一、This is IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English.
On Friday, Republican candidate John McCain announced his choice for vice president: Alaska Governor Sarah Palin. She is forty-four years old and largely unknown in national politics. She was elected governor two years ago.
She will be the first woman on a Republican presidential ballot. The Democrats nominated Geraldine Ferraro for vice president in nineteen eighty-four. Governor Palin praised Geraldine Ferraro and Hillary Clinton for their historic campaigns. And she said her own candidacy means that women still have a chance for the White House.
She appeared with John McCain in Ohio Friday, on the Arizona senator's seventy-second birthday. The Republican Party opens its nominating convention Monday in Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota.
On Thursday night, in Denver, Colorado, Democrat Barack Obama accepted his party's nomination to be the forty-fourth president.
BARACK OBAMA: "With profound gratitude and great humility, I accept your nomination for the presidency of the United States."
The first-term senator from Illinois is the first black nominee of a major American political party. He is forty-seven, the Hawaiian-born son of a father from Kenya and a white mother from Kansas. He narrowly defeated Hillary Clinton in the primary season. She received eighteen million votes.
The race against John McCain was very close heading into the conventions. In large part, this week's Democratic convention was aimed at uniting the party.
Hillary and Bill Clinton gave speeches in support of Barack Obama. And she called on delegates during a roll call vote of the states to vote for him "with one voice." They suspended the voting and declared him the nominee.
His running mate is Joe Biden, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. The longtime Delaware senator ran for president twenty years ago and again this year.
Barack Obama gave his acceptance speech before tens of thousands at an open-air sports stadium. He said America is at a defining moment, with the nation at war and the economy in great trouble. He said "the American promise" is threatened from eight years of what he called "the failed policies of George W. Bush."
Barack Obama said he does not think Senator McCain knows what is going on in the lives of Americans. The Democrat promised to cut taxes for ninety-five percent of working families. And he promised a goal to end dependence on oil from the Middle East in ten years. He also said he would only send troops into harm's way with a clear mission.
BARACK OBAMA: "I will end this war in Iraq responsibly and finish the fight against al-Qaida and the Taliban in Afghanistan. I will rebuild our military to meet future conflicts. But I will also renew the tough, direct diplomacy that can prevent Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons and curb Russian aggression."
Barack Obama spoke on the anniversary of a major event in the American civil rights movement. Thursday was forty-five years since Martin Luther King Junior's "I Have a Dream" speech in Washington.
And that's IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English, written by Brianna Blake. I'm Steve Ember
二、ANNOUNCER:
Welcome to People in America in VOA Special English. At the beginning of the twentieth century, American laborers often worked long hours for little pay. Many worked under extremely dangerous conditions. About five hundred thousand workers, however, had joined groups called labor unions, hoping to improve their situation.
Today, Rich Kleinfeldt and Sarah Long tell about five labor leaders who worked to improve conditions for American workers.
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VOICE ONE:
In nineteen hundred, the largest national organization of labor unions was the American Federation of Labor. Its head was Samuel Gompers. Gompers had moved to New York with his parents when he was thirteen years old. He was twenty-four when he began working for the local union of cigar makers. He worked for the labor movement for sixty years.
VOICE TWO:
Samuel Gompers had helped create the A.F.L. in the late eighteen eighties. He led the organization for all but one year until his death in nineteen twenty-four. Gompers defined the purpose of the labor movement in America. He also established the method used to solve labor disputes.
Gompers thought unions should work only to increase wages, improve work conditions and stop unfair treatment of workers. He called his method pure and simple unionism.
Samuel Gompers sought immediate change for workers. He used group actions such as strikes as a way to try to force company owners to negotiate.
VOICE ONE:
Gompers was criticized for going to social events with industry leaders, and for compromising too easily with employers. But Gompers believed such actions helped his main goal. He believed if workers were respected, their employers would want to make working conditions better.
Under the leadership of Samuel Gompers, the labor movement won its first small gains. For example, the federal government recognized the right of workers to organize. That happened when union representatives were part of the National War Labor Board during World War One.
