To Regain the Nature of Goodness
-- Review of ‘Oliver Twist’
Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works of Charles Dickens’, is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in Britain in 18th century.
The author who himself was born in a poor family wrote this novel in his twenties with a view to reveal the ugly masks of those cruel criminals and to expose the horror and violence hidden underneath the narrow and dirty streets in London.
The hero of this novel was Oliver Twist, an orphan, who was thrown into a world full of poverty and crime. He suffered enormous pain, such as hunger, thirst, beating and abuse. While reading the tragic experiences of the little Oliver, I was shocked by his sufferings. I felt for the poor boy, but at the same time I detested the evil Fagin and the brutal Bill. To my relief, as was written in all the best stories, the goodness eventually conquered devil and Oliver lived a happy life in the end. One of the plots that attracted me most is that after the theft, little Oliver was allowed to recover in the kind care of Mrs. Maylie and Rose and began a new life. He went for walks with them, or Rose read to him, and he worked hard at his lessons. He felt as if he had left behind forever the world of crime and hardship and poverty.
How can such a little boy who had already suffered oppressive affliction remain pure in body and mind? The reason is the nature of goodness. I think it is the most important information implied in the novel by Dickens-he believed that goodness could conquer every difficulty. Although I don’t think goodness is omnipotent, yet I do believe that those who are kind-hearted live more happily than those who are evil-minded.
For me, the nature of goodness is one of the most necessary character for a person. Goodness is to humans what water is to fish. He who is without goodness is an utterly worthless person. On the contrary, as the famous saying goes, ‘The fragrance always stays in the hand that gives the rose’, he who is with goodness undoubtedly is a happy and useful person. People receiving his help are grateful to him and he also gets gratified from what he has done, and thus he can do good to both the people he has helped and himself.
