his advice and finds a simpler writing style. When Jo returns home, Laurie proposes to her, but she turns him down. Beth soon and Laurie reunite in France, and they fall in love. They marry and return home. Jo begins to hope that Professor Bhaer will come for her. He does, and they marry a year later. Amy and Laurie have a daughter named Beth, who is sickly. Jo inherits Plumfield, Aunt March’s house, and decides to turn it into a boarding school for boys. The novel ends with the family happily gathered together, each sister thankful for her blessings and for each other.
能看看你当时写的开题报告吗 做个参考
应该符合你的要求.第一段是总体介绍和写作背景,第二段是内容概括以及作品影响.不需要再去参考资料中找. Little Women is a novel published in 1868 and written by American author Louisa May Alcott. The story concerns the lives and loves of four sisters growing up during the American Civil War. It was based on Alcott's own experiences as a child in Concord, Massachusetts with her three sisters, Anna, May, and Elizabeth. Little Women is the story of The Marches, a family used to hard toil and suffering. Although Father March is away with the Union armies, the sisters Meg, Jo, Amy and Beth keep in high spirits with their mother, affectionately named Marmee. Their friendly gift of a Christmas holiday breakfast to a neighbouring family is an act of generosity rewarded with wealthy Mr. Laurence's gift of a surprise Christmas feast. However, despite their efforts to be good, the girls show faults: the pretty Meg becomes discontented with the children she teaches; boyish Jo loses her temper regularly; while the golden-haired schoolgirl Amy is inclined towards affectation. However, Beth, who keeps the house is always kind and gentle. After certain happy times winning over the Laurences, dark times arrive as Marmee finds out about her husband's illness. Worse is to come as Beth contracts scarlet fever in her Samaritan efforts for a sick neighbour and becomes more or less an invalid. The novel tells of their progress into young womanhood with the additional strains of romance, Beth's terminal illness, the pressures of marriage and the outside world. This is the story of their growing maturity and wisdom and the search for the contentedness of family life. It was written in 1867 and is a fictionalised biography of Alcott and her sisters. It has become a much loved classic tale and, while some of its issues seem outdated, many of the trials of the sisters are all too relevant today as evidenced by its continued following.
你好~！ 在露易莎·梅·奥尔科特的著名小说《小妇人》中，女主人公乔拒绝了完美的邻家男孩——洛里的爱，而嫁给了父辈的贝尔教授。这个令人伤感的结局给一代代的读者们带来了无穷遗憾，也引起了批评家们的激烈争论。本文认为，她的拒绝不仅来自于她的叛逆性格，她对自由、女性空间和男性力量的深切而本能的欲望，而且来自于她偏执狂般的维护一个充满慈爱、自我满足的女性社区的欲望。她的拒绝是自我挫败式的，但也确实张扬了自己的个性。故事的结局是一个叛逆和现实之间对抗的无奈的妥协。。。。 。。。更多资源来自：
能看看你当时写的开题报告吗 做个参考
文献综述不应是对已有文献的重复、罗列和一般性介绍，而应是对以往研究的优点、不足和贡献的批判性分析与评论。因此，文献综述应包括综合提炼和分析评论双重含义。写文献综述时，要有研究依据，不能凭空想象，要做到客观、公平、公正。最后，你知道怎么写文献综述吗？？文献综述的写作这些技巧你掌握了没？写作文献综述之前查找文献是尤其重要的环节，首先文献一定要是最新的研究进展，并且研究结果具有代表性！要相关性高的文章，要权威性高的文章，要一手文献。文献综述的文献数量不需要太多，10篇左右的文献即可。要把握住每一篇文献的要点进行阐述！ 文献综述格式一般包括：①引言部分：包括对研究背景、意义方面进行展开写作。依据研究实际需要，有选择地凸显研究的综述目的的意义、问题背景、文献研究的范围等重要信息。②正文部分：是文献综述的主要内容，对研究的现状、内容、方法、已解决的问题和尚存的问题、重点以及发展趋势进行表述，可以更加明确研究方向，方便方便导师对研究内容的快速了解，并且需要阐述研究的创新点。③结论部分：对研究进行总结归纳，表述对本课题的研究意见，可以具体描述尚未解决的问题。要具备创新性，不是照搬，要进行比较分析，形成自己的观点。其次要具有评述性，通过述归纳总结，引导出对课题今后发展动向或者趋势的说明。总结目前研究需要解决的问题，研究成果的意义和价值，提出新的研究设想和研究内容。④文献部分：列出参考文献，使研究内容更加具有说服力，增加依据，便于读者进一步检索。要注意格式正确，保证格式不出错！ 在写作文献综述的过程中要保持头脑清醒，逻辑清晰，要了解自己要解决的问题是什么，前人是采用什么方法解决问题的？必须做到具有逻辑性！要记住，广泛阅读是基础，逻辑分析与归纳是关键，表达是最后的完美呈现。
论文的文献综述怎么写
在平平淡淡的日常中，大家都有写论文的经历，对论文很是熟悉吧，借助论文可以达到探讨问题进行学术研究的目的。相信许多人会觉得论文很难写吧，以下是我为大家整理的论文的文献综述怎么写，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
文献综述是在确定了选题后，在对选题所涉及的研究领域的文献进行广泛阅读和理解的基础上，对该研究领域的研究现状(包括主要学术观点、前人研究成果和研究水平、争论焦点、存在的问题及可能的原因等)、新水平、新动态、新技术和新发现、发展前景等内容进行综合分析、归纳整理和评论，并提出自己的见解和研究思路而写成的一种不同于毕业论文的文体。它要求作者既要对所查阅资料的主要观点进行综合整理、陈述，还要根据自己的理解和认识，对综合整理后的文献进行比较专门的、全面的、深入的、系统的论述和相应的评价，而不仅仅是相关领域学术研究的“堆砌”。
文献综述是研究者在其提前阅读过某一主题的文献后，经过理解、整理、融会贯通，综合分析和评价而组成的一种不同于研究论文的文体。
检索和阅读文献是撰写综述的重要前提工作。一篇综述的质量如何，很大程度上取决于作者对本题相关的最新文献的掌握程度。如果没有做好文献检索和阅读工作，就去撰写综述，是决不会写出高水平的综述的。
好的文献综述，不但可以为下一步的学位论文写作奠定一个坚实的理论基础和提供某种延伸的契机，而且能表明写本综述的作者对既有研究文献的归纳分析和梳理整合的综合能力，从而有助于提高对学位论文水平的总体评价。
在《怎样做文献综述——六步走向成功》中，劳伦斯·马奇和布伦达·麦克伊沃提出了文献综述的六步模型，将文献综述的过程分为六步：选择主题、文献搜索、展开论证、文献研究、文献批评和综述撰写。
文献综述根据研究的目的不同，可分为基本文献综述和高级文献综述两种。基本文献综述是对有关研究课题的现有知识进行总结和评价，以陈述现有知识的状况;高级文献综述则是在选择研究兴趣和主题之后，对相关文献进行回顾，确立研究论题，再提出进一步的研究，从而建立一个研究项目。
相关格式
总的来说，一般都包含以下四部分：即摘要、引言、主体和参考文献。
这是因为研究性的论文注重研究的方法、结果、动态和进展。
摘要和关键词
摘要限200字以内。摘要要具有独立性和自含性，不应出现图表、冗长的公式和非公知的符号、缩略语。摘要后须给出3-5个关键词，中间应用分号“;”分隔。
引言部分
引言部分，主要是说明写作的目的，介绍有关的概念、定义以及综述的范围，扼要说明有关主题的研究现状或争论焦点，使读者对全文要叙述的问题有一个初步的轮廓。前言，要用简明扼要的文字说明写作的目的、必要性、有关概念的定义，综述的范围，阐述有关问题的现状和动态，以及对主要问题争论的焦点等。前言一般200-300字为宜，不宜超过500字。
在综述的引言(或者导言、介绍)部分要写清以下内容：
(1)首先要说明写作的目的，定义综述主题、问题和研究领域。