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VOICE TWO:
John L. Lewis expanded the American labor movement with a campaign he called organizing the unorganized. Lewis was the head of the United Mine Workers of America. He also was the vice-president of the A.F.L.
In nineteen thirty-five, Lewis formed the Committee for Industrial Organization within the A.F.L. He wanted the C.I.O. to organize workers in mass production industries, such as automobile industry. The A.F.L. mainly organized unions of workers who had the same skills. But Lewis believed skilled and unskilled workers in the same industry should be organized into the same union.
Congress passed the National Labor Relations Act in nineteen thirty-five. It gave workers the legal right to join unions and to negotiate with employers. John L. Lewis thought it was the right time to press the large industries to recognize workers' rights.
The A.F.L., however, decided not to support such action and expelled the unions that belonged to the C.I.O. In nineteen thirty-six, the C.I.O. began operating as another national labor organization. Lewis was its leader.
VOICE ONE:
John L. Lewis was an extremely colorful and effective speaker. He had worked as a coal miner and could relate to the most terrible conditions workers faced. More than three million workers joined the C.I.O. in its first year as a separate organization. For the first time, labor won many strikes and permanent improvements in workers conditions.
For many years, presidents, members of Congress, and business leaders considered John L. Lewis the voice of labor. And, American workers saw Lewis as their hero. By the nineteen fifties, the labor movement an established part of American life.
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VOICE TWO:
Walter Reuther was the vice president of the C.I.O. under Lewis, and became its president in nineteen fifty-two. Reuther believed unions had a social responsibility. His ideas were partly influenced by his German father who was a socialist.
Walter Reuther was trained to make tools to cut metal. He joined the United Automobile Workers union when it first formed in nineteen thirty-five.
VOICE ONE:
Walter Reuther was president of the United Auto Workers for twenty-three years beginning in nineteen forty-six. He shaped the U.A.W. into one of the most militant and forward-looking unions. He held strikes to gain increased wages for workers, but, at the same time, he expected workers to increase their rate of production. He was the first to link pay raises to productivity increases. Reuther also was greatly concerned about civil rights and the environment.
In nineteen fifty-five, Reuther helped the A.F.L. and C.I.O. re-join as one organization.
Reuther's ideas were recognized worldwide. But they also brought him enemies. He survived three murder attempts. He said: "You have to make up your mind whether you are willing to accept things as they are or whether you are willing to try to change them."
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VOICE TWO:
A. Philip Randolph is known for combining the labor and civil rights movements. Randolph became involved with unions in nineteen-twenty-five. A group of black workers on passenger trains asked him to organize a union, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters.
Randolph was not a laborer. He was the college educated son of a minister. He published a socialist magazine in New York City. He was known as a fighter for black rights. Randolph strongly believed that economic conditions affected rights and power for African Americans.
For twelve years, Randolph fought the Pullman Company that employed the passenger train workers. In nineteen thirty-five, Pullman finally agreed to negotiate with the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Two years later, the porters' union signed the first labor agreement between a company and a black union.
A. Philip Randolph led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters for forty-three years. In nineteen fifty-seven he became vice president of the A.F.L.-C.I.O.
Randolph used large group protests to change work conditions. He planned marches on the capital in Washington to protest the unequal treatment of black workers by the government.
In nineteen sixty-three, Randolph planned the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. At this huge peaceful gathering, civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Junior made his famous "I have a dream" speech. Within a year the civil rights amendment passed guaranteeing equal rights for blacks and other minorities.
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VOICE ONE:
Cesar Chavez created the first farmers union in nineteen sixty-two. That union later became the United Farm Workers of America.
Farm workers had been considered too difficult to organize. They worked during growing seasons. Many farm workers did not speak English or were in the country illegally. Farm workers earned only a few dollars each hour. They often lived in mud shelters and had no waste removal systems. Many farm workers were children.
VOICE TWO:
Cesar Chavez went to school for only eight years. But he read a lot. He was greatly influenced by the ideas of famous supporters of non-violence such as Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi. Chavez led his workers on marches for better pay and conditions. Workers walked hundreds of miles carrying cloth banners with the Spanish words "Viva la Causa" -- long live our cause.
