写名著翻译问题的小论文题目怎么写写名著翻译问题的小论文题目,那么你就看一下你翻译这个小论文,它的主导思想是什么,它最主要讲述的是什么东西,你把它做最核心的东西拿出来写一个题目,当一个题目写就可以了
语境关照下《爱玛》两中译本之对比研究
论文摘要: 20世纪九十年代是我国翻译事业的繁荣时期,而这种繁(略)外国名著的重译方面,一本国外著作一般都有好几个汉译本.这就需要加强以对比为基础的翻译批评,发现翻译中存在的问题以提高翻译质量.因此对同一作品(略)比研究是具有积极意义的:第一,翻译批评可以通过对译本的比较发现不同译本的优劣,为译文读者选择比较优秀的译本提供依据;第二,翻译批评通过对不同的.译者在翻译中运用的不同方法处理同一语言现象,达到相同或不同的效果评析,对深入探讨翻译策略和翻译方法以及翻译理论都具有一定的意义;第三,翻译批评有助于译本的改进和质量的提高.语境在语(略)着非常重要的作用,同样语境在翻译中也起着举足轻重的作用.译者对原文正确的理解必须依赖原语的语境,对译文准确的表达也必须联系目的语的语境,可见语境制约翻译,翻译依赖语境.而本研究旨在从语境的因素结合奈达的功能对等翻译理论,比较分析了简·奥斯汀(略)两个中译本,研究从语境入手分析两个译本各自的优缺点. 不同的译者翻译同一作品会采(略)策略,功能对等早已引起许多争议,本文从语境的角度结合翻译实践,依次分析了语言语境、情景语境和社会文化语境在翻译过程中对原文和译...
It is believed that the 1990s witnessed a peak of tran(omitted)tivities in China, which concretely reflected in the retranslation of the literary masterpieces of foreign countries. There were at (omitted)or th(omitted)e versions for one original text, sometimes even more. When we take this into account, it is necessary for us to im(omitted)quality of translation on the basis of comparative analysis. It is important to make comparative analysis of different versions for the same ori(omitted)st of all, t...
目录:摘要 第4-6页
Abstract 第6-7页
Chapter 1 Introduction 第10-19页
·Brief Introduction of Emma and Two Chinese Versions of Emma 第10-13页
·Emma 第11-12页
·Two Chinese Versions of Emma 第12-13页
·Literature Review 第13-16页
·Translation Criticism 第13-15页
·Comparative Study on Different Translations of Emma 第15-16页
·The Significance of the Study 第16-17页
·Purpose of the Study 第17页
·Outline of the Study 第17-19页
Chapter Two Linguistic Context 第19-33页
·Context and Translation 第19-21页
·Context 第19-21页
·Theoretical basis: Functional equivalence 第21-25页
·Translation 第23-24页
·Nida’s translation theory 第24-25页
·The Role of Context in Realizing Functional Equivalence 第25-26页
·Linguistic Context in Comparative Study on Two Chinese Versions of Emma 第26-32页
