整理英文论文常用方法及举例：
1. 常用的论证方法
(1) 归纳法：从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论。
(2) 推理法：从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行论证、分析，然后得出结论。
(3) 对照法：把正反两方面相互对照，然后加以分析。
(4) 驳论法：先列出错误观点，然后逐条加以批驳，最后阐明自己的观点。
议论文的主要表达方式是议论，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写的手法，这些都是为议论的开展创造条件，为论点提供根据的。因此叙述要概括，描写要简洁。
高中英语议论文大多有具体要点的限定，在写作过程中要注意逻辑严密，结构清晰。
2. 写作过程中的注意事项
(1) 写好主题句
主题句必须明确、突出，必须能高度概括所在段落的论据，它的关键词应该在每一个论据中都有重复或适当体现。好的主题句有助于下文的展开论述。所以那种简单、片面的描述或说明的句子是不能够充当主题句的。
(2) 论述要围绕中心
论述要围绕展开，论据要围绕主题句来进行罗列，行文才合逻辑。
(3) 结构清晰
议论文的写作有其约定俗成的议论模式，即从“主题句—论述—结论”去营造文章的基本结构
作文常用句式总结开头
Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.
最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.
Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题.
Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.
如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.
It is commonly believed that… / It is a common belief that…
人们一般认为…
Many people insist that…
很多人坚持认为…
With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…
随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…
A lot of people seem to think that…
很多人似乎认为…
引出不同观点:
People’s views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However, others believe that…. 人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为．．．
People may have different opinions on… 人们对…可能会有不同的见解.
Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. 人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.
There are different opinions among people as to… 关于…. 人们的观点大不相同.
Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.
结尾
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…
把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…
Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…
考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论…
Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that…
因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…
There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.
毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.
All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.
提出建议:
It is high time that we put an end to the (trend). 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.
It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …
该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of …
毫无疑问,对…问题应予以足够的重视.
Obviously,…. If we want to do something… , it is essential that…
显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是…
Only in this way can we… 只有这样,我们才能…
It must be realized that… 我们必须意识到…
预示后果:
Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger.
很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.
No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…
毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…
It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.
很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.
论证
From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.
在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.
I cannot entirely agree with the idea that… 我无法完全同意这一观点….
Personally, I am standing on the side of … 就个人而言,我站在…的一边.
I sincerely believe that… 我真诚地相信…
In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do….
在我个人看来,做…比做…更明智.
Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why…
给出原因:
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …
这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先, … 第二, … 第三, …
Why did… ? For one thing… For another…. Perhaps the primary reason is…
为什么会…? 一个原因是… 令一个原因是… 或许其主要原因是….
I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows.
我十分赞同这一论述,即…,其主要原因如下:
列出解决办法:
Here are some suggestions for handling… 这是如何处理某事的一些建议.
The best way to solve the troubles is… 解决这些麻烦的最好办法是…
People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. 人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.
批判错误观点和做法:
As far as something is concerned, …. 就某事而言,…
It was obvious that… 很显然,….
It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that… 可能…是对的,但这并不意味着…
It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that…
认为….是很自然的,但我们不应忽视….
There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明…
如何连接
强调
still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.
比较
like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.
对比
by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.
列举
for example, for instance, such as, take …for example. Except (for), to illustrate.
时间
later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.
顺序
first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.
可能
presumably, probably, perhaps.
解释
in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.
递进
What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.
让步
although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.
转折
however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately. whereas
原因
for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.
结果
as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.
总结
on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.
其他
Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,
图表作文常用句型
As is shown in the graph… 如图所示…
The graph shows that… 图表显示…
As can be seen from the table,… 从表格中可以看出…
From the chart, we know that… 从这张表中,我们可知…
All these data clearly prove the fact that… 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即…
The increase of …. In the city has reached to 20%. ….在这个城市的增长已达到20%.
In 1985, the number remained the same. 1985年,这个数字保持不变.
There was a gradual decline in 1989. 1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况.