VOICE ONE:
Cesar Chavez created a new strike method called a boycott. People refused to buy products of a company accused of treating farm workers badly. Chavez also publicized the dangers of some farm chemicals. Cesar Chavez improved the conditions of farm workers by making their mistreatment a national issue.
VOICE TWO:
Union membership has dropped sharply since its highpoint in the nineteen forties. Yet conditions for American workers continue to improve as employers realize that treating their workers well is good for business. The efforts of leaders of the American labor movement during the past one hundred years continue to improve the lives of millions of workers.
(MUSIC)
ANNOUNCER:
This Special English program was written by Linda Burchill and produced by Paul Thompson. The announcers were Rich Kleinfeldt and Sarah Long. I'm Faith Lapidus. Join us again next week for another People In America program in VOA Special English.
一个民族产生过几位大哲学家没什么稀罕，但一个民族能以哲理的眼光去观察事物，那是难能可贵的。我整理了哲理英语美文故事，欢迎阅读!
让我们微笑吧
The thing that goes the farthest toward making life worthwhile, that costs the least and does the most, is just a pleasant smile.
那最能赋予生命价值、代价最廉而回报最多的东西，不过一个令人心畅的微笑而已。
The smile that bubbles from the heart that loves its fellow men, will drive away the clouds of gloom and coax the Sun again.
由衷地热爱同胞的微笑，会驱走心头阴郁的乌云，心底收获一轮夕阳。
It's full of worth and goodness, too, with manly kindness blent; It's worth a million dollars, and it doesn’t cost a cent.
它充满价值和美好，混合着坚毅的仁爱之心;它价值连城却不花一文。
There is no room for sadness when we see a cheery smile; It always has the same good look; it's never out of style; It nerves us on to try again when failure makes us blue;
当我们看到喜悦的微笑，忧伤就会一扫而光;它始终面容姣好，永不落伍;失败令我们沮丧之时，它鼓励我们再次尝试;
The dimples of encouragement are good for me and you.It pays the highest interest — for it is merely lent;
鼓励的笑靥于你我大有裨益。它支付的利息高昂无比──只因它是种借贷形式;
It's worth a million dollars, and it doesn’t cost a cent.
它价值连城却不花一文。
A smile comes very easy — you can wrinkle up with cheer. A hundred times before you can squeeze out a salty tear. It ripples out, moreover, to the heartstrings that will tug, and always leaves an echo that is very like a hug.
来一个微笑很容易──嘴角欢快翘起来，你能百次微笑，可难得挤出一滴泪;它的涟漪深深波及心弦，总会留下反响，宛若拥抱。
So, smile away! Folks understand what by a smile is meant. It’s worth a million dollars, and it doesn’t cost a cent.
继续微笑吧!谁都懂得它意味着什么。它价值连城却不花一文。
让过去过去 让未来来到
Regret can be a terrible addiction. Those who suffer from it so often become bitter and full of self-pity.
后悔是一件很可怕的东西, 它会让人上瘾. 那些经常感到后悔的人会变得更加悲天悯人, 自顾自怜.
It is an emotion that serious entrepreneurs cannot afford: they must keep pressing onwards and should not look back with remorse, dwelling on errors of long ago.
而对于企业家来说, 他们绝对不可以对 “后悔” 这种情绪上瘾. 他们必须时刻坚持前进, 不能总是回望很久以前犯下的错误而懊悔自责.
As Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, said: “When one door closes, another opens; but we often look so long and so regretfully upon the closed door that we do not see the one which has opened for us.” Entrepreneurs must learn to manage the conflict between constant experimentation – which means lots of painful mistakes – and a fear of failure, which can lead to paralysis.
正如电话机的发明者亚历山大?格拉汉姆?贝尔所言, “当人生的一扇门关闭了, 总会有另一扇门为你打开; 然而, 我们却经常久久地回顾那扇关闭了的门, 懊悔不已, 却没有看到那扇为我们打开的门.” 企业家必须学会如何平衡各种不断的尝试和害怕失败的心理之间的矛盾. 这些尝试可能意味着许多痛苦的失误, 而害怕失败的心理则可能导致你停滞不前.