·Reproduction of Irony and Humorous Language of Emma 第27页
·Ascertaining the Exact Meaning of Words 第27-29页
·Eliminating the Ambiguity 第29-32页
·Summary 第32-33页
Chapter Three Situational Context 第33-40页
·Interpreting the Implication 第33-35页
·Expressing the Emotion 第35-36页
关于浅析《译坛宿将》卞之琳的译海生涯及翻译思想的论文
卞之琳(1910-2000),江苏溧水人,是近现代著名翻译家、文学评论家,曾师从徐志摩,是新文化运动中新月派诗歌的代表人物之一。1929 年,卞之琳从上海浦东中学毕业,考入北京大学英文系接受大学教育。除了在诗坛名声大噪之外,卞之琳在外国语言文学和翻译领域也获得了卓越的成就。新中国成立后,他受聘担任北京大学西语系教授、国务院学位委员会外国文学评议组成员、中国社会科学院外国文学研究所研究员、中国作家协会理事、中国莎士比亚研究会副会长等职,为我国翻译理论建设和实践发展做出过突出贡献,因而也被称为“译坛宿将”。
一、平民优等生,求学兴趣足
卞之琳并非生于名门贵族,其祖父是学徒出身,早年为避时乱从溧水举家搬迁至海门,在当地靠开染坊维持生计。卞之琳的父亲卞嘉佑多次参加科举而不第,加上家中染坊生意光景一年比一年差,以至家道中落。并不富裕的家庭环境没有影响卞之琳热切的求学之心。他八岁入读新式小学,十七岁时入读上海浦东中学,两年后以优异成绩考取了北京大学英文系。从小学至大学,卞之琳的学习成绩一直在班上名列前茅,是名副其实的优等生。从北大毕业,卞之琳先后执教于保定的育德中学和济南的省立高中。抗日战争刚爆发,他到访延安,应好友邀请临时执教延安鲁迅艺术学院约一个学期。1940 年,卞之琳受聘于西南联大,在外文系任讲师、副教授、教授。抗日战争胜利结束后,卞之琳到南开大学外文系担任教授,并赴牛津大学作了十八个月的客座研究员。新中国的成立,让卞之琳更乐于奉献祖国高等教育事业。他先在北京大学西语系担任了三年教授,后转入北京大学文学研究所担任研究员,最后进入中国社会科学院外国文学研究所担任研究员,从事研究工作直到退休。纵观卞之琳的求学与职业生涯,外国语言文学及文学翻译一直是他生命中最重要的部分之一,他的人生成就与价值也多反映于此。
早在上海浦东中学求学期间,卞之琳就表现出了对英国文学的极大兴趣。1926 年一次偶然的机会,他读到了《莎士比亚故事集》,这是他与莎士比亚作品的第一次接触,也让他萌生了翻译外国文学作品的初步想法。此后,他便一发不可收拾,用了大半生的时间翻译了大量外国文学名著。例如《莎士比亚悲剧四种》、《紫罗兰姑娘》、《窄门》、《英国诗选》等,一举奠定了卞之琳在中国译坛不可撼动的重要地位。尤其值得一提的是,卞之琳的早期翻译将他的翻译能力与诗歌创作紧密结合,翻译了大量诗歌。诗歌翻译也是后人研究卞之琳翻译思想与实践的重要切入点。
二、诗歌翻译难,神形兼有备
卞之琳的诗歌翻译作品大多收录在他的《英国诗选》中。在这部著作的序言部分,卞之琳不仅总结了多年形成的翻译思想,还分析了一些特殊的译诗选择。在研究如何将英文诗歌翻译成中文时,卞之琳强调:“将英文诗歌翻译成中文,不仅要使译文看上去是译自英文,又要使译文在中国读者那儿能产生如同在外国读者那儿产生的欣赏效果,此外还要让中国读者读起来朗朗上口。”卞之琳之所以对译诗要求如此之高,还在于他丰富的译诗经验,而这些理论上的要求又反过来充分指导了卞之琳翻译实践的进步。如果仔细阅读卞之琳的译诗作品就不难发现,卞之琳译笔之严谨、选词用句之确切,不仅达意也可传神,将原作的音、意、形、神忠实地再现出来。例如英国著名抒情诗人托马斯!格雷的代表作《墓畔哀歌》,在卞之琳的译笔下写成:“晚钟响起,白昼报丧,牛群迂回,吼声起落,牧人回家,脚步踉跄,将整个世界留给黄昏……”托马斯·格雷以这首诗表达了对一位逝去农夫的.绵长哀叹。卞之琳准确把握住了格雷的创作目的和内心的哀思,因此在译文中也充分表现出了舒缓纡徐、凄凉哀婉、平实朴素的风格。至于原作的诗文格律,卞之琳采取了移植的方式,基本做到了亦步亦趋或者一一对应。此外,在《英国诗选》中,卞之琳译诗作品忠实原作的地方也是随处可见。实际上,在中国译诗界,能既忠于原作形式又忠于原作内容的翻译家并不多见。绝大多数翻译家在译诗实践中经常照顾了形式却损失了内容,或者照顾了内容却没了形式。卞之琳在两全其美方面是比较成功的。这得益于他对信达雅的深刻理解。他曾提出:信作为翻译的基础,是不允许译者随意增减译文内容的,但是信并不能完全代替原文;由于中西语言文化上的固有差异,达与雅在翻译中是必不可少的。正是在丰富的理论支撑下,卞之琳在翻译实践道路上才越走越好。