(2)指出有关综述主题已发表文献的总体趋势，阐述有关概念的定义。
(3)规定综述的范围、包括专题涉及的学科范围和时间范围，必须声明引用文献起止的年份，解释、分析和比较文献以及组织综述次序的准则。
(4)扼要说明有关问题的.现况或争论焦点，引出所写综述的核心主题，这是广大读者最关心而又感兴趣的，也是写作综述的主线。
主题部分
主题部分是综述的主体。其写法多样，没有固定的格式。可按文献发表的年代顺序综述，也可按不同的问题进行综述，还可按不同的观点进行比较综述，不管用哪一种格式综述，都要将所搜集到的文献资料归纳、整理及分析比较，阐明引言部分所确立综述主题的历史背景、现状和发展方向，以及对这些问题的评述，主题部分应特别注意代表性强、具有科学性和创造性的文献引用和评述。主题内容根据综述的类型可以灵活选择结构安排。
主题的层次标题应简短明了，以15字为限，不用标点符号，其层次的划分及编号一律使用阿拉伯数字分级编号法(不含引言部分)，一般用两级，第三级上用圆括号()中间加数字的形式标识。
插图应精选，具有自明性，勿与文中的文字和表格重复。插图下方应注明图序和图名。
表格应精心设计，结构简洁，便于操作，并具有自明性，内容勿与正文、插图重复。表格应采用三线表，可适当加注辅助线，但不能用斜线和竖线。表格上方应注明表序和表名。
正文，是综述的重点，写法上没有固定的格式，只要能较好地表达综合的内容，作者可创造性采用诸多形式。正文主要包括论据和论证两个部分，通过提出问题、分析问题和解决问题，比较不同学者对同一问题的看法及其理论依据，进一步阐明问题的来龙去脉和作者自己的见解。当然，作者也可从问题发生的历史背景、目前现状、发展方向等提出文献的不同观点。正文部分可根据内容的多少可分为若干个小标题分别论述。小结，是对综述正文部分作扼要的总结，作者应对各种观点进行综合评价，提出自己的看法，指出存在的问题及今后发展的方向和展望。内容单纯的综述也可不写小结。
参考文献
参考文献是综述的重要组成部分。一般参考文献的多少可体现作者阅读文献的广度和深度。对综述类论文参考文献的数量不同杂志有不同的要求，一般以30条以内为宜，以3-5年内的最新文献为主。
学术论文参考文献的著录格式
1.专著：[序号]作者.书名[M].版本(第1版不著录).出版地:出版者,出版年.起止页码.
2.期刊:[序号]作者.题名[J].刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码.
3.会议论文集(或汇编):[序号]作者.题名[A].编者.论文集名[C].出版地:出版者,出版年.起止页码.
4.学位论文:[序号]作者.题名[D].学位授予地址：学位授予单位，年份.
5.专利:[序号]专利申请者.专利题名[P].专利国别(或地区):专利号,出版日期.
6.科技报告:[序号]著者.报告题名[R].编号，出版地：出版者，出版年.起止页码.
7.标准:[序号]标准编号，标准名称[S].颁布日期.
8.报纸文章:[序号]作者.题名[N].报纸名，年-月-日(版次).
9.电子文献:[序号]主要责任者.电子文献题名[电子文献及载体类型标识].电子文献的出处或可获得地址，发表或更新日期/引用日期(任选).
10.各种未定义类型的文献:[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[Z].出版地：出版者，出版年.
注意事项
1、搜集文献应尽量全。掌握全面、大量的文献资料是写好综述的前提，否则，随便搜集一点资料就动手撰写是不可能写出好的综述。
2、注意引用文献的代表性、可靠性和科学性。在搜集到的文献中可能出现观点雷同，有的文献在可靠性及科学性方面存在着差异，因此在引用文献时应注意选用代表性、可靠性和科学性较好的文献。
3、引用文献要忠实文献内容。由于文献综述有作者自己的评论分析，因此在撰写时应分清作者的观点和文献的内容，不能篡改文献的内容。引用文献不过多。文献综述的作者引用间接文献的现象时有所见。如果综述作者从他人引用的参考文献转引过来，这些文献在他人引用时是否恰当，有无谬误，综述作者是不知道的，所以最好不要间接转引文献。
4、参考文献不能省略。有的科研论文可以将参考文献省略，但文献综述绝对不能省略，而且应是文中引用过的，能反映主题全貌的并且是作者直接阅读过的文献资料。
5、综述篇幅不可太长。杂志编辑部对综述的字数一般都有一定数量的约定。作者在初写综述时，往往不注意这点，造成虚话、空话较多，重点不突出。综述一般不宜超过4000字。综述并不是简单的文献罗列，综述一定有作者自己的综合和归纳。有的综述只是将文献罗列，看上去像流水账，没有作者自己的综合与分析，使人看后感到重复、费解，材料与评述不协调。
6、一些作者似乎把论文的引言看成是一种形式，是可有可无的部分，将引言的写作和正文的写作相分离，只是为了给论文加一顶帽子。常见的现象是，一般化地论述研究的重要性，甚至从技术所涉及的行业在国民经济中的地位开始谈起，就像一篇领导的讲话稿。就是落脚于研究的主题，也是从宏观谈起到微观结束，停留在一般性的论述较多。显然，这样做的结果是使读者无法准确地判断“论文命题”的具体价值，缺少对当前研究状况的概括和介绍，不知道作者的研究与以往的研究工作有什么不同?因此，科技论文的引言必须交代研究工作的背景，概括性地论述所研究问题的现状。对研究现状的论述，不仅是考查作者对资料的占有程度和熟悉程度，更重要的是从资料的全面程度和新旧程度可以判断研究工作的意义和价值，以及研究结果的可信度。
7、引文罗列，缺少分析和概括。引言不仅要反映背景的广度，更重要的是要考查作者对研究背景了解的深度。一般作者对研究的问题了解不深，在介绍研究现状时往往是列出一大堆参考文献，罗列出不同研究者的不同作法和结论，缺乏作者的分析和归纳，没有概括出研究的成果和存在的问题，有的甚至将一些与本文研究没有直接关系的文献也列在其中，片面地强调资料占有的丰富性。尽管有人认为，对研究现状的介绍不同的杂志有不同的要求，但从论文写作的角度出发，引言的目的是阐述论文命题的意义，而并非是研究资料的综述，尽管综述对读者查找资料提供了方便。因此，应当用作者自己的语言概括出研究的现状，特别是存在的难点和不足，从而引出论文研究的主题。
文献综述是文献综合评述的简称，指在全面搜集、阅读大量的有关研究文献的基础上，经过归纳整理、分析鉴别，对所研究的问题(学科、专题)在一定时期内已经取得的研究成果、存在问题以及新的发展趋势等进行系统、全面的叙述和评论。“综”即收集“百家”之言，综合分析整理;“述”即结合作者的观点和实践经验对文献的观点、结论进行叙述和评论。其目的并不是将可能找到的文章列出，而是要在辨别相关资料的基础上，根据自己的论文来综合与评估这些资料。一个成功的文献综述，能够以其系统的分析评价和有根据的趋势预测，为新课题的确立提供强有力的支持和论证。
一、文献综述的作用与目的
文献综述要针对某个研究主题，就目前学术界的成果加以探究。文献综述旨在整合此研究主题的特定领域中已经被思考过与研究过的信息，并将此议题上的权威学者所作的努力进行系统地展现、归纳和评述。在决定论文研究题目之前，通常必须关注的几个问题是：研究所属的领域或者其他领域，对这个间题已经知道多少;已完成的研究有哪些;以往的建议与对策是否成功;有没有建议新的研究方向和议题。简而言之，文献综述是一切合理研究的基础。
大多数研究生并不考虑这些问题，就直接进行文献探讨，将在短时间内找到的现有文献做简略引述或归类，也不作批判。甚至与论文研究的可行性、必要性也无关。
其实回顾的目的就是想看看什么是探索性研究，所以必须主动积极地扩大研究文献的来源。也只有这样，才可能增加研究的假设与变量，以改进研究的设计。
文献综述至少可达到的基本目的有：让读者熟悉现有研究主题领域中有关研究的进展与困境;提供后续研究者的思考：未来研究是否可以找出更有意义与更显著的结果;对各种理论的立场说明，可以提出不同的概念架构;作为新假设提出与研究理念的基础，对某现象和行为进行可能的解释;识别概念间的前提假设，理解并学习他人如何界定与衡量关键概念;改进与批判现有研究的不足，推出另类研究，发掘新的研究方法与途径，验证其他相关研究。
总之，研究文献不仅可帮助确认研究主题，也可找出对研究的问题的不同见解。发表过的研究报告和学术论文就是重要的问题来源，对论文的回顾会提供宝贵的资料以及研究可行性的范例。
二、文献综述中常见的问题
文献综述可以帮助新研究者在现有知识的基础上不断创新，所以撰写此章节时，要向读者交代论文不同于先前研究之所在。它是一个新的有关此类研究主题方面的重要的学术研究。但是研究生在撰写文献综述过程中易犯以下四种错误：
1.大量罗列堆砌文章
误认为文献综述的目的是显示对其他相关研究的了解程度，结果导致很多文献综述不是以所研究的问题为中心来展开，而变成了读书心得清单。
2.轻易放弃研究批判的权利
我国高等院校多以本校学生考本校研究生者居多，因而往往出现大量引用自己导师的研究成果而不注意其他同行的研究成果的现象，学生担心学位论文答辩通不过，所以难得见到学生批判导师已有研究的不足;遇到名校名师，学生更易放弃自己批判的权利。由于大量引用他人的著作，每段话均以谁说为起始，结果使自己的论文成为他人研究有效与否的验证报告，无法说服读者相信自己的论文有重要贡献。
3.回避和放弃研究冲突另辟蹊径
对有较多学术争议的研究主题，或发现现有的研究结论互相矛盾时，有些研究生的论文就回避矛盾，进行一个自认为是创新的研究。其实将这些冲突全部放弃，就意味着放弃一大堆有价值的资料，并且这个所谓的创新，因为不跟任何现有的研究相关与比较，没有引用价值，会被后人所放弃。遇到不协调或者互相矛盾的研究发现，尽管要花费更多的时间来处理，但是不要避重就轻，甚至主动放弃。其实这些不协调或者冲突是很有价值的，应多加利用。将现有文献的冲突与矛盾加以整合是必要的，新研究比旧研究具有更好、更强的解释力，原因之一是新的研究会将过去的所得做一番整合与改善。
4.选择性地探讨文献
有些研究生不是系统化地回顾现有的研究文献，找出适合研究的问题或可预测的假设，却宣称某种研究缺乏文献，从而自认他们的研究是探索性研究。如果有选择性地探讨现有文献，则文献综述就变成了研究生主观愿望的反映，成了一种机会性的回顾。
因此一定要进行系统的、全面的文献综述，以严谨的科学设计来寻找、评估以及整合科学研究的证据，确保文献综述完整不偏。要端正学风，勇于探索和不回避冲突。分析冲突的原因、方法与结论，可以为未来的研究及论文奠定成功的。
格式：多次引用的文献，每处的页码或页码范围（有的刊物也将能指示引用文献位置的信息视为页码）分别列于每处参考文献的序号标注处，置于方括号后（仅列数字，不加“p”或“页”等前后文字、字符）并作上标。参考文献类型及文献类型，根据GB3469-83《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定，以单字母方式标识：专著M；报纸N；期刊J；专利文献P；汇编G；古籍O；技术标准S；学位论文D；科技报告R；参考工具K；检索工具W；档案B；录音带A；图表Q；唱片L；产品样本X；录相带V；会议录C；中译文T；乐谱I；电影片Y；手稿H；微缩胶卷U；幻灯片Z；微缩平片F；其他E。
