China’s accession into the WTO has triggered extensive discussions on the part of macroeconomists, both domestic and international, concerning China’s macroeconomic performance in the future. As a would-be senior enterprise manager, I have also been gravely concerned about the possible impacts that this historical event would produce on enterprise management. During my prospective studies at NYU, I plan to work on an individual project which will be entitled Designing the Optimum Management Mode for China’s Medium- and Small-Sized Enterprises After China’s Accession into the WTO.
In China, the medium- and small-sized enterprises have been playing an increasingly important role in the country’s whole economy. Yet, the management of those enterprises is far from being effective. They cannot make effective use of their resources to realize their potential profits, or they have failed to properly estimate their long-term profit-making capacity. Their survival seems to be ensured when only faced with domestic competition because their competitors are equally incompetent in their management. However, their competitors after China’s entry into WTO are those international enterprises with professional management expertise. If those Chinese enterprises cannot fully utilize their resources or make strategic adjustments, their existence and profit-making ability would be seriously jeopardized. The objective of my project is to evolve a system of optimum management mode, together with its methodology and concepts, which fits the special characteristics of Chinese enterprises. In addition, I will propose some specific feasibility models. The research findings of this project would provide valuable information for those enterprises to help them achieve that they actually deserve by means of effective management.
My project will proceed in this way. First, as China’s current economic system is rather unique in the entire world, a system that combines free market system with the so-called socialist system, I will conduct an analysis of both the macro and the micro economic circumstances of those enterprises. The research may lead to the following results, that the optimum management mode of China’s enterprises might differ fundamentally from that of their foreign counterparts in terms of its form of expression, although the purpose of designing the management mode is essentially the same --- the realization of profits. At the same time, I will endeavor to know the existing conditions of management in those enterprises and discover the inherent problems in their management and their potential resources. It is precisely those potential resources that are their potential profit margins. The aim of doing so is to compare and contrast the management in those enterprises with that of excellent enterprises. Those procedures will be completed before I leave China to pursue studies at your university. At least I will have to collect all the necessary materials before I proceed onto further studies during my program at your university.
In the second stage of my project, I will attempt at a study of all the requisite elements that characterize optimum management mode as described by management theories. I will try to trace the process how these elements evolved and their present form of expression by studying the management cases of successful international enterprises. This step will be crucial as what I discover will be the most precious experience for Chinese enterprises. As for the choice of the cases, I will concentrate on those foreign enterprises that are analogous to their Chinese counterparts both in the scale and in the nature of business operation. Based on my understanding of the existing condition of Chinese medium- and small-sized enterprises, I will lay emphasis on the construction of corporate culture and the design of management strategies.
All successful international enterprises have their correspondingly excellent corporate cultures which serve as the foundation for their constant creation of ever-increasing profits, sustained growth, and triumphs over their competitors. Most enterprise administrators in China are inheritors of the conventional mentality of the planned economy who absolutely fail in the cultivation of their corporate cultures. The successful cultivation of corporate culture requires the top management to be equipped with knowledge in administration science, psychology, organizational behavior and in other sciences, a process which demands tremendous creativity. To complete this project satisfactorily, I need to immerse myself in the coursework that your university will offer me. I also need to summarize the characteristics of corporate culture that many successful international enterprises share and the process whereby the successful corporate cultures developed. Those characteristics can be important lessons that Chinese enterprises can assimilate because China’s membership in the WTO forces its enterprises to be confronted with the similar business environment to that faced by their foreign counterparts long operating under the market economy system. Meanwhile, by combining my research findings with the actual circumstances of the Chinese enterprises, I can come up with some creative ideas as to the proper mode of corporate culture development in keeping with the characteristics of those enterprises. Moreover, the design of management strategies is something that Chinese enterprises lack. For Chinese enterprises that switch from a relatively self-enclosed market to the liberal international market, it is necessary to effect a transformation in their management strategies and this transformation will be vital for the successful transition from domestic to international markets. In terms of research methodology, I will adopt those approaches similar to those for my studies on the corporate culture.
I believe that this envisioned project will contribute importantly to the enterprise management of China and it will be much more fruitful if I can secure assistance from the seasoned faculty members of your prestigious university.
