《经济学人》（英文名：The Economist，中文名又叫：经济学家）于1843年在英国伦敦建刊，以独立和全球化的视角著称。《经济学人》每周四晚上在世界六个地方同步印刷，每周六全球同步出版，同时于当天晚些时候在网上更新最新一期的内容，4-5期/月。《经济学人》是一本完全国际化期刊，其中80%的发行量来自英国之外。
自建刊以来，《经济学人》一直秉承其创建者James Wilson的办刊原则。在创刊计划书中James Wilson写到：“我们真诚的相信，自由贸易和自由交往在全世界传播文明和道德的作用是其他任何现有的媒介无法比拟的” 。但杂志的第三任主编Walter Bagehot才是使《经济学人》杂志发扬光大的人。他使杂志的触角向政治问题延伸。现在，《经济学人》的文章不仅涉及时势、商业、金融和经济，还涉及到科学、技术和艺术。无论主题是什么，《经济学人》的独立、坦率、简练和尊重事实的品质使其与众不同。
《The Economist》字体底色鲜红，客观公正是《经济学家》杂志的的生命所在。公司的构成禁止任何组织或个人获得杂志半数以上的持股权。该杂志所有的文章都不署名，皆由集体创作，就象它的主编们认为的那样：写出什么样的东西，比出自谁的手笔更重要。
《经济学人》文章除了一些我们不熟悉的题材外，其中的大多数文章写得机智、幽默、有力度。这些优点是任何一家英文主流报刊所不能比拟的。只要你有4000左右的词汇量，读起来都不会有太多的不适应感。官方网址为：。另外，最重要的是历年考研英语阅读真题很多文章来自《经济学人》杂志，这点对要参加考研词友而言太关键了。
点击下载：2007年07月21日《经济学人》The Economist原版英文杂志下载
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1、经济学人 官方APP
可以在App Store搜索 “The Economist” 或者 “经济学人商论”，都是可以下载到的。说一下区别哈，商论是从《经济学人》周刊的商业、金融和科技版精心挑选的内容，也就是精选过题材的内容。
2、微信APP—公众号
现在很多人都喜欢每天刷一刷微信公众号里的文章，所以用微信APP看经济学人也是非常不错的选择。这里也推荐三个平台：经济学人集团，经济学人商论，经济学人考研英语；
经济学人集团也就是 官方的公众号，经济学人商论是商业题材为主的内容。经济学人考研英语是考研题材相关的内容。大家可以各取所需。
有一本杂志，一直是高阶英语学习者所追求的“圣经”式读物 —— 《经济学人》！
并且在江湖上流传着一句话：能读得懂《经济学人》就证明你的英语能力很高。
既然大家都知道《经济学人》（The Economist）杂志是很好的英语学习材料， 那它 到底好在哪儿呢？
01
读经济学人有什么好处？
?首先，如果你是 雅思、托福 或者 GRE 选手，经济学人就是你的 写作和词汇的素材库。
《经济学人》会对时下最IN话题进行解读，词汇新颖、表达丰富，可以积累到很多 写作素材。
图/雅思高频主题和TE相关模块
特别是对于雅思写作，Task 2最常出现的十个话题，在经济学人中都可以找到 相关话题！
?其次，如果你是 申研选手， 经济学人同样适用！
据调查，托福、雅思、考研英语、GRE、GMAT都曾出现过经济学人的文章，其中 科技板块 也是 考研文章 的重点题源。
能在紧张的考试中找回一点熟悉的感觉，对于调整心态有很大的作用，说不定就超常发挥了！
? 最后，如果你想要了解世界局势，学习如何阐述事件并分析，馒头推荐一定要读 Leaders。
Leaders 是《经济学人》社论，也是它的 镇刊之宝。
虽然都知道阅读《经济学人》的好处， 可如果直接让馒头拿着一本杂志就开始读， 那种感觉一定像是在看天书！不出三秒一定会睡着！
02
经济学人应该怎么读？
工欲善其事必先利其器，阅读《经济学人》也是需要 正确 方法 的！
第一，找到自己感兴趣的板块
打开任意一本经济学人的杂志，都能看到以下 11个板块 ：
The world this week
主要是对过去一周发生的时事进行梳理，有点 类似BBC和CNN的新闻报道， 包含时事新闻和财经类新闻。
对应音频朗读的语速较快，适合作为 听力训练材料。
Leaders
即社论，对 本周热点事件进行报道和解读 ，文章长度中等，每篇的单词量在 500到1200 之间。
社论文章往往写得短小精悍，信息量大，个人认为是 TE中最有阅读价值的板块之一。
Letters
