论文评审意见应该怎样写的解决方法如下:
对论文质量的评价,可以参考如下评阅标准:
(1)论文选题与综述:对国民经济,科学技术社会实践的理论意义或实用价值,阅读是否广泛,综述是否全面,是否掌握国内外动态(20%);
(2)基础理论和专门知识:是否有理论分析及实验验证,立论是否准确,成果是否突出,工作量是否足够,是否掌握坚实宽广的基础理论和系统深入的专门知识(30%);
(3)科研能力与创造性:是否有新见解,立论与成果是否反映出具有较强的科研能力和创造性等 (40%);
(4)写作能力:条理是否清晰,层次是否分明,论文格式是否规范,学风是否严谨等(10%)。
意见一:(仅供参考)
论文选题具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。文献综述部分对当前辅导员职业化建设的背景及国内外研究现状进行了较为系统的论述和总结,论文归纳总结了当前辅导员队伍职业化建设过程中存在的问题及其成因,表明了该生阅读广泛,综述能力强,较全面地了解本领域国内外学术动态。
论文中构建的辅导员职业标准体系,具有一定的新意和可操作性;对辅导员职业化建设的长效机制所进行的探索,具有较强的针对性和实用性。该生研究方向明确,并具备严密的理论分析能力和一定的创新精神。
总之,论文条理清晰,层次分明,结构合理,重点突出,符合硕士研究生学位论文要求,同意该生参加硕士学位论文答辩。
意见二:
该硕士学位论文选题具有较强的实践意义,在《高校辅导员职业化要求与队伍建设研究》中,体现出该生大量查阅了相关文献资料的认真钻研的学习态度和能够灵活运用所学知识解决论文写作过程中遇到困难的能力。论题研究较深入,表现出该生具有较扎实的理论基础和较强的科研能力,并具备一定的创新精神。
论文归纳总结了当前辅导员队伍职业化建设过程中存在的问题及其成因;构建的辅导员职业标准体系,全面、完整,对加强高校辅导员职业化建设的工作实践,具有一定的借鉴价值;论文中对辅导员职业化建设的长效机制所作的研究,具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。
因此,本人认为该论文符合硕士研究生学位论文的相关要求,同意该生进行硕士研究生论文答辩。
王应宽Wang Yingkuan2011-07-23Beijing, China因为同时在运作3本国际英文刊(IJABE, IAEJ, CIGR Journal),论文同行评审的专家来自世界各地。每次收到的评审意见千差万别,而且不同国家或地区的专家的评审意见呈现一定的规律性,随即不由得做些比较。比较得出的基本结论是:欧美国家专家的评审意见详尽具有更大参考价值,台湾地区的同行评审专家次之,大陆专家的评审意见最为简省。文后附上几篇评审意见(所列大陆专家评审意见还是相对较好的),看看便知,一目了然。我曾与编辑同行讨论关于国内专家审稿的问题。共同的见解是,一线一流的专家基本不审稿。若应邀审稿,要么直接拒审,要么敷衍几句了事;比较认真的专家大都让其所指导的研究生代为评审论文。不论让谁审,最后的评审意见与国外专家的评审相比总不令人满意,存在较大的差距。国外专家评审论文大都是义务劳动,没有任何报酬。但专家们认为自己作为科研人员是科学共同体中的一分子,有义务担任同行专家为他人研究成果的学术质量把关。自己为别人的论文评审把关付出了智慧和劳动,别人也会为自己的研究和论文评审把关,也会付出相应的劳动。专家之间相互协作,相互帮助,虽然没有评审报酬,但大家都觉得平等。而且,国外的专家大都言行一致,故能认真地做好每一篇文章的评审工作。有的评审意见详尽的令人赞叹、钦佩和感动。因此,大家看到他们的评审意见都非常详尽而具有参考价值。而国内的专家评审论文为何大都仓促应付,三言两语,或言之无物,或毫无参考价值?主要原因是一线一流的专家都太“忙”,以至忙得都没时间做学术了。据我从事学术期刊工作十多年的经历,不论评审中文文章还是英文文章,国内专家评审意见普遍简单,评审的质量不高,不但看不出有改观的迹象,还有进一步恶化的趋势。文章中存在的很多的问题,专家审后没有看出来或没有指出来。如果直接发表,错误或疏漏太多影响论文的质量和期刊的声誉。在外审专家靠不住时,就要依靠内审做些完善和提高。如果外审专家把不好关,编辑部又无能力通过内审把关,发表出来的论文的质量也就可想而知了。是否国内专家不擅长评审论文呢?非也。据了解,许多国内专家被国外知名期刊邀请审稿时,他们非常积极认真地评审论文,并在规定时间返回颇有水准的评审意见。据说他们也能做得与欧美国际同行专家一样好。可见,国内专家评不好国内期刊论文不是水平问题,而是态度问题,“时间”问题,或者有其他方面的原因。同行评审是学术期刊论文质量把关的重要途径。如果大家都不在乎,把严肃认真的“盲审”变成“瞎审”,学术危矣!国内期刊请国内专家评审论文大都支付审稿费的。当然,限于各期刊的经济困难,审稿费报酬普遍都不高。因此,同行专家大都不很在乎那点可怜的审稿费。如果评审不好文章会影响专家的声誉和公信度。国内特别是大陆的专家既不在乎钱,也不在乎自己的声誉,不知道他们究竟在乎啥?中国是雷锋诞生的国度,按理说,当志愿者做公益应该很有基础。但在学术圈,就拿国内外同行专家无私奉献评审论文作比较,中国的同行专家做的还很不够,需要好好向国际同行学习。附:CIGR Journal栏目主编加拿大专家对一篇退稿文章的评审意见June 27, 2011Dear Prof. H L L:Re: CIGR Manuscript 1911 EFFECTS OF TRACTOR INFLATION PRESSURE AND TRAFFIC ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIESAs CIGR section editor, I have conducted a preliminary review of the above manuscript.The manuscript addresses a significant engineering problem in agricultural crop production, and as such, the subject matter is of interest to CIGR.However, the manuscript is deficient in several scientific areas.The decision is to decline the manuscript without peer review.My preliminary review is attached to the end of this email.Please note that the preliminary review is by no means a comprehensive review.The manuscript is