内容摘要: 在市场经济发展日趋深化的今天，品牌对于企业生存和发展的重要性已众所周知，品牌战略已成为众多知名企业在市场竞争中立于不败之地的法宝。品牌文化是树立企业形象、提升企业竞争力的核心问题之一。因为，品牌是拥有它的企业区别于其它企业的标识，它不仅仅是企业形象识别，本质上代表着卖方对交付给买方的产品特征、利益和服务的一贯性承诺。品牌是质量的保证，是优质的服务，是企业文化的结晶，是企业的一个象征。品牌除属性、利益、价值外，更主要的是代表了企业文化的追求。企业文化赋予了品牌鲜活的生命力和非我莫属的无形张力，任何一个知名品牌的背后都有其企业文化为依托，品牌一旦生成于优越的企业文化氛围之中，便能大放异彩。因此，本文通过对品牌基本含义的阐述，探讨了品牌在工业企业发展中的重要性，并对工业企业竞争的重要性做出分析。
关键词: 品牌竞争 工业企业 竞争意识
一、品牌的建设对企业来说有什么重要性呢？
在目前的国内市场上，没有打造自己的“品牌”，企业的商品力就很弱，也就是说基本没什么竞争优势，更不会有所有企业家都梦寐以求的附加值 高额利润；所以说，附加值低是中国很多企业最大的无奈 因为附加值低，企业缺乏产品研发、管理升级、以及市场推广的投入；没有强势的品牌竞争力，企业商品的市场竞争力就不敌竞争对手，其市场价格自然难以提升，由此就带来了更低的附加值，以至于使企业陷入低水平竞争的怪圈，企业进入更恶性的循环。因此对企业而言，品牌竞争力的高低决定着企业与企业之间利润的大与小，也决定着产品与产品之间的成功与失败，更决定着企业与企业之间的强大与弱小。
创造强势品牌对于一个企业来讲是一件意义深远的事情，是企业获得核心竞争优势的基础，也是在当代国际化的市场经济竞争中是否能迅速崛起、强盛起来的关键。巨大的中国市场已经成为国内外企业共同争夺的主战场，企业不论实力、不论规模、不论资历，注定要在同样的竞争环境下求得生存、渴望发展。要想在竞争中胜出，必须将注意力集中于——创造具有核心竞争优势的“强势品牌”。
创建强势大品牌的最终目的是为了持续获取较好的销售与利润。由于无形资产的重复利用是不用成本的，只要有科学的态度与高超的智慧来规划品牌延伸战略，就能通过理性的品牌延伸与扩张充分利用品牌资源这一无形资产，实现企业的跨越式发展。
现在的市场竞争其实已经发展为到了“品牌的战争”的阶段 -也就是“品牌核心优势的竞争”， 没有品牌的竞争是无力的竞争，没有品牌支撑的商品是脆弱的商品，没有品牌根基的市场可以说根本就不是“已占领的市场”。因此，众多商界与投资者都认识到“品牌”才是企业最珍贵的资源。
二、如何增强品牌竞争意识
1、我国企业品牌竞争现状
有人曾问国内一些知名企业的老总，企业经营的目标是什么？答案是：品牌的市场占有率。这表明许多知名企业的老总已认识到了品牌的重要性。特别是当前国际市场生产力已经处于过剩状态，所有开放市场经济国家都不同程度地进入了买方市场，市场竞争的环境、手段与过去相比都发生了很大的变化。在这种新情况下，企业取胜的主要手段已不再单纯以产品本身来竞争，还包括品牌的竞争。可以说，未来国际市场竞争的主要形式将是品牌的竞争，品牌战略的优劣将成为企业在市场竞争中出奇制胜的法宝。
事实上，许多世界知名企业往往都是把品牌发展看成是企业开拓国际市场的优先战略。可口可乐、百事可乐、麦当劳等等无一不是先从抓品牌战略开始的，即创立属于自己的名牌产品，并把它作为一种开拓市场的手段，最终占领市场。而且，由于名牌的综合带动作用十分巨大，外向度也相当在市场经济发展日趋深化的今天，品牌对于企业生存和发展的重要性已众所周知，品牌战略已成为众多知名企业在市场竞争中立于不败之地的法宝。进入WTO后,我国经济逐步融入国际市场,民族企业面临着更加激烈的竞争环境。这种激烈的市场竞争是产品质量、技术服务和价格等要素的竞争,最终要通过品牌竞争来实现。以名牌的经济实力为后盾来分割世界资源、拓展全球市场,将是国际经济运行的一大特点。2004年,我国GDP已升至世界第六位,贸易总量升至第四位,我国的彩电、服装、鞋帽等多达100多个大类产品产量居世界第一。显然,中国是无可非议的制造业大国,但是,我们却是无可争议的品牌弱国。2003年由世界权威机构评出的100个全球最有价值的品牌中,美国占62个,日、法、德和英国各占六七个,我国为零。
