Getty Images It’s shortly after 10 a.m., and The Body—all 237 pounds of him—is in his cubicle, sifting through e-mails. I’m wedged next to his liver, sifting through the metabolic remains of his morning drink: Vitaminwater. It calls itself a “nutrient enhanced” beverage, a nutritious cocktail. Ha! It’s mostly sugar in a bottle, and I love it. It sneaks past the digestive system and lands in the liver, which converts it to fat and sends it straight to me. What a bonanza!
It’s a great time for me and my brethren fat cells. After millennia of toeing the line and giving up our stores whenever the muscles and nerves called on us, we’re now taking over. You don’t have to take my word for it. You can see it on the streets every day. More than 35 percent of adult Americans are obese. Not just overweight—obese. Cardiovascular disease? Type 2 diabetes? Cancer? Not my problem. I’m livin’ large.By 11 a.m.,The Body’s starving. That muffin he had for breakfast provided plenty of calories, but they don’t satisfy him the way they used to. See, it’s my job to send a hormone signal—called leptin—to the brain so it makes The Body feel full. It used to work like a charm. But these days, I pump leptin like it’s a Middle Eastern oil well, and it just floats around in the bloodstream, aimless. With all that excess insulin swirling around to help The Body sop up his extra sugar intake, the brain doesn’t receive my usual leptin signal and issue the “you’re stuffed, stop eating” message. So he’s more apt to feel hungry soon after he finishes eating.Life is sweet—saccharine, really. But it wasn’t always. I remember 40 years ago (The Body was barely a teenager) when I was born along with many of my fatty friends (puberty, the school nurse called it, which is when most adult fat cells should finish forming). I’d wait all day for some spare fatty acids I could store. Back then, most of the nutrition got used up. We fat cells would swell slightly, then shrink again. Those were lean times.But I’m not going anywhere. I mean that literally. Fat cells never disappear. We’re virtually indestructible. The Body can deprive me of the greasy good stuff, and I’ll wither—but when he hits the drive-through again, I’ll rebound faster than he can say “Supersize me!” In a normal body, fat cells are mostly done forming after puberty. But if you’re obese, your fat cells plump up so much that new ones can be created. And lately, my neighborhood’s been getting a little crowded. Every time a fellow fat cell fills up and hits its maximum storage capacity, a new fat cell pops up next door. I’ve heard that a normal body has around 40 billion fat cells, but The Body rolls deep—in here, there are 80 billion just like me!I’m pretty lucky. Back when The Body went off to college, he developed a soda habit. At almost every lunch, he’d knock one back. It was a special treat, and I’d snag a few fat droplets from the liver each time and store them up. He liked the caffeine, too, the pep it gave him in the afternoon. Soon enough, after The Body graduated and found a job, he needed another can of soda just to push through the midafternoon slump. That was the start of my glory years.
Nephron via Wikimedia Commons Hear that? The Body’s opening a can of soda as he digs in to his low-fat microwave lasagna. He’s trying to cut back, shed a few pounds—and hey, if you’re trying to lose weight, it makes sense to eat less fat. But have you ever tried lasagna without butter or oil? Tastes like cardboard. So there’s extra salt and sugar to compensate, and it’s still easy for me to convert some of that sugar to fat and squirrel it away. He has no idea!The poor sap. Back in college, when The Body skied or cycled almost every weekend, his weight was under control. His diet had a lot less sugar, and his brain listened to my leptin warnings, quashing his hunger whenever I managed to plump up. I’d get a little ahead after a big weekend of beer and wings, inflate a tad. Then the next day he’d eat a bagel and apple for breakfast and jump on his bike. His muscles burned up all the handy glucose, and I’d be forced to break down some of my precious self into fatty acids and glycerol. I’d give glycerol to the liver, which would convert it into glucose to burn, and the fatty acids would go straight to the muscles for energy. I’d deflate and hunker down, waiting for his next binge.Now he polishes off the lasagna tray in six bites and swivels back to his computer, clicking and clacking through the afternoon. When he heaves himself from his chair to head home at 5 p.m., it’s the hardest his heart has had to work all day. I’m not worried, though—there’s plenty of fuel in his muscles to provide energy, so I never have to offer up any of myself to help. I’m lying low, laughing, confident I’ll never be called on to liquidate my stash.I get to relax during the hour-long commute home. What will I have for dinner tonight? Fried chicken? Burgers? But when The Body sags into his chair at the dinner table, he sees grilled chicken and salad. Lettuce, tomatoes, peppers… and what the heck is that, toasted pine nuts?! Oil-and-vinegar dressing, not even creamy ranch. Unfortunately, the salad’s fiber slows his digestion of the sugary dinner roll he snags from the basket. What gives? he asks. We’re eating healthy, says his wife. No more junk for dinner.This could be bad for me, but I know The Body, and true to form, he cracks a beer. Sweet relief! I can score fat out of a beer as well as a can of soda. The ethanol it contains is a derivative of sugar, so some of the boozy goodness goes through the liver and converts to fat. After dinner, he takes the dog out for a walk. Thankfully, a casual stroll won’t exert enough energy to dip into my storage. Even better, when he gets home, he plops down to watch the game. Conditioned to snack at night, he grabs a Rice Krispies square, a tiny sugar boost for me. He slides into bed around midnight, hoping for his usual six hours of sleep. While The Body snoozes, I get to relax too. He doesn’t rely on my stores during the middle of the night, so I’m waiting for morning and already pulsating. I know his lack of sleep will make him stressed, hungry, and more likely to crave sugary, high-carb foods. Mmm, maybe doughnuts for breakfast?