released, and you are free to submit it for publication in another journal.Thank you for considering CIGR for publication of your work and I wish you success in getting your work published.SincerelyP.Eng., Ph.D.,CIGR Section III editor,Research Scientist, Agricultural Engineering,Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Section Editor ReviewTitle: EFFECTS OF TRACTOR INFLATION PRESSURE AND TRAFFIC ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIESCIGR # 1911Authors:H L L et al.June 27, 2011General:The manuscript addresses soil compaction by multiple passes with agricultural machinery which is a timely topic and of importance to sustainable agricultural production.There are numerous grammatical errors although the meaning is generally clear.It is strongly recommended that the authors seek the assistance of someone well versed in English to help with the grammar.The manuscript is not acceptable in its present form.It needs a lot of work.The biggest problem with the manuscript is that key pieces of information are not given, and that the data analysis is not complete.Some of the major deficiencies are listed below although this is by no means an exhaustive list.Soil characteristics.It is well known that soil characteristics have a huge influence on soil compaction.The only description given is that the soil was a sandy loam.Things like soil series, percent sand, silt and clay, soil organic matter all influence compaction and need to be provided.Tractor specifications: Total tractor weight, tractor axle (or wheel) weights, are critical pieces of information required for compaction studies, but they are not given.Tire pressure was given, but no information was given on whether these pressures were the same for front and rear tires.Often, tractor manufacturers recommend different pressures for front and rear tires, particularly on tractors with different sizes of front and rear tires.Slip was measured, but there was no mention made of whether the tractor was free wheeling (no implement draft) or whether it was pulling a load.The drawbar load on a tractor has a huge effect on wheel slip, and must be specified.It was mentioned that a 4WD tractor was used, and different tire sizes were given for front and rear tires which implies that it was a front wheel assist.It needs to be specified whether or not the front wheel drive was engaged.Results: A randomized complete block statistical design with three replicates was specified.However, the results are given in a series of tables with simple means with no statistical analysis. The results need to be subjected to appropriate statistical analysis, i.e. ANOVA or multiple regression analysis, and appropriate post hoc tests applied to determine which means are statistically different from each other.The experimental design employed lends itself to standard statistical analysis of the results.Graphs should be used when appropriate to help illustrate