Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion across cultures. For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
面部表情的含义由场合和关系决定。例如，在美国文化中微笑通常是一种快乐的表达，不过也有其他含义，女人对警察微笑与她对小孩的微笑含义不同。微笑可以表示爱或礼貌，也可以隐藏真实的感情。它经常引起跨文化的困惑。例如，在俄罗斯，许多人当众对陌生人微笑是不寻常的，甚至是不恰当的。然而，许多美国人在公共场所对陌生人随意微笑（尽管在大城市并不常见）。一些俄罗斯人认为美国人微笑的场合不当；一些美国人认为俄罗斯人笑得不够。在东南亚文化中，微笑经常被用来掩饰痛苦的感觉。越南人可能会讲一个悲伤的故事，但以微笑结束故事。
Our faces show emotions, but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
我们的脸上流露出情感，但我们不应该像“阅读”来自我们自己文化的人一样，试图“阅读”来自另一种文化的人。事实上一种文化的成员不像另一种文化的成员那样公开表达自己的情感，并不意味着他们没有经历情感。相反，在允许的面部表情数量上存在文化差异。例如，在公开场合和正式场合，许多日本人不像美国人那样自由地表达自己的情感，而和朋友在一起时，日本人和美国人似乎表现出相似的情感。
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly.
由于美国的个人和文化差异，很难对美国人和面部表情进行概括。在美国，来自某些文化背景的人似乎比其他人更善于表达自己的观点，关键是不要评判那些表达情感方式不同的人。如果我们根据自己的文化习惯来判断，我们可能会犯错误地“阅读”他人。
A Coke and a Smile
I know now that the man who sat with me on the old wooden stairs that hot summer night overthirty-five years ago was not a tall man. But to a five-year-old, he was a giant. We sat side byside, watching the sun go down behind the old Texaco service station across the busy street. Astreet that I was never allowed to cross unless accompanied by an adult, or at the very least, anolder sibling.
可乐与微笑
我现在知道，35年前那个炎热夏夜和我坐在破旧的木楼梯上的老人并不高大，但对一个5岁的孩子来说，他却是一个巨人。我们并排坐着，看着太阳落在繁忙的街对面那个老德克萨克加油站的背后。除非有大人或至少一个哥哥或姐姐陪着，我从未被允许穿过那条街。
Cherry-scented smoke from Grampy's pipe kept the hungry mosquitoes at bay while gray, wispyswirls danced around our heads. Now and again, he blew a smoke ring and laughed as I tried totarget the hole with my finger. I, clad in a cool summer nightie, and Grampy, his sleeveless T-shirt, sat watching the traffic. We counted cars and tried to guess the color of the next one toturn the corner.
从祖父烟斗里喷出的白色烟雾在我们脑袋周围上下旋绕，它们散发的樱桃香味使贪婪的蚊子不敢靠近。他不时地喷出一串烟圈，在我试着将手指插入烟圈时他放声大笑。我穿着凉爽的小睡衣，祖父穿着他的无袖T恤，坐在那儿观看繁忙的交通。我们数着过往的车辆，并猜想着下一辆拐过街角的汽车的颜色。
Once again, I was caught in the middle of circumstances. The fourth born of six children, it wasnot uncommon that I was either too young or too old for something. This night I was both. Whilemy two baby brothers slept inside the house, my three older siblings played with friends aroundthe corner, where I was not allowed to go. I stayed with Grampy, and that was okay with me. I waswhere I wanted to be. My grandfather was baby-sitting while my mother, father and grandmotherwent out.
我又一次陷于两头都够不上的中间境遇，作为6个孩子中的老四，很多事情对于我来说不是因为年龄太小，就是太大而不合适。那天夜里就是这样。我的两个小兄弟在屋里睡觉，我的另外3个长兄和姐姐在拐角与小伙伴们玩，而我是不允许去那里的。我与祖父呆在一起，这也挺好，正是我想呆的地方。在父母和祖母外出时，祖父就在家看孩子。
Thirsty?" Grampy asked, never removing the pipe from his mouth.
" Yes," was my reply." How would you like to run over to the gas station there and get yourself abottle of Coke?"
I couldn't believe my ears. Had I heard right? Was he talking to me? On my family's modestincome, Coke was not a part of our budget or diet. A few tantalizing sips was all I had everhad, and certainly never my own bottle.
" Okay," I replied shyly, already wondering how I would get across the street. Surely Grampy wasgoing to come with me.