杂志的定位为面向 全球高端人群 ，给经济学人写信的读者包括 大学教授，高层政府官员，国际组织负责人，甚至还有国家元首。
这些信件用词精确，论证严谨，非常具有 可读性 。
Briefing
该板块主要是对一个特定的 热点话题进行深度讨论 ，一般每期都会有一个话题。
比如之 俄罗斯入侵乌克兰事件 ，世界杯，谷歌，在线教育，大学改革等，推荐阅读。
其他板块
除此之外还有，Business—— 商业 板块 、Finance and economics—— 财经新闻 、Science and technology—— 科技板块 、Books and arts—— 文化及书籍板块 、Obituary—— 讣告 、Economic and financial indicators—— 商业及财经指数 。
第二，解决遇到的生词
确定好喜欢的主题后，就要细读文章。
将喜欢的文章标记好 生词， 读完以后再一个个处理。
尝试自己用简短的几句英语概 括出主题和大概内容 ，然后再来处理文中的 生词 。
在词典中查询生词的英文解释，最好 再 模仿造个句 ，加深记忆，不要忘了还要随时复习哦！
第三，注重练习
想提高英语能力， 加大输入量，增加输出量 就是最好办法。
这意味着要多读文章，增加词汇和句式的几类，然后在自己写文章的时候 加以模仿和运用。
这其中最短的路径就是 背诵。
背诵含有最高频、最实用的句型，或是充分展开了某个观点、连贯性强的段落。
比如知乎上，有博主指出以下选自《经济学人》的这两个句子就值得背：
1.China has long seen education as a passport to success, which helps explain why the middle class is now focusing on foreign schools and universities.
2. The hunger for degrees is understandable: these days they are a requirement for a decent job and an entry ticket to the middle class.
一旦背下，在写 教育类、社会类、文化类 作文时就能直接用这两个句子了。
馒头要提醒一下！即使掌握了正确的使用方法，也要养成长期阅读的习惯，这样你的英语能力才会有明显的提升。
1.如何订阅经济学人文章？
可以订阅经济学人商论APP，付费之后可以学习里面的双语文章，一年500元。
也可以看一些平台的学习笔记更新，比如高斋外刊双语精读，定期也可以经济学人原文和笔记。比如这种：
经济学人18年2月期
No ordinary Zhou
非凡人物周小川
China’s formative central banker is about to retire, but his influence will live on.
为中国央行奠基立业的行长即将退休，但他的影响将一直持续
原文：WHEN Zhou Xiaochuan took the helm of China’s central bank 15 years ago, the world was very different. China had just joined the World Trade Organisation and its economy was still smaller than Britain’s. Foreign investors paid little heed to the new governor of the People’s Bank of China. He seemed safe to ignore: another black-haired, bespectacled official whose talk was littered with socialist bromides.
官方译文：周小川15年前执掌中国央行时，世界与现今迥然不同。当时中国刚刚加入世贸组织，经济总量仍低于英国。外国投资者没把中国人民银行的这位新行长当回事。看起来，忽视他也没什么风险：这不过是又一位黑头发、戴眼镜的官员，一张嘴便是社会主义惯用的陈词滥调。
第一句：WHEN Zhou Xiaochuan took the helm of China’s central bank 15 years ago, the world was very different.
