德伯家的苔丝论文开题报告英文

当认真看完一本名著后，相信你心中会有不少感想，现在就让我们写一篇走心的读后感吧。那么读后感到底应该怎么写呢？以下是我整理的德伯家的苔丝英文优秀读后感，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

This is a book of grievous mood. A beautiful young girl’s life was destroyed gradually and really---not by her energy, but by the people who said love to her. What kind of this love is? What make the love destroy its lover? Tess could be a happy girl though her family was very poor. But “noble, status, and money” were strongly in her father’s mind, just because of the discovery that a parson said to him.

Without their horse’s carrying load, life became rather difficult. Tess blamed herself completely, and she wondered what she could help her parents. Then Tess obeyed her mother’s idea, to work at the d’Urberville’s home, and met her cousin, Alec d’Urbervilles. This then was the beginning. Tess had to meet the wrong man, and one who was so strongly attracted to her. Yet to the right man, she was only a half-forgotten impression from an evening’s dancing party in a country field. This mistake was to ha一ve tragic results. Alec used his clever brain to help Tess’s parents, and this made Tess feel grateful to him. Because of her slackening vigilance, Alec’s intention came true ---Tess would be maiden no more. As the people of her village said, “It was to be.”

And from now on, Tess’s life was to be completely different. Tess left Alec’s home, returned her village. But all had changed, Tess wouldn’t be happy, people in village wouldn’t see her as before. After her baby’s death, she had to lea一ve her home, went to a far place. Perhaps at that time we should thank Alec, thank baby’s death, or Tess wouldn’t lea一ve her home and met Angel Clare, her right man in the dairy. Tess was a so lovely girl that Angel was soon crazy for her. At last, they conquered many difficulties and got married. But Tess’s experience was still her mortal wound, Angel couldn’t accept the truth and left her. The story came to its turning point again. When Angel realized his mistake and went back to look for Tess, all was too late, the poor girl again dropped into Alec’s trap.

With the intertwine of love and hatred, Tess had to end herself with a tragic results. God played with Tess so much. When her right man appeared, God yet didn’t give her happiness. Tess’s parents loved her, but it was just an instinctive love; Alec said love to her, but it was a evil love; Angel said love to her as well, but it was a immature and selfish love. He wanted Tess to forgive him, but he couldn’t forgive Tess. Tess didn’t make any mistakes, but at last, she born all punishments and sufferings. At first, God had let the two persons miss each other. A tragedy was doomed. But perhaps no love, no hatred, no dignity, death was the best way for Tess to extricate herself. We ha一ve nothing to do but watching world changing, destroying Tess, then continuing changing. The tragedy recurs every day in fact. I can’t help asking, ha一ve we missed our happiness?

Chinese NBA player Sun Yue has little problem speaking English. But he still has to prove himself on the court. He has spent a lot of his time with the Lakers on the bench.

“As a newcomer I’ve met with some difficulties,but I’m prepared,”said the guard.“I will try my best to win more time on court and prove myself.”

The Lakers drafted Sun,23,into the NBA in 2007. He signed with the team last year.He became a teammate of Kobe Bryant. This year,he hopes that the Lakers will win the championship.

“I’ve learnt a lot from Kobe’s strong desire to win,and see the extra work he puts into training,”he said.

He thinks teamwork is the most important thing.This is why he likes to share his ideas with his teammates and coaches.

“After matches,I enjoy chatting and eating with them,”he said, “We’ve already developed a friendship.

“Being able to communicate helps you fit in quickly,”he told Teens.

About Thomas Hardy

Thomas Hardy (1840—1928), who is an English novelist. His father is a stoneworker, who is fond of music. His parents thought much of the education of their son. He grown up in the Dorset shire, so the environment of there became the main backdrop of his writings. His writings often reflecting the change after capitalism intrude the countries in England and the people’s hard life.

