1、题目：题目应简洁、明确、有概括性，字数不宜超过20个字（不同院校可能要求不同）。本专科毕业论文一般无需单独的题目页，硕博士毕业论文一般需要单独的题目页，展示院校、指导教师、答辩时间等信息。英文部分一般需要使用Times NewRoman字体。
2、版权声明：一般而言，硕士与博士研究生毕业论文内均需在正文前附版权声明，独立成页。个别本科毕业论文也有此项。
3、摘要：要有高度的概括力，语言精练、明确，中文摘要约100—200字（不同院校可能要求不同）。
4、关键词：从论文标题或正文中挑选3～5个（不同院校可能要求不同）最能表达主要内容的词作为关键词。关键词之间需要用分号或逗号分开。
5、目录：写出目录，标明页码。正文各一级二级标题（根据实际情况，也可以标注更低级标题）、参考文献、附录、致谢等。
6、正文：专科毕业论文正文字数一般应在3000字以上，本科文学学士毕业论文通常要求8000字以上，硕士论文可能要求在3万字以上（不同院校可能要求不同）。
毕业论文正文：包括前言、本论、结论三个部分。
前言（引言）是论文的开头部分，主要说明论文写作的目的、现实意义、对所研究问题的认识，并提出论文的中心论点等。前言要写得简明扼要，篇幅不要太长。
本论是毕业论文的主体，包括研究内容与方法、实验材料、实验结果与分析（讨论）等。在本部分要运用各方面的研究方法和实验结果，分析问题，论证观点，尽量反映出自己的科研能力和学术水平。
结论是毕业论文的收尾部分，是围绕本论所作的结束语。其基本的要点就是总结全文，加深题意。
7、致谢：简述自己通过做毕业论文的体会，并应对指导教师和协助完成论文的有关人员表示谢意。
8、参考文献：在毕业论文末尾要列出在论文中参考过的所有专著、论文及其他资料，所列参考文献可以按文中参考或引证的先后顺序排列，也可以按照音序排列（正文中则采用相应的哈佛式参考文献标注而不出现序号）。
9、注释：在论文写作过程中，有些问题需要在正文之外加以阐述和说明。
10、附录：对于一些不宜放在正文中，但有参考价值的内容，可编入附录中。有时也常将个人简介附于文后。
专业导论写法：
1、谈一谈对专业方向的认识，例如发展史。
2、从自身角度去分析，理解所学专业的价值和意义。
3、结合专业术语串联整篇文章。
4、谈谈四年的计划。
英语专业本科毕业论文模板
姓 名： 吕 仁 爱
系 别： 外语学院
专 业： 英 语
学 号： 00000000
指导教师： 赵 草 稿
20xx年5月
Thesis Writing Standard for English Major Undergraduates:With a Thesis Pattern
by
Lü Ren’ai
Shangqiu Normal University
May 20xx
摘 要
{摘要是论文的浓缩，应包括结论等内容，是完整的短文，具有独立性，可以单独使用。即使不看论文全文的内容，看摘要仍然可以理解论文的主要内容。切忌把导论(introduction)的内容作为摘要内容。在下段键入中文摘要内容，并用论文的关键词替换“关键词”后的词(删除多余的词)。如果需要输入顿号(、)、间隔号(·)、书名号(《》)、破折号(——)等标点符号，不会键入请从这里复制。中文摘要要求在200～300字。}
关键词：词1;词2;词3;词4;词5
Abstract
{英文摘要及关键词内容与中文内容完全一致。注意看懂附录部分标点符号部分的内容，不要用不规范的形式输入标点符号，更不要输入错误符号。在下段键入英文摘要内容并用论文的关键词替换“Key words”后的词(删除多余的词)。}
Key words: word 1; word 2; word 3; word 4; word 5
Contents
摘 要 I
Abstract II
Contents III
1 简介 1
2 电子版与纸质版 1
3 模板的使用 1
3.1 键入文本 2
3.2 应用格式 2
4 论文结构与写作要求 2
4.1 封面与题目 3
4.1.1 封面 3
4.1.2 题目 3
4.2 从摘要到目录 3
4.3 正文 3
4.3.1 总体要求 3
4.3.2 标题和层次 3
4.3.3 例句及其他列表项 4
4.3.4 脚注 4
4.3.5 引用标识与参考文献 4
4.3.6 附录(可选) 6
4.3.7 页眉 6
5 其他要求及注意事项 6
References 7
附录 标点符号的计算机输入 7
简介
{本科毕业论文是本科生毕业前的最后一个重要学习环节，是学习深化的重要过程。它既是学生学习、研究与实践成果的全面总结，又是对学生素质与能力的一次全面检验，也是申请学士学位的依据。论文写作是在前人研究的基础上提出自己的观点，严禁抄袭、剽窃。外语学院参照商丘师范学院本科毕业论文撰写规范，结合英语专业的实际情况，特制定本撰写规范兼论文模板，作为英语专业毕业论文写作的标准。本规范未尽事宜，在导师指导下自行处理。务必在仔细、完整地阅读本规范之后再开始写作论文。
考虑到软件可能存在问题，本规范的DOC版在显示时可能走样，附件1是本规范的PDF版本，其样式是标准样式。}
电子版与纸质版