Likewise, past glory can be a killer. For example, Greg Dyke, who is a clever fellow, still harks back too much to his resignation as director-general of the BBC. He should move on and stop moaning about the injustice of it all.
同样的, 过去的荣耀也可能是毁灭你的杀手. 比如说, 格里格?戴克, 一个头脑聪明的人, 至今仍然对他当初辞去BBC总裁一职耿耿于怀. 他应该立即停止抱怨所有的不公, 继续前进.
And Tim Waterstone should give up trying to buy back his bookshop chain, which he finally left more than 10 years ago (after selling it once and then getting involved again). He has tried to repurchase it at least five times, if rumour is to be believed. Possibly the root of the problem is that he exaggerates the chain’s importance, once saying: “Waterstone’s does more for the day-to-day cultural life of the nation than perhaps anything or anyone else.”
而蒂姆?沃特斯通, 既然十年前已经决定离开他的连锁书店了, 现在就应该放弃试图回购连锁书店的计划(他曾经将书店出售, 后来又买回来). 如果传言属实的话, 他曾经至少五次试图将它买回来. 问题的根源可能是, 他过于高估书店的价值. 他曾说, “Waterstone’s 在本国日常文化生活层面上所做的贡献是任何东西和任何人都不能比拟的.”
No doubt I suffered from a similar delusion in taking over Borders bookshops. But such thoughts were never true, and are even less so now, in the age of e-books and Amazon. Admittedly, I did try to buy back PizzaExpress once, but that was different – it would have been a sound financial deal.
同样并不稀奇的是, 在接管Borders书店时, 我也有类似的错觉. 然而, 这样的感觉从来都是错误的, 而在当今的电子书和亚马逊普及的时代, 这种感觉就更加错误了. 无可置否, 我也曾经试图回购 PizzaExpress, 然而那时的情况不同, 那次的回购可能是一次明智的金融交易.
And who doesn’t have a tale of the one that got away? I remember David Dein, my predecessor as chairman of the charity Stage One, telling a wonderfully self-deprecating anecdote of his initial activities as a theatrical angel. Mr Dein, who has made a fortune investing in Arsenal football club, backed some early shows from a promising young producer called Cameron Mackintosh, and they unfortunately lost money. Finally, the apprentice impresario approached him about supporting an idea to put some of T.S.?Eliot’s poems to music, on stage. Not unreasonably, Mr Dein turned it down. It became, of course, Cats, one of the most successful productions of all time, and helped make Mr Mackintosh a very rich man indeed.
然而, 谁不曾中此类的招数呢? 我记得在我之前担任慈善机构Stage One董事长的大卫?德恩曾经自嘲般地讲过他的一件轶事, 这件事与他刚开始担任戏剧赞助人的经历有关. 德恩先生曾经投资阿森纳足球俱乐部并获得可观的利润. 后来他赞助一位颇有潜力的年轻制片人卡梅伦?麦金托什的一些早期剧目, 然而不幸的是, 这是一笔亏本买卖. 最后, 那位学徒式的剧场经理希望德恩可以支持他将T?S?艾略特的部分诗歌改编成音乐剧搬上舞台. 而德恩拒绝了他的请求, 这一切看起来也确实合情合理. 这时你应该猜到, 这后来成为了史上最成功的音乐剧之一, <<猫>>. 它成功地让麦金托什变成一个非常富有的人.
One of my experiences in that vein was Transform, a leading cosmetic surgery company. It was a highly profitable undertaking, serving a booming market, and I believed the acquisition would be a real winner. I spent many weeks negotiating a deal, but then got slightly cold feet at the last minute, and fell out with the vendor over a relatively trivial sum. He immediately turned round and sold it to those astute fellows at Phoenix private equity. Inevitably, they proceeded to make a rapid fortune.