The earth scale change of climate has brought a new kind of natural disaster and the developed and complicated city system is holding a latent risk of expanding the damage artificially. Also people has been spoiling the health since the immense quantity of chemicals have been produced and already used in pursuit of convenience and various toxic substances have been produced unintentionally and accumulated in environment. Therefore, We need some countermeasures from the viewpoint to prevent the city environment form disaster and to manage environmental risks. So we will develop and improve a new risk management system and a disaster prevention system to preserve and create the city environment where people feel easy and sound in their life.
英语作文常见话题-环境保护
Protect Environment
Many people are active in fighting against unfair treatment to colored people, women , animals and so on. Right now I am talking about fighting for respect to our environment.
Though the environment doesn’t have a mouth to deprecate what humans have done to her, she retaliates through action. In the early years the Chinese cut down large quantities of trees, at the source of the yellow river, which led to the disappearance of big forests and terrible floods. As a result，the Huangtu plateau which was once covered with grass and forests was turned into barrens that supported fewer plants. Another example was in several developed countries. Because many chemical factories discharged poisonous gas without filtering it, cities were covered with so much poisonous gas that people were killed by the air they breathed in. What horrible scene!
What we are suffering is only a small part of what the nature once suffered. If we don’t take action to show respect to the environment, we will have to face an increasingly awful situation.
Measures should be taken to protect the environment on which we are relying. First governments should forbid destroying vegetation, rivers and lakes, oceans, as and the atmosphere as well. Second voices should be made to announce the public of the importance of protecting the environment. Third enterprises should pay special attention to the effect they have on the environment and work out solutions for the problems.
Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along well with it. Only by saving the environment can we save ourselves.
Where There Is Life, There Is Hope
你的能力有多大，成功就有多大。要想得到更多的回报，就不要吝啬付出。只要存在一丝生命的气息，那么我们的希望就不会破灭。
When I was in the 8th grade in Ohio, a girl named Helen in my class had a terrible accident. As she was running to the bus in order not to miss it, she slipped on some ice and fell under the rear wheels of the bus. She survived the accident, but was paralyzed from the waist down. I went to see her, in my 13yearold mind thinking she wouldn’t live normally from then on.
我在俄亥俄州读八年级时，班上有一个女孩名叫海伦，她遭遇了一场严重的车祸。她怕错过公交车，急匆匆地跑过去时，不慎踩到冰块，滑倒在后车轮下。她幸免于难，但腰部以下瘫痪了。去探望她时，13岁的我想，从此以后，她再也不能正常的生活了。
Over the years, I moved and didn’t think much about Helen after that. Three years ago, in Florida, my oldest son was hit by a car while riding his bike, causing a terrible brain injury. While I was looking after my son, a lady who said she was the hospital’s social worker called. It was a particularly trying day. I burst into tears for no reason and hung up.
数年后，我搬了家，也没有再想起过海伦。三年前，在佛罗里达州，我的大儿子骑车时被汽车撞倒，脑部受到严重创伤。在我照顾儿子期间，有一位女士打来电话，自称是医院义工。那是最难熬的日子，我毫无来由地失声痛哭，然后挂了电话。
A short time later, a beautiful woman, in a wheelchair, rolled into my son’s room with a box of tissues. After 16 years, I still recognized Helen. She smiled, handed me the tissues and hugged me. I told her who I was, and after we both got through the shock of that, she began to tell me about her life since we last saw each other. She had married, had children and gotten her degree so that she could smooth the path for those less fortunate than her. She told me that if there was anything she could give me, it would be hope.