三、莎翁如有知,必赞之琳妙
卞之琳在他漫长的翻译生涯中翻译了大量的外国文学作品,如《紫罗兰姑娘》、《莎士比亚悲剧四种》、《窄门》以及《英国诗选》等。同时,他还根据自己的翻译经验和对诗歌的浓厚兴趣,创作出了《鱼目集》、《十年诗草》和《三秋草》等一系列具有西方特色的诗歌作品。通过多年来对翻译工作的潜心钻研,卞之琳总结出了一套与众不同的翻译理论,并将这些心得体会和理论成果运用到他的《莎士比亚悲剧论痕》、《布莱希特戏剧印象记》等书中。卞之琳撰写的翻译理论和文学评论书籍对我国翻译工作的发展有着积极影响。
卞之琳为人熟知的翻译成果主要是他对莎士比亚戏剧作品的翻译。他被国内翻译界普遍认为是研究莎士比亚文学的专家。虽然没有资料记载卞之琳开始从事翻译工作的确切时间,但根据他自己的回忆,他的翻译工作开始于 20 世纪初他在北京大学读书时翻译的《西窗集》。当时《西窗集》译作在北京大学校内广为流传,颇受校内青年学生的喜爱。这也被人们视为卞之琳翻译工作的开端。从此,他便致力于翻译工作,并一发不可收拾。1988 年,卞之琳的《莎士比亚悲剧四种》被公开出版发行,这代表了当时国内研究和翻译莎士比亚文学的最高水平。在大多数国内外学者看来,卞之琳的《莎士比亚悲剧四种》与《莎士比亚悲剧论痕》是国内研究莎士比亚文学里程碑式的两部著作。卞之琳在翻译上的成就始于他对翻译的浓厚兴趣。从卞之琳在浦东中学读书时起,就对英文有着浓厚兴趣,并在中学毕业后报考了北大英语系。事实上,卞之琳对英语的兴趣还得追溯到 1926 年,当时在海门的卞之琳偶然间在别人那里看到一本《莎士比亚故事集》,他被这本书的精彩内容深深吸引,从此,他喜欢上了英国文学。上大学后,卞之琳在北京大学度过了几年无忧无虑的校园生活。毕业后,卞之琳一直过着四海漂泊的生活,但他始终没有因为环境因素放弃过对英国文学的热爱。
四、完美不可得,极致终可期
卞之琳的翻译经验十分丰富,他在翻译领域的成就也有目共睹,但他从来不会遵循某种固定的翻译理论或翻译模式。他曾说过,虽然自己多年来从事翻译工作,却没有依赖翻译理论。然而,卞之琳在翻译工作中,并不是毫无根据随心所欲地进行翻译,而是有他自己对翻译的理解和看法。正如他在一篇译序中提到,翻译英文诗歌时,要达到十全十美几乎不可能。因为诗歌与小说等文学体裁不同,它在创作时需要考虑到全诗内容、形式、韵律和意境的和谐统一。因此,译者在翻译诗歌时,很可能在不同程度上破坏原诗的完整性和协调性。虽然卞之琳对诗歌翻译的完美性并没有太大信心,但这丝毫没有影响他对诗歌翻译的兴趣。他认真研究诗歌翻译的方法,试图在尊重原诗的基础上使译诗更加完美。
2002年10月,南开大学外国语学院和《中国翻译》编辑部联合举办“全国《红楼梦》翻译研讨会”,这是专就一部文学经典的翻译举行的学术会议。大会收到数量较多的论文,这里汇集的是其中的一部分,凑成一个集子,以资纪念。同时,借此机会与学者们互通信息,交流经验,共同推动《红楼梦》的翻译研究。
在世界文学史上,有因对具体作家的研究而发展成为一个专门学问的,如,将英国戏剧家莎士比亚研究称为“莎学”,将爱尔兰作家乔伊斯 (JamesJoyce)研究称为“乔学”。因对一本书的研究而发展成专门学问的不多,《红楼梦》是一个。这是文学史上一个特殊的现象。
《红楼梦》于乾隆五十六(1791)年第一次刊印,至清朝末年,一些文人把对《红楼梦》的研读和评说称之为“红学”。此后的“红学”经历了一个曲折的发展过程,至于今,已成为一门显学,不仅在中国,在国外也受关注。