四步法打造高分高考英语作文
如果你曾经为英语作文日日伤心以泪洗面，如果你曾经面对作文题目苦思冥想头脑里天马行空却不知如何动笔，如果你看到发下来的卷子上英语作文上犯的一些小错误后感到痛心疾首大呼懊恼，那么这套流程对你来说应该有一定参考价值。
第一步，审题。
拿到题目后，手中拿铅笔，手脑眼嘴并用，开始审题。看题目的要求是什么，要点是什么，特殊要求是什么。譬如你是叫李华，还是随便一个名字？ 要议论文还是记叙文？对分几段写有无要求？等等。诸如此类的硬性要求信息，都最好用铅笔划下来，以免出错，也许你一开始会记得，可随着时间的流逝，你会不会因紧张而遗忘这些信息呢？还是小心为妙。边看最好边张嘴默读，这样就不会遗漏或忽略任何一个字了。 (收集整理)
第二步，草稿。
有的同学怕出错，全文都打草稿再誊写，我姑且认为不太可取，毕竟考场时间宝贵，即使我有四十分钟时间写作文也不敢贸然这么做，更何况考场时我们留给作文的时间往往一再被压缩。有的同学不打草稿，我认为更不太可取。一来容易出错，二来边写边想思维不连贯，即使思维连贯也无法审词酌句，展现自己最好的一面，容易后悔。
草稿怎么打？ (收集整理:英语作文网)
1.结构就是你打算分几段写，每段都写什么？哪段转哪段承哪段起合？心里都要是有谱的。
2.关键词：结构拟定后，迅速在草稿纸上写下自己这篇作文可能用到的一些关键词。包括一些漂亮的词和自己可能会忘记的词。主要是动词和名词。
譬如一省作文题： 假设你的名字是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办，现招募志愿者。你希望成为志愿者。申请信的格式已经写好了，你直接写内容就可以。你的个人情况：年龄性别学历，个人条件。英语好，爱好体育，擅长交际，乐于助人。承诺提供最佳服务。
关键词就是学历、爱好、擅长、乐于、承诺，和你对这篇作文初步构思时想到的一些词。先把这些词（指词的英文表达）写在纸上。有一些词的拼写，譬如学历，可能你本身就记得不是特别清楚，这时一定要在开始写作文前先把它写下来，以免一会因干扰而遗忘。
可能看到聪明这个关键词时，你最初写下的往往是clever，再仔细想想，你是不是又想到了smart,deligient好多词，挑个漂亮和合适的用吧。再比如转折，你写了but，这会再想想，是不是又有一堆表示转折的词在你脑里打转呢？挑一个吧。千万别用but.
3.句式：词写下来了，其实你构建这篇作文的建筑材料就到位了，下步就是要把它们盖成漂亮的作文。先用最普通的陈述句把它们在头脑中过一遍，然后看看都能改成什么句式。能不能把一句陈述句改成问句？能不能用上一个双重否定句？能不能用一个主语从句套定语从句的长句？能不能用一个插入语？等等。把你高中三年的英语积累展示出来。在草稿纸上同样标注。
第三步：正式写。
这样的草稿打完后，就要快快写了。注意，英语作文的卷面简直太重要了，一定要把字写整齐，写大。没有把握的词和句子不用。别忘了遵守你最初用铅笔划下的题目的规定。 (英语作文网收集整理)
第四步：检查。
注意，最最重要的一步来了。尽管很小心，可是我们写英语作文还是会犯下很多错误。单词拼写的，大小写的，等等。这些错误会极大破坏我们在阅卷老师心目中的形象，一定要坚决誓死消灭。即使时间再紧，请务必留下1——2分钟检查作文的时间，消除隐性错误。
需要说明的是，英语的开头和结尾是最关键的，尤其是开头。基本上，不跑题，遵守题目要求，一个漂亮的开头，一个还过得去的结尾，2-3个高级词汇，1-2个漂亮的句子，加上整齐的字迹，作文的分就不会低了哦。所以，精心为你的作文想个漂亮的开头吧。
高考英语作文优秀范文（1）
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。请你谈谈对此的想法并如何行动。
Almost everyone knows the famous Chinese saying: A young idler, an old beggar. Throughout history, we have seen many cases in which this saying has again and again proved to be true.
It goes without saying that the youth is the best time of life, during which one’s mental and physical states are at their peaks. It takes relatively less time and pains to learn or accept new things in a world full of changes and rapid developments. In addition, one is less likely to be under great pressure from career, family and health problems when young. Therefore, a fresh mind plus enormous energy will ensure success in different aspects of life.
Of course, we all know: no pains, no gains. If we don’t make every effort to make good use of the advantages youth brings us, it is impossible to achieve any goals. As students, we should now try our best to learn all the subjects well so that we can be well prepared for the challenges that we will face in the future.
高考英语作文优秀范文（2）
Good Manners
Good manners are necessary because one is judged by his manners. One’s manners not only show what kind of education he has received and what his social position is, but they also tend to show what his nature is.
Good manners means good behaviour in social communication. A person with good manners is always agreeable companion, because he is always thinking of others and respect others. He will not push through a crowd, but wait quietly for his turn to advance. Good manners are not the exceptionally great deeds but they can tell that the person who possesses them is a man of highest standards.
To learn good manners, one must first of all bear in mind that they arise from one’s daily behaviour—the way he responds to others and the manner he behaves in front of people. To be a man of good manners, he must be genuinely polite to others and show respect for others. In short, politeness costs nothing and gains everything.
高考英语作文优秀范文（3）
人们大量捕杀动物，请你就这一看法发表自己的看法。
As is often read in the newspaper reports, wild life especially the rare species is threatened with extinction. Human beings are making attempts to hunt wild animals for a big profit., which, of course, results in a sharp decrease in the number of animals. So it is high time for us to take quick action to protect them. First of all, it’s quite necessary for every citizen to realize the importance of animal protection. Only by knowing its importance can people develop a sense of responsibility. People will surely take it for granted to have the duty to prevent any killing of wild animals. So a national publicity campaign should be launched, thus giving animals a good living environment. In addition, the government should pass some laws to forbid any hunting of rare animals. We don’t expect anything harmful to wild life to happen again.
If everyone is involved in the protection of wild life, we’re sure man will be a good friend of animals rather than their enemy.