周小川15年前执掌中国央行时，世界与现今迥然不同。
一、《经济学人》中是如何介绍人物的？
the world was very different：
《经济学人》在介绍人物时，前半句一般是“介绍人物+所做重要事件+时间”，后半句用“the world was very different”、“the world was a different place”等类似表达。在平常的英语写作中，可以借鉴类似表达，提升语言张力。比如在介绍马斯克的时候这样说：
WHEN Elon Musk started Tesla in 2003 the world was a different place.
伊隆马斯克2003年创办特斯拉时，世界与现在大不同。
二、“执掌...”英语怎么说？
take the helm of：比如金融时报这样说：
Guo Shuqing, who took the helm of the CSRC in late October, said in a first public address this month that he wanted to clean up markets.
10月末开始执掌中国证监会的郭树清，本月在第一次公开讲话中表示，他要清理市场。
第二句：China had just joined the World Trade Organisation and its economy was still smaller than Britain’s.
当时中国刚刚加入世贸组织，经济总量仍低于英国。
一、“经济总量”怎么说？
在经济学人中，表达“经济总量时”，往往直接使用“economy”即可，而不使用“the amount of economy”、“economy aggregate”等。
二、过去完成时的结构以及用法
过去完成时表示过去某一时间之前完成的动作或发生的情况，句子谓语形式由had+动词的过去分词构成，通常表述为“过去的过去”。也可以跟有一定的时间状语，如by, before等介词或连词。
“had just joined”：文章中第一句第二句所表达的思想为“周小川15年前执掌中国央行时，当时中国刚刚加入世贸组织......”。第一句中所使用的时态为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。
从第二句“当时中国刚刚加入”这一动词我们可以判断出“加入世贸组织”是先于“周小川15年前执掌中国央行”的时间，因此本句中的时态应为“过去的过去”，因此采用了过去完成时这一语法结构。
三、“所有格所修饰的名词”在什么情况下可以省略？
its economy was still smaller than Britain’s（economy):
所有格修饰的名词有时可以省略，这主要见于以下情形:
(1) 、承前省略：即根据前文语境省略后文中所含的不言而喻的名词。
Lily’s book is more interesting than Lucy’s (book).
莉莉的书比露西的书更有趣。
(2) 、习惯性省略：当所有格所修饰的名词表示教堂、商店、诊所、某人家、某人办公室等时，所有格后的名词有时可以省略。如：
I've got an appointment at the dentist's（dental clinic）at 11:15.
我已预约11时15分到牙医诊所看病。
第三句：Foreign investors paid little heed to the new governor of the People’s Bank of China.
外国投资者没把中国人民银行的这位新行长当回事。
一、“没当回事”怎么说？
pay little heed to: 比如金融时报这样说：
For its first eight years in India, M& S, the mainstay of the British high street, paid little heed to this.
在印度的头8年，作为英国大众消费市场支柱的玛莎百货几乎没有留意这一点。
二、“行长”怎么说？
Mervyn King, governor of the Bank of England, recently called for a "public and informed debate" on the issue.
英国央行行长默文-金（MervynKing）近日呼吁就此问题展开“开诚布公的讨论”.
取自经济学人18.2.1的文章：
No ordinary Zhou非凡人物周小川
第四句：He seemed safe to ignore: another black-haired, bespectacled official whose talk was littered with socialist bromides.