{论文须提交初稿、二稿及终稿的电子版和纸质版。用Microsoft Word软件打开本规范的DOC版，以新文件名另存到自己存放毕业论文资料的文件夹，要求文件格式为DOC格式(Microsoft Word 1997~2003/XP版本的默认保存格式);2007及以后的版本的默认保存格式是DOCX，建议尽量使用较老版本的Microsoft Word，若使用新版，请确保保存格式为DOC。另存后，直接按照本规范的要求操作直到初稿完成;每一稿都先作另存的操作再开始修改。注意在整个论文写作期间都做好U盘与网络双备份工作。
纸质文件采用A4复印纸单面打印，左侧装订。提交的纸质论文必须与提交的电子版内容完全一样。如果在写论文时安装、使用了非系统自带字体(如国际音标字体)，请随电子版提交该字体文件。}
模板的使用
{本规范的DOC格式电子文件是毕业论文的写作模板，提供论文写作所需样式，便于写作和修改，并对格式进行统一要求。下面对模板的使用作一简要说明。}
键入文本
{用花括号扩起来的内容是模板说明性内容，在初稿写作完毕后删除。把插字符打到正文任何一个段落(包括标题)末尾，按回车，即可键入论文内容。请仔细阅读附录，以便正确输入标点符号。}
应用格式
{本模板规定的格式有：[ 注意例子中的换行符(向下的直箭头)。想使编号段落的上下两行左对齐，需要换行而不分段，单击“插入”“分隔符”，选“换行符”，然后单击“确定”。]
a. 1标题1：用于一级标题;b. 1.1标题2：用于二级标题：c. 1.1.1标题3：用于三级标题：d. 正文不缩：用于一般正文段落;e. 正文左缩：用于独立成段的引文;f. 正文编号：用于按规定必须编号的段落;g. (1) 编号：用于按规定必须编号的段落;h. 参考文献：用于参考文献条目。
其中除了 (1f) 和 (1g) 要求必须用格式刷复制、粘贴格式(详见第4.3.3部分的说明)，其他格式都必须从格式窗格中选。默认格式是“正文不缩”(本段使用的就是这种格式)。根据不同部分内容要求的要求按照下述方法应用格式，不能擅自更改或更换(可根据实际情况作字体倾斜等操作)：把插字符打到某段，单击菜单栏里的“格式”，选“样式和格式”，在右边出现的格式窗格中单击所需格式即可。出现在格式窗格中但 (1) 中没列的格式不能随便应用。}
论文结构与写作要求
{论文必须包括外封面(中文封面)、内封面(英文封面)、中文摘要(附中文关键词)、英文摘要(附英文关键词)、目录、正文、参考文献。在参考文献之后可有附录。}
封面与题目
封面
{封面包括两个：外封面(中文封面)和内封面(英文封面)，封面样式严格依照模版。}
题目
{用论文题目替换模板题目，不能改变格式。论文题目应该简短、明确、有概括性。中文字数不超过25个字，外文题目不超过15个实词，题目末不使用标点符号，中外文题名应一致。标题中尽量不用英文缩写词，必须采用时，应使用本行业通用缩写词。中英文标题均占一至两行。中文标题如有副标题，主副标题各占一行，副标题前加中文破折号;英文副标题不单独成行，与主标题之间用冒号(后加空格)隔开。英文题目用标题式大小写格式，由于标题式大小写没有统一的标准，本规范要求除了不位于主、副标题开头和结尾的冠词、介词(不论长短)、并列连词、动词不定式标志to等词，所有的词(包括复合词的连字符后的部分，但不包括像twenty-one这样的复合数词的连字符后面的部分)都大写。}
从摘要到目录
{具体要求见第I至III页。不要改动用罗马数字编号的页码部分的标题。}
正文
总体要求
{论文正文应包括引论、主体(主体至少分两大部分)及结论等部分，一共最少四部分，最多六部分。正文用英文写，拼写形式全文统一为英式或美式(直接引用时例外)，不能英美式混杂。用阿拉伯数字编写页码的部分字数不少于3000字(英文单词)。}
标题和层次
{标题要求除了有编号、字号不同和不能有副标题这几点外，其他要求同论文英文题目。层次根据实际需要用两层或三层(即标题最多有两到三级)，主体部分至少有一部分包含两层。可以直接替换本规范的标题(选定后不删除而直接键入)，根据需要添加、删除标题。三层标题的格式分别采用“1标题1”、“1.1标题2”和“1.1.1标题3”。编号用的是Word的多级编号，在增删标题时编号会自动调整，无需手工调整。}
例句及其他列表项
{根据需要，例句、规则等尽量单独成段，统一编号，编号用 (1)，(2)，(3) ……的形式(顶格)，全文从 (1) 开始统一连续编号(自动编号，增删编号段落后编号会自动调整)，样式参照本规范的编号段落。该类段落的规定格式是“正文编号”;要求用格式刷从本规范的任何一个这类编号段落复制、粘贴格式，不要从格式窗格中选这类段落的样式。复制格式的方法是：把插字符打到任何一个此类已编号的段落中，单击“格式刷”按钮，然后再单击需要编号的段落。脚注中的例句编号用小写罗马数字i、ii、iii的形式，段落和文字格式不作特别要求。现再举例如下 (由于连续编号，故号码继续前面的 (1)，是 (2) 和 (3))，作为翻译和对话类例句的参照格式：
John likes Mary.约翰喜欢玛丽。
