一.Proposal是什么？
Proposal是对你所提出的研究的简明而连贯的总结。它列出了你想要解决的中心问题。
它概述了你研究的一般研究领域，涉及到当前的知识水平和任何最近关于该主题的辩论。
这也证明了你提出的研究的原创性。
研究计划是你在申请过程中提交的最重要的文件。它给你一个机会来证明你有研究生水平的研究能力，例如，证明你有能力清晰、简洁和批判性地表达复杂的想法。
二.Proposal该怎么写？
知道了Proposal的结构，下笔就更容易啦。
Proposal所要求的内容和结构因研究领域的不同而不同。因此，你应该与你的导师密切协商，以便了解你所学领域的任何特殊要求。不过，一般而言，一项研究计划包括以下部分:
标题（Title）
摘要（Abstract）
主题背景，意义和研究问题（Background to the topic, significance and research problem）
研究目的和研究问题（Research aims and questions）
文献综述（Review of literature）
研究/项目设计（Study/project design）
时间轴（Timeline）
预期成果/影响(Expected outcomes/impact)
参考文献（References）
Procedure
The procedure or the methodology is the heart of the proposal because it must tell the reader how you propose to carry out your project. It must convince your advisor (or in industry your manager or potential client) that you clearly understand your task, have a logical time plan for solving your problems, and have identified all the resources you need.
If your proposal is for an IQP, you must take special care to explain HOW you plan to relate some aspect of science or technology to society. Note that "technology" need not be defined narrowly here: "technology" can mean the techniques used to manage or evaluate any resource efficiently, not just "nuts and bolts" hardware. But you must explain clearly how your procedure insures that the WPI IQP degree requirement will be satisfied by completing a project which defines, investigates, and reports on a topic relating science or technology to a social need or issue. In short, why is your topic an IQP?
Some of the other questions the reader will expect you to answer in this section are:
1. What are the tasks and sub-tasks identified to achieve your objectives?
2. What materials will you need to carry out your project: equipment? computer support? typing? graphics? others?
3. What data are needed for the project and how will they be collected? If the project requires a survey or interviews, the design of this instrument (especially the selection of participants) must be explained and justified.
4. What method or process will be used to analyze this data and where else (if anywhere) has this method or process been used?
5. What time frame do you think you will need to accomplish identified tasks or subtasks? Should schedules be presented in standard forms like PERT or Task Charts? (see Figures 1 and 2.)
6。 If you are working on a team, which teammates will accomplish which sections?
7. What costs do you anticipate the project will incur -- in other words, your budget? (A Budget Summary Request Form must be submitted to the Interdisciplinary Studies Division Office as shown in Appendix 1 for IQP Proposals. A Budget summary for an MQP Proposal should be submitted to the individual department.)
英语专业毕业论文范文(1) english paper
A Brief Analysis of english teaching in senior high school
Abstract: Classroom teaching is the main way for students to learn English. But in senior high school, a lots of probelms still exsit in the English teaching especially in the teaching of reading and writing. In this paper, the importance and methods of reading and writing will be further discussed. Key words: reading writing techniques
Introduction: Classes should be learner-centered, with meaningful, functional activities, often, classes begin by finding out what the students don’t know. These classes operate on the assumption that there is a great deal of information that students lack and that the teacher and textbooks will impact that information to the students. Teachers who hold this assumption view students as plants waiting passively to be fed and watered. But I think the students should be regarded as explorers, active learners who bring a great deal to the learning process and at the same time, draw from their environment as they develop new understandings. The basic principle will be used in the teaching of reading and writing.
Section One------ How to teach reading
I. Why teach reading
There are many reasons why getting students to read English texts is an important part of the teacher’s job. In the first place, many of them want to be able to read texts in English either for their careers, for study purposes or simply for pleasure. Anything we can do to make reading easier for them must be a good idea.
Reading texts provide good models for English writing, provide opportunities to study language vocabulary, grammar, punctuation, and the way to construct sentences, paragraphs and texts. Lastly, good reading texts can introduce interesting topics, stimulate discussion, excite imaginative responses and be the springboard for well-rounded, fascinating lessons.