高考英语作文优秀范文（4）
What is a good parent-children relationship?
A good parent-children relationship should be set up on the basis mutual understanding and respect. Parents can not impose their ideas on their children. They should treat their children as independent individual. It is advisable for the parents to learn to listen to children’s ideas and encourage them to think on their own rather than decide everything for the children. On the other hand, children should listen to their parents’ advice for they’re more experienced. Try to be understanding when there is disagreement with parents. Always keep one thing in min---whatever they do comes from their love for us. It is necessary children to exchange ideas with parents from time to time so that the gap between parents and children will be narrowed.
(5)假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Bob将于九月到你所在城市的建新华文学校学中文，来信请你在学校附近为他找一套住房。请根据图画提供的信息，写信介绍住房的情况，并告知住房面积为25平方米，月租500元。
注意：
1．词数：100左右：
2．参考词汇：房租—Tent(n.).
参考范文（共四篇）
第一篇
Dear Bob,
I’m very happy to receive your letter, and I’m glad to hear that you will go to China to learn Chinese here. I have already found a fiat for you. It is on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. Bus No.11 can take you there, and it is one stop before the Chinese School. The flat is on the third floor with 3 rooms, one of which is bedroom, the other two are bathroom and kitchen. There are a bed, a sofa, a desk and some chairs in this 25 square-metres small fiat, and the rent is 500 yuan per month. Maybe this fiat is not as good as your wish, but I’ll try my best to meet your needs. If it is not suitable enough, write to me and I will look for another better place.
Hope you will come here soon!
All the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
(6)TO RISE EARLY （论早起）
I do not know the reason why some people want to get up late. They will never have the opportunity to enjoy (of enjoying) the fresh air and calmness of the morning. This is indeed a quite regrettable thing.
To rise early is a good habit (which) we should cultivate. Why? Because the best time when we can pursue our studies is in the morning. In addition, early rising is also good to our health. I hope that everybody our knows the reason why we must rise early.
译文：
我不知道某些人要晚起的理由。他们永不会有机会来享受早晨的新鲜空气和宁静。这真是一件发令人遗憾的事情。早起是我们应该养成的一种良好习惯。为什么？因为早晨是我们从事学业的大好时间。再者，早起对我们健康也有益处。我希望每个人应该知道我们必须早起的理由。
(8)有关奥运的英语作文
The Olympic Games (often referred to simply as The Olympics or The Games) is an international multi-sport event subdivided into summer and winter sporting events. The summer and winter games are each held every four years. Until 1992, they were held in the same year. Since then, they have been celebrated two years apart.
The original Olympic Games began in 776 BCE in Olympia, Greece, and were celebrated until CE 393. In 1896, the ancient Olympic Games were revived at the initiative of a French nobleman, Pierre Frédy, Baron de Coubertin, thus beginning the era of the Modern Olympic Games.Since the first modern games, in Athens, Greece, participation in the Olympic Games has increased to include athletes from nearly all nations worldwide. With the improvement of satellite communications and global telecasts of the events, the Olympics are consistently gaining supporters.The most recent Summer Olympics were the 2004 Games in Athens and the most recent Winter Olympics were the 2006 Games in Turin. The upcoming games in Beijing are planned to comprise 302 events in 28 sports. As of 2006, the Winter Olympics were competed in 84 events in 7 sports.
2008年高考英语书面表达三大技巧
（一）掌握技巧：
（1）注意篇章结构，合理布局
开始部分（opening paragraph）——说出文中的要点、核心问题。
正文部分（Body paragraphs）——围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。
结尾部分（concluding paragraphs）——对全文的总结和概括。
要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系，内容完整、连贯。前后呼应，祛除与主题无关的内容.
（2）确定主题句
主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。
写主题句应注意以下几点：
①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点
②提炼出一句具有概括性的话
③主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者。
（二）巧用连接词
要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词
表示罗列增加
First, second, third,
First, then / next, after that / next, finally
For one thing … for another…,
On (the) one hand…on the other hand,
Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also,
Especially / In particular,
表示时间顺序
now, at present, recently,
after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,
at first, in the beginning, to begin with,
later, next, finally,
immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment
form now on, from then on,
at the same time, meanwhile,
till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,
表示解释说明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover
furthermore, in fact, actually
表示转折关系
but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other (英语作文网收集整理)
hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all,
表示并列关系
or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or, neither …nor
表示因果关系
because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that
表示条件关系
as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless
表示让步关系
though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever,
whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)
表示举例
for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example
表示比较
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…just like, just as,
表示目的
for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,
表示强调
in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all,
表示概括归纳
in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion,
其实写好高中英语作文只需把基本的语法掌握好了就行，不需多么复杂高级的语法（想作文满分另当别论）。主要是条理清楚，也就是把问题分析清楚。高中英语作文主要是议论文，常用结构是
第一段:描述一下题目的问题，适当引申一下
第二、三段：从正反两方面论证问题，不要夹杂个人的感情色彩
第四段：写出个人看法
我就是用这个方法，每次30分作文都不少于25.怎么样？给 我30分吧~^_^