A: Do you like apples?B: Yes.}
脚注
{对文中内容的注释采用脚注形式[ 注释分脚注和尾注两种主要形式，前者的内容位于每页下面，后者的内容位于文章末尾。本规范规定论文写作使用脚注，不使用尾注。把插字符打到正文中需要注释的地方，单击“插入”“引用”，在展开的子菜单中单击“脚注和尾注”，再单击“确定”，键入注释内容。本注释就是脚注的形式。]，全文连续编号(自动调整编号)。}
引用标识与参考文献
{引文是论证的辅助手段，应忠于原意，准确切题。除非特别必要，不要引用非学术文献，如通俗读物等，尤其不要引用非专业人士(如名人或领袖)的话或观点作为自己观点的支撑(尽量避免诸如“Einstein says”、“Confucius claims”这样的话，如果确实有必要引用一定要详细注明出处)。根据情况用直接引语或间接引语的语法形式;直接引用文字超过四至六行字时，或诗歌超过两行时，应独立成段，应用“正文左缩”格式，下面是该格式的样式：
text texttext text text. (Zhang 2005, 88)
在论文中引用文献时，应加以标识，详细说明见附件2。引用的文献如果是用中文书写的，不能直接引用中文文本，必须将其意思用英文表达，一般用间接引语的.形式安排，在必要时可用直接引语的形式，在后面以加方括号，方括号内注明translation mine)。
参考文献直接反映论文的质量。要求在论文正文后的References下面列出在论文中引用或参考过的论文、专著及其他资料(采用“参考文献”格式)，所有条目按照作者姓氏的字母顺序排列，不要编号。不能罗列文中没有引用的文献。文献条目应以与论文工作直接相关的近年的学术文献为主，包括期刊论文、博士学位论文、论文集里的文章、专著等;至少十条，且以期刊论文为主，近五年的文献占五条以上，发表在《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录的期刊上的论文占三条以上。
毕业论文的引用及参考文献体例以Chicago体例(Chicago Style)的作者—年代制(author-year system)为标准。附件2包含了该标准的主要内容，请尽量按该标准写作。请注意大小写、正斜体、空格、姓与名的相对顺序、缩写形式、标点符号等。特别注意连数符不是连字符(-)，而是en dash(–)，可从这里复制。下面把该标准的大小写和正斜体原则略述如下：
大小写：仅同名连续出版物(如期刊journal)的名称用标题式大写，其他的主副标题名称(包括书名)用句子式大写;
正斜体：广义的书名(包括期刊名等)用斜体，文章名(包括书的章节标题、学位论文标题)用正体。
中文文献，按照附件2第9、12页的红字的范例的样式，把汉字形式的文字转写成拉丁字母形式(注意ü不能用v代替)，并把标题翻译成英文(置于方括号内)。其姓名与普通英文姓名一样处理，第一作者姓前名后，姓、名之间用逗号 + 空格隔开，非第一作者用名前姓后(不加逗号)的形式。}
附录(可选)
{不宜放在正文中但有重要参考价值的内容(如问卷、测试题等)可编入论文的附录中，位于参考文献之后。附录采用Appendix(只有一个)或Appendix A、Appendix B(两个以上)的形式，后面加两个空格再键入附录的标题，使用格式“1标题1”，删除标题前面的自动编号。}
页眉
{见第I页右上角的说明。}
其他要求及注意事项
{在写作时请注意以下几点：
除在直接引语中，尽量避免用缩略词(如isn’t, don’t, etc.等)，尽量使用is not, do not, and others等形式。
罗马数字用西文字符，如i和ii，II和IV等(在英文输入状态下分别键入i、v、I、V等字母来组合)，不要用中文字符ⅰ、ⅱ、ⅳ、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ等。
区别元语言与对象语言。用英文写作，元语言是英文，对象语言是谈到的语言成份，可能是英文，也可能是其他语言，如英文字母、语素、词、短语、句子等。如果对象语言的文字是拉丁字母形式(如英文、法文、德文等)，一律用不加引号的斜体字(编号例句除外)，保留字母上面的两点等附加符号。在写非翻译研究类论文时，非拉丁字母文字(如日文、中文)一般应转写成拉丁字母形式，用不加引号的斜体字;在非用汉字不可的情况下(区别歧义、说明字型等)在拉丁字母形式的字词(斜体)后跟相应汉字(楷书、正体)或日文假名等字符;汉语无特殊情况其拉丁化标准一律采用汉语拼音(本规范要求词内无空格，词间有空格，略去调号)，注意ü不能用v代替。翻译研究类文章可不转写成拉丁字母形式而直接使用汉字例句(用不加引号的正体字)。用单引号而不是双引号表各种意思，尤其是词(句)的语义解释(双引号作一般引用或强调时使用，双引号内再用引号时用单引号)。下面几个例子可以说明对象语言的处理方式和单引号的用法：the Chinese word heiban ‘blackboard’ is a compound; similarly, the English word blackboard is also a compound;hongcha means ‘black tea’;the letter a;the suffix -ful;the sentence John hates Mary;the articles the, a, an。注意在最后一个例子中，第一个定冠词属于元语言，不用斜体，第二个定冠词和两个不定冠词是对象语言，用斜体，属于对象语言的三个词之间的逗号属于元语言，用正体。}