文献综述是对论文选题研究现状的梳理，但并不仅仅是把文献进行简单的堆砌与罗列，而是需要在总结梳理别人研究的同时，对已有的研究做出评价，也就是说有述有评，这也是为什么文献综述也叫做文献述评的原因。
换书的话，不是会比较来不及吗？倒不如想一些比较独特的个人观点，另辟蹊径
《小妇人》出版后成为公认的美国名著，100多年以来，一直受到热烈的欢迎。我为大家带来几篇《小妇人》读后感供大家阅读。下面是我为你们整理的内容，希望你们喜欢。 小妇人读后感英文版篇1
Under the formidable war background, concerns national and collective destiny and the honor time, individual all are such not worthy of mentioning. Perhaps gradually will retreat its trace to a national war along with the years, but to an ordinary ordinary person, a bullet sufficiently will change his only life.
I think perhaps the man most sorrowful is inside this actor's final feeling, originally is most own two people simultaneously leaves himself.
" A FAREWELL TO ARMS " this novel quite successful, makes one feel clear credible, this is and the author has attended the First World War personally, and has been seriously injured, has stayed in the hospital, has the personal life to experience and directly felts the experience not to be able to separate. In performance method, what the author uses is the Chinese reader very familiar novel skill, namely lets character own words and deeds move the reader, but does not make any discussion, he is also good at causing the scenery and the plot, the character organically fuses in together, achieves serves the plot, character's positive effect. The novel is popular in the language aspect writing, uses some basic vocabularies, the sentence type to be simple mostly, mostly uses Jian Danju. Anglicizing, is very good, therefore is good for both young and old, appeals to both cultured and popular tastes, this is the artistic achievement which this novel obtains.
" A FAREWELL TO ARMS "opposed that war’s distinct subject and the mature artistic skill have had the emormous influence,the greatest degree had reflected after First World War,a youth generation the mood which visits the fear and is at a loss,is all the rage the world very quickly.
小妇人读后感英文版篇2
Today, i have read the book "Little Women" .The deepest feeling is it is simple to be happy! Happiness is kinship, friendship, health, labor and peace of mind. Having it, people just feel no
当品读完一部作品后，相信你一定有很多值得分享的收获，不能光会读哦，写一篇读后感吧。那么我们如何去写读后感呢？以下是我为大家整理的小妇人英语读后感（通用6篇），供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
Before I read this book， I had watched a cartoon movie made by Japan. So I have a strong interest on it. It all begins in the dead of winter； The Christmas Season. The coldest one of all， were the war has made fuel for heating very scarce. While her husband is off at war， Marmee is left alone to raise their four daughters： Jo， Meg， Beth， and Amy. On Christmas Eve， Marmee has just arrived home from passing out food to the less fortunate with a letter from her husband， the girls father.
The all gather together around the fire to read the letter. Afterwards， the girls are teary eyed. Marmee kisses them and they are off to bed. Jo is longing to become a writer. So， every night she stays up late writing the script for soap operas. As morning comes she is the last one awake.
The table is set， and food prepared for their Christmas feast. As dusk falls， the girls are all up in the attic acting out Jos play， which she reads from the local （fake） newspaper. As they are performing， their rich， next—door neighbors grandson watches from the window. The 2 oldest girls： Jo and Meg， get ready to attend the Christmas Ball. While Jo is curling Megs hair， there is a strange smell to the air.
Amy screams， Megs hair is being singed. They continue digging through the old clothes bin for a pair of white gloves. One of the prominent themes in Little Women is the coming of age or maturation of the girls. During the course of the novel we see them grow in many ways —— physically， intellectually， and especially emotionally.
One question which readers must ask themselves is whether the views the characters have on the coming of age process are shared by Alcott. If they arent， what are Alcotts views and how do they differ from those of the women in her story？
It is interesting to examine the last half of Chapter 20， "Confidential." Jo addresses the maturation issue as she speaks with Marmee of the situation between Meg and Mr. Brooke.
The possible love between these two represents one of the very important aspects in coming of age for a teenage girl. Jo treats this natural process as if it were some sort of disease， however. Jo cannot understand why Meg would want to stop behaving "like a sensible creature" （）， and refers to love as "such nonsense." This book tell me how to deal with the family affairs. We should know the love between the members.
Little woman" is an autobiography novel properties with the family， the author is American Alcott.