"渴吗?"祖父烟斗不离口地问我。
"是的。"我回答说。"跑到街对面的加油站去给你自己买瓶可乐怎么样?"
我简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，我没有听错吧?他是在跟我说话吗?就我们家微薄的收入来说，可乐不是我们家庭开销的一部分。我只是迫不及待地啜过几小口，从来没有自己喝过一瓶。
"好的。"我害羞地回答说，已经在想着该怎样穿过马路，祖父当然会跟我一块。
Grampy stretched his long leg out straight and reached his huge hand deep into the pocket. Icould hear the familiar jangling of the loose change he always carried. Opening his fist, heexposed a mound of silver coins. There must have been a million dollars there. He instructed meto pick out a dime. After he deposited the rest of the change back into his pocket, he stood up.
" Okay," he said, helping me down the stairs and to the curb, " I'm going to stay here and keepan ear out for the babies. I'll tell you when it's safe to cross. You go over to the Cokemachine, get your Coke and come back out. Wait for me to tell you when it's safe to cross back."
祖父将他的长腿伸直，把他的大手伸进口袋。我能听到零钱相碰而发出的熟悉的丁当声，他总是把这些零钱带在身上。他张开手，露出了一堆宝贝似的银币。那里面一定有100万美元!他让我拿出一个1角的硬币。把零钱放回口袋后，他站了起来。
"好吧，"他说，帮着我下楼梯到马路沿儿那儿去，"我站在这儿，听着屋里的两个孩子有没有动静，什么时候穿过马路安全，我会告诉你的。你到对面的可乐机那儿买到你的可乐后再走回来。等着我告诉你什么时候过马路安全。"
My heart pounded. I clutched my dime tightly in my sweaty palm. Excitement took my breath away.
Grampy held my hand tightly. Together we looked up the street and down, and back up again. Hestepped off the curb and told me it was safe to cross. He let go of my hand and I ran. I ranfaster than I had ever run before. The street seemed wide. I wondered if I would make it to theother side. Reaching the other side, I turned to find Grampy. There he was, standing exactlywhere I had left him, smiling proudly. I waved.
" Go on, hurry up," he yelled.
我的心砰砰地跳着，紧紧地用汗手攥着那枚1角的硬币，兴奋地喘不上气来。
祖父紧紧地拉着我的手，我们一块看了看大街的前后左右。他走下马路沿儿，告诉我现在可以过去了。他放开我的手，我跑了起来。我从没有跑得这么快过。街道似乎很宽，我怀疑自己是否能跑到对面。跑到对面后，我回头寻找祖父，他正站在我离开他的地方，为我自豪地微笑着。我朝他挥了挥手。
"接着走，快点。"他喊道。
My heart pounded wildly as I walked inside the dark garage.I had been inside the garage beforewith my father. My surroundings were familiar. I heard the Coca-Cola machine motor humming evenbefore I saw it. I walked directly to the big old red-and-white dispenser. I knew where to insertmy dime. I had seen it done before and had fantasized about this moment many times.
the big old monster GREedily accepted my dime, and I heard the bottles shift. On tiptoes Ireached up and opened the heavy door. There they were: one neat row of thick green bottles,necks staring directly at me, and ice cold from the refrigeration. I held the door open with myshoulder and grabbed one. With a quick yank, I pulled it free from its bondage. Another oneimmediately took its place. The bottle was cold in my sweaty hands. I will never forget thefeeling of the cool glass on my skin. With two hands, I positioned the bottleneck under the heavybrass opener that was bolted to the wall. The cap dropped into an old wooden box, and I reachedin to retrieve it. I was cold and bent in the middle, but I knew I needed to have thissouvenir. Coke in hand, I proudly marched back out into the early evening dusk. Grampy waswaiting patiently. He smiled.
