In 200,Yuan Shao amassed more than 100,000 troops and marched southwards on Xuchang in the name of rescuing the emperor.Cao Cao gathered 20,000 men in Guandu,a strategic point on the shore of the Yellow River.The two armies come to a standstill as neither side was able to make much progress.Cao Cao's lack of men did not allow him to make significant attacks,and the pride of Yuan Shao forced him to target Cao Cao's force head-on.Despite his overwhelming advantage in terms of manpower Yuan Shao was unable to make full use of his resources because of his indecisive leadership and Cao Cao's location.
Besides the middle battleground of Guandu,two lines of battle were present.The eastern line with Yuan Tan of Yuan Shao's army versus Zang Ba of Cao Cao's army was a one-sided battle in favor of Cao Cao,as Yuan Tan's own questionable leadership was no match for Xang Ba's local knowledge of the landscape and hit-and-run tactics.To the western side,Yuan Shao's cousin,Gao Gan,performed much better against Cao Cao's army and forced several reinforcements from Cao Cao's main camp to maintain the western battle.Liu Bei,who was at the time a guest in Yuan Shao's army,also suggested to induce uprising in the back of Cao Cao's lands as there were many connections to the Yuan family and their subordinates.The tactic was successful at first,but quickly countered by Man Chong's diplomatic skill.Man Chong had been placed as an official there for this specific reason,as Cao Cao had foreseen the situation prior to the battle.
Finally,with the help of a defector from Yuan Shao's army,Xu You,who informed Cao Cao of the location of Yuan Shao's army supply,Cao Cao broke the standstill and sent a special task force to burn all the supplies of Yuan Shao's army and won a decisive and seemingly impossible victory.Yuan Shao fell ill and died shortly after returning from the defeat,leaving his legacy to two of his sons – the eldest son,Yuan Tan and the youngest son,Yuan Shang.As he had designated the youngest son,Yuan Shang,as his successor,rather than the eldest as tradition dictated,the two brothers consistently feuded against each other,as they fought Cao Cao.Because of their internal divisions,Cao Cao was easily able to defeat them by using their differences to his advantage.Henceforth Cao Cao assumed effective rule over all of northern China.He sent armies further out and extended his control past the Great Wall into northern Korea,and southward to the Han River.
However,Cao Cao's attempt to extend his domination south of the Yangtze River was unsuccessful.He received an initial great success when Liu Biao,ruler of Jing Zhou,died,and his successor,Liu Zong surrendered to Cao Cao without resistance.Delighted by this turn-out (Cao Cao,a devoted follower of Sun Tzu's Art of War,also considered "defeating your enemy without battle" to be the highest form of achievement of war) he pressed on and hoped the same would happen despite the objections by his military advisors.His forces were then defeated by the first coalition of his archrivals Liu Bei and Sun Quan (who later founded the kingdoms of Shu and Wu respectively) at the Red Cliffs in 208.
Yuan Longping (born September 7,1930) is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator,known for developing the first hybrid rice varieties in the 1970s.
His "hybrid rice" has since been grown in dozens of countries in Africa,America,and Asia—providing a robust food source in high famine risk areas.
Mr.Yuan won the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award of China in 2000,the Wolf Prize in agriculture
and the World Food Prize in 2004.He is currently is DirectorGeneral of the China National Hybrid Rice R&D Center andhas been appointed as Professor at Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha.
He is a member of the Chinese Acade my of Engineering,foreign associate of the US National Academy of Sciences (2006) and the 2006 CPPCC.
Mr.Yuan was born in Beijing,China.He loves playing Majong and the Erhu (Chinese violin),swimming and motorcycling.