看起来，忽视他也没什么风险：这不过是又一位黑头发、戴眼镜的官员，一张嘴便是社会主义惯用的陈词滥调。
一、“s+v+adj.+to do”结构中，如何用 “不定式的主动形式表示被动含义”？
seemed safe to ignore：忽视他也没什么风险
其中需要满足两种条件：（1）表语是性质形容词；（2）主语是to do 的逻辑宾语。
拓展：The book is interesting to read. 这本书读起来很有趣。
二、“：”的解释说明作用
在本句中，“：”前后是两个独立的句子，“：”前的句子表达了作者的情感态度，即周小川很容易受到忽略。而在“；”的后面进一步对于周小川的形象做出了描写，具体解释说明其容易受到忽视的理由。
三、“，”在并列句中表示强调
在英语句子中，通常用and连接两个并列成分，在此句中“black-haired”,和“bespectacled”之间用 “,”代替了“and”，起到了一种强调的作用。
四、“官员”怎么说？
"Our general objective is going to be what is good for the system, " the seniorofficial said. "We want the system to have enough capital. "
“我们的大目标将是什么对整个系统有利，”这位高层官员表示。“我们希望整个系统有充足的资本金。”
五、“充斥”、“比比皆是”怎么说”？
be littered with:比如金融时报这样说：
Furthermore, luxury remains an unpredictable industry at the best of times, littered with monster egos and family feuds.
此外，即使在形势最好的时候，奢侈品也是个难以预测的行业，充斥着极度膨胀的自我意识和家族纷争。
History is littered with conflicts that, in retrospect, look inexplicable but at the time seemed unavoidable.
各种看上去无法解释，但当时似乎不可避免的冲突，在历史上比比皆是。
六、“陈词滥调”怎么说？
比如金融时报这样说：
What replaces it, apart from feel-good bromides and political stitch-ups?
那么，在泡沫破裂后，除了聊以自慰的陈词滥调以及政治撮合，取而代之的是什么呢？
七、“whose”引导的定语从句
whose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词， 它是关系代词who的所有格，在从句中作定语，也就是说当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表达“……的”意思时，用关系代词whose 引导定语从句，它既可以指代人，也可以指代物，既可引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
比如金融时报这样说：
In the court next to me was a man whose business collapsed not long ago, after it had borrowed billions of pounds.
隔壁球场有一位男士在打球，前不久他的企业由于数十亿英镑的贷款刚刚倒闭。
It would only shift the surplus to the commodity exporters, whose propensity to consume out of additional export revenues may be very low.
这将只是把盈余转移给大宗商品出口国，而这些国家将额外出口收入用于消费的倾向可能非常低。
The Economist [05] | Lifelong learning 终身学习 Part 4
If new ways of learning are to help those who need them most, policymakers should be aiming for something far more radical. Because education is a public good whose benefits spill over to all of society, governments have a vital role to play—not just by spending more, but also by spending wisely.
Lifelong learning starts at school. As a rule, education should not be narrowly vocational. The curriculum needs to teach children how to study and think. A focus on “metacognition” will make them better at picking up skills later in life.
But the biggest change is to make adult learning routinely accessible to all. One way is for citizens to receive vouchers that they can use to pay for training. Singapore has such “individual learning accounts”; it has given money to everyone over 25 to spend on any of 500 approved courses. So far each citizen has only a few hundred dollars, but it is early days.
Courses paid for by taxpayers risk being wasteful. But industry can help by steering people towards the skills it wants and by working with MOOCs and colleges to design courses that are relevant. Companies can also encourage their staff to learn. AT&T, a telecoms firm which wants to equip its workforce with digital skills, spends $30m a year on reimbursing employees’ tuition costs. Trade unions can play a useful role as organisers of lifelong learning, particularly for those—workers in small firms or the self-employed—for whom company-provided training is unlikely. A union-run training programme in Britain has support from political parties on the right and left.
To make all this training worthwhile, governments need to slash the licensing requirements and other barriers that make it hard for newcomers to enter occupations. Rather than asking for 300 hours’ practice to qualify to wash hair, for instance, the state of Tennessee should let hairdressers decide for themselves who is the best person to hire.
Not everyone will successfully navigate the shifting jobs market. Those most at risk of technological disruption are men in blue-collar jobs, many of whom reject taking less “masculine” roles in fast-growing areas such as health care. But to keep the numbers of those left behind to a minimum, all adults must have access to flexible, affordable training. The 19th and 20th centuries saw stunning advances in education. That should be the scale of the ambition today.