This book was written in four different character marches through their own kind of girl， hardworking and found myself happy story. Novels have dropped the ups and downs of the rock， no fascinating plot of suspense， but the author use si—mp—le language describes marges family love. Their kindness， love and affection loyalty to deeply touched me. The author describes the details of life is very ordinary， but everywhere to love， reveal the longing for a better life.
Marges girl although home， but they are poor in anything positive and optimistic attitude. They stressed the novel character and dignity， also show their self constraint， and become more independent of the four girls are common characteristics. They are constantly to find their own shortcomings and to correct. It is also worth everybody study.
I liked Meg， like her willingneto love， not for money poverty seduced by the character， like her fair maiden wind. I like Joe， like her， like her dream to strive for the firm determination. I like beth， like her quiet， do anything without complaining， like she always for others good moral character. I also like Amy， like her strong， the poor as Keats responsibility of poverty. They are not the same fate with the ideal， but they found a better ending.
In their opinion， home is their land and sacred shelter. They will listen carefully to the mothers teachings， will use his hands， intelligent nimble invented the brain to another creative mind and beautification of the game. Four sisters growth course is a rich taste of education. The author used neither luxuriant also not boring language shows us a great affection， human friendship and love. In my opinion， it seems that the four sisters， forever and their love and love their lives together is the happiest thing.
From them， I learned to strong， learn to understand content but cannot satisfy， I learned to hope for the future， and never to chasing the dream of optimism， I also learned mustdouble treasures have died， dont wait until they know lost. We should be careful that everyone has the advantages of not wear blinders only see the faults of others.
Meg， Joe， beth， Amy， they four strong， optimistic spirit will be stored in my heart. They smile will remain in my mind， reminding me： be strong， have a pure heart.
Little woman is an autobiography novel properties with the family， the author is American book was written in four different character marches through their own kind of girl， hardworking and found myself happy story.
Novels have dropped the ups and downs of the rock， no fascinating plot of suspense， but the author use simple language describes marge"s family love. Their kindness， love and affection loyalty to deeply touched me. The author describes the details of life is very ordinary， but everywhere to love， reveal the longing for a better "s girl although home， but they are poor in anything positive and optimistic attitude. They stressed the novel character and dignity， also show their self constraint， and become more independent of the four girls are common characteristics. They are constantly to find their own shortcomings and to correct.
It is also worth everybody liked Meg， like her willingness to love， not for money poverty seduced by the character， like her fair maiden wind. I like Joe， like her， like her dream to strive for the firm determination.
I like beth， like her quiet， do anything without complaining， like she always for others good moral character. I also like Amy， like her b， the poor as Keats responsibility of poverty. They are not the same fate with the ideal， but they found a better their opinion， home is their land and sacred shelter. They will listen carefully to the mother"s teachings， will use his hands， intelligent nimble invented the brain to another creative mind and beautification of the game. Four sisters growth course is a rich taste of education. The author used neither luxuriant also not boring language shows us a great affection， human friendship and love.
In my opinion， it seems that the four sisters， forever and their love and love their lives together is the happiest them， I learned to b， learn to understand content but cannot satisfy， I learned to hope for the future， and never to chasing the dream of optimism， I also learned mustdouble treasures have died， don"t wait until they know lost.
We should be careful that everyone has the advantages of not wear blinders only see the faults of ， Joe， beth， Amy， they four b， optimistic spirit will be stored in my heart. They smile will remain in my mind， reminding me： be b， have a pure heart.
Little Woman was written by American female writer Alcott. After reading this novel， I have some opinions about these four women.
The novel described four sisters in the March family； they were kind to each other and love each other， hardworking， stayed with neighbor Laurence friendly. Different disposition girls had found their own happy through their own goodness and industrious. The novel has not a fluctuation plot and fascinating suspension in a play， but the author described the happiness in March family with the simple language. Their good and kind， loyalty to love and family has left me a deep impression. The author only described very ordinary detail in the life， but reveals the love to the happy life expectation everywhere.
Although these girls born in a poor family， but they all had the positive attitude to any matter， the novel had laid emphasis on their individuality and the dignity， but also has displayed their self—expression restraint. Independently was these four girls’s common characteristic， they always keep discovering their own shortcoming and correct it as soon as possible which worth our learning. Look we， some people always make mistakes， but they always think that it is a small mistake； they don’t need to notice it， let it go. If every one like them， the society will become very awful， no rule can limit people’s behaviors， they can do anything they like.
These four girls are very different， let me introduce them， Meg， the eldest of the four， was sixteen， and very pretty， being plump and fair， with large eyes， plenty of soft， brown hair， a sweet mouth， and white hands， of which she was rather vain. Fifteen—year—old Jo was very tall， thin， and brown， and reminded one of a colt， for she never seemed to know what to do with her long limbs， which were very much in her way. She had a decided mouth， a comical nose， and sharp， gray eyes， which appeared to see everything， and was by turns fierce， funny， or thoughtful. Her long， thick hair was her one beauty， but it was usually bundled into a net， to be out of her way. Round shoulders had Jo， big hands and feet， a flyaway look to her clothes， and the uncomfortable appearance of a girl who was rapidly shooting up into a woman and didnt like it. Beth， as everyone called her was a rosy， smooth—haired， bright—eyed girl of thirteen， with a shy manner， a timid voice， and a peaceful expression which was seldom disturbed. Her father called her "Little Tranquility，" and the name suited her excellently， for she seemed to live in a happy world of her own， only venturing out to meet the few whom she trusted and loved. Amy， though the youngest， was a most important person in her own opinion at least. A regular snow maiden， with blue eyes， and yellow hair curling on her shoulders， pale and slender， and always carrying herself like a young lady mindful of her manners. What the characters of the four sisters were we will leave to be found out.
I love Meg for her being glad to impoverish for love， not enticed by the money. She did family teacher to help the family. I love Jo for her free and easy， likes her for the steadfast determination which she struggles for dream. She earns living expenses with aunt March and writes articles for the newspaper to gain the payment to increase the daily necessities to the family. I love Beth for her tranquil characteristic， doing anything without any complain. Like her good personal character which always considers for others， she loves music and feels shy with strangers， so she always does some housework with her mother at home. I also love Amy for her strong desire； she regard supporting the poor people as her own faith. She was interested in sketch. Though their idea and the destiny are various， they had all found their own love.
In their eyes， the family was not only the place of growth but also the holy refuge. They liked to hear their mothers instruction carefully； they created games by their clever brain and hands which can beautify the mind. Four sisters growth courses were as if an interest education poem. The author had shown us the humanitys great dear ones such as friendship and love with ordinary language. In my opinion， it will be the happiest matter if these four sisters can live with those who they love. They are all good person， if I can live with them， I think my left will become rich and colorful.
An old saying said that “three women can play a performance”， woman always have their own idea， if the idea has formed， and almost no one can change it. When women meet， if one talks her opinion about something， another one will give her opinion to the first one， then the argument will take place， let’s imagine， there were four women in one family， though they are sister， argument can’t avoid， it will be very interesting in the home.
From the novel， I have learned that we should keep hope for future and make great efforts to seek dream. I also have learned to cherish what you have had such as your parents， time and so on ，we should discover everyones merit but to take the colored eye to see others shortcoming.
Remember， whatever your goal is， you will get it if you are willing to do！
It is known to the entire world that Little Women by Louisa May Alcott is one of the representatives of feminist works. This paper analyzes feminism embodied in Josephine’s view on love in Little Women. In the introduction of the paper， I will talk about the background， literature review and my writing perspective. As for the body part， in Chapter one I will analyze Josephine’s character from many examples in the story； in Chapter two I will give a comprehensive analysis of Josephine’s view on love， which mainly covers the love choice she made and the reasons of the choice； in Chapter three， I will analyze feminism reflected form Josephine， including the aspiration for freedom， the desire for independence， and the worship of true love. In Chapter four， I will discuss the enlightments and limitations of Josephine’s feminism in modern times. At last in the conclusion， I will give a brief summary of this paper.
Even if having the small flaws， Little Women is still an undoubtedly great work. It put eyes on women’s growth， fights and efforts to realize the value of life in a patriarchal society. Even in today， it still has realistic values for modern girls to learn.
