摘要
Abstract
近年来，随着人们生活水平的提高，对汽车乘坐舒适性的要求也越来越高。汽车行驶的平顺性和操纵的稳定性已经逐渐成为其在现代市场竞争中夺取优势的一项非常重要的性能指标。本文首先通过建立汽车悬架系统的七自由度整体模型图，运用结构动力学和振动知识推导出系统在正弦激励下的拉格朗日方程，并简化为振动微分方程形式，通过MATLAB编制优化程序，求出系统的复特征值和在特定参数下的响应变化图形。然后，简述现代汽车悬架系统的各种控制方法，模拟仿真出系统在不同的刚度和阻尼下输出响应的图形，通过比较分析，为半主动悬架系统的减振器的阻尼和弹性元件的刚度控制提供根据。最后，得出本文的结论。即，汽车悬架的动力响应和控制分析与刚度和阻尼的变化之间的紧密联系。
In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standard, it is higher and higher to take the requirement for comfortableness to the car. Whom car go getting smooth-going and stability that handle become their capture one important performance index very of advantage among modern market competition gradually already. This text, through setting up whole model picture of degree of freedom seven that the car hung a system at first, use structural dynamics and vibration knowledge to derive the system out to encourage Lagrangian equation under in the sine, simplify it for the vibration differential equation form, work out the procedure of optimizing through MATLAB, ask out systematic replying characteristic value and response under the particular parameter and changing the figure. Then sketch Hyundai Motor hang sets of various of system control method, simulation emulation produce system output the figure responded under different rigidity and damping, through comparative analysis,hang sets of damping and rigidity of components elastic of shock absorbers of system control offer to half voluntarily according to. Finally, draw the conclusion herein. I.e., the car power of hanging the shelf responds and controls the close connection between analysis and change of rigidity and damping.
关键词：汽车悬架；响应；控制分析
Keyword: The car hangs the shelf; Response; Control and analyze
In the 20th century, bridge construction technology evolved and was fueled by the
Industrial Revolution. At the turn of the century, steel bridges were riveted together, not
bolted; concrete bridges were cast in place, not precast; and large bridge members were
built from lacing bars and smaller sections, not rolled in one piece. Plastic had not yet been
invented. Construction techniques such as post-tensioning, slurry walls, soil freezing, and
reinforced earth walls had not yet been conceived. Surveying was performed mechanically
since infrared, optical technology was still 75 years away.
Bridge construction is changing as the new millennium begins. New construction
techniques and new materials are emerging. There are also new issues facing the bridge
building industry relative to the research needs associated with these new techniques and
materials.
LONG-SPAN BRIDGES
Suspension Bridges
While suspension bridge building was conducted at a modest pace throughout the 20th
century, an unprecedented number of spans of remarkable record lengths were built in the
Far East and Denmark. Both the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge in Japan and the Great Belt Bridge
in Denmark were completed in 1998. The Akashi Kaikyo Bridge is the largest suspension
bridge in the world, with a span of 1991 m, and the Great Belt Bridge is the second largest,
with a span of 1624 m.
While spans lengths have increased nearly fivefold during the course of this century,
they may have reached their physical limits with today’s materials. Research will be
necessary to develop the new, ultra-high-strength steel wire or carbon fiber wire required to
build the longer main suspension cables that will make it possible to increase span lengths to
beyond 2000 m.
As we enter the new millennium, rehabilitation and ongoing maintenance of the existing
suspension bridges must continue as well. Recent rehabilitation measures for the main
cables and suspension systems of these bridges have uncovered degradation through
corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement. Research is needed to determine the remaining
useful service life of suspension bridge cables and what measures can be taken to slow or
halt the degradation process.
Transportation in the New Millennium 2
Other components of long-span bridges, existing and new, are being revolutionized as
technology moves forward. Advances in deck technology are producing stronger, lighter
decks. Orthotropic and exodermic decks are becoming increasingly popular on long-span
structures as a means of reducing dead load. Bearings, joint systems, and seismic retrofitting
components are becoming increasingly efficient as more large-scale testing facilities are
built.