If new ways of learning are to help those who need them most, policymakers should be aiming for something far more radical[根本性的]. 如果新的学习方式是要帮助那些最需要帮助的人，那么政策制定者应该寻求远为根本性的举措。
【radical】
relating to the most important parts of something or someone; complete or extreme根本的；彻底的，完全的
We need to make some radical changes to our operating procedures.我们需要对操作规程进行一些根本性的变革。
I'm just having my hair trimmed - nothing radical.我只是修剪了一下头发，没有什么大的改变。
Because education is a public good[公益事业] whose benefits spill over to[延及] all of society, governments have a vital role to play[发挥重要作用]—not just by spending more, but also by spending wisely[花得明智]. 因为教育是一种公益事业，其益处会延及整个社会，各国政府要发挥重要作用——不仅要增加投入，还得把钱花得明智。
【spill over】
If an activity or situation spills over, it begins to affect another situation or group of people, especially in an unpleasant or unwanted way. （尤指令人不快地）波及，扩散，影响
I try not to let my work spill over into my life outside the office.我努力不让我的工作影响到办公室之外的生活。
The conflict threatens to spill over into neighbouring regions.冲突可能会波及到邻近地区。
Lifelong learning starts at school. 终身学习始于学校。
As a rule, education should not be narrowly vocational[职业的]. 一般来说，教育不应该有狭隘的职业性。
The curriculum needs to teach children how to study and think. 学生需要从课程中学会如何学习和思考。
A focus on[注重] “metacognition” will make them better at picking up skills[学习技能] later in life. 注重“元认知”将帮助学生日后更好地学习技能。
But the biggest change is to make adult learning routinely[常态化地] accessible to all. 但最大的改变是让所有人都能常态化地进行成人学习。
One way is for citizens to receive vouchers[抵用券] that they can use to pay for training. 一个方法是向国民发放抵用券，可用于支付培训费用。
Singapore has such “individual learning accounts”; 新加坡就有这样的“个人学习账户”。
it has given money to everyone over 25 to spend on any of 500 approved courses. 该国向所有25岁以上的国民提供资金，可用来选择学习500种经认可的课程。
So far each citizen has only a few hundred dollars, but it is early days. 到目前为止，每个国民只领取了几百美元，但这才刚刚开始。
【it is early days】
said when you think it is too soon to make a judgment about the likely result of something because a lot might still happen or change 言之过早；为时尚早
Our progress has been fairly slow so far, but it's early days.到目前为止我们的进度很缓慢，但来日方长，现在还不能说以后会怎么样。
Courses paid for by taxpayers risk being wasteful. 由纳税人付费的课程有可能被浪费。
But industry can help by steering[引导] people towards the skills it wants and by working with MOOCs and colleges to design courses that are relevant. 但企业界可以提供帮助，引导人们学习业界所需的技能，并和MOOC及大学院校合作设计有用的课程。
【steer】
to take someone or something or make someone or something go in the direction in which you want him, her, or it引导，带领
She steered her guests into the dining room.她把客人们领到餐厅。
I'd like to steer our discussion back to our original topic.我想请大家重新回到我们原来讨论的话题。
The main task of the new government will be to steer the country towards democracy.新政府的主要任务是将国家引向民主。
Companies can also encourage their staff to learn. 企业还可以鼓励员工学习。
AT&T, a telecoms firm which wants to equip its workforce with digital skills, spends $30m a year on reimbursing employees’ tuition costs. 电信公司AT&T希望员工具备数字技能，它每年支出3000万美元报销员工的学费。
【reimburse】
to pay back money to someone who has spent it for you or lost it because of you偿还；付还；补偿
The airline reimbursed me for the amount they had overcharged me.航空公司多收了我钱，他们后来退还给我了。