References
{此标题不要改动。条目格式见第4.3.5部分的要求，下面提供参考文献条目的样式：
附录 标点符号的计算机输入
{在Word中，中文标点符号在设计时留好了空位，在打字时不要人工键入空格，但英文标点符号往往需要人工键入空格。英文词右标点符号(逗号、句号、冒号、分号、问号、惊叹号、右括号、右引号等)左不空格，右边与相邻的单词间空一格;词左标点符号(左括号、左引号等)左边与相邻的单词间空一格，右边不加空格;相邻的同侧标点符号之间不加空格，相邻的异侧标点符号之间都加空格。在一个词内部的所有标点符号(包括连字符、撇号等)，都不与空格连用(空格是用来把词与词分开的)。注意英文没有顿号和书名号，用逗号体现中文顿号的功能，用斜体体现书名号的功能。
由于某些英文标点符号的使用存在不同标准，本规范作如下要求。破折号用Times New Roman的em dash(—)，左右都不加空格，数字间的连数符用Times New Roman的en dash(–)，左右都不加空格。如果不会键入可从此处复制。省略号用三个句点，相邻两点间加一个空格(. . .)，省略号左右与相邻的单词或标点间都加一个空格)。撇号用弯撇号(’)，其形状与右引号相同;不能用直的(')，引号用弯引号(‘ ’、“ ”)，注意不要弯错方向;不能用直的(' '、" ")。Word的默认设置是在键入时自动用弯的替换直的。本规范要求单、双引号分别表不同的意思，其使用规定和例子见 (8)。
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Published in 1847, WUTHERING HEIGHTS was not well received by the reading public, many of whom condemned it as sordid, vulgar, and unnatural--and author Emily Bronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure. It was not until 1850, when WUTHERING HEIGHTS received a second printing with an introduction by Emily's sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. And from that point the reputation of the book has never looked back. Today it is widely recognized as one of the great novels of English literature.
Even so, WUTHERING HEIGHTS continues to divide readers. It is not a pretty love story; rather, it is swirling tale of largely unlikeable people caught up in obsessive love that turns to dark madness. It is cruel, violent, dark and brooding, and many people find it extremely unpleasant. And yet--it possesses a grandeur of language and design, a sense of tremendous pity and great loss that sets it apart from virtually every other novel written.