Through the daily lives of March sisters， Louisa drew a vivid picture of the life of temporal American pioneers， especially Jo. She impressed us by her goodness， honesty， insistence…and her precipitancy， rebellion… She’s like a close friend to us， and as well an inner spirit of us.
In order to get closer to this work， I’ve talked about the social background at that time， Louisa’s family history， literature review and the definition of feminism； and then to figure out the reasons of Jo’s choice， I’ve analyzed Jo’s personality， the process of Jo’s choice and the reasons of it， so I not only had a clearer impression of Jo， but also got a deeper understanding of her choice； at last in order to learn the feminist spirits from Jo， I discussed some extraordinary feminist qualities of Jo and got some constructive tips and suggestions about feminism for all the girls.
After finishing this work which is definitely a masterpiece in history， I’ve learned the importance of freedom， both physically and spiritually， without it， I think I even can’t live well； and also I’ve known the value of independence， there’s no one can accompany and help me forever， so being independent can make me live better and feed myself just on my own； last but not the least， I’ve also been reminded with the preciousness of true love which makes people truly happy from the bottom from the hearts.
Reading Little Women can be an enjoyable thing， to seek the peace in the blatant， and to seek an aim in the hesitation. We can learn so much from this book. Over a century passing by， the glory of this book doesn’t vanish， instead it becomes more excellent， and it connects people generation by generation.
《Little Women》tells the story of a march. Four sisters at home： the pursuit of noble， but who will take care of the eldest sister Meg，full of restlessness is concerned about the families of Joe Erjie， elegant but selfish Pode Amys selfless spirit and the need to have Beths family. Their mother， Marge is the kind of wife， father， Mr. Ma Qi army soldiers. Such a boy and their neighbor Laurie， Laurie，MrLawrences grandfather， aunt Marchi， as well as friends that have occurred around the home such as the diary as a simple story， but a thought—provoking show of affection， friendship， love. The book is a display of pieces of warm sweet picture of family life， sing the praises of eternal love， touched the hearts of countless and downs， warm and sweet life and destiny， pure emotion， deeply attracted me. A strong， content， full of hope for the future of my four from the heroines learned. The United States and Georgia， Joe， Beth， Amy them a strong， optimistic spirit of storage I heart.
From their body， I learned how strong and learned how to be contented， but I can not satisfy the need to learn to always be full of hope for the future and try to chase the dream of optimism. I also learned to cherish the double—owned， and so on do not know who died lost their commendable. We found that everyone should be careful not to bring the advantages of the colored eye can only see other peoples shortcomings .
Keep in mind that happiness is fundamental， has to be happy， even if the life of the poor than the rich do not happy the stronger and more！ Very often， when we have been dreaming of the things themselves， often forget their own original work and the pay is the most valuable and most admired. If we have forgotten， it will often lose themselves and choose to corrupt， if we are able to firmly keep in mind， we will be able to keep their own efforts to show that the rich and well—being. This is a life of wealth， career， emotional， such as the pursuit of truth， and not just in terms of a family. We would like to be able to bear this in mind， a rich and well—being.
《 Little Women 》is full of humanity the United States，， everyone is to the depths of the soul. The book looked at the growth of people， we can try to deal with the right side of the family， friendship， love， feel the emotions of people of the same age， feel the United States and human nature， the book is also the matter have taken place around us. On， in fact， very complicated， friendship， family， the respect of young and old. This book will tell us how the heart with a harvest of experience， feelings and deal with them and tried to march as one， for these， more an independent firm. Life on the road is bumpy， but as long as we have a firm belief that continued efforts will surely be a success！
这部小说[2]以家庭生活为描写对象，以家庭成员的感情纠葛为线索，描写了马奇一家的天伦之爱。马奇家的四姐妹中，无论是为了爱情甘于贫困的梅格，还是通过自己奋斗成为作家的乔，以及坦然面对死亡的贝思和以扶弱为己任的艾美，虽然她们的理想和命运都不尽相同，但是她们都具有自强自立的共同特点。描写了她们对家庭的眷恋；对爱的忠诚以及对亲情的渴望。 小妇人所有时代的少女成长过程中所要面对与经历的，都可以在这本书中找到：初恋的甜蜜和烦恼，感情与理智的差异，理想和现实的距离，贫穷与富有的矛盾。《小妇人》故事情节简单真实，却感人至深，问世一百多年以来，多次被搬上银幕，并被译成各种文字，成为世界文学宝库中的经典名作。书中描写的种种情感体验和生活经历，都曾经、正在并将要发生在每一个少女走向成熟的过程之中；书中提倡善良、忠诚、无私、慷慨、尊严、宽容、坚韧、勇敢、亦是人类永远尊崇和追求的美德和信仰。所有这些，赋予这本书超越时代和国度的生命力，这也正是她成为不朽的经典的魅力和原因所在。
当品读完一部作品后，相信你一定有很多值得分享的收获，不能光会读哦，写一篇读后感吧。那么我们如何去写读后感呢？以下是我为大家整理的小妇人英语读后感（通用6篇），供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
Before I read this book， I had watched a cartoon movie made by Japan. So I have a strong interest on it. It all begins in the dead of winter； The Christmas Season. The coldest one of all， were the war has made fuel for heating very scarce. While her husband is off at war， Marmee is left alone to raise their four daughters： Jo， Meg， Beth， and Amy. On Christmas Eve， Marmee has just arrived home from passing out food to the less fortunate with a letter from her husband， the girls father.
The all gather together around the fire to read the letter. Afterwards， the girls are teary eyed. Marmee kisses them and they are off to bed. Jo is longing to become a writer. So， every night she stays up late writing the script for soap operas. As morning comes she is the last one awake.
The table is set， and food prepared for their Christmas feast. As dusk falls， the girls are all up in the attic acting out Jos play， which she reads from the local （fake） newspaper. As they are performing， their rich， next—door neighbors grandson watches from the window. The 2 oldest girls： Jo and Meg， get ready to attend the Christmas Ball. While Jo is curling Megs hair， there is a strange smell to the air.
Amy screams， Megs hair is being singed. They continue digging through the old clothes bin for a pair of white gloves. One of the prominent themes in Little Women is the coming of age or maturation of the girls. During the course of the novel we see them grow in many ways —— physically， intellectually， and especially emotionally.
One question which readers must ask themselves is whether the views the characters have on the coming of age process are shared by Alcott. If they arent， what are Alcotts views and how do they differ from those of the women in her story？
It is interesting to examine the last half of Chapter 20， "Confidential." Jo addresses the maturation issue as she speaks with Marmee of the situation between Meg and Mr. Brooke.
The possible love between these two represents one of the very important aspects in coming of age for a teenage girl. Jo treats this natural process as if it were some sort of disease， however. Jo cannot understand why Meg would want to stop behaving "like a sensible creature" （）， and refers to love as "such nonsense." This book tell me how to deal with the family affairs. We should know the love between the members.
Little woman" is an autobiography novel properties with the family， the author is American Alcott.
This book was written in four different character marches through their own kind of girl， hardworking and found myself happy story. Novels have dropped the ups and downs of the rock， no fascinating plot of suspense， but the author use si—mp—le language describes marges family love. Their kindness， love and affection loyalty to deeply touched me. The author describes the details of life is very ordinary， but everywhere to love， reveal the longing for a better life.
Marges girl although home， but they are poor in anything positive and optimistic attitude. They stressed the novel character and dignity， also show their self constraint， and become more independent of the four girls are common characteristics. They are constantly to find their own shortcomings and to correct. It is also worth everybody study.
I liked Meg， like her willingneto love， not for money poverty seduced by the character， like her fair maiden wind. I like Joe， like her， like her dream to strive for the firm determination. I like beth， like her quiet， do anything without complaining， like she always for others good moral character. I also like Amy， like her strong， the poor as Keats responsibility of poverty. They are not the same fate with the ideal， but they found a better ending.