我的心砰砰乱跳着走进昏暗的修车站。我以前曾和父亲一块来过这里，对周围的一切都很熟悉。甚至在看见可口可乐机之前就听到了其马达发出的嗡嗡声。我径直走向那台红白相间的巨大的老自动售货机。我知道该往哪儿插硬币，我曾看人做过并曾多次幻想有一天我也能亲身试一试。
那个老巨人贪婪地吞下我的硬币，我听见了瓶子移动的声音。我踮起脚尖伸手摸索着打开了它厚重的门。它们就在那儿!一排整齐的深绿色瓶子，瓶颈一个挨一个地凝视着我，冰箱里散发出冰冷的气息。我用肩膀顶着门，伸手抓住一个，迅速一拉，将它从捆绑中拉了出来，另一个立即占据了它的位置。瓶子在我汗浸浸的手中显得格外冰凉，我永远忘不了冰凉的瓶子接触我皮肤时的感觉。我两手抓住瓶子，将瓶颈放在固定的墙上的厚铜开瓶器下，瓶盖立即掉在一个老木箱里，我伸手将它捡了出来，感觉好凉，中间已经弯曲，但我知道我需要拥有这个纪念品。手拿可乐，我自豪地走回到外面，已是黄昏时分。祖父正耐心地等待着，并面带微笑。
" Stop right there," he yelled. One or two cars sped by me, and once again, Grampy stepped offthe curb." Come on, now," he said, " run." I did. Cool brown foam sprayed my hands." Don't everdo that alone," he warned.I held the Coke bottle tightly, fearful he would make me pour it intoa cup, ruining this dream come true. He didn't. One long swallow of the cold beverage cooled mysweating body. I don't think I ever felt so proud.
"停在那儿，"一两辆车在我面前飞驶而过，祖父再次走下马路沿儿，"现在过来，"他说，"跑过来!"我跑了起来，冰凉的棕色泡沫溅在我的手上。"别再一个人独自过马路!"他警告我。我紧紧地抱着可乐瓶，生怕他让我把可乐倒在杯子里，毁掉我的梦想。他没有。我咕噜噜长长地吞下一口冰凉的可乐，冒汗的身体顿觉清爽无比。我认为自己再也没有过当时那样的自豪。
微笑
大千世界精彩多多，快乐多多，于是到处充满了欢声笑语，亿万生灵的多样性构成了不同类型的笑。有童真的笑，友好的笑；恶意的笑，挖苦的笑；赞赏的笑，讽刺的笑；也有胜利后高兴的笑；有失败后痛苦的笑……
世界上有一种最美丽、最高尚的笑——友善的微笑。（紧扣话题，提出“友善是最美丽、最高尚”的观点）
笑——逗乐了孩子
刚学会喊“不不”[姑姑]的小丫正在学走路，姑姑天天带她走路，看她那吃力的样子，姑姑松开了拉她的手。高兴着的小丫刚迈一步，身体就失去了平衡，眨眼工夫小丫脸朝天身倒地。这时，小丫眼中充满了泪水，姑姑忙做了个鬼脸，并且可爱地微笑着，你看，小丫的眼泪不知所向，换来的是高兴的脸蛋。
一个善意的笑可以将放声大哭的孩子逗乐。
笑——增加了勇气
今年6岁的小毛上幼儿园了，开始小毛对这陌生的环境、同学和老师都害怕。几天过去了，小毛熟记了所学的知识，也交了几个小伙伴，惟一不足是不敢在老师和大家面前讲话。有一天，老师提问他，早已做好准备的他由于一时紧张而说不出话来了。这时，老师友善地向他笑了笑，老师的笑平定了他的紧张，老师的笑让他想起了妈妈的笑，于是，勇气在微笑中产生，在微笑中他流利地回答出了问题。
一个友善的笑，给一个幼儿的生灵带来了勇气。
笑——扭转人生
这是发生在美国的一个小故事。正在家忙碌的珍妮太太听到一阵急促的敲门声，她打开门，门外站着一个神色紧张的年轻人。年轻人的手上拿着一把斧头，珍妮太太意识到了什么，这是一个劫匪？她在想。可是那个年轻人已经紧张得说不出话来了。珍妮太太知道这不是一个真正的劫匪，因为她看到了他身上还保存着善良。她笑了，真诚地笑了，“需要我的帮助吗？孩子。你看上去很不好，来喝杯咖啡怎么样？”年轻人有些犹豫，然而珍妮太太真诚的微笑让他打消了犹豫。于是年轻人一边喝着热热的咖啡，一边向珍妮太太讲述着自己的不幸遭遇。而珍妮太太一面真诚地微笑着，一面热情地给年轻人出主意。很长时间过去了，年轻人终于露出了微笑，而此行的目的他早已忘却，他已经鼓起了重新生活的勇气。而这一切都是珍妮太太的微笑所起的作用。面对善意的微笑，他的心有血有肉了。这一笑，他离开了罪恶；这一笑，他重新走上了生活；这一笑，他与美丽的世界从此长相厮守。（排比的运用，使文章更加流畅）