To my disappointment, nowadays some people seem to doubt the existence of the goodness in humanity. They look down on people’s honesty and kindness, thinking it foolish of people to be warm-hearted. As a result, they show no sympathy to those who are in trouble and seldom offer to help others. On the other hand, they attach importance to money and benefit. In their opinion, money is the only real object while emotions and morality are nihility. If they cannot get profit from showing their ‘kindness’, they draw back when others are faced with trouble and even hit a man when he is down. They are one of the sorts that I really detest.
Francis Bacon said in his essay, ‘Goodness, of all virtues and dignities of the mind, is the greatest, being the character of the Deity, and without it, man is a busy, mischievous, wretched thing, no better than a kind of vermin.’
That is to say a person without goodness is destined to lose everything. Therefore, I, a kind person, want to tell those ‘vermin-to-be’ to learn from the kind Oliver and regain the nature of goodness.
对于处于善性品德之中
“雾都孤儿——回顾”
雾都孤儿》,其中最著名的作品的查尔斯•狄更斯的《反映,是一种新型的悲惨的现实,在18世纪的英国的生活。
作者自己出生在一个贫穷的家庭写这本书在他二十几岁时为了揭示丑陋的面具的残酷的罪犯,让恐怖和暴力隐藏在狭窄的,肮脏的街道在伦敦。
这本小说是的英雄,《雾都孤儿孤儿,谁被投进了的世界充满着贫穷和犯罪。他遭受巨大的痛苦,如饥饿、干渴、殴打和虐待。在阅读《悲惨的经历的小奥利弗,我感到震惊的是他的痛苦经历。我觉得为了可怜的男孩子,但同时我厌恶邪恶和残酷Fagin帐单。使我松了口气,写在所有最好的故事,最终征服了魔鬼,奥利佛善过上了幸福美满的生活结束。一个最吸引我的计谋是盗窃,小奥利弗被允许这种康复照顾夫人Maylie和玫瑰开始了一种新的生活。他去散步,与他们,或玫瑰念给他听,他努力学习功课。他感到他先前留下的世界永远犯罪和困难和贫穷。
怎能一个小男孩已经遭受苦难保持纯洁的压迫身体和心灵吗?原因是处于善性品德之中。我认为这是最重要的信息的小说中隐含Dickens-he相信善良能战胜一切困难。虽然我并不认为善良是无所不能的,我却相信,那些都是善良的过的更幸福的人比那些是愚昧无知。
对我来说,处于善性的品德是其中一个最必要的个性的一个人。善良是给人类就像鱼儿离不开水一样。谁是没有良善是一个完全无用的人。相反,正如著名的老话所说:“香味的手总是待在给玫瑰”,他谁是美德无疑是一种快乐和有用的人。人们接受他的帮助也感谢他,他也得称心的从他所做的,所以都做的好事的人,他帮助和他自己。
令我失望的是,如今,一些人似乎怀疑在人类存在的善。他们看不起人的诚实和仁慈,他们认为愚蠢的民众的热心。结果,他们不会表现出任何同情那些有麻烦的人,很少提供帮助别人。另一方面,他们重视金钱和利益。他们认为,钱是唯一真正的对象,而同时情感和道德是虚无。如果他们不能得益于显示了他们的爱心”他们拉开,当别人面对麻烦,甚至落井下石。他们是,以致于我真的种类当以为可憎。
弗朗西斯·培根说,在他的散文,‘良善,所有美德中与尊严心中的希望,是最大的,是神的特点,没有它,人是一个忙,有害,可怜的东西,不比一种vermin.”
也就是说一个人没有良善是注定会输的,一切。因此,我,一个善良的人,想告诉那些的vermin-to-be的学习种奥利佛和恢复处于善性品德之中。
（不是上面的，不过有点长，。。很长）
oliver twist（1838）is charles dickens'secondnovel.the book was originally published inbentley's miscellany as a serial，in monthly installments that began appearing in themonth of february 1837 and continued throughapril 1839，originally intended to form part ofdickens’serial the mudfog papers.george cruik shank provided one steel etching per month to is ustrate each installment.oliver twist is the first novel in the english language to center throughout on a child protagonist and is also notable for dickens'unromantic portrayal of criminals and their