The novel is told in the form of an extended flashback. After a visit to his strange landlord, a newcomer to the area desires to know the history of the family--which he receives from Nelly Deans, a servant who introduces us to the Earnshaw family who once resided in the house known as Wuthering Heights. It was once a cheerful place, but Old Earnshaw adopted a "Gipsy" child who he named Heathcliff. And Catherine, daughter of the house, found in him the perfect companion: wild, rude, and as proud and cruel as she. But although Catherine loves him, even recognizes him as her soulmate, she cannot lower herself to marry so far below her social station. She instead marries another, and in so doing sets in motion an obsession that will destroy them all.
WUTHERING HEIGHTS is a bit difficult to "get into;" the opening chapters are so dark in their portrait of the end result of this obsessive love that they are somewhat off-putting. But they feed into the flow of the work in a remarkable way, setting the stage for one of the most remarkable structures in all of literature, a story that circles upon itself in a series of repetitions as it plays out across two generations. Catherine and Heathcliff are equally remarkable, both vicious and cruel, and yet never able to shed their impossible love no matter how brutally one may wound the other.
As the novel coils further into alcoholism, seduction, and one of the most elaborately imagined plans of revenge it gathers into a ghostly tone: Heathcliff, driven to madness by a woman who is not there but who seems reflected in every part of his world--dragging her corpse from the grave, hearing her calling to him from the moors, escalating his brutality not for the sake of brutality but so that her memory will never fade, so that she may never leave his mind until death itself. Yes, this is madness, insanity, and there is no peace this side of the grave or even beyond.
Many people in the world are trying to find a perfect companion.Some of these may marry and not know what their new husband or wife is like.This kind of situation often leads to separation or hostility. Other situations may develop between two friends that stem from jealousy, desire for revenge, uncaring parents, etc. Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights displays several characteristics of destructive relationships. Three of these are uncaring parents, marriage without knowing the person, and jealousy.