In their opinion， home is their land and sacred shelter. They will listen carefully to the mothers teachings， will use his hands， intelligent nimble invented the brain to another creative mind and beautification of the game. Four sisters growth course is a rich taste of education. The author used neither luxuriant also not boring language shows us a great affection， human friendship and love. In my opinion， it seems that the four sisters， forever and their love and love their lives together is the happiest thing.
From them， I learned to strong， learn to understand content but cannot satisfy， I learned to hope for the future， and never to chasing the dream of optimism， I also learned mustdouble treasures have died， dont wait until they know lost. We should be careful that everyone has the advantages of not wear blinders only see the faults of others.
Meg， Joe， beth， Amy， they four strong， optimistic spirit will be stored in my heart. They smile will remain in my mind， reminding me： be strong， have a pure heart.
Little woman is an autobiography novel properties with the family， the author is American book was written in four different character marches through their own kind of girl， hardworking and found myself happy story.
Novels have dropped the ups and downs of the rock， no fascinating plot of suspense， but the author use simple language describes marge"s family love. Their kindness， love and affection loyalty to deeply touched me. The author describes the details of life is very ordinary， but everywhere to love， reveal the longing for a better "s girl although home， but they are poor in anything positive and optimistic attitude. They stressed the novel character and dignity， also show their self constraint， and become more independent of the four girls are common characteristics. They are constantly to find their own shortcomings and to correct.
It is also worth everybody liked Meg， like her willingness to love， not for money poverty seduced by the character， like her fair maiden wind. I like Joe， like her， like her dream to strive for the firm determination.
I like beth， like her quiet， do anything without complaining， like she always for others good moral character. I also like Amy， like her b， the poor as Keats responsibility of poverty. They are not the same fate with the ideal， but they found a better their opinion， home is their land and sacred shelter. They will listen carefully to the mother"s teachings， will use his hands， intelligent nimble invented the brain to another creative mind and beautification of the game. Four sisters growth course is a rich taste of education. The author used neither luxuriant also not boring language shows us a great affection， human friendship and love.
In my opinion， it seems that the four sisters， forever and their love and love their lives together is the happiest them， I learned to b， learn to understand content but cannot satisfy， I learned to hope for the future， and never to chasing the dream of optimism， I also learned mustdouble treasures have died， don"t wait until they know lost.
We should be careful that everyone has the advantages of not wear blinders only see the faults of ， Joe， beth， Amy， they four b， optimistic spirit will be stored in my heart. They smile will remain in my mind， reminding me： be b， have a pure heart.
Little Woman was written by American female writer Alcott. After reading this novel， I have some opinions about these four women.
The novel described four sisters in the March family； they were kind to each other and love each other， hardworking， stayed with neighbor Laurence friendly. Different disposition girls had found their own happy through their own goodness and industrious. The novel has not a fluctuation plot and fascinating suspension in a play， but the author described the happiness in March family with the simple language. Their good and kind， loyalty to love and family has left me a deep impression. The author only described very ordinary detail in the life， but reveals the love to the happy life expectation everywhere.
Although these girls born in a poor family， but they all had the positive attitude to any matter， the novel had laid emphasis on their individuality and the dignity， but also has displayed their self—expression restraint. Independently was these four girls’s common characteristic， they always keep discovering their own shortcoming and correct it as soon as possible which worth our learning. Look we， some people always make mistakes， but they always think that it is a small mistake； they don’t need to notice it， let it go. If every one like them， the society will become very awful， no rule can limit people’s behaviors， they can do anything they like.
These four girls are very different， let me introduce them， Meg， the eldest of the four， was sixteen， and very pretty， being plump and fair， with large eyes， plenty of soft， brown hair， a sweet mouth， and white hands， of which she was rather vain. Fifteen—year—old Jo was very tall， thin， and brown， and reminded one of a colt， for she never seemed to know what to do with her long limbs， which were very much in her way. She had a decided mouth， a comical nose， and sharp， gray eyes， which appeared to see everything， and was by turns fierce， funny， or thoughtful. Her long， thick hair was her one beauty， but it was usually bundled into a net， to be out of her way. Round shoulders had Jo， big hands and feet， a flyaway look to her clothes， and the uncomfortable appearance of a girl who was rapidly shooting up into a woman and didnt like it. Beth， as everyone called her was a rosy， smooth—haired， bright—eyed girl of thirteen， with a shy manner， a timid voice， and a peaceful expression which was seldom disturbed. Her father called her "Little Tranquility，" and the name suited her excellently， for she seemed to live in a happy world of her own， only venturing out to meet the few whom she trusted and loved. Amy， though the youngest， was a most important person in her own opinion at least. A regular snow maiden， with blue eyes， and yellow hair curling on her shoulders， pale and slender， and always carrying herself like a young lady mindful of her manners. What the characters of the four sisters were we will leave to be found out.
I love Meg for her being glad to impoverish for love， not enticed by the money. She did family teacher to help the family. I love Jo for her free and easy， likes her for the steadfast determination which she struggles for dream. She earns living expenses with aunt March and writes articles for the newspaper to gain the payment to increase the daily necessities to the family. I love Beth for her tranquil characteristic， doing anything without any complain. Like her good personal character which always considers for others， she loves music and feels shy with strangers， so she always does some housework with her mother at home. I also love Amy for her strong desire； she regard supporting the poor people as her own faith. She was interested in sketch. Though their idea and the destiny are various， they had all found their own love.
In their eyes， the family was not only the place of growth but also the holy refuge. They liked to hear their mothers instruction carefully； they created games by their clever brain and hands which can beautify the mind. Four sisters growth courses were as if an interest education poem. The author had shown us the humanitys great dear ones such as friendship and love with ordinary language. In my opinion， it will be the happiest matter if these four sisters can live with those who they love. They are all good person， if I can live with them， I think my left will become rich and colorful.
An old saying said that “three women can play a performance”， woman always have their own idea， if the idea has formed， and almost no one can change it. When women meet， if one talks her opinion about something， another one will give her opinion to the first one， then the argument will take place， let’s imagine， there were four women in one family， though they are sister， argument can’t avoid， it will be very interesting in the home.
From the novel， I have learned that we should keep hope for future and make great efforts to seek dream. I also have learned to cherish what you have had such as your parents， time and so on ，we should discover everyones merit but to take the colored eye to see others shortcoming.
Remember， whatever your goal is， you will get it if you are willing to do！
It is known to the entire world that Little Women by Louisa May Alcott is one of the representatives of feminist works. This paper analyzes feminism embodied in Josephine’s view on love in Little Women. In the introduction of the paper， I will talk about the background， literature review and my writing perspective. As for the body part， in Chapter one I will analyze Josephine’s character from many examples in the story； in Chapter two I will give a comprehensive analysis of Josephine’s view on love， which mainly covers the love choice she made and the reasons of the choice； in Chapter three， I will analyze feminism reflected form Josephine， including the aspiration for freedom， the desire for independence， and the worship of true love. In Chapter four， I will discuss the enlightments and limitations of Josephine’s feminism in modern times. At last in the conclusion， I will give a brief summary of this paper.
Even if having the small flaws， Little Women is still an undoubtedly great work. It put eyes on women’s growth， fights and efforts to realize the value of life in a patriarchal society. Even in today， it still has realistic values for modern girls to learn.
Through the daily lives of March sisters， Louisa drew a vivid picture of the life of temporal American pioneers， especially Jo. She impressed us by her goodness， honesty， insistence…and her precipitancy， rebellion… She’s like a close friend to us， and as well an inner spirit of us.
In order to get closer to this work， I’ve talked about the social background at that time， Louisa’s family history， literature review and the definition of feminism； and then to figure out the reasons of Jo’s choice， I’ve analyzed Jo’s personality， the process of Jo’s choice and the reasons of it， so I not only had a clearer impression of Jo， but also got a deeper understanding of her choice； at last in order to learn the feminist spirits from Jo， I discussed some extraordinary feminist qualities of Jo and got some constructive tips and suggestions about feminism for all the girls.