翻译
袁隆平（1930年9月7日出生）是中国农业科学家和教育家，因在20世纪70年代开发出第一批杂交水稻品种而闻名。
他的“杂交水稻”已经在非洲、美洲和亚洲的几十个国家种植，为高饥荒风险地区提供了强大的食物来源。
袁先生于2000年获得中国国家杰出科学技术奖，农业狼奖
他目前是中国国家杂交水稻研发中心主任，并被任命为湖南农业大学长沙分校教授。
他是中国工程学会会员、美国国家科学院外籍院士（2006年）和2006年全国政协委员。
袁先生出生于中国北京。他喜欢演奏马弓和二胡（中国小提琴），游泳和骑摩托车。
Confucius (BC), BC, 479-551 ZhongNi name mound, word of spring and autumn and the end Zou towns (now shandong 481b.c ocres. Southeast)
He is our country ancient famous thinker, educator, founder of Confucianism. Legend has three thousand disciples, Yin disciple, Confucius had led 72 disciple to travel around 14 years. Confucius was a tidy home, have situations in the repair "poem", "book", settle "ritual", "happy" zhouyi, sequence, the spring and autumn annals. Confucius' thought and theory of later generations produced profound influence.
孔子(公元前551--公元前479)，名丘,字仲尼，春秋末期鲁国陬邑(今山东曲阜市东南)人。
他是我国古代著名的思想家、教育家、儒家学派创始人。相传有弟子三千，贤弟子七十二人，孔子曾带领弟子周游列国14年。孔子还是一位古文献整理家，曾修《诗》、《书》，定《礼》、《乐》，序《周易》，作《春秋》。孔子的思想及学说对后世产生了极其深远的影响。
In 200, Yuan Shao amassed more than 100,000 troops and marched southwards on Xuchang in the name of rescuing the emperor. Cao Cao gathered 20,000 men in Guandu, a strategic point on the shore of the Yellow River. The two armies come to a standstill as neither side was able to make much progress. Cao Cao's lack of men did not allow him to make significant attacks, and the pride of Yuan Shao forced him to target Cao Cao's force head-on. Despite his overwhelming advantage in terms of manpower Yuan Shao was unable to make full use of his resources because of his indecisive leadership and Cao Cao's location.
Besides the middle battleground of Guandu, two lines of battle were present. The eastern line with Yuan Tan of Yuan Shao's army versus Zang Ba of Cao Cao's army was a one-sided battle in favor of Cao Cao, as Yuan Tan's own questionable leadership was no match for Xang Ba's local knowledge of the landscape and hit-and-run tactics. To the western side, Yuan Shao's cousin, Gao Gan, performed much better against Cao Cao's army and forced several reinforcements from Cao Cao's main camp to maintain the western battle. Liu Bei, who was at the time a guest in Yuan Shao's army, also suggested to induce uprising in the back of Cao Cao's lands as there were many connections to the Yuan family and their subordinates. The tactic was successful at first, but quickly countered by Man Chong's diplomatic skill. Man Chong had been placed as an official there for this specific reason, as Cao Cao had foreseen the situation prior to the battle.
Finally, with the help of a defector from Yuan Shao's army, Xu You, who informed Cao Cao of the location of Yuan Shao's army supply, Cao Cao broke the standstill and sent a special task force to burn all the supplies of Yuan Shao's army and won a decisive and seemingly impossible victory. Yuan Shao fell ill and died shortly after returning from the defeat, leaving his legacy to two of his sons – the eldest son, Yuan Tan and the youngest son, Yuan Shang. As he had designated the youngest son, Yuan Shang, as his successor, rather than the eldest as tradition dictated, the two brothers consistently feuded against each other, as they fought Cao Cao. Because of their internal divisions, Cao Cao was easily able to defeat them by using their differences to his advantage. Henceforth Cao Cao assumed effective rule over all of northern China. He sent armies further out and extended his control past the Great Wall into northern Korea, and southward to the Han River.
However, Cao Cao's attempt to extend his domination south of the Yangtze River was unsuccessful. He received an initial great success when Liu Biao, ruler of Jing Zhou, died, and his successor, Liu Zong surrendered to Cao Cao without resistance. Delighted by this turn-out (Cao Cao, a devoted follower of Sun Tzu's Art of War, also considered "defeating your enemy without battle" to be the highest form of achievement of war) he pressed on and hoped the same would happen despite the objections by his military advisors. His forces were then defeated by the first coalition of his archrivals Liu Bei and Sun Quan (who later founded the kingdoms of Shu and Wu respectively) at the Red Cliffs in 208.