At first, Hardy wrote some novels, and in his old age, he worked on poets. The novel was published in the year 1891. Thomas Hardy facing the terror of the war and propagating the love-kindness, he is one of the greatest English writers.

The summary of the book

As is known to all, is the most famous novel of Thomas Hardy. Tess comes from a farmer’s family, the Durbeyfields. One day her father, John Durbeyfied learns that they are descended from the D’Urbervilles, an ancient family. Her mother urges Tess to claim kinship with the remaining D’Urbervilles, so that Tess could marry a gentleman. Unwillingly, the girl comes in contact with the Stoke, D’Urbervilles. There she meets Alec D’Urbervilles. Having received a job of tending to chickens, Tess stays in the D’Urbervilles. Before long the rich but guileful Alec manages to seduce the girl and make her pregnant. Being humiliated and resolute, Tess returns home， and gives birth to the child, who is called Sorrow but dies soon . Without financial support, Tess has to leave home and goes to work at a distant farm, where she meets Angel Claire. After Angel persistent pursuit of Tess, the two fall in love. In the wedding night, Tess admits about Alec D’Urbervilles and the child. She begs for forgiveness, but Angel leaves her in disgust. Tess again returns home alone, only find that her family remains impoverished and she even has no place to stay. In the meantime, Alec D’Urbervilles appears again. He promises to support her family, only as a means to make Tess dependent. At the end of hope, the girl jumps into the trap of the shameless man. However, Angel Claire, who is remorseful for his mercilessness comes back, which makes Tess even more desperate. After Angel leaves, she kills Alec. Then she follows Angel and escape with him. They manage to hide for a while in a wood before she is arrested. She is hanged later.

In this story, the dramatis persona Tess is a beautiful, virtuous country girl. Angel Claire loves Tess, but his love is selfish, he can’t forgive her wife’s mistake, he forsakes her .Alec D’Urbervilles is an evil person, he makes Tess’s life being a tragedy.

The comment

This is a dolorous book.

This is a story of love.

Tess, the poor girl as innocent as the sleeping birds in the trees, or the small field animals in the hedges, her life destroyed by her relatives, lover and some other people. They say they love her, but they like themselves most. Her parents want her married Alec only because they want her doing some good for the family. Alec wants to possess her, because she is the most beautiful girl in the village. He makes her pregnant but can’t give her his love. Angle is tess’s true love, but his love also not consummate, he can’t forgive tess’s mistake, although he had did wrong with a women.

Why only the women had to pay? I thought of this problem for a long time. In the 19th England, women had not status, they live very hard because people’s prejudice. Tess is the victim under the not fair environment, she lives with force, and even the law thinks the insults are allowable! At the end of the book, Fortune’s wheel bereaves the last thing she had—her life.

How to vindicate the women’s right? Expect change the people’s prejudice women must learn to be adamancy and independent. We must know how to take care of ourselves. We must have the ability to feed ourselves, so that we can win the independent of personality and life. And so that we can have a pure au pair love.

The word “woman” doesn’t means “puny”!