the data and the trends.Table 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 and elsewhere. Cone index has wrong units.Cone index is normally given in MPa or kPa.Also, the values for cone index are much lower than normally expected.Section 2.3It is not necessary to list all of the equipment used such as oven, air compressor, etc.All you need to say is that samples were oven dried at 105�0�2 C for soil moisture determinations.Things like air compressor and pressure gauge are every day shop equipment, are understood to be necessary for any type of experiment where inflation pressures are changed.However, things like the penetrometer, and shear vane meter should be specified.These are specialized pieces of equipment and their performance can affect the results.Section 2.5.Need to provide information on which soil cone penetrometer you used.Also, how many penetrometer measurements per plot per pass?3)In Figure 4, the text “USB Connection” was overlapped by the line.4)In Figure 4, the line with the “Information Collection” is missing an arrow.5)In Figure 7, the text “field identifying number” was covered by the line.6)In Figure 8, some texts are placed out of the frames.7)Please use consistent fonts in figures throughout the article.Confidential Comments to Associate Editor/Division Editor/Editor-in-chiefI recommend the authors should use consistent fonts throughout the article. The paper cannot be accepted in its present form.中国大陆专家1评审论文意见Section III: CommentsThis section is the most valuable part of the review for the author(s), who are extremely interested in how you formed your opinion of this paper. Please provide specific comments that will help the author(s) understand your review, and possibly prepare a revision. Use all the space you need. General Comments:This paper assess the O2 consumption rate and the CO2 evolution rate in tomato pomace treated with Pleurotus ostreatus without and with Mn to determine if peak colonization rate (for heightened delignification) was delayed by amendment. Generally speaking, the author’s work is useful and suggestive. The author gives a brief introduction to the related work and compares his ideas to others. The theoretical analysis of this article is strong.In all, this manuscript has good novelty and strong technical strength, I’m looking forward the results of further investigations on this topic.Specific comments:In Table 1, notes are not enough in this manuscript. In the Results and Discussion, results have been detailed explained, but some theoretical analysis of the experimental data are not sufficient.Confidential Comments to Associate Editor/Division EditorI hope the paper will be published to guide more researchers.Reviewers’ information (Blind to Authors)中国大陆专家2评审论文意见(相对而言属于国内专家评审较为认真仔细的了)Section III: CommentsThis section is the most valuable part of the review for the author(s), who are extremely interested in how you formed your opinion of this paper. Please provide specific comments that will help the author(s) understand your review, and possibly prepare a revision. Use all the space you need. General Comments:Variable Spray will play an important role in saving resources, protecting environment, raising quality of agricultural product. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate PWM-based continuous variable spray in terms of spray distribution pattern, spray droplet size, and spray angle for flat-fan, hollow-cone and solid-cone nozzles. The test design, results, analysis and conclusion are correct. After re-review, this paper may be published, I think.Specific comments:(1)I have read a paper named “Variable rate Continuous Spray Equipment Based on PWM Technology and Its Spray Characteristics”, which was published in Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2008, 39 (6): 77-80 (in Chinese)”(see the attachment), I think that is a previous study work of the authors. If that is correct, I suggest the author adding that paper in the references of this paper. And then, the contents which have been described in the previous paper can be deleted from this paper.(2)In the abstract “The sensitivities of the spray angles to flow-rate are 0.8254o/%、0.6681o/%、0.5761o/% respectively for flat-fan, the hollow-cone and the solid-cone nozzles”. In English, without the symbol “、”.(3)The numerical data in the conclusion are not the same as those in the abstract”.Confidential Comments to Associate Editor/Division EditorReviewers’ information (Blind to Authors)中国大陆专家3评审论文意见Section III: CommentsThis section is the most valuable part of the review for the author(s), who are extremely interested in how you formed your opinion of this paper. Please provide specific comments that will help the author(s) understand your review, and possibly prepare a revision. Use all the space you need. General Comments:This paper is more important, but it still needs major revision requiring re-review.Specific comments:Revision suggestions of this paper: 1. The study results and conclusions should be clarified in abstract.2. It should be described clearly about the data and size of NACA0015 airfoil which was selected in the numerical simulation in section 2.1.3. It should be described clearly about the specific quantitative conditions of icing in section 3.4. This paper is required re-review after revision.Confidential Comments to Associate Editor/Division Editor
肖**同学的学位论文《基于数据挖掘的高校本科专业设置预测系统数据模型的分析和研究》选题于教育部委托中山大学开展的高校本科专业设置预测系统项目。该论文研究成果对于构建高校本科专业设置预测系统具有一定的先导性意义。
本文主要围绕着高校本科专业设置预测系统的数据模型这个问题展开分析和研究。论文首先对已有的专业设置数据模型进行综述,分析其在功能性、预测性、分析性以及挖掘性方面的不足之处,然后结合高校本科专业设置的实际需求,引入数据挖掘技术、数据仓库和OLAp,构建基于数据挖掘的高校本科专业设置预测系统的数据模型。总的来说,论文框架清晰,逻辑严谨,行文体现了自己的学术思考及思辨结论,有自己的创见。
本文的写作符合硕士研究生毕业论文规范,学术水准较好,体现了两年学习的成果,可进入答辩程序。
论文长于思辨和综合,而短于对实际需求和现实情况的考量,比如各用户对于专业设置的需求以及数据挖掘中数据的可采集性及可用性等。建议今后在相关研究中采取更广泛视角。
怎样写好研究生学位论文评语