我也有类似的经历, 那是在一家叫Transform的领先美容整形公司里. 这家公司营利情况非常好, 市场需求大, 因此我相信收购这家公司是一个明智的选择. 我花了好多周的时间谈判这笔交易, 但是在最后一刻却有点动摇了, 最后因为一笔非常小的金额上与出售方发生分歧而使交易告吹. 出售方立即把公司转卖给私人股本公司Phoenix的那帮精明的家伙. 结局不用说, 这些人迅速地赚取了可观的利润.
At least my mistake wasn’t as expensive as George Bell’s. He was the former documentary film-maker hired in 1996 to run Excite, the dotcom darling, which achieved a market capitalisation of $35bn at its peak. Three years later, the founders of Google decided that their search business was interfering with their studies and tried to sell it to a number of buyers, including Mr Bell, for just $750,000. He turned it down flat. Excite subsequently went bankrupt, while Google is now worth $170bn.
然而, 至少, 我的失误不及乔治?贝尔的失误付出的代价高. 他曾经是纪录片制片人, 1996年被Excite雇用. 该公司最高实现了350亿美元的市值. 三年后, 谷歌的创使人认为, 他们的搜索业务干扰到了他们的研究, 试图用区区75万美元向众多的买家出售, 包括贝尔. 然而贝尔直接拒绝了. Excite后来破产了, 而谷歌现在的市值高达1700亿美元.
And it would be hard not to feel some sympathy for James Monaghan. In 1960, he teamed up with his brother Tom in the purchase of a single pizza restaurant in Michigan for $500. But later that year, he decided to go travelling, and so sold his 50 per cent share in the business to his brother in exchange for a used Volkswagen Beetle. A few years later, the company changed its name to Domino’s Pizza, and in 1998 was sold for about $1bn.
同样的, 我们也难免会为詹姆斯?莫纳汗感到可惜. 1960年, 他和他的兄弟汤姆合作, 用500美元在密歇根买下了一间比萨餐厅. 后来, 也就在那一年, 他决定去旅行, 于是将自己百分之五十的股份卖给了他的兄弟, 换取一辆二手的大众甲壳虫汽车. 几年以后, 那家比萨餐厅改名为达美乐比萨餐厅. 1998年, 达美乐比萨餐厅以约10亿美元的价格出售.
By all means treasure experience, and learn from your blunders. But don’t wallow in nostalgia, pining for what might have been. Rather, go ahead and seize the day no matter what. I have little time for those who say: I wish I had started my own business. My only response is: so do it now.
前车可鉴, 我们一定要从经验和失误中吸取教训. 但是切不可以过分沉浸在过去的伤怀中而于可能的结果念念不忘. 相反, 你应该勇往直前, 抓住一切可能的机会. 我没有空去理会那些只会说 “我要早点创业就好了”. 如果有人对我说这句话, 我会对他说: 现在就去做吧!
珍惜现在 不再错过
音乐家约翰带着一把价值不菲的古董名琴，悄悄来到人潮不断的地铁站演奏。弦音曼妙，在空旷处流淌。将近一小时的演奏中，真正驻足聆听者只有六七人。最捧场的是一位三岁小童，听得入神。约翰当天得到52美元赏金。
John, a famous musician, took his priceless antique zither and played it in the crowded subway station. The music emanating from the zither was delicately streaming throughout the whole station. However, during the one-hour play, only six or seven people were truly appreciating the charming music. A three-year-old kid was so fascinated by the music that he forgot everything around. John only got 52 U.S. dollar for his work that day.
平日，约翰的演奏会举行时，一张票超过100美元，且一票难求。 后来，不少当时就在地铁站的观众扼腕自己眼拙，错过了一场免费或者廉价的音乐盛宴。
However, in normal days, when John is about to hold a concert, one ticket can be sold at more than 100 dollars and it is extremely hard to buy a ticket even at such a high price. Therefore, later, many passers-by in the station that day felt deeply regretful for not recognizing the famous musician and missing such a valuable but cheap music feast.