2、树立专业品牌意识
品牌文化是树立企业形象、提升企业竞争力的核心问题之一。因为，品牌是拥有它的企业区别于其它企业的标识，它不仅仅是企业形象识别，本质上代表着卖方对交付给买方的产品特征、利益和服务的一贯性承诺。品牌是质量的保证，是优质的服务，是企业文化的结晶，是企业的一个象征。品牌除属性、利益、价值外，更主要的是代表了企业文化的追求。企业文化赋予了品牌鲜活的生命力和非我莫属的无形张力，任何一个知名品牌的背后都有其企业文化为依托，品牌一旦生成于优越的企业文化氛围之中，便能大放异彩。
三、品牌竞争在工业企业中的重要作用
1、产品质量是品牌打造的基础。
品牌产品是产品中的精华，是以高度的质量保证为基本特征的，是决定产品市场和销售效果的本质条件。质量是品牌的生命，是获得荣誉、取信于社会的保证。
2、坚守是支撑品牌塑造的关键。
信誉是一个品牌能够在消费者心目中建立其"品牌偏好"和"品牌忠诚"感觉的基本要素。因为消费者对某一品牌产生偏好甚至忠诚，是对工业企业在产品质量、服务质量等各个方面的承诺所产生的信任。这种信任首先是消费者在市场上反复的实验中逐渐得到归属，然后又在反复的消费中对自己喜欢的品牌产生认同。品牌的信誉竞争力不但可以巩固已有的消费者群体，还可以通过它们扩展出潜在的消费者群体。因而良好的品牌信誉是企业的无形资产，可以增强品牌的竞争力，带来超值的利润。但是，信誉的建立和维护不仅需要很高的代价，而且还需要企业有长远的战略眼光。许多品牌的企业经营者们在激烈的市场竞争环境下，很难抗拒短期内获取高额利润的强烈诱惑，最终以牺牲品牌承诺为代价去换取眼前利益。温州品牌要想真正成为具有国际竞争力的世界级品牌，企业就必须时刻恪守自己的承诺，遵循基本的商业游戏规则，什么情况下都不能动摇自己的品牌信念。
3、技术创新和科学管理是确保品牌竞争力的源泉。
品牌是市场竞争的产物，是企业具有旺盛生命力的标志。品牌产品由于高科技含量使其具有高质量和高附加值，从而带来高竞争力和高利润。谁拥有了某一领域的知识产权，成为众所周知的品牌，谁就是这一领域的领先者。科技的进步使品牌中的科技、文化含量越来越大，要保持品牌的持续竞争力，就必须不断进行科技创新。同时随着经济的高速发展，人们的消费观念和需求也在不断变化，企业如果停止科技创新，以往的品牌产品就会过时，会被其它品牌所超越和取代。技术创新引导着市场需求，科学技术变迁决定着企业产供销体系和企业产业的发展方向，因而，制定以技术创新为基础的品牌竞争力战略是企业赢得市场份额的根本途径。任何品牌都有一个科学的内部管理环境。只有建立了科学完美的管理生产工艺流程及原材料消耗、产品质量考核、资金管理等管理制度，形成了有效的激励机制和约束机制，确立了企业产品稳定的消费群体和市场，品牌才能在市场的激烈竞争中迅速成长。
4、高内涵的文化品牌是塑造品牌的核心。
品牌竞争的背后是品牌文化的竞争。一个品牌的知名度、美誉度和忠诚度自然来自品牌所代表的产品的内在质量和性能。品牌文化的丰富内涵支撑着品牌的知名度和美誉度，使品牌的影响深入到消费者的内心，落实到消费者的行动上，从而提升着消费者对品牌的忠诚度。没有文化内涵的品牌缺乏吸引力和想像力，自然难以形成市场影响力，因此品牌的竞争力水平也就难以提高。品牌文化是结晶在品牌中的经营观、价值观、审美观等观念形态以及经营行为的总和。它不是品牌产品的实体层次，而是超越产品实体层次的抽象观念形态，是品牌的灵魂所在。针对温州企业品牌文化的具体情况，发展具有较深文化内涵的品牌应特别注重提高其服务文化。服务文化是一种服务理念和服务艺术。企业提供品牌服务首先要体现出浓郁的文化情愫和情感色彩，在无形中形成一种高雅感和亲和力；其次要善于洞察顾客的潜在心理，想顾客之所想，提供切合顾客潜在心理期望的服务；优质品牌服务还要能谋求服务创新，率先推出有新特色的服务，给公众留下深刻、美好的印象。
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