She was reimbursed by the gas company for the damage to her house.煤气公司对她房屋遭受的损失进行了赔偿。
Trade unions can play a useful role as[发挥作用] organisers of lifelong learning, particularly for those—workers in small firms or the self-employed—for whom company-provided training is unlikely. 工会也可以发挥作用，组织终身学习，尤其是帮助那些小公司的员工或自雇人士，因为这些人不大可能有公费培训的机会。
A union-run training programme in Britain has support from political parties on the right and left. 在英国，一个工会组织的培训项目同时得到了左右两派政党的支持。
To make all this training worthwhile[值得的], governments need to slash the licensing requirements and other barriers that make it hard for newcomers to enter occupations. 要让所有这些培训有价值，政府需要大力降低执业资格要求以及其他阻碍新人入行的门槛。
【slash】
to very much reduce something, such as money or jobs大幅削减，大幅减少（金钱、工作等）
Prices have been slashed by 50 percent!价格直降50%！
Rather than asking for 300 hours’ practice to qualify to wash hair, for instance, the state of Tennessee should let hairdressers decide for themselves who is the best person to hire.例如，与其要求有300小时的实习来获得做洗发工的资格，田纳西州应该让理发店自行决定雇谁最好。
Not everyone will successfully navigate the shifting[不断变化的] jobs market. 并非每个人都能成功应付正在变化的就业市场。
【navigate】
to direct the way that a ship, aircraft, etc. will travel, or to find a direction across, along, or over an areaof water or land, often by using a map（常指借助地图）导航，确定…的方向
Sailors have special equipment to help them navigate.船员们借助专门的仪器确定航向。
Even ancient ships were able to navigate large stretches of openwater.即便是古老的船只也能在宽阔的大片水域中航行。
Some migrating birds can navigate by the moon (= using the moon as a guide).有些迁徙的鸟类可以借助月亮确定方向。
There weren't any road signs to help us navigate through the maze of one-way streets.没有任何路标可以指引我们穿过像迷宫似的单行街道。
We had to navigate several flights of stairs to find his office.我们不得不攀上好几层楼梯才找到他的办公室。
Those most at risk of[受威胁] technological disruption[技术颠覆] are men in blue-collar jobs, many of whom reject taking less “masculine[男子汉的]” roles in fast-growing areas such as health care. 受技术颠覆威胁最大的是那些蓝领工人，其中很多人拒绝在医疗护理等快速发展的领域里承担不那么“男子汉”的工作。
【masculine】
adjective UK /ˈmæs.kjə.lɪn/ US /ˈmæs.kjə.lɪn/
having characteristics that are traditionally thought to be typical of or suitable for men男性的，男子气概的；适于男子的
a masculine appearance/voice男性外表／嗓音
But to keep the numbers of those left behind to a minimum, all adults must have access to flexible, affordable training. 但是，若要尽量减少因时代改变而落伍的人数，那么所有成年人都必须能够获得灵活而又实惠的培训。
The 19th and 20th centuries saw stunning[令人震惊的] advances in education. That should be the scale of the ambition today.在19和20世纪，教育有了令人震惊的进步。今天的抱负应当不逊当年。
If new ways of learning are to help those who need them most, policymakers should be aiming for something far more radical[根本性的]. Because education is a public good[公益事业] whose benefits spill over to[延及] all of society, governments have a vital role to play[发挥重要作用]—not just by spending more, but also by spending wisely[花得明智].
如果新的学习方式是要帮助那些最需要帮助的人，那么政策制定者应该寻求远为根本性的举措。因为教育是一种公益事业，其益处会延及整个社会，各国政府要发挥重要作用——不仅要增加投入，还得把钱花得明智。
Lifelong learning starts at school. As a rule, education should not be narrowly vocational[职业的]. The curriculum needs to teach children how to study and think. A focus on[注重] “metacognition” will make them better at picking up skills[学习技能] later in life.