1.引言 研究生学位论文是衡量研究生学术水平是否达到所授予的学位标准的主要依据。研究生学位论文评语是对学位论文是否达到相应水平作出的评价。评语虽短,但是至关重要,涉及到能否毕业、能否得到相应学位,或能否以优秀的评价取得相应学位等问题。因此,客观、准确地写好研究生学位论文评语,对研究生学位论文工作作出恰如其分的评价,是每位论文评阅人义不容辞的神圣职责。
2.评价依据 学位论文评语需要对所提交审查的论文作出评价,评价的主要依据是《中华人民共和国学位条例》(一九八零年二月十二日第五届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十三次会议通过),由于研究生学位分硕士学位与博士学位两大类,所以,对论文的要求也有原则不同。
对于申请硕士学位论文,主要审查:
(1)在本门学科上掌握坚实的基础理论和系统的专门知识;
(2)具有从事科学研究工作或独立担负专门技术工作的能力。
对于申请博士学位论文,主要审查:
(1)在本门学科上掌握坚实宽广的基础理论和系统深入的专门知识;
(2)具有独立从事科学研究工作的能力;
(3)在科学或专门技术上做出创造性的成果。
3.评语层次 研究生在导师的指导下,完成了学位论文的研究工作和学位论文的写作,一般需要以下几个环节审查:(1)导师的审查;(2)同行专家评阅;(3)答辩委员会答辩会答辩;(4)学位委员会审查。前面三个环节都需要写出书面评语。由于角度不同,定位不同,因此,评语的写法也是不一样的。特别是评语的结论部分,文后笔者再具体说明。
一般来说,硕士学位论文评阅人应为副高职职称以上的专家,一般应为硕士生指导老师;博士学位论文评阅人应为正高职以上的专家,一般应为博士生指导老师。
研究生学位论文评语要求用词准确、评价客观,无论是肯定还是否定,都应该言之有理,以理服人。好的评价不能多加一个字,也不能减少一个字。
4.评价内容 一般来说,学位论文评价包括下列几个方面:
(1)论文选题 论文选题主要看是否属于学科前沿,研究工作是否有理论意义和实用价值。如果在国内,列入国家973专案计划、863计划、国家自然科学基金、国家科技攻关项目的选题,大多是属于科学发展前沿,因为在项目立项过程中同行专家已经论证过,是同行关注的热点或重点。
(2)文献综述 主要看是否掌握了本学科领域相关的研究工作的最新动态和进展。文献综述有量与质两个方面,量的方面主要看是否围绕论文主题基本覆盖了本学科领域相关的主要文献,质的方面主要看是否综述本学科领域具有代表性的论文和有影响的主要文献。例如在本学科领域有影响的学术期刊和学术会议文献,有影响的.学者论著,应该在文献综述中体现。更重要的是,学位论文评语需要通过作者的文献综述,看是否概括、归纳出本学科、本研究方向发展的总体趋势、规律和待解决的问题。
(3)主要工作与创新点及其学术意义、价值 这是学位论文评价的核心内容。对于博士学位论文来说,要求研究工作具有创新性和系统性。评语不仅要列举、归纳、总结出提交审查论文的主要工作与创新点,而且还要指出其学术价值。
在学位论文评语写作中,一个突出的问题是,所评审的研究生学位论文中,一般作者已经对论文的主要工作与创新点作了归纳、总结,论文评阅者不能简单地照搬照抄,而是应该从更高的高度,更广的视野,总结、评价论文的工作与创新。
(4)论文写作 论文写作是学位论文评价的一个重要方面。主要审查论文写作是否层次清楚,条理分明,实验资料是否可*,推论是否科学正确。通过论文写作,也可看出作者是否有一丝不苟的工作作风,论文的条理性与系统性也是研究工作是否有系统性的一个反映。
(5)存在的问题与建议 任何一项研究工作,无论是高水准的还是低层次的,都不可避免地存在问题,这本是无可非议、众所周知的。但是,一般来说,以前相当一段时间,国内学术界在写学位论文评语时,生怕指出过于尖锐的问题会影响对论文的整体评价,从而只作肯定的评价,不指出研究工作存在的问题。近年来,一些重点院校学位论文评价中,专门设了存在问题一栏,有不少专家如实地给予指出,起到了非常好的效果。其实,客观来说,对待论文取得的成果与存在的问题的关系要具体分析,不能一概而论。存在问题多或者大,并不一定说明论文整体上没有创造性成果或成果价值小。
(6)评语结论 通过对申请博士学位论文的评阅审查,评语结论应该包括或隐含着下列内容:
a.学位论文是否反映出作者在本门学科上掌握坚实宽广的基础理论和系统深入的专门知识;
b.学位论文的研究工作是否能反映出作者具有独立从事科学研究工作的能力;
c.论文研究工作是否在科学或专门技术上做出了创造性的成果。
最后的评语结论与评阅人的身份有关。笔者认为,如是学位论文导师,定位比较准确的最终结论拟为:论文达到了博士学位论文的要求,同意提交同行专家审查。如是同行评审专家,拟为:论文达到了博士学位论文的要求,同意(或建议)组织论文答辩委员会安排答辩。如是论文答辩委员会,拟为:经答辩委员会无记名投票,全票(×票)通过×××同学博士学位论文答辩,同意(或建议)授予(工学)博士学位。或:经答辩委员会无记名投票,全票(×票)通过×××同学博士学位论文答辩,同意毕业,同意(或建议)授予(工学)博士学位。
5.范例欣赏
下面是一则学位论文评语,本人认为是一篇值得欣赏的评语例文:
将计算机辅助设计技术覆盖产品设计的全过程是当前CAD研究的主要内容。传统意义下的CAD技术着重于辅助产品的详细设计和绘图输出,因而有较大的局限性。本文以图形单元作为产品设计资讯的载体,通过运动分析、功能映射、变型设计、关联设计等手段,将计算机辅助设计技术全面地融入产品概念设计过程,取得了一系列有创造性的研究成果:
1.将零件结构划分为零件、功能结构和基因单元三个层次,以功能结构为单位组织基因单元,有利于实现基于功能的零件概念设计。
2.提出了产品骨架单元的提取方法,通过插入、删除、替代、分解、整合、克隆、派生等多种骨架单元置换手段,在保持功能不变的条件下,对产品进行变型设计。与传统的基于尺寸的产品参数化设计不同,上述变形设计能导致产品结构的变化,因而为创新型设计提供了有效的CAD手段。骨架单元表示完整地体现了该结构与产品中其他结构的约束关系。在保证产品中各结构单元有序性、一致性的前提下,减少了所附加大数据量,有利于在概念设计中,对设计方案反复进行斟酌与修改。
3.在关联设计中,归纳总结了五种关联的约束模型,为详细设计阶段自动生成导出单元提供了设计依据。
4.以图形单元置换、叠代技术为核心,构造了单元化产品信息建模原型系统。在此基础上开发了MCADDS系统,并在冲剪机床设计XJD型转辙机传统系统设计中获得了成功的应用。
5.论文内容丰富、条理清晰、结构完整,特别是在运用CAD技术辅助产品的变型设计以及在设计过程中对设计方案的反复修改方面有重要突破。本文是一篇优秀的博士学位论文,建议提交答辩。
6.结束语 从某种角度来说,研究生学位论文评语既是对研究生学位论文研究工作的评价,也反映了评阅人综合水平。既反映了评阅人的学术水平,也反映了评阅人的写作文风。它属于应用写作中一种专业应用文写作,值得我们研究。
这两个是两回事吧。当然是期刊等级重要