有位忙碌的朋友得知老婆罹患重症，彻头彻尾变了一个人：亲自下厨，陪太太散步……可是妻子敌不过病魔摧残，三个月后就撒手人寰。他很伤感地说，太忙了，错过与妻子营造最美好的人生时光，想弥补却弥补不回来。
I have a very busy friend who had totally changed after knowing that his wife came down with acute illness. He cooked by himself for the family and took a walk with his wife every day. Nonetheless, his wife still did not manage to conquer the illness and passed away after three months. After that, he often sighed miserably that due to his past busy life, he had missed a lot of beautiful time with his wife. But now, it is impossible to make up for it.
医生的儿子从19楼一跃而下，留下一封遗书，信中留言：最想爸爸陪他，最想看电影，最希望快快乐乐……儿子往生之后，爸爸才明白，人生中最珍贵的不是成就，而是亲情。
A doctor’s son jumped from the 19th floor of a building and left a posthumous letter which expressed his strong desire for staying more with his father, going to see a movie with his father, etc. Not until his son committed suicide had the doctor realized that the most precious thing is not career achievement, but the tight and intact family bonds.
可惜千金难买早知道，很多美好的事，往往简简单单就被轻易错过了。
It is no use crying over spilt milk. We have missed a lot of precious things in our life without knowing to cherish them.
事实上，我也错过一些事。错过的理由很简单：以为还有明天。
Actually, I also missed something precious before. The reason why we would have missed those precious things is less than simple: we had thought that we could still own them tomorrow.
事实上，明天是不可靠的。要不，日休禅师怎么会说，很多人的一生中，只做了“等待”与“后悔”两件事，合起来就叫“来不及”。我们老爱说：长大再说，有钱再说，老了再说……可是到了那时候，却什么都不必说了。
Nevertheless, tomorrow is actually by no means reliable. There was a famous Buddhist monk saying that in many people’s lives, they have only done two things: waiting and regretting. The result is that they were always too late to cherish what they had before they lost it. We would often claim to do something when we grow up, or when we have money or when we become old, etc. However, when we reach the condition we have expected, we could no longer do realize our wish any more, because we have lost it by then.
BBC news with David Harper
David Harper为您播报BBC新闻
South Africa has announced a tenfold increase in the number of troops to be deployed in response to widespread violence sparked by the jailing of the former President Jacob Zuma.
南非宣布将部署的军队数量增加十倍，这是对前总统雅各布·祖玛被监禁引发的广泛暴力的回应。
Up to 25000 soldiers are to be sent on the streets of KwaZulu-Nataland Gauteng provinces.
多达25000名士兵将被派往夸祖鲁－纳塔兰省豪登省的街道。
The leader of South Africa Zulu said 6 days of looting had brought shame on the entire country.
南非领导人祖鲁表示，持续6天的抢劫给整个国家带来了耻辱。
The authorities in Ethiopia's Amhara
埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉当局
region said they will go on the offensive against forces from neighboring Tigray,
该地区表示，他们将向邻国蒂格雷的军队发起进攻，
potentially opening up a new phase in8 months of civil war.
可能会开启长达8个月的内战的新阶段。
Troops have been rallied to counter the Tigrayans who are advancing on Amhara-held territory.
军队已经集结起来对抗向阿姆哈拉占领地区挺进的蒂格雷人。
The European Union has announced ambitious plans to cut carbon emissions to net zero by the year 2050.
欧盟已经宣布到2050年削减碳排放至零的雄心勃勃的计划。
They include ending the sale of new petrol cars by 2035 and imposing new taxes on shipping and aviation fuel.
其中包括到2035年停止销售新的汽油汽车，并对航运和航空燃料征收新税。
People from both sides of the political divide have criticized the British.
政治分歧双方的人都在批评英国。
government's plans to stop prosecutions of all crimes committed in Northern,Ireland before 1998's peace agreement.
政府计划停止起诉在北方犯下的所有罪行，1998年和平协议前的爱尔兰。
Victim groups said a blanket amnesty covering all soldiers and paramilitary groups is too generous.
The US government has demanded the immediate release of people detained during the protest which swept Cuba on Sunday.
受害者团体说，对所有士兵和准军事组织的大赦太慷慨了。美国政府要求立即释放周日席卷古巴的抗议活动中被拘留的人。
Local activists said at least 65 have been detained in the capital Havana and many others elsewhere.