不久，一位坐着轮椅的漂亮女士出现在儿子的病房，她手里拿着纸巾。16年以后，我仍然认出，是海伦。她微笑着，递纸巾给我，拥抱我。我告诉她自己是谁后，我们为此都非常震惊。她开始告诉我，我们分别后她的生活经历。她结婚生子，并获得了学位。这样她能为那些比自己更不幸的人们，点燃前进的希望。她告诉我，现在倘若她有什么可以给我的，那将是“希望”。
Looking at this wonderful, giving person, I felt small. But I also felt the first hope I had felt since learning that my son was hurt. From this person that I thought would have no quality of life, I learned that where there is life, there is hope. My son miraculously recovered and we moved back north, but I owe Helen a debt that I can never repay.
看着这位了不起又乐于奉献的女士，我深感渺小。但是，自从儿子受伤后，我也感受到了第一份希望。这位我曾以为没有生活质量的人让我明白：只要有生命，就有希望。儿子奇迹般地康复了，我们又搬回了北方。但是，我欠海伦的情谊将永远无法偿还
任何一种能力的培养和学习都是需要兴趣来支撑的。学习英语听说可以使英语不再枯燥无味，不再只是冷冰冰的单词和语法，而是一种生活的方式，一种快乐的实践。提高听说能力的最好方法就是把自己完全浸入英语的语言环境，在这里首推多看英文原版电影和电视剧。
美国好莱坞电影风靡全球，英文原声电影在我国随处可见，但大多数英语学习者对观看原声电影在英语学习中的策略及作用，存在诸多的疑虑。他们认为，看英语电影是“不务正业”的学习活动。通过观看原版电影，学习者可以更好地了解语言中的文化现象以及语言与文化之间的依存关系。比如，“Friends”以及“DesperateHousewives”等系列电影，备受许多成功英语学习者青睐。在观看过程中，我们不仅要注意学习鲜活的日常生活用语，学习“用英语说话”，而且要注意了解英语文化中特有的“喜怒哀乐”。这样，看电影并不只是一个简单的娱乐和消遣的过程，也是一个丰富英语语言文化知识、提高综合运用英语能力
那么我们都知道要想学好英语，应该先从听说入手。
英语听力基础差的学生，要注意选择自己喜欢的听力活动。比如，坚持看英语电影，就是提高听力的有效途径，因为电影图像中的视觉支持，使听力理解变得更为容易。在具备了基本听音能力之后，可以坚持听英语广播和英语讲座。这里，值得提醒的是，有效的听音过程包括复杂的学习活动。学习者除了注意模仿语音和语调之外，还应该学习和记忆听音材料中出现的新的语言知识，并注意区分正式口语、日常口语以及书面语的不同表达法。
由于电影都有完整的故事情节、优美动听的主题音乐，极具震撼力，与学生获取信息的渠道吻合，，因此合适的影片能给人带来美的享受，激发我们学习英语的兴趣。
语言就是环境的产物，所以大家在学习口语，特别是在练听力的时候，要不断地给自己映照出这种环境来。
看电影对学习英语最有帮助，世博外语的张峰校长表示，一定要看英文原版电影，不要看字幕，一直听下去，当你可以分清一句很长又被说的很快句子的单词个数的时候，就证明你的英文水平提高了
因为国内英语环境的缺乏造成国内英语学习者的口语学习困难,观看英文原版电影其实也是学英语的好途径.文章以风靡美国的情景喜剧《老友记》(Friends)为例,分别阐释了原版电影中的语音、句子与词汇、内容与题材以及文化和思维在英语口语学习中的提高作用。
然而，我们平常对于打招呼的话，习惯性的只有：How are you? How do you do? 两句，到底老外在现实生活里面是怎么说话的呢？看看美国电视剧收视神话《老友记》，里面6个年轻人天天和不同的人打招呼，整整10年了，都没有什么重复的话出现。里面大量的时髦日常用语，是大家学习美国口语挖掘不尽的宝藏。一句How you doing?换不同的语音语调，意思也马上随之改头换面。这样学习英语的过程将不再是suffering， 而是有所收获感到高兴的过程。