终身学习始于学校。一般来说，教育不应该有狭隘的职业性。学生需要从课程中学会如何学习和思考。注重“元认知”将帮助学生日后更好地学习技能。
But the biggest change is to make adult learning routinely[常态化地] accessible to all. One way is for citizens to receive vouchers[抵用券] that they can use to pay for training. Singapore has such “individual learning accounts”; it has given money to everyone over 25 to spend on any of 500 approved courses. So far each citizen has only a few hundred dollars, but it is early days.
但最大的改变是让所有人都能常态化地进行成人学习。一个方法是向国民发放抵用券，可用于支付培训费用。新加坡就有这样的“个人学习账户”。该国向所有25岁以上的国民提供资金，可用来选择学习500种经认可的课程。到目前为止，每个国民只领取了几百美元，但这才刚刚开始。
Courses paid for by taxpayers risk being wasteful. But industry can help by steering[引导] people towards the skills it wants and by working with MOOCs and colleges to design courses that are relevant. Companies can also encourage their staff to learn. AT&T, a telecoms firm which wants to equip its workforce with digital skills, spends $30m a year on reimbursing employees’ tuition costs. Trade unions can play a useful role as[发挥作用] organisers of lifelong learning, particularly for those—workers in small firms or the self-employed—for whom company-provided training is unlikely. A union-run training programme in Britain has support from political parties on the right and left.
由纳税人付费的课程有可能被浪费。但企业界可以提供帮助，引导人们学习业界所需的技能，并和MOOC及大学院校合作设计有用的课程。企业还可以鼓励员工学习。电信公司AT&T希望员工具备数字技能，它每年支出3000万美元报销员工的学费。工会也可以发挥作用，组织终身学习，尤其是帮助那些小公司的员工或自雇人士，因为这些人不大可能有公费培训的机会。在英国，一个工会组织的培训项目同时得到了左右两派政党的支持。
To make all this training worthwhile[值得的], governments need to slash the licensing requirements and other barriers that make it hard for newcomers to enter occupations. Rather than asking for 300 hours’ practice to qualify to wash hair, for instance, the state of Tennessee should let hairdressers decide for themselves who is the best person to hire.
要让所有这些培训有价值，政府需要大力降低执业资格要求以及其他阻碍新人入行的门槛。例如，与其要求有300小时的实习来获得做洗发工的资格，田纳西州应该让理发店自行决定雇谁最好。
Not everyone will successfully navigate the shifting[不断变化的] jobs market. Those most at risk of[受威胁] technological disruption[技术颠覆] are men in blue-collar jobs, many of whom reject taking less “masculine[男子汉的]” roles in fast-growing areas such as health care. But to keep the numbers of those left behind to a minimum, all adults must have access to flexible, affordable training. The 19th and 20th centuries saw stunning[令人震惊的] advances in education. That should be the scale of the ambition today.
并非每个人都能成功应付正在变化的就业市场。受技术颠覆威胁最大的是那些蓝领工人，其中很多人拒绝在医疗护理等快速发展的领域里承担不那么“男子汉”的工作。但是，若要尽量减少因时代改变而落伍的人数，那么所有成年人都必须能够获得灵活而又实惠的培训。在19和20世纪，教育有了令人震惊的进步。今天的抱负应当不逊当年。
【radical】根本的；彻底的，完全的
【spill over】波及，扩散，影响
【it is early days】言之过早；为时尚早
【steer】引导，带领
【reimburse】偿还；付还；补偿
【slash】大幅削减，大幅减少（金钱、工作等）
【navigate】导航，确定…的方向
【masculine】男性的，男子气概的；适于男子的
public good[公益事业]
have a vital role to play[发挥重要作用]
spending wisely[花得明智]
vocational[职业的]
picking up skills[学习技能]
routinely[常态化地]
vouchers[抵用券]
play a useful role[发挥作用]
at risk of[受威胁]
technological disruption[技术颠覆]
stunning[令人震惊的]
原文选自《经济学人》 2017年1月14日 Technology and education版块 Lifelong Learning文章
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