sordid lives.the book’s subtitle，the parishboy's progress，alludes to bunyan’s thehlgrim'sprogress andalsoto apairofpopular18th-century caricature series by william hogarth，a rake's progress and a harlot's progress.among other public buildings in a certain town，which for many reasons it will be prudent to refrain from mentioning.and to which 1will assign no fictitious name，there is one anciently common to mosttowns，great or small：to wit，a workhouse；and in this workhouse wasborn；on a day and date which i need not trouble myself to repeat，inasmuch as it can be 0f no possible consequence to the reader,inthis stage of the business at a11 events；the item of mortality whosename is prefixed to the head of this chapten for a 10ng time after it was ushered into this world of sorrow andtrouble，by the parish surgeon，it remained a matter of considerable doubt whether the child would survive to bearany name at all；in which case it is somewhatmore than probable that these memoirs would never have appeared；or,if they had，that being comprised within a couple of pages，they wouldhave possessed the inestimable merit of beingthe most concise and faithful specimen of biograph$extant in the literature of any age or country. 作者简介：charles dickens（1812-1870），themost popular english novelist ofthe victorian era，was a vigoroussocial campaigner，both in hisown personal endeavours as wellas through the recurrent themesof his literary enterprise.the popularity of dickens'snovels and short stories hasmeant that they have never gone out of print.many of dickens’snovels first appeared inperiodicals and magazines inserialized form-a popular formatfor fiction at the time-and.unlike many other authors whocompleted entire novels beforeserial production commenced，dickens 0ften composed hisworks in parts，in the order inwhichtheyweremeanttoappear.such a practice lent his stories aparticular rhythm，punctuated byone minor“cliffhanger”afteranother，to keep the publiclooking forward to the nextjnstallment
1838年《雾都孤儿》是查尔斯·狄更斯'secondnovel.the书最早出版inbentley的备注作为连载,按月分期付款,开始于二月至1837年,并持续throughapril 1839年,最初的一部分ofdickens 'serial mudfog papers.george铁心cruik提供一种钢蚀刻每月每installment.oliver是ustrate扭曲是第一个英语小说的语言中心在一个孩子的主角,'unromantic狄更斯的小说《远大前程》亦殊刻画的罪犯及其犯罪不干净的lives.the书的副标题来看,parishboy的进步,暗指'sprogress andalsoto apairofpopular18th-century bunyan的thehlgrim系列漫画,威廉·斯雷克的和妓女的progress.among其它公共建筑,在一座城里的原因,为许多明智的,不mentioning.and 1will分配没有虚拟的名里,那里就有是一个普通的多表代换密码mosttowns,不管大或小:智慧,一个版本,在这个版本,wasborn日期一天,我不用烦恼自己重复一遍,因为不透明的可能结果可以给读者,在此阶段的业务项目活动,确实是whosename死亡率前缀的头,这chapten后10ng时间到这世上迎来了andtrouble悲哀的,由教区的外科医生,它仍是一种相当怀疑这个孩子本来是活到bearany的名字;在这种情况下,它是可能somewhatmore这些回忆录就不会出现;或者,如果他们有组成,就是在不到两个页面的优点wouldhave拥有无价的beingthe最简明、忠信的biograph标本的文学在本省现存美元,任何年龄或国家。