原版电英语句的随意性，不完整是它的主要特征。在英语学习过程中，我国的英语学习者接触的绝大部分是书面语体。而在英语影视剧中，口头体的语言材料是最重要的特征，具体表现为口语中流行的惯用表达方式、俚语以及相关的跨文化因素。
而在影视中，角色众多，根据剧情的要求，每个角色都有自身特有的语音、语调和语速，再加上连读、弱读等，这些与我们学习的英语听力材料相差甚远，故造成了难以看（听）懂英语原版影视的情况。
因此，看原版英语影视剧是练习英语听说的最好途径，影视剧通过声音与图像共同组成了完整的信息，将视觉刺激和听觉刺激有效地结合在一起，这是其它学习手段所不能达到的，同时还可以调动学习英语的兴趣，做到寓学于乐。
那么电影的作用在于：
1. 电影为语言的运用提供了更真实的情景，使用者更能领悟语言的意境。
近年来随着社会的不断发展,人们的文化生活丰富多彩。 人们对于文化的需求不断的上升。电影事业发展迅速，成为文化阵地的领头羊。往往一部电影的发行和放映，就引起一股社会的潮流和时尚。尤其是一些大片已经与人们的生活息息相关。一部大片的发行，人们争先恐后的观看。生怕走在时代的后面。中学生尤其如此。 大片无论从他的投资和制作都堪称为典范。其中的故事性强，情节曲折，语言考究并具有时代特色。除次之外，还有经过改编的经典文学巨著的影片，其包含的文化和历史可为文化的珠宝，永发光芒。从而使人们走进时间隧道，去遨游的最好去处。人们可以从中不断的汲取精神的营养。
电影中包含的语言及风俗习惯，以及历史事实是学生了解世界文化的窗口和主要手段。它可以最大程度的满足学生对于知识和文化的需求。电影中的人物特点，语言，行为举止的独特具有感染力。
然而，电影作为一种文化传播工具,提供了最好的语言情景,和最实用的语言.电影的对白配合上情景和人物的表情,不像我们课本上的文字那么枯燥,那么难以理解.如我们在观赏狮子王片段时,当辛巴和父亲一起在晨曦中眺望自己统治的辽阔疆域时,父亲讲到Look, Simba, everything the light touches is our kingdom…。那种唯美的画面和音乐不仅吸引了学生的注意力,也使学生很容易地理解了这句带有定语从句的复合句及他们所说的每一句话,更使他们充分感悟到了生命的价值和狮子王浓浓的父爱。而如果把这一段以书本的形式一字一句的交给学生是无法让他们体验到尊重生命的哲理的。我们还要花更多的时间使学生理解每一句话。这种学习语言的方式是机械的.常常是背了很多到用时还不能用的地道,也不能用的符合英语国家人的习惯。
就拿我国的国产影片来讲，近年来推出了不少脍炙人口，走向国际影坛的大片。电影《一个都不能少》“Not one less” ，《神话》， “The myth” 《英雄》 “Hero” 等电影都是用英语字幕，语言中渗透着浓厚的文化，但是从英语把他表现出来。而我们学生所运用的教材也有许多是汲取了电影的营养，使其丰满和具有时代气息。比如现行教材中许多材料都是围绕电影的话题来展开的。如高中第一册的第一单元 “GOOD FRIEND ” 中的阅读就是电影 “Cast away”就是例子。课文中以鲁宾逊的经历来引出话题，谈论如何认识到朋友的重要性及如何交朋友等。设想如果让学生欣赏该部影片，那么将更能吸引学生的学习兴趣。学生不但可以从中加深对于课文的理解，更能触发学生对于语言的认识和体验。
2． 电影作为一种视频文本所产生的吸引力是我们书本教材所无法比拟的。
这一点是勿庸质疑的。我们天天都在上课,每天都是一样的枯燥,如此学习的结果是可想而知的,厌倦听课,厌倦作业
看英文电影重要的是为我们提供了一种学习英语的方式，我想没有哪套课本能对让我们对学习英语产生诱惑力和影响力的，而电影却有。因为电影让英语“活”起来
其实，看外文电影学英语的方法在我国由来已久。在我国老一辈的旅美作家和学者中，大部分都有过看电影学英语的经历。如今，通过看电影学英语更成了成人英语教学的常用方法，像“新东方”等国内一些著名英语培训机构就专门开设了类似的培训课，通过观看经典电影来训练学员的英语口语能力。