After finishing this work which is definitely a masterpiece in history， I’ve learned the importance of freedom， both physically and spiritually， without it， I think I even can’t live well； and also I’ve known the value of independence， there’s no one can accompany and help me forever， so being independent can make me live better and feed myself just on my own； last but not the least， I’ve also been reminded with the preciousness of true love which makes people truly happy from the bottom from the hearts.
Reading Little Women can be an enjoyable thing， to seek the peace in the blatant， and to seek an aim in the hesitation. We can learn so much from this book. Over a century passing by， the glory of this book doesn’t vanish， instead it becomes more excellent， and it connects people generation by generation.
《Little Women》tells the story of a march. Four sisters at home： the pursuit of noble， but who will take care of the eldest sister Meg，full of restlessness is concerned about the families of Joe Erjie， elegant but selfish Pode Amys selfless spirit and the need to have Beths family. Their mother， Marge is the kind of wife， father， Mr. Ma Qi army soldiers. Such a boy and their neighbor Laurie， Laurie，MrLawrences grandfather， aunt Marchi， as well as friends that have occurred around the home such as the diary as a simple story， but a thought—provoking show of affection， friendship， love. The book is a display of pieces of warm sweet picture of family life， sing the praises of eternal love， touched the hearts of countless and downs， warm and sweet life and destiny， pure emotion， deeply attracted me. A strong， content， full of hope for the future of my four from the heroines learned. The United States and Georgia， Joe， Beth， Amy them a strong， optimistic spirit of storage I heart.
From their body， I learned how strong and learned how to be contented， but I can not satisfy the need to learn to always be full of hope for the future and try to chase the dream of optimism. I also learned to cherish the double—owned， and so on do not know who died lost their commendable. We found that everyone should be careful not to bring the advantages of the colored eye can only see other peoples shortcomings .
Keep in mind that happiness is fundamental， has to be happy， even if the life of the poor than the rich do not happy the stronger and more！ Very often， when we have been dreaming of the things themselves， often forget their own original work and the pay is the most valuable and most admired. If we have forgotten， it will often lose themselves and choose to corrupt， if we are able to firmly keep in mind， we will be able to keep their own efforts to show that the rich and well—being. This is a life of wealth， career， emotional， such as the pursuit of truth， and not just in terms of a family. We would like to be able to bear this in mind， a rich and well—being.
《 Little Women 》is full of humanity the United States，， everyone is to the depths of the soul. The book looked at the growth of people， we can try to deal with the right side of the family， friendship， love， feel the emotions of people of the same age， feel the United States and human nature， the book is also the matter have taken place around us. On， in fact， very complicated， friendship， family， the respect of young and old. This book will tell us how the heart with a harvest of experience， feelings and deal with them and tried to march as one， for these， more an independent firm. Life on the road is bumpy， but as long as we have a firm belief that continued efforts will surely be a success！
细细品味一本名著后，你有什么体会呢？不妨坐下来好好写写读后感吧。那么如何写读后感才能更有感染力呢？以下是我整理的小妇人的英语读后感，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
Little woman is an autobiography novel properties with the family, the author is American book was written in four different character marches through their own kind of girl, hardworking and found myself happy story.
Novels have dropped the ups and downs of the rock, no fascinating plot of suspense, but the author use simple language describes marge"s family love. Their kindness, love and affection loyalty to deeply touched me. The author describes the details of life is very ordinary, but everywhere to love, reveal the longing for a better "s girl although home, but they are poor in anything positive and optimistic attitude. They stressed the novel character and dignity, also show their self constraint, and become more independent of the four girls are common characteristics. They are constantly to find their own shortcomings and to correct.
It is also worth everybody liked Meg, like her willingness to love, not for money poverty seduced by the character, like her fair maiden wind. I like Joe, like her, like her dream to strive for the firm determination.
I like beth, like her quiet, do anything without complaining, like she always for others good moral character. I also like Amy, like her b, the poor as Keats responsibility of poverty. They are not the same fate with the ideal, but they found a better their opinion, home is their land and sacred shelter. They will listen carefully to the mother"s teachings, will use his hands, intelligent nimble invented the brain to another creative mind and beautification of the game. Four sisters growth course is a rich taste of education. The author used neither luxuriant also not boring language shows us a great affection, human friendship and love.
In my opinion, it seems that the four sisters, forever and their love and love their lives together is the happiest them, I learned to b, learn to understand content but cannot satisfy, I learned to hope for the future, and never to chasing the dream of optimism, I also learned mustdouble treasures have died, don"t wait until they know lost.
We should be careful that everyone has the advantages of not wear blinders only see the faults of , Joe, beth, Amy, they four b, optimistic spirit will be stored in my heart. They smile will remain in my mind, reminding me: be b, have a pure heart.
During the American Civil War, Mr. Madge went to the battlefield as chaplain, four daughters and her mother at home and lived a poor but strong and optimistic life. Although they were poor, they were willing to help Hummel, a neighbor who was more in need of help. Women have vanity, they want to get beautiful clothes, eat delicious food, live like a princess. Although full of fantasy, but in real life, they have been relying on their own efforts to solve all kinds of hardships in life. Meg was the eldest daughter of beauty, full of longing for love; the two daughter of Joe independent, determined to become a writer; three daughter Bess is a traditional girl, gentle and lovely little daughter Amy loves painting. The story follows the years when the four women grew up as young women, describing their uninhibited love experiences and their respective pursuit of different ideals and destination.
This is a book that looks very prosaic at the first glance. But when you go deep into it, you will be surprised to find that this book seems to be full of the shadow of yourself or some familiar people. To face and experience all the girls growing up in the age of the girl, can be found in this book: the first love and worry, differences between emotion and reason, the ideal and the reality, the contradiction between the rich and poor. The little woman has no plot of falling rocks and no suspense, but the author tells the familys love by simple words. Watching and watching, I can not help but cry for them, inspired by their experience, and even pray for their misfortune. Of course I was their humor laugh, they admire the courage to face difficulties...... Unconsciously, I felt like I was one of them, watching and thinking about the plot of my mind.
I like Meg, I like her love for poverty, not for money temptation character, like her lady style. I like Joe, I like her freedom, I love her unswerving determination to dream. I love Beth, love her quiet, do anything without complaining, she always love for others good character. I also like Amys belief that she is strong and regards poverty alleviation as the responsibility of poverty. Their ideals and fates are different, but they all find their best home.
In their view, the home is their growing place, but also a sacred refuge. They listened carefully to their mothers teachings, and used their smart hands and brains to invent another creative and beautiful mind game. The growth process of the four sisters seems to be an interesting educational poem. The author uses neither gorgeous nor boring language to show us the great family, friendship and love of human beings. It seems to me that in the eyes of the four sisters, it is the happiest thing in the world to live forever with the people they love and those who love them.
From them, I learned to be strong, learned to know contentment, but can not meet, I learned to be full of hope for the future, and strive to pursue the dream of optimism. I also learned to double treasure what I have, dont wait for death to lose, only to know their commendable. We should find out the advantages of everyone, not with colored eyes, but see the shortcomings of others.
Before I read this book, I had watched a cartoon movie made by Japan. So I have a strong interest on it. It all begins in the dead of winter; The Christmas Season. The coldest one of all, were the war has made fuel for heating very scarce. While her husband is off at war, Marmee is left alone to raise their four daughters: Jo, Meg, Beth, and Amy. On Christmas Eve, Marmee has just arrived home from passing out food to the less fortunate with a letter from her husband, the girls father.
The all gather together around the fire to read the letter. Afterwards, the girls are teary eyed. Marmee kisses them and they are off to bed. Jo is longing to become a writer. So, every night she stays up late writing the script for soap operas. As morning comes she is the last one awake.
The table is set, and food prepared for their Christmas feast. As dusk falls, the girls are all up in the attic acting out Jos play, which she reads from the local (fake) newspaper. As they are performing, their rich, next-door neighbors grandson watches from the window. The 2 oldest girls: Jo and Meg, get ready to attend the Christmas Ball. While Jo is curling Megs hair, there is a strange smell to the air.