我觉得苔丝的悲剧起初来自她的无知,她还不懂保护自己,所以会被诱奸。其中一部分责任来自她的家庭和社会背景。后来的悲剧缘自社会根深蒂固的封建观念，她爱人的处女情结，既然他曾经做过同样的事，为何又不能原谅苔丝，而后的悲剧就是所谓的巧合了，她爱人生病而耽搁没能赶回去，然而社会原因占主导地位，同样不可忽略人们心中的贪婪虚荣（这一点体现在其家人）。然而结局确实不是那么富于悲剧性，因为她为了争取最后一点小小的幸福，勇敢的反抗了，尽管结局并不完美，但是却给主人公增添了亮点托马斯•哈代是19世纪现实主义小说家，对资本主义文明的发展采取了坚决批判的立场，因此获得了“悲观主义者”的绰号。作为一位人道主义作家，他认为人民的生活是悲惨的，民间人物的命运也是悲剧，而主人公的命运是人类命运的缩影。他在作品中广泛使用的表现手法是对比描写法，这种方法具有种种不同的具体形式。他的对比是多种层次和范围的：人和社会环境、人和大自然，人的粗暴的感情因素和理智因素，人的外貌和他的内心世界等。特别是突出地反映了人物性格与自然环境的冲突以及人物与命运抗争的无奈和弱小，因此，他把自己的作品称为“性格与环境小说”，他认为性格和环境的冲突造成个性的毁灭。这一特点集中体现在《德伯家的苔丝》（下称《苔丝》）中，它作为哈代悲剧小说中的典范，奠定了哈代悲剧作家的地位，为哈代赢得了杰出小说家的声誉。《苔丝》中的悲剧原因主要有命运悲剧、社会悲剧和性格悲剧三个方面，三者融为一体，呈现出强大的立体感和层次感。一、 命运悲剧苔丝的悲剧首先是命运的悲剧。苔丝是在一个贫穷的农民家庭出生，并且是在一个没落的贵族家庭里，家庭拮据的经济状况和不负责任的父母注定了她的悲剧命运；同时，作为一个美丽但是身份低下的女性，在维多利亚时代，性别与出身给这个纯洁而勇敢地追求幸福的姑娘带来的只能是厄运。而作者似乎要为了突出这种命运的不可违抗性，在他的作品中总是穿插了大量的偶然性因素。在《苔丝》中，哈代作为一个农家孩子，她是朴质、善良、能干的小姑娘，从小就帮助家里干活并且干得比别家的孩子都不赖。同时她也是一个负责任的人，作为家中的长女，她打小就挑起了家中的重担，并且觉得自己有责任去承担这一切。这样的一个女孩的生活本应是幸福而美满的，但是命运却和她开了很大的玩笑。故事从她的善良、负责任的天性开始，她在深夜主动提出为酗酒的父亲赶车送蜂蜜，却在困倦中不小心与一辆邮车相撞，把家中唯一的一匹生计工具——“王子”撞死了，这让她有一种负疚感。而在此之前，他的父亲回家的路上获知了：苔丝家原是名门望族德伯氏的后裔。牧师劝告他：德伯家已经没落，不要再做任何无谓的工作。但是却在犹豫中没有清楚地告诉他：亚历克•德伯家是假冒的德伯世家。于是虚荣的德伯执意要女儿去亚历克家认亲，从此攀上一户好人家，全家人也跟着享福。高洁的苔丝本不愿意却认亲，却因心有愧疚，只好硬着头皮去认亲。结果在德伯家惨遭不幸，从此开始了她悲壮的人生道路。遭遇了此厄运，她本来是要远走高飞的，却在落难后才遇见了心仪的对象安吉尔。两人一见钟情，苔丝也尝试过拒绝，但是都没有成功，两人终于到了水深火热的程度，谈婚论嫁的地步。苔丝无奈之余，婚前怀着负罪感给安吉尔写了一封忏悔信，希望能得到安吉尔的原谅，但是无独有偶，信被塞到了地毯下面，安吉尔没有看到，这又开始了她的另一个大灾难：安吉尔远走他乡。苔丝从此贫困交加，再加上父亲的死，家庭的重担全都落在了她这个长女身上，在混乱和无奈中，她又重回到了亚力克身边。当了她的情妇。