《红楼梦》作为一部文学经典具有恒久的魅力,它在中国文化里产生、流传,在异域文化里也得到传播——主要通过它的译文得以实现。 目前,《红楼梦》已有十五六种文字的译本。就英语译本看,它的翻译经历了一个较长的历史。陈宏薇教授和江帆在她们合写的《难忘的历程》里说,自 1830年英国皇家学会会员戴维斯翻译《红楼梦》第三回片断开始, 160年来,先后产生了9种英译文。在霍克斯/闵福德和杨宪益夫女王的全译本之前的翻译都是节译,其中以王良志(1927)和王际真 (1929)的译本在推动《红楼梦》在西方流传方面影响较大。
20世纪70年代,英国汉学家戴维·霍克斯(DavidHawkes)着手翻译《红楼梦》前80回,由英国企鹅出版公司出版,译文书名为 The StoryO/the Stone,分三卷,第一卷The Golden Days(1973),包括前26回;第二卷The Crab—Flower Club(1977),包括27 —53回;第三卷The Warning Voice(1980),包括54—80回。后来约翰·闵福德(John Minford)继霍克斯翻译了《红楼梦》的后四十回,分两卷出版,第四卷TheDebto/Tears(1982),包括81—98回;第五卷TheDreamer Wakes(1986),包括99—120回。
20世纪70年代后期,杨宪益(Yang Hsien-yi)和戴乃迭(Glad— ysYang)夫夕]也开始了翻译《红楼梦》的巨大工程,于1978— 1980年由外文出版社(北京)分三卷出版,译文书名为‘4 Dream o/ Red Mansions。
《红楼梦》两个英文全译本的出版,不仅是中国和英语国家文化交流的大事,也是文学翻译的大事,它促进了中国古典小说的翻译进程。在此后不到十年的时间里,相继又出版了由詹纳(W.J。 P.Jenner)翻译的《西游记》(/ourneycOthe West,1982),由沙博里 (SidneyShapiro)翻译的《水浒传》(Outlaws O/the Marsh,1988),以及由罗伯茨(Moss Roberts)翻译的《三国演义》(Three King— doms,1994)。至此,中国四部古典文学名著的英文全译本已出齐。在推动中国古典文学名著英译并使其形成一个蓬勃发展的形势过程中,《红楼梦》的英译者们是有功劳的。
随着《红楼梦》的翻译出版,出现了《红楼梦》翻译批评和研究的好形势。 自戴维·霍克斯于1973年出版第一卷The Golden Days以来,便有人开始写研究《红楼梦》翻译的文章。据不完全统计,到目前就霍克斯/闵福德译本和杨宪益/戴乃迭译本所写的散见于各地的研究文章,已有70余篇,加上这里收集的30几篇,足有100多篇。这期间也有关于《红楼梦》翻译研究的专著问世,如南开大学王宏印教授的《<红楼梦>诗词曲赋英译比较研究》,是《红楼梦》系统研究的一个良好开端。现在研究《红楼梦》翻译的人逐渐多起来,专家学者之外,也有青年教师和研究生。在这种形势下,探讨如何使《红楼梦》的翻译研究深入,也许能够使其成为一个专门的研究课题,为翻译作为一门学科的建设做贡献,这是很值得的。
从这里收入的文章看,大体分二种类型。一种是宏观类型的研究,其研究方法突破了以往规定性的“标准一分析一结论”和文本“对等”的单一模式,回到历史和文化的背景中,研究《红楼梦》翻译和当时的历史、政治、文化和文学思潮的互动关系,·体现了以历史地描述和解释为主的科学研究的性质;这一类型里还有关于《红楼梦》翻译的体制、策略、翻译倾向和补偿策略等问题的研究,也是值得重视的问题。另一种是微观类型的研究,多涉及文化和语言层面的问题,以阐释批评的方式对译作和原作以及它们之间的关系进行评价,对译作进行审美的和其他方面的价值判断等。
这两种类型的研究各有自己的功能和价值。宏观方面的研究可以帮助我们认识不同文化之间的交流和理解是经过怎样一个过程实现的;微观方面的研究可以帮助我们思考如何翻译好,如何培养好的译者,以真正实现文化交流的目的。勒菲弗尔(Andr6 Lefe— vere)和巴斯奈特(Susan Bassneff)将这二者比喻为翻译大厦里的两栋房子,没有理由不让它们并肩而立。
翻译研究的目的除了对翻译活动进行客观的和科学的描述和解释,还要通过研究翻译过程和翻译作品对翻译进行理论总结,以端正对翻译的认识,提高翻译质量,促进翻译事业的发展。
著名红学家冯其庸说:《红楼梦》是一首无韵的《离骚》,也是一部“说”家之绝唱。 自从《红楼梦》问世以后,中国的古典小说再也没有超越它的作品出现了。《红楼梦》是一部“前不见古人,后不见来者”的千古绝唱!