看电影学英语，表面在看，原理在听，这种方法最大的好处就是可以锻炼听力。电影听力不像听磁带那样干巴巴的，观众可以通过故事发展的逻辑推理，感觉到台词的意思。另外，在词汇学习上，可以将词汇的用法做详尽的分析，挖掘词语的深层含义，对词汇有一个全方位的认识，而不仅仅停留在“就词论词”上。
另外，通过观看电影，观众可以更加了解西方文化，体会东西方价值观念的不同，将语言上升到真正意义上的交流，让英语真正“活”起来。
3电影中所使用的语言是纯正的，地道的，更是实用的。
众所周知，学习语言应通过对话进行。不同语言的会话结构差别不大，大部分可以从母语迁移过来。差别大的是参加和进行谈话的习俗，如怎样遵从本族语言国家人的说话方式和礼仪等。电影课可以形象直观的向学习者展示怎样通过会话实现语言的各种功能。使学习者不仅仅学到知识本身，更重要的是可以学到语言的使用背景，真正可以使用到正确的场合。
语音作为语言学习的一个重要组成，第二语言的语音系统既不是第一语言的，也不是目的语的。它与第二语言语法系统一样，是学习者自己的一套系统。影响语音习得的因素是多方面的，有的因素与学习者的母语无关，属于语言的普遍性；有的因素属于母语迁移；有的因素属于学习者的认识能力。学习者的困难不是新的语音或者母语中没有的语音，而是与母语相近的语音。如果不考虑目的语系统，只单纯根据本族语者的发音来纠正学生的发音，这样的教学方法有失全面。而通过原版的英文电影，可以有效补充靠中国英语老师来纠正发音的劣势。
电影中使用的语言都是最地道的，合乎英语国家人说话习惯的。学语言不光要学所谓的官方的正式的语言，还要充分理解贫民语言和文化，以及发展中的语言。而通过电影学生们不止能学习地道的英语，还能学习很多课本上见不到的俚语和俗语，了解不同民族的文化背景与习俗以及理解相同的句子在不同场合的意义。而电影正为我们的教材提供了这种条件和补充。因此，在英语教学中加入英文电影配音，使学生的英语学习兴趣，口头表达能力，语言认知能力都有了极大的提高。并通过对影视的了解和把握，可以从一个方面了解一个民族的文化，具备艺术素质，为学生理解现当代社会历史与其它门类的文化艺术，提供学习和探究的基础平台，是对现行外语教学方式有机的补充，为我们在国内也能习得流利地道的英语提供了一条捷径。
电影借助声音和图像，我们不仅易于理解真实的语言材料，而且能逐渐掌握英语为母语者说话的语言使用特点。日积月累，可帮助我们突破听力理解的大难关，同时对我们的口语也有促进作用。
然而，原版电影还有以下作用：
1、看英文原版电影有助于你将背下的句子用出去！因为当你发现电影里的人物脱口而出的竟是你能背下的句子时，那是很兴奋的！这也是在间接的卖弄你学的句子。要记住，卖弄一次比背十次的印象还要深！
2、英文原版电影是学发音的最好材料！我们平时练习发音都是一个单词一个单词的练，对着枯燥的口腔图纠正发音，似乎发音的练习如此的漫长而又枯燥！对初学者来说，有必要掌握基本的发音规则和规律，但是一旦你有了一定的词汇量和句子量后，就应该投入到实战中去，而英文的原版电影就是非常好的实战！
3、 看英文原版电影能激活你学的单词、句子和语法！因为孤立的背单词和语法是没有用的，必须把它用出去，而看英文原版电影则可以将你学的单词全部激活，变成你的口语单词，一个单词一旦变成你的口语单词以后，那这个单词已经达到最高境界了！
4、看英文电影是避免枯燥的最好的方式！天天苦行僧似的一个人在默默的背着单词和句子确实很辛苦，而且不见得成效有多大！但如果你去看英文电影，里面的情节会很快吸引你的注意力，在不经意的时候掌握了英语！
5、 看英文原版电影能让你学到最鲜活的词汇和表达！这是非常重要的，因为我们平常背的句子其实有很多都是已经过时的或者在口语中不常用的句子，但通过看英文原版电影我们可以学到很多最时髦、最鲜活的词汇和表达法，比如昨天我看老友记时学到了一个地道的表达法，叫Have you put your foot down?（你已经决定好了吗？）还好很多很多好的地道表达等着你去学习和吸收！
6、看英文电影给你提供了一个全英文环境！几乎所有学英语的中国人都在抱怨，我们学英语缺的是英语环境。其实不然，通过看英文电影你其实已经完全溶入在那个环境里了，你会想象你就在那个电影里面，扮演着某个角色，操着一口流利的英语在跟别人交谈，多么美妙，多么惬意！