在20世纪,桥梁施工技术,是由进化而来的
工业革命。随着新世纪的到来,钢桥受到铆接在一起,而不是
螺栓、混凝土桥梁被扔在的地方,不是预制、大型桥梁成员
从系酒吧和小的部分,不卷在一块。塑料尚未
发明了。制作等施工工艺、浆墙、土壤冻结,
加筋土墙尚未怀了孕。测量进行机械
自从红外、光学技术仍然是75年。
大桥建设是新千年开始转变。新建筑
技术和新材料正在浮出水面。也有新的解决面临的桥
建筑行业的相关研究的需要,这些新技术
材料。
大跨度桥梁
悬挂的桥梁
虽然悬索桥建设进行了整个20速度不快
世纪,前所未有的跨越了卓越的长度是建在记录
远东和丹麦。双方在日本明石海峡大桥正式通车,伟大的带桥
在丹麦是在一九九八年完成。这个明石海峡大桥正式通车是世界上最大的悬架
在这个世界上,与桥梁的m,1991年是中国的第二大带桥,
用一段1624)。
虽然已经增加了近5倍长度的跨世纪的过程中,
他们已经达到了他们的物理极限与今天的材料。研究将
必须发展新的、ultra-high-strength钢丝、碳纤维丝要求
建立了悬索,将不再主要可能增加到跨度的长度
超出2000米。
当我们进入新千年、康复和持续的维护现有的
悬索桥必须继续。最近的戒毒措施为主要
电缆悬架系统与这些桥梁发现退化
氢脆腐蚀,。研究还剩下的
寿命悬索桥电缆和什么措施可以减缓或
停止退化的过程。
在新千年的运输
其他组件的大跨度桥梁,现有的和新的,正在发生了革命性的变化
技术的进步。提出了在甲板上技术生产强的,更轻的
甲板。正交各向异性和exodermic牌是大跨度越来越受欢迎
作为一种手段,降低结构自重荷载。轴承、联合系统和抗震能力
越来越多的有效成分是更大规模的测试设备
建造。
50分！！~~谢谢
参考资料：我的大脑
题目：电控悬架系统的结构控制原理与检修
电子技术与汽车技术的结合形成了一门新技术——汽车电子技术，随着汽车电子技术的日趋完善，时至今日，汽车电子化已达到相当高的程度。汽车电子技术已成为一个国家汽车工业发展的标志。汽车中悬架的作用是连接车身与车轮, 以适当的刚性支撑车轮, 并吸收路面的冲击, 改善车辆的舒适性和平顺性; 还可以稳定汽车行驶, 改善操纵性。悬架作用中的平顺性与操纵稳定性, 有着相互矛盾的联系。电子控制悬架在其电子控制装置的控制下, 能根据外界接受的信息或车辆本身状态的变化, 进行动态的自适性调节, 即电控悬架没有固定的悬架刚度和阻尼系数。这样可以随着道路条件的变化和行驶需要的不同要求而自动地调节, 从根本上解决平顺性和操纵稳定性之间的矛盾, 提高汽车的使用性能。
一、课题来源
课题《电控悬架系统的结构控制原理与检修》来源于湖北汽车工业学院下发的毕业论文选题。
二、国内外现状
电子控制悬架在国外高速客车和豪华城市客车上的使用率已接近100%,在其中、重型载货汽车和挂在车上使用率已超过80% ,部分高级轿车也逐渐将电控作为标准配置在列车上应用也日益广泛在一些特种车辆上对防震性要求高的仪表车、救护车及要求带高度调节的集装箱运输车空气弹簧悬架的应用更为广泛我国汽车悬架技术的研究和应用与欧美等发达国家相比还处于明显的落后地位随着高档客车制造技术的引进以及满足人们对舒适性要求的提高加上
国家对客车等级划分的标准要求电控悬架才开始逐步应用起来。目前国内拥有空气悬架项目的公司为数众多但真正拥有电控悬架系统设计开发、制造的却寥寥无几。国内具有代理性质但无实际设计能力的公司居多对设计匹配等技术环节往往存在先天不足。但是由于种种原因这些研究成果大多还停留在理论上产业转化率非常低。其我国早在20世纪50年代就开始对电控弹簧进行研究, 1957年,长春汽车研究所开始了空气悬架技术的研究,不少高校的相关专家学者及研究机构多年来也做了大量富有效的工作,并取得了许多重要研究成果。
三、研究内容及综合分析
本课题主要的研究电子控制悬架系统的构造、工作原理、故障类型原因以及
其检修方法。
通过查阅相关书籍和在网搜资料，本课题主要研究的内容如下：
（1）电子控制悬架系统概述
（2）电子控制悬架系统传感器
（3）电子控制悬架系统的电子控制模块
（4）电子控制悬架系统故障诊断与检测