《雾都孤儿》是一部非常成功的作品，是狄更斯这位享誉盛名的代表作之一，它揭露了隐藏在伦敦狭小、肮脏的偏僻街道里的恐怖和暴力，也展示出了18世纪伦敦罪犯的真实面目；同时，狄更斯还试图说明：善良最终能够克服一切艰难险阻。《雾都孤儿》不仅吸引了评论家和公众的注意，同时它背后潜藏着的那一种强烈的情感不仅打动了与他同时代的读者，也深深地打动了我。
《雾都孤儿》中主人公的英文名字为Oliver Twist，而Twist其英文意思是“扭曲，曲折，使苦恼”，这暗示着主人公Oliver的一生很坎坷，要经历很多的痛苦。在这个对社会进行抗议的情节剧式的小说中，奥利弗被当作一个主人公，其目的不是要触动我们的文学敏感性，而是要打动我们的情感。
奥立弗·退斯特出生于19世纪30年代英国的一所济贫院，他妈妈用冰冷而毫无血色的嘴唇怜爱地在孩子的额头亲了一下后倒过去，咽了气。没父没母的奥立弗的童年过得极其凄惨，最初的9年是生活在一个管理不善的孤儿院，之后被转到收容成年人的济贫院。济贫院是维多利亚时期中产阶级建立的用来收养穷孩子的机构，因为人们认为穷人的身上有固有的恶习，穷人的家庭造就了这样的恶习，为了阻止这样的恶习产生，所以穷人夫妻就要分开，以阻止他们生孩子，从而减少下层社会的人。但可以这样形容当时的济贫院：济贫院给穷人提供的是慢性挨饿的机会，而在街头则是快速饿死。奥利弗和他的小伙伴们忍受着“慢性饥饿的折磨”。曾给我留下一个特别深刻印象的镜头是：一天晚上吃饭时，一个小孩子跟其他小孩子说，如果不给他多吃一碗粥，说不定会吃了谁。孩子们都很害怕，于是抓阄决定谁输了就要为那个孩子多要点吃的来。奥立弗输了，于是午饭后，其他孩子坚持奥立弗在晚饭时多要点食物。他的请求震惊了当局，结果使他们出5英镑作为酬金，要人把他从他们手上带走。因而可见，《雾都孤儿》是对维多利亚时期穷人的社会境遇的严厉批判。
《雾都孤儿》的起势情节是：绝望之中的奥立弗在黎明中出逃，奔向伦敦，在伦敦城外，又饿又累的他遇到了一个与他相仿年纪的男孩—杰克，杰克让他住在自己的恩人费金的住处——实际上是一个窃贼之家，费金这个“枯瘦如柴的犹太老头”兼职为犯罪头头专门训练孤儿为他偷东西。经过几天的训练，奥立弗和其他两个小孩被派去偷东西。当奥立弗看到他们偷了一个老绅士的手绢的时候，吓得拔腿就逃，他被抓住了，但勉强地躲过了指控，没有因偷盗被定罪。布朗罗先生，就是手绢的被偷者，把发烧的奥立弗带回家中护理，让他恢复健康，原本以为黑暗的生活会远离他而去，但是费金贼帮里的两个大人赛克斯和他的情人南希把奥立弗抓住，并送回费金那里。在《雾都孤儿》中，颇具争议性问题的人物是南希。南希在道德上的复杂性在几位主要人物中是很独特的。南希自幼便是一个小偷，饮酒无度，而且是一个妓女，她所陷入的罪恶为她的社会所不齿，但当她牺牲自己的生命去保护奥立弗这个她并不是很熟悉的小孩时，她的行为又是最为高尚的。正因为南希，奥立弗被狄更斯掩藏下的真实身份才有了渐渐浮出水面的一刻。
随后，费金派奥立弗去帮助赛克斯抢劫。奥立弗被那家的仆人用枪击中，赛克斯弃下受伤的奥立弗逃跑了。上天可怜善良的奥立弗，他被住在那里的梅莱太太和她漂亮的养女露西收留了。奥立弗开始了一种新生活。他常常与露西和梅莱太太外出散步，有时露西读书给他听，他也努力地学习功课。他觉得自己好像永远把罪恶，艰辛和贫困的世界抛在背后了。小说中，梅莱太太和露西所担任的母性角色使奥立弗第一次生活在正常的家庭当中，在她们母亲般的关爱下，奥立弗在乡下度过了美好的夏天。并且在梅莱一家的帮助下，布朗罗先生和奥立弗又团聚了，并消除了彼此间的误会。随后，布朗罗先生找到孟可思，追问奥立弗的真实身世，真相终于大白。原来孟可思是奥立弗同母异父的，和费金一起密谋陷害奥立弗，使之声名狼藉，并且是病态的，品行不端的坏兄弟，而且还查明了露西是奥立弗的亲生阿姨。
小说的最后总结了狄更斯的道德和宗教观念：如果没有强烈的爱，没有博爱之心，如果对以慈悲为准则，以博爱一切生灵为最高标志的上帝不知感恩，那是绝对得不到幸福的，因而，有罪恶的得到了严厉的惩罚，穷凶恶及的人物到最后仍承担着罪恶，相应的，好人终究有好报，布朗罗先生收养了品性善良，道德高尚，宽容仁慈的奥立弗，他们和梅莱一家一起回乡下，从此过着幸福的生活。
先不说内容，首先格式要正确，一篇完整的毕业论文，题目，摘要（中英文），目录，正文（引言，正文，结语），致谢，参考文献。学校规定的格式，字体，段落，页眉页脚，开始写之前，都得清楚的，你的论文算是写好了五分之一。
然后，选题，你的题目时间宽裕，那就好好考虑，选一个你思考最成熟的，可以比较多的阅读相关的参考文献，从里面获得思路，确定一个模板性质的东西，照着来，写出自己的东西。如果时间紧急，那就随便找一个参考文献，然后用和这个参考文献相关的文献，拼出一篇，再改改。
正文，语言必须是学术的语言。一定先列好提纲，这就是框定每一部分些什么，保证内容不乱，将内容放进去，写好了就。
参考文献去中国知网搜索，校园网免费下载。
《雾都孤儿》中人物的创造性叛逆——重塑
《雾都孤儿》中的南希形象剖析
小说《雾都孤儿》中前景化特征的文体分析
污浊社会里的纯真——《雾都孤儿》中反映出的良知