Uncaring or unsympathizing parents are shown throughout this story to be an element of destructive relationships. Because Heathcliff gained all the attention from Mr. Earnshaw, Hindley became disassociated from his father. This separation continued until after Mr. Earnshaw had died.Another example is between Hindley and Hareton. Hindley became such a drunk and a gambler that he could not properly care for young Hareton. This led to a separation between Hareton and his father as well. One primary example of an uncaring parent is shown between Heathcliff and his son Linton.Heathcliff did not even want his son for anything except enacting a part of his revenge. This is shown by Linton's fear of Heathcliff and Heathcliff's enmity toward his son. Linton even says "... my father threatened me, and I dread him - I dread him!"(244) to express his feeling about Heathcliff.The hostility and separation between father and son in this book shows that uncaring parents can cause serious damage in relationships with their children.
This element of destructive behavior may stem from an unhappy marriage in which the husbands or wives don't know each other. This had happened between Isabella and Heathcliff. Isabella did not really know Heathcliff when she married him, but after she had married him she saw that Heathcliff was not a gentleman at all. To declare her feelings she wrote "Is Heathcliff a man? If so, is he mad? And if not, is he a devil? I shan't tell my reasons for making this inquiry; but I beseech you to explain, if you can, what I have married ..."(125). Another example of this is when Catherine married Edgar Linton. Although she had been happy at the beginning of the marriage, she thought having parties all the time was going to be fun. Yet, after a while, she became bored. She also realized that she loved Heathcliff more than Edgar and would always love Heathcliff.This enlightenment created separation between Edgar and Catherine during the final hours of Cathy's life. An additional marriage which was made that was doomed was the one between Catherine and Linton. Because this was a forced marriage, Cathy had not yet learned all she could about Linton.Because she did not know until after the marriage that Linton was selfish and inconsiderate, she became distressed and grew isolated in the house.These three failed marriages described in this novel show that knowing the person you will marry is very important.While these marriages took place, jealousy also took a hold in some relationships. One example of this is when Mr. Earnshaw starts to favor Heathcliff over his own son, Hindley. Because of this, Hindley becomes jealous of young Heathcliff and sets out to make Heathcliff's life a nightmare. Hindley's jealousy becomes evident when he says ,"... be damned you beggarly interloper! and wheedle my father out of all he has; only afterwards show him what you are, imp of Satan."(35). Jealousy was also found very notably in the relationship between Heathcliff and Edgar Linton.
The jealousy between them is expressed when Heathcliff and Edgar start a hostile conversation after Cathy's homecoming at Christmas near the beginning of the book. As the story progresses these two become bitter enemies who will not speak to one another. Another relationship which jealousy ruined is the one between Hareton and Linton. These two become jealous of each other over Cathy's affections. This relationship ends as Hareton and Linton hating each other. These relationships show that jealousy can ruin a relationship very quickly.
The housekeeper Ellen Dean, or we can call her Nelly, tells most of the story. She witnesses the life of the three-generations in the two families. She is a good storyteller but we mustn’t believe all of what she said. She always thinks and considers things in a simple way. She couldn’t understand the deep love between Catherine and Heathcliff. She thinks it is a kind of madness. She is a limited narrator. In a certain way, this helps readers to understand Heathcliff better because he has no chance to defend himself. An outsider will see the whole thing more clearly. However, we should pay more attention not to be affect by her opinions and try to find the truth between the lines.
As a main character Catherine is a paradox. She is attracted by Linton but doesn’t love him. She knows that clearly but she marries Linton without listening to the call of her heart. Many critics believe that what makes her marry Linton is only his high social status and wealth. I think this comment is unfair. In fact, she folly thinks to marry Linton will help Heathcliff “to rise and place him out of my brother’s power.” Her decision ruins herself, Heathcliff and the two families. She has to endure serious suffering because she knows clearly she love Heathcliff whole-heartedly but can’t become his wife. She confesses to Nelly her own thoughts: “…I am Heathcliff—he’s always, always in my mind—not as a pleasure, any more than I am always a pleasure to myself—but as my own being…” She loves Heathcliff because he is more like her than herself. His existence is natural to her for they are the same in nature. They could understand each other without obstacles.
Talking about Heathcliff, he is an evil person but I admire him because his love and hate is straight. Everyone has a devil in his heart. The one in Heathcliff’s heart is especially strong. In spite of this, I believe and can read between the lines that Amily Bronte also has her favor to Heathcliff. She wants to tell us evil and love are deeply planted in everyone’s heart and it is human nature.