当地活动人士说，至少有65人参加了。
The World Health Organization has warned of potentially catastrophic.
在首都哈瓦那和其他地方被拘留。
consequences in the Middle East from a surge of CoVID infections ahead of the Muslim celebration of Eid al Adha next week.
世界卫生组织已经发出了潜在的灾难性警告穆斯林将于下周庆祝古尔邦节（Eid al Adha)。
The rising cases is being driven by the spread of the Delta variant and low vaccination rates.
德尔塔病毒变种的传播和疫苗接种率低是导致病例增加的原因。
The US Justice Department has criticized the FBl investigation into sexual abuse allegations against the former doctor of the national gymnastics team, Larry Nassar.
美国司法部批评了联邦调查局对前国家体操队医生拉里·纳萨尔（Larry Nassar)性虐待指控的调查。
Reports say that FBI had failed to respond to the allegations with the seriousness and urgency required. The FBI has acknowledged shortcomings.
有报道称，联邦调查局未能对这些指控做出回应，需要严肃性和紧迫性。联邦调查局承认存在缺陷。
New Year in the UK usually starts with a celebration on New Year’s Eve (31st
December).
英国的新年从12月31日举行的庆祝开始。
Some people spend the evening at home with their family, or have a party for friends at their house.
一些人在那天晚上和家人呆在一起，一些人在与朋友在家里开PARTY。
Others go to a pub to celebrate, or spend the evening in a large public space,for example Trafalgar Square in London.
另一些人会到一个酒吧去庆祝，或是在一个大的公共场所度过那个晚上。例如去伦敦的Trafalgar广场。
The beginning of the New Year is signified by the chiming of Big Ben, the famous London clock, at midnight, which is also shown on TV for those who are staying in.
新年的开始是以伦敦著名的钟-大本钟的午夜12点的敲响来表示，为了那些呆在家的人们，这一场景会现场直播。
In Scotland, New Year is called Hogmanay, and for some people, it’s a bigger celebration than Christmas. In big cities like Edinburgh and Glasgow there are street parties with around 100,000 people, enjoying music, entertainment
and fireworks at midnight.
在苏格兰， 新年被称为Hogmanay, 对一些人来说，庆祝新年比圣诞节还要隆重。 在Edinburgh和Glasgow这样的大城市，大约会有10万左右的人涌向街头庆祝，享受音乐，观看娱乐表演，和午夜时候放的烟火。
One Scottish tradition which is now popular throughout the UK as well as in the USA, is the singing of a traditional folk song. ‘Auld lang syne’, reminds us to think of old friends and remember the good times of the past, as we look to
the future.
苏格兰有一个传统就是唱一首名Auld lang syne的传统民谣，它让我们在展望未来的时候想起了过去的美好时光，如今它正风靡英国和美国。
Although New Year’s Eve involves drinking alcohol for many people, New Year’s Day signals the start of a healthier life, as some people make New Year’s resolutions.
Often these are connected with fitness and health, for example giving up smoking or drinking, taking more exercise or losing weight.
虽然新年除夕对许多人来说还包括去喝酒， 但由于一些人会许‘新年愿望’，许的愿望经常和健康有关，例如戒烟，戒酒，多运动，或是减肥。所以新年第一天却标志这一个更加健康的开始。
Other people make a resolution to improve their life in other ways, such as spending more time with family, learning something new, or getting out of debt.
另一些人决定从另外的途径改善他们的生活，例如多陪陪家人，学习新知识，或还清债务。
Unfortunately, it’s not always easy to stick to your resolutions, especially if they are related to saving money. The January sales can provide shopaholics
with far too much temptation.
可是，要坚持自己的做出的决定通常不那么容易，尤其如果是和储蓄有关的决定。 一月份的购物对一些购物狂来说简直具有太大的诱惑了。
Almost every shop is full of special offers and bargains,which can make it hard to just go window shopping.
几乎每家商店都有特价，打折活动，这使得要做到光看不买的去逛商店变的太难了。