读过《红楼梦》的人大概都同意这个意见,甚至连读过《红楼梦》的外国人也持同样的看法。斯洛伐克翻译家玛丽纳·恰尔诺古尔斯卡(Marina Camogul3ka)就说:因为它是一部天才的小说、散文和诗的交响曲,它是一部集所有重要的中国文化之大成的百科全书,它是一部蕴涵重要的人生哲理和世界观的小说——而这样大师级的文学作品在世界上任何别的地方均不存在。
《红楼梦》的译者以及未来的《红楼梦》译者们肩负着一个伟大而艰难的使命,即,通过译文让英语读者也能认识到“《红楼梦》是一部‘前不见古人,后不见来者’的千古绝唱”,是一部“在世界上任何别的地方均不存在”的作品。如果我们的译文不能达到这样的境界,那就辜负了这部伟大的作品。
钱谷融先生认为一切文学作品都应该是诗,都应该有诗的意味。他说李白、杜甫的诗篇是诗,曹雪芹的《红楼梦》以及鲁迅的《朝花夕拾》都是诗,研究文学不可忘记文学作品的本质是诗。他的这番话对于翻译的研究者和文学作品的译者有很深的启示:《红楼梦》里“诗的意味”是什么,它是以怎样的形式表现出来或隐含在内,翻译《红楼梦》时如何才能体验和再现它的“诗的意味”。这些涉及到文艺美学也涉及到翻译美学,是《红楼梦》的翻译和研究不可回避的问题。
《红楼梦》的翻译研究虽属个案研究,但在对两种语言、两种文学和文化的对比研究中可以汲取丰富的灵感和资源,用科学的方法加以梳理总结,可以使我们的翻译研究建立在语言、文学和文化对比研究的坚实的基础之上,在对比语言学、对比文化学、文艺美学和翻译诗学等方面有所发现,为翻译学的建设和翻译事业的发展做出自己的贡献
In October 2002, Nankai University Foreign Languages Institute and "Chinese Translation" Editorial Department jointly organized the "National" Dream of Red Mansions "translation workshop," This is a classic on the translation of a literary conference held. The General Assembly received a large number of papers collected here are part of, to make up a collection, memento of the occasion. At the same time, and scholars to take this opportunity to share information, exchange experiences and jointly promote the "Dream of Red Mansions" of translation studies.
In the history of world literature, a writer because of the specific research and the development of a specialized knowledge of, for example, the British dramatist Shakespeare referred to as the "school-sha", the Irish writer James Joyce (JamesJoyce) study known as "Joe Xue . " Because of a book devoted to research and develop into a little learning, "A Dream of Red Mansions" is a. This is a special literary phenomenon.
"A Dream of Red Mansions" at 56 Qianlong (1791) published for the first time to the late Qing dynasty, a number of scholars to "A Dream of Red Mansions" and comment on the study called "A Dream of Red Mansions." Since then the "A Dream of Red Mansions" has gone through a tortuous development process, as this has become a significant study, not only in China, in other countries of concern.
"A Dream of Red Mansions" as a literary classic with a long-lasting charm, which have a culture in China, spread in a foreign land has been the dissemination of culture - mainly through its President can be achieved. At present, the "Dream of Red Mansions" has been the translation of languages十五六. On the English translation, the translation of it has gone through a long history. And Professor Chen Hongwei Jiang Fan in their co-wrote the "unforgettable journey," said that since 1830 the Royal Society of translation Davis, "A Dream of Red Mansions" to fragment the third year, 160 years ago, has resulted in nine kinds of English translation . In the Hawkes / Min Yang Xianyi Ford and the Queen's husband before the whole translation of the translation section is translated, with Wang Chi (1927) and WANG Ji-Zhen (1929) in promoting the translation of "A Dream of Red Mansions" in the West affect the larger circulation.