但是恰恰在这个时候，安吉尔又回来了，并且是带了忏悔的心情回来的，他希望能得到苔丝的谅解，却得知妻子已作了他人的情妇。而苔丝此时悔恨交加，认为一切的恶果都是亚历克所为，在愤恨中把他杀死，但是自己也没有免遭到法律的制裁，被送上了绞刑架。在苔丝的身上，我们明显地感觉到了命运对人物的嘲笑，苔丝是天命或宿命的牺牲品；同时，作者也稍微夸大了偶然性在人们生活里的作用，例如老马的死；苔丝跟亚历克的相遇成为她生活中的转折点；苔丝在与安吉尔结婚前夕写给他的信产生了悲剧的误会；安吉尔最后的悔改返回等等。但是这种命运的描写却也是真实的，在当时的社会不乏这样的例子，正如劳伦斯所说：“哈代的感情、他的直觉、他对美感的掌握……是非常伟大和深刻的。”○1二、 社会悲剧照哈代所说 ，人类悲剧的基础在于个人跟相敌对的、不正当的生活环境之间的冲突，更广泛一些说，就是人类跟残酷无情的大自然之间的冲突，这种冲突令人可悲地无法解决。哈代小说中的爱情故事由于同传统的伦理观或道德观相抵触，总是以悲剧结束。虽然小说中的人物的爱情在他们自身的范围内或许是成熟的、道德的，但对于他们所处的社会环境而言，却又是不成熟的、不道德的。在《苔丝》出版后，曾被攻击为“不忠，不贞，诲淫”，因为在维多利亚的时代，男人与女人在婚姻爱情上的地位是永远无法平等的；而三角恋爱关系以及离婚、外遇、婚外关系之类，也都被认为是不道德的行为。苔丝正是这种不公平的伦理观和道德观下的牺牲品，她的整个一生都是在强迫和暴力下生存，社会和法律都认为那些侮辱和迫害苔丝的是正当的，因为她不能自卫。在作品中，哈代试图把苔丝和安吉尔平等：他们同样在青年时代都“陷入了罪恶”。但是，这个有着光明理想、先进的文明思想的人，口口声声说深爱着苔丝的人，到了紧要关头，却也暴露出自私自利的、目光狭小的小市民特征。因为资产阶级道德的不成文法，男人干了这种事并不认为有罪，只有女人——小市民宗法社会制度下的奴隶吃亏。而最后，当苔丝有生以来第一次进行自卫时，从那个同样的“刑律”观点看来，“一个纯洁的女人”就变成罪犯了。因为苔丝不属于有产阶级，从她出生之日起，她所处的社会环境就剥夺了她过象人的生活的权利，现在又剥夺了她所残余的唯一的东西——她的生命，命运对她的“戏弄”算完结了。三、 性格悲剧哈代曾说：“悲剧。简单地讲，可以这样说：悲剧表现个人生活中的一种事物的状态，他的本能或欲望最终不可避免地导致悲惨的结局。○2苔丝是哈代在人物塑造方面的高峰。她集人类美貌、善良、聪慧、勤劳、坦诚、坚贞于一身，是个纯情高洁的乡村田园姑娘。哈代正是怀着这样的激烈的感情来描绘苔丝的，她被奉为是“一个纯洁的女人”，并在序言中说：“这是一个心地坦白的人对于主人公的品格的评价。”可见苔丝在哈代心中的高洁形象。但是，这样一个优秀、突显的女性，她的不幸正是那种表现了她的性格力量的事件造成她的不可避免的堕落——她的纯洁致使了她的轻信与单纯：她因为责任心而挑起了夜里送蜜的重任，却不小心撞死了“王子”从而迫于无奈而去相亲，虽然她一开始就意识到亚历克的不轨图谋，但是她却过于天真大意。对于亚历克对她的帮助：教她吹口哨等都还心存感激。在事发那晚，只因想避开别人的“语战”，竟大意地跳上亚历克的马车，还挨着他睡着了；当她发现亚历克使诈却没有决意离开；同时对亚历克送给父亲和弟妹礼物而产生负债感，这一切都是她的纯洁所致，给了亚历克以可乘之机，让自己步入厄运之中。一位这样轻信的姑娘，她势必会既丧失名誉，又失去自己的爱人，这也是她不理解的，她的爱人安吉尔怎么能够不象她爱他那样，同样无私地爱着她。