友善的微笑可以压倒一切，无论来自亲人还是陌生人，关键在于它的真诚和友好。让我们以友善的微笑面对人生，面对生活，面对别人。那么世界将会有一个更美好的明天。
没有照耀万物的太阳，便没有芸芸众生的生机勃勃；没有源自内心的真诚微笑，便没有世间汩汩流动的温情。虽然，我们是哭着来到这个世上的，但是，我们应该微笑着面对人生！
微笑是护肤霜，涂在脸上，我们便愈加美丽动人；微笑是山泉水，流过心田，使我们倍感温馨和感动。微笑于朋友，是心灵的默契；微笑于陌生人，是距离的缩短；微笑于亲人，是感情的营养品；微笑于敌人，是强有力的杀伤武器。
微笑与我们的生活息息相关，却没有多少人真正去重视；微笑其实很简单，但并不是人人都能做到。
微笑是一种超然的心境，是一种淡定的从容。用微笑的心情去对待婚姻、对待家庭，你不可能不幸福！
微笑是一种气质，气质得益于修养；微笑是一种境界，境界需要磨练。喧嚣尘世，繁忙生活，受约束的是生命，不受约束的是心情，只要你的心情是明亮晴朗的，人生就没有阴天。生命——有时只需要一个真诚的微笑！
给生命一个真诚的微笑！——无论你是在成功的颠峰还是在失意的低谷，无论你是为爱而欣喜还是为恨而伤怀，只要学会了微笑，你就为自己的心灵找到了生命之初最本质的宽容和豁达，一切欢笑和泪水都变得坦荡、洒脱，你的面前也将是一片海阔天空！
给生活一个真诚的微笑！——无论你是面对一个亿万富翁还是面对一个潦倒乞丐，无论你是重逢亲朋故交还是邂逅生人新友，只要学会了微笑，你就领悟了仁爱和尊重，挥别了生活中的窒息和铅压，一切来自外界的纷扰和来自内心的羁绊也都变得无足轻重，你的周围必将充满温情和友善！
微笑是一种淡然，微笑是一种洒脱；
微笑是一种坚强，微笑是一种成熟；
微笑是一种美丽，微笑是一种魅力；
微笑是一种智慧，微笑是一种博爱；
微笑让心灵更丰盈，微笑让生命更富有！
学会了对自己微笑，就学会了热爱生活；学会了对别人微笑，就学会了珍惜美好；学会了对一切生命微笑，你的人生便处处充满阳光！
没有照耀万物的太阳，便没有芸芸众生的生机勃勃；没有源自内心的真诚微笑，便没有世间汩汩流动的温情。虽然，我们是哭着来到这个世上的，但是，我们应该微笑着面对人生！
微笑是护肤霜，涂在脸上，我们便愈加美丽动人；微笑是山泉水，流过心田，使我们倍感温馨和感动。微笑于朋友，是心灵的默契；微笑于陌生人，是距离的缩短；微笑于亲人，是感情的营养品；微笑于敌人，是强有力的杀伤武器。
微笑与我们的生活息息相关，却没有多少人真正去重视；微笑其实很简单，但并不是人人都能做到。
微笑是一种超然的心境，是一种淡定的从容。用微笑的心情去对待婚姻、对待家庭，你不可能不幸福！
微笑是一种气质，气质得益于修养；微笑是一种境界，境界需要磨练。喧嚣尘世，繁忙生活，受约束的是生命，不受约束的是心情，只要你的心情是明亮晴朗的，人生就没有阴天。生命——有时只需要一个真诚的微笑！
给生命一个真诚的微笑！——无论你是在成功的颠峰还是在失意的低谷，无论你是为爱而欣喜还是为恨而伤怀，只要学会了微笑，你就为自己的心灵找到了生命之初最本质的宽容和豁达，一切欢笑和泪水都变得坦荡、洒脱，你的面前也将是一片海阔天空！
给生活一个真诚的微笑！——无论你是面对一个亿万富翁还是面对一个潦倒乞丐，无论你是重逢亲朋故交还是邂逅生人新友，只要学会了微笑，你就领悟了仁爱和尊重，挥别了生活中的窒息和铅压，一切来自外界的纷扰和来自内心的羁绊也都变得无足轻重，你的周围必将充满温情和友善！
微笑是一种淡然，微笑是一种洒脱；
微笑是一种坚强，微笑是一种成熟；
微笑是一种美丽，微笑是一种魅力；
微笑是一种智慧，微笑是一种博爱；
微笑让心灵更丰盈，微笑让生命更富有！
学会了对自己微笑，就学会了热爱生活；学会了对别人微笑，就学会了珍惜美好；学会了对一切生命微笑，你的人生便处处充满阳光！