The 20th century, 70's, the United Kingdom戴维霍克斯sinologist (DavidHawkes) start of translation, "A Dream of Red Mansions" before the 80 back, from United Kingdom Penguin Books published the title of President for The StoryO / the Stone, in three volumes, the first volume of The Golden Days (1973), including the former 26 Back; II The Crab-Flower Club (1977), including back to 27 -53; III The Warning Voice (1980), including back to 54-80. Later, John Minford (John Minford) following the Hawkes translation of "A Dream of Red Mansions" after the 40 back, in two volumes published in Volume IV TheDebto / Tears (1982), including back to 81-98; TheDreamer V Wakes (1986), including back to 99-120.
70 In the late 20th century, Yang Yi (Yang Hsien-yi) and Gladys (Glad-ysYang) Fu Xi] also began the translation, "A Dream of Red Mansions," the great works, in 1978 - 1980 by Foreign Languages Press (Beijing) published in three volumes, entitled Mr'4 Dream o / Red Mansions.
"A Dream of Red Mansions" two of the published English translation of the whole is not only a cultural exchange between China and the major English-speaking countries, but also a major event in literary translation, it has promoted the translation of classical Chinese novels process. Less than a decade in time, have also published by Jenner (W.J. P. Jenner) translation of "Journey to the West" (/ ourneycOthe West, 1982), by the Shapiro-ri (SidneyShapiro) Translation " Outlaws of the Marsh "(Outlaws O / the Marsh, 1988), as well as Roberts (Moss Roberts) translation of the" Romance of the Three Kingdoms "(Three King-doms, 1994). So far, four classical Chinese Literature in English translation has been a homogeneous whole. In promoting the English translation of Chinese Classical Literature and make it into a dynamic growth process, "A Dream of Red Mansions" is the British translator who has the credit of.
With the "Dream of Red Mansions" translated and published, there has been "A Dream of Red Mansions," the study of translation criticism and a good situation.戴维霍克斯since the publication of Volume I in 1973, since The Golden Days, people began to write research "A Dream of Red Mansions," the article translated. According to incomplete statistics, the current on the Hawkes / Minford translation and Yang Hsien-yi / Gladys written translation research scattered throughout the articles, there are more than 70 articles, together with the collection of 30 essays here, there are more than 100 feet articles. During this period there are on "A Dream of Red Mansions" Translation Studies monographs available, such as the Nankai University's Professor Wang Hongyin "<A Dream of Red Mansions> Poetry A Comparative Study of the English translation of Qu Fu" and "A Dream of Red Mansions" System of a good start. Research is now "A Dream of Red Mansions" translation gradually grown, outside experts and scholars, there are young teachers and graduate students. Under such circumstances, to explore how to make the "A Dream of Red Mansions," the translation of research in depth, may be able to make it a special research topic for the translation as a discipline to contribute to the building, it is worth it.
Income from here to see the article, generally divided into two types. One is the macro-type of research, the research methods of breaking through the previous "standard an analysis of a conclusion" and the text of "reciprocity" of single-mode and return to historical and cultural background, the study of "A Dream of Red Mansions" translation and the historical, political, cultural and literary interaction between ideas, reflects the historical description and interpretation of the nature of scientific research-based; this type there are still on "A Dream of Red Mansions" translation system, strategy, Translation compensation trends and issues such as research strategy, one that deserves attention. Another type of study is the micro-, multi-cultural and linguistic level, in order to explain the criticism of the way and the original translation as well as their evaluation of the relationship between, on the translation for aesthetic and other value judgments and so on.
Both types of study have their own functions and values. Macro-studies can help us understand the exchange between different cultures and understanding how a process is achieved; micro research can help us to think about how good the translation, how to cultivate a good translator, so as to really achieve the purpose of cultural exchange . Lefebvre (Andr6 Lefe-vere) and Bassnett (Susan Bassneff) compared to the translation of these two buildings in the two houses, there is no reason not to allow them to stand shoulder to shoulder.
The purpose of translation studies translation activities in addition to objective and scientific description and explanation, but also by studying the process of translation and translation work on the translation of theoretical summary to correct understanding of translation, translation quality, and promote the development of translation.
