钻石可能成为理想的半导体
Along with being a "girl's best friend," diamonds also have remarkable1properties that could make them ideal semiconductors3. This is welcome news for electronics; semiconductors are needed to meet the rising demand for more efficient electronics that deliver and convert power. The thirst for electronics is unlikely to cease and almost every appliance or device requires a suite4of electronics that transfer, convert and control power. Now, researchers have taken an important step toward that technology with a new way to dope single crystals of diamonds, a crucial process for building electronic devices.
"We need the devices to manipulate the power in the way that we want," said Zhengqiang (Jack) Ma, an electrical and computer engineering professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He and his colleagues describe their new method in the Journal of Applied5 Physics, from AIP Publishing.
标题翻译如下
CCD image sensor and their application study。
内容翻译如下
Promptness accompanying semiconductor and the photoelectricity technology develops , the solid state image sensor also arises at the historic moment , the productive technology technology can't develop swift and violent. The solid state image sensor is compared with average image sensor , have volume lacking fidelity for a short time, for a short time, sensitiveness is high , resist to vibrate , is able to bear moistness , a lot of merit of cost low grade, therefore can broad apply to industry measurement, is that meticulous of our country processes , development of robot technology and industrial automation field gets the significant effect under the control of, especially waiting for a field in pattern recognition, and with the branch who seeps through each that the industry and agriculture in our country produces broadly. At the same time, computer soft hardware technology never-ending changes and improvements, application that can give a solid state image a sensor also brings about vast vistas. The principle the main body of a book is complied with analysing the solid state image sensor starts off , emphasizes analysis and investigation and discussion being in progress to it in test control and the pattern recognition field.
文章有些长、、望认真看完、、标准人工翻译、、希望可以帮助你、、
这个一两句话说不清的我替别人做这类的数据分析蛮多的
半导体物理学的迅速发展及随之而来的晶体管的发明，使科学家们早在50年代就设想发明半导体激光器，60年代早期，很多小组竞相进行这方面的研究。在理论分析方面，以莫斯科列别捷夫物理研究所的尼古拉·巴索夫的工作最为杰出。在1962年7月召开的固体器件研究国际会议上，美国麻省理工学院林肯实验室的两名学者克耶斯（Keyes）和奎斯特（Quist）报告了砷化镓材料的光发射现象，这引起通用电气研究实验室工程师哈尔（Hall）的极大兴趣，在会后回家的火车上他写下了有关数据。回到家后，哈尔立即制定了研制半导体激光器的计划，并与其他研究人员一道，经数周奋斗，他们的计划获得成功。像晶体二极管一样，半导体激光器也以材料的p-n结特性为敞弗搬煌植号邦铜鲍扩基础，且外观亦与前者类似，因此，半导体激光器常被称为二极管激光器或激光二极管。早期的激光二极管有很多实际限制，例如，只能在77K低温下以微秒脉冲工作，过了8年多时间，才由贝尔实验室和列宁格勒（现在的圣彼得堡）约飞（Ioffe）物理研究所制造出能在室温下工作的连续器件。而足够可靠的半导体激光器则直到70年代中期才出现。半导体激光器体积非常小，最小的只有米粒那样大。工作波长依赖于激光材料，一般为0.6～1.55微米，由于多种应用的需要，更短波长的器件在发展中。据报导，以Ⅱ～Ⅳ价元素的化合物，如ZnSe为工作物质的激光器，低温下已得到0.46微米的输出，而波长0.50～0.51微米的室温连续器件输出功率已达10毫瓦以上。但迄今尚未实现商品化。光纤通信是半导体激光可预见的最重要的应用领域，一方面是世界范围的远距离海底光纤通信，另一方面则是各种地区网。后者包括高速计算机网、航空电子系统、卫生通讯网、高清晰度闭路电视网等。但就目前而言，激光唱机是这类器件的最大市场。其他应用包括高速打印、自由空间光通信、固体激光泵浦源、激光指示，及各种医疗应用等。晶体管利用一种称为半导体的材料的特殊性能。电流由运动的电子承载。普通的金属，如铜是电的好导体，因为它们的电子没有紧密的和原子核相连，很容易被一个正电荷吸引。其它的物体，例如橡胶，是绝缘体 --电的不良导体--因为它们的电子不能自由运动。半导体，正如它们的名字暗示的那样，处于两者之间，它们通常情况下象绝缘体，但是在某种条件下会导电。