但是，倘若她不是这样纯朴，这样无用心地天真，她不会这样爱着安吉尔，她能够猜到她的爱情是怎样的结局，她也不会深有负罪感受，更不会说出自己的秘密，悲剧也决然不会发生。但是，她也不为之苔丝了，也决然不会引发我们的恐怖和怜悯之情。苔丝还有一个突出的性格特点她的反抗性，这是她身上的另一个杰出的闪光点，被公认为维多利亚时期的三个叛逆女性之一，但是她这种反抗性却不够彻底，一直囿于她所生活的社会环境中。她一生追求幸福，对亚历克敢恨，对安吉尔敢爱，在一定程度上敢于反抗旧礼教。她蔑视和否定宗教，但当宗教约束与自然天性发生矛盾时，她毫不犹豫地对它发出了质问，她凭借着自己的一份微薄之力，“以卵击石”。但是尽管她做出最大的努力去抗争命运，仍然逃脱不了当时普遍女性的下场。她不自觉地从宗教观出发考虑问题，她无法摆脱世俗观念的阴影，封建礼教压迫着她。她恪守那个时代的准则，在她内心深处有一种不可饶恕的罪恶感。当她的孩子死时，虽然她不屑于宗教，但是她又担心她的孩子会因为没有洗礼而被打下地狱最低层，自己偷偷地给他洗礼；当她获知安吉尔也曾犯过错误时，她仿佛看到了希望，但是安吉尔的反应又让她跌回了不变的道德轨道中，她那原始的感情被安吉尔的文明轧得粉碎；她勇于追求爱情，对亚历克的不合理要求敢于反抗、拒绝，而没有从此甘于认命，但是考虑到孝道和迫于生活，她又重回到他身边；她认为自己对于安吉尔的爱是有欠缺的，她没有为安吉尔守身如玉，在临死前，她请求安吉尔娶她的妹妹为妻，因为“凡是我的长处，她一样地不短，可是我的坏处，她却一点没有……”她一直在旧有的道德圈边缘徘徊，在她这种不断地抗争、妥协、堕落到最终的坚决反抗中，我们看到了美好的东西被不可抗拒的强大力量撕裂的凄美。四、总结综上所述，我们可以知道：哈代的悲剧性小说《德伯家的苔丝》之所以显得十分出色，一个重要的原因是，它塑造了一个动人的悲剧性人物——苔丝，由于主观或客观的原因，她犯了这样或那样的错误而造成了悲剧性的结果。她是好人但不是完人；她的有着令人同情甚至钦佩的品质和性格，同时也有着凡人不可避免的弱点和缺陷；她的生活方式、思想感情和悲惨结局更能反映时代的现实，获得了我们的共鸣。哈代为我们展示了一位维多利亚时期少女的真实感情和多舛的命运，她是在同命运、环境、社会的斗争中失败后倒下来的。这样的悲剧不是偶然的，也不只发生在一个苔丝身上，从这个悲剧本身，我们对那个时代都应有更深的思索。参考文献：[1] 托马斯•哈代. 苔丝. . .[2] 张中载. 托马斯•哈代——思想和创作. 北京： 外语教学与研究出版社. 1987[3] 苏联科学院高尔基世界文学研究所编. 英国文学史1870-1955. 北京：人民文学出版社. 1983.[4] 欧美古典作家论现实主义和浪漫主义. 中国社会科学出版社. 1980年.[5] 秦玲. 苔丝悲剧的形成原因. 南阳师范学院. 2005[6] 王梅兰[7] 姚佩芝，董俊峰.《德伯家的苔丝》——哈代综合悲剧观的完美体现. 湖南师范大学社会科学学报. 2003[8] (古希腊)亚理斯多德.《诗学》.人民文学出版社. 1982年注释：○1 苏联科学院高尔基世界文学研究所编. 英国文学史1870-1955. 北京：人民文学出版社. 1983○2《早年的哈代》第230页仅供参考，请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。