Yong Feng红学家famous said: "A Dream of Red Mansions" is a non-rhyme of "Li Sao", is also a "say" home of farewell. Since the "Dream of Red Mansions" after launch, the Chinese classical novel does not go beyond it no longer works there. "A Dream of Red Mansions" is a "not before the ancients, the latter were not to" the eternal farewell!
Read "A Dream of Red Mansions" who probably agree with this view, and even read the "Dream of Red Mansions" of foreigners, also holds the same view. Slovakia玛丽纳恰尔诺古尔斯卡translator (Marina Camogul3ka) said: because it is a genius of fiction, prose and poetry of the symphony, it is a collection of all the important of the Chinese culture Dacheng Encyclopedia, which is an important implication of the life philosophy and world view of the novel - and this master of literary works in the world do not exist in any other places.
"A Dream of Red Mansions" and the future of the translator, "A Dream of Red Mansions" translators are responsible for a great and difficult mission, that is, through the President so that English readers will understand "" A Dream of Red Mansions "is a 'pre - not ancient, but not to those who, after 'the eternal farewell "is a" in the world do not exist in any other places "works. Asked if we can not achieve such a state, then let this great work.
Mr. Qian Gurong that all literary works should be poetry, poetry should have the means. He said that Li Bai, Du Fu's poetry is poetry, Cao Xueqin's "Dream of Red Mansions" and Lu Xun's "朝花夕拾" are poetry, literary studies should not forget that the essence of literature is poetry. Translation of his remarks for the researchers and the translator of literary works have a very deep inspiration: "A Dream of Red Mansions" in "means that poetry" is what kind of form it is manifested or implied, including, translation of "A Dream of Red Mansions" how to reproduce it in order to experience and the "means of poetry." These relate to literary aesthetics of translation also involves aesthetics, is "A Dream of Red Mansions" of the translation and study of the problem can not be avoided.
"A Dream of Red Mansions", although the translation of research case studies, but in two languages, two types of Comparative Literature and cultural studies can learn a wealth of inspiration and resources to sort out the scientific method to sum up, you can make our translation Research based on language, literature and cultural comparative study on the solid foundation, in contrast to linguistics, comparative culture, literature and art aesthetics and poetics of translation has been found and so on, for the construction of translation studies and translation of the cause of the development of its own contribution to
CICI你好,单单只是《翻译》这种论文有很多方向,而且题材很广,可以用中英文写,你可以考虑你的特长与兴趣,如果没有特别要求,我还是推荐名著片断翻译吧,用中文写比较简单。可以是《傲慢与偏见》、《简爱》,《呼啸山庄》,《茶花女》等片断的翻译,最好在文章里加一点翻译的技巧内容(可以在网上找),还有加上你自己对这篇翻译片段的评价就最好了。
毕业论文应包括:封面、论文提纲、标题、论文摘要、正文、注释、参考文献。对所引用的文献论文中必须注明引用著作的书名或论文名、作者、出版单位(或期刊名)、出版时间及页码,引用其他参考材料也应注明资料来源。
封面:如果要打印出来就加个封面,这样效果比较好,至于封面怎样随你自己设计,别忘了写题头。如“2003级**系**班学生毕业论文”。
另外一页:文章格式
1,论文题目____(不多于25字)
2,班级___(学号)___
3,姓名____
4,指导老师(如果有就可以写上)_____
5,论文摘要;摘要150—200字。
6,关键词:关键词排在摘要的下方,左对齐,选3-8个词语,使用规范汉字
7,正文内容:毕业论文的内容容量应与所给予的时间及学分相适应,字数是按各个学校规定的,翻译的一般要5000字左右.
8,注释:不得少于10个,格式采用“著者/出版年制”,即“序号,作者姓名,文献题目,发表的刊号,年,卷,期,页码”。序号采用“[1][2][3]……”形式。
8,参考文献:如果在文章中引用的一些语句,评价等是摘自某些书的,你就要在论文末尾注明这句是出自哪本书(书写格式是:〔编号〕,作者,书名,出版单位,年份,版次,页码),这样就可以增加你文章的可信度!
7,附录:包括放在正文里过于冗长的公式,以备他人方便阅读所需的辅助性工具,重复性的数据图表.论文使用的符号意义,单位缩写,程序全名以及有关说明.(写翻译这种论文可以不用)
8,打印日期