Amy screams, Megs hair is being singed. They continue digging through the old clothes bin for a pair of white gloves. One of the prominent themes in Little Women is the coming of age or maturation of the girls. During the course of the novel we see them grow in many ways -- physically, intellectually, and especially emotionally.
One question which readers must ask themselves is whether the views the characters have on the coming of age process are shared by Alcott. If they arent, what are Alcotts views and how do they differ from those of the women in her story?
It is interesting to examine the last half of Chapter 20, "Confidential." Jo addresses the maturation issue as she speaks with Marmee of the situation between Meg and Mr. Brooke.
The possible love between these two represents one of the very important aspects in coming of age for a teenage girl. Jo treats this natural process as if it were some sort of disease, however. Jo cannot understand why Meg would want to stop behaving "like a sensible creature" (), and refers to love as "such nonsense." This book tell me how to deal with the family affairs. We should know the love between the members.
Little woman" is an autobiography novel properties with the family, the author is American Alcott.
This book was written in four different character marches through their own kind of girl, hardworking and found myself happy story. Novels have dropped the ups and downs of the rock, no fascinating plot of suspense, but the author use si-mp-le language describes marges family love. Their kindness, love and affection loyalty to deeply touched me. The author describes the details of life is very ordinary, but everywhere to love, reveal the longing for a better life.
Marges girl although home, but they are poor in anything positive and optimistic attitude. They stressed the novel character and dignity, also show their self constraint, and become more independent of the four girls are common characteristics. They are constantly to find their own shortcomings and to correct. It is also worth everybody study.
I liked Meg, like her willingneto love, not for money poverty seduced by the character, like her fair maiden wind. I like Joe, like her, like her dream to strive for the firm determination. I like beth, like her quiet, do anything without complaining, like she always for others good moral character. I also like Amy, like her strong, the poor as Keats responsibility of poverty. They are not the same fate with the ideal, but they found a better ending.
In their opinion, home is their land and sacred shelter. They will listen carefully to the mothers teachings, will use his hands, intelligent nimble invented the brain to another creative mind and beautification of the game. Four sisters growth course is a rich taste of education. The author used neither luxuriant also not boring language shows us a great affection, human friendship and love. In my opinion, it seems that the four sisters, forever and their love and love their lives together is the happiest thing.
From them, I learned to strong, learn to understand content but cannot satisfy, I learned to hope for the future, and never to chasing the dream of optimism, I also learned mustdouble treasures have died, dont wait until they know lost. We should be careful that everyone has the advantages of not wear blinders only see the faults of others.
Meg, Joe, beth, Amy, they four strong, optimistic spirit will be stored in my heart. They smile will remain in my mind, reminding me: be strong, have a pure heart.
Little Women is a novel published in 1868 and written by American author Louisa May Alcott. The story concerns the lives and loves of four sisters growing up during the American Civil War. It was based on Alcotts own experiences as a child in Concord, Massachusetts with her three sisters, Anna, May, and Elizabeth. Little Women is the story of The Marches, a family used to hard toil and suffering. Although Father March is away with the union armies, the sisters Meg, Jo, Amy and Beth keep in high spirits with their mother, affectionately named Marmee. Their friendly gift of a Christmas holiday breakfast to a neighbouring family is an act of generosity rewarded with wealthy Mr. Laurences gift of a surprise Christmas feast. However, despite their efforts to be good, the girls show faults: the pretty Meg becomes discontented with the children she teaches; boyish Jo loses her temper regularly; while the golden-haired schoolgirl Amy is inclined towards affectation. However, Beth, who keeps the house is always kind and gentle.
After certain happy times winning over the Laurences, dark times arrive as Marmee finds out about her husbands illness. Worse is to come as Beth contracts scarlet fever in her Samaritan efforts for a sick neighbour and becomes more or lean invalid. The novel tells of their progreinto young womanhood with the additional strains of romance, Beths terminal illness, the pressures of marriage and the outside world. This is the story of their growing maturity and wisdom and the search for the contentedneof family life. It was written in 1867 and is a fictionalised biography of Alcott and her sisters. It has become a much loved classic tale and, while some of its issues seem outdated, many of the trials of the sisters are all too relevant today as evidenced by its continued following.
Before I read this book, I had watched a cartoon movie made by Japan. So I have a strong interest on it.
It all begins in the dead of winter; The Christmas Season. The coldest one of all, were the war has made fuel for heating very scarce. While her husband is off at war, Marmee is left alone to raise their four daughters: Jo, Meg, Beth, and Amy.
On Christmas Eve, Marmee has just arrived home from passing out food to the less fortunate with a letter from her husband, the girls father. The all gather together around the fire to read the letter. Afterwards, the girls are teary eyed. Marmee kisses them and they are off to bed.
Jo is longing to become a writer. So, every night she stays up late writing the script for soap operas. As morning comes she is the last one awake. The table is set, and food prepared for their Christmas feast.
As dusk falls, the girls are all up in the attic acting out Jos play, which she reads from the local (fake) newspaper. As they are performing, their rich, next-door neighbors grandson watches from the window.
The 2 oldest girls: Jo and Meg, get ready to attend the Christmas Ball. While Jo is curling Megs hair, there is a strange smell to the air. Amy screams, Megs hair is being singed. They continue digging through the old clothes bin for a pair of white gloves.
One of the prominent themes in Little Women is the coming of age or maturation of the girls. During the course of the novel we see them grow in many ways -- physically, intellectually, and especially emotionally. One question which readers must ask themselves is whether the views the characters have on the coming of age process are shared by Alcott. If they arent, what are Alcotts views and how do they differ from those of the women in her story?
It is interesting to examine the last half of Chapter 20, "Confidential." Jo addresses the maturation issue as she speaks with Marmee of the situation between Meg and Mr. Brooke. The possible love between these two represents one of the very important aspects in coming of age for a teenage girl. Jo treats this natural process as if it were some sort of disease, however. Jo cannot understand why Meg would want to stop behaving "like a sensible creature" (), and refers to love as "such nonsense."
《Little Women》tells the story of a march. Four sisters at home: the pursuit of noble, but who will take care of the eldest sister Meg,full of restlessness is concerned about the families of Joe Erjie, elegant but selfish Pode Amys selfless spirit and the need to have Beths family. Their mother, Marge is the kind of wife, father, Mr. Ma Qi army soldiers. Such a boy and their neighbor Laurie, Laurie,MrLawrences grandfather, aunt Marchi, as well as friends that have occurred around the home such as the diary as a simple story, but a thought-provoking show of affection, friendship, love. The book is a display of pieces of warm sweet picture of family life, sing the praises of eternal love, touched the hearts of countless and downs, warm and sweet life and destiny, pure emotion, deeply attracted me. A strong, content, full of hope for the future of my four from the heroines learned. The United States and Georgia, Joe, Beth, Amy them a strong, optimistic spirit of storage I heart.
From their body, I learned how strong and learned how to be contented, but I can not satisfy the need to learn to always be full of hope for the future and try to chase the dream of optimism. I also learned to cherish the double-owned, and so on do not know who died lost their commendable. We found that everyone should be careful not to bring the advantages of the colored eye can only see other peoples shortcomings .
Keep in mind that happiness is fundamental, has to be happy, even if the life of the poor than the rich do not happy the stronger and more! Very often, when we have been dreaming of the things themselves, often forget their own original work and the pay is the most valuable and most admired. If we have forgotten, it will often lose themselves and choose to corrupt, if we are able to firmly keep in mind, we will be able to keep their own efforts to show that the rich and well-being. This is a life of wealth, career, emotional, such as the pursuit of truth, and not just in terms of a family. We would like to be able to bear this in mind, a rich and well-being.
《 Little Women 》is full of humanity the United States,, everyone is to the depths of the soul. The book looked at the growth of people, we can try to deal with the right side of the family, friendship, love, feel the emotions of people of the same age, feel the United States and human nature, the book is also the matter have taken place around us. On, in fact, very complicated, friendship, family, the respect of young and old. This book will tell us how the heart with a harvest of experience, feelings and deal with them and tried to march as one, for these, more an independent firm. Life on the road is bumpy, but as long as we have a firm belief that continued efforts will surely be a success!