英文论文开题报告格式及范文

英语论文开题报告范文参考

下面是一篇由我为您整理的英语论文的开题报告范文，虽然不是特别好，但也反应了开题报告的格式和写法，有一定的.借鉴价值。

Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies

1 Introduction

The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.

Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).

DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.

My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.

The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.

A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. “Norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.

The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.

In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.

2 Outline

2.1 Development and major concepts of DTS

In this part I will describe Holms’ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.

2.2 Methodolgy

I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.

2.3 DTS in contrast to other theories

A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.

2.4 Case study

In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation in light of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.

2.5 Conclusion

Based on the above elaboration of DTS and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.

(Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)

附录1- 引文范例

“It is therefore pointless to try to make TC more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. Translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(Wilss, 1982: 217)

“噢，这就是恐水病吧?你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦?真够呛的!费芬斯小姐，您喝点茶大概没关系吧!”’(张南峰，1990：59-60)

附录2- 参考文献范例

Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation – Problems and Methods. Gunter Narr Verlag Tubingen,1982.

Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988.

Delabastita, Dirk. Translating Puns: A false Opposition in Translation Studies. Target, 1991(3:2):137-152.

英语专业写起来比较麻烦，不可能有人给你白写的，还是自己动动脑筋写吧，如写作实在有困难可以找人帮忙，是我同学介绍我的，找的【天下文库】，她们帮我做的。还不错，希望你也都能顺利通过。☆论文的选题撰写毕业论文，首先是选择课题。选题是完成毕业论文撰写成败的关键。因为，选择题是完成毕业论文撰写的第一步，它实际上就是确定“写什么”的问题，亦即确定科学研究的方向。要坚持选择有科学价值和现实意义的课题。[详细内容]☆论文的格式(一)论文标题。(二)作者姓名。(三)内容摘要。一般为中文摘要，如有英文要求则要附上英文摘要。摘要应该以研究目的、研究方法、研究结果和结论，围绕主题展开，明确介绍重点。一般用200-300字高度概括全篇论文的精华。(四)关键词。又称主题词，从论文中选出用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。一般以3-8个词以显著的字体另起一行，排在摘要的左下方。(五)正文:1、绪论;2、本论;3、结论。(六)参考文献。在论文主体的后面列出参考文献，目的在于表明作者的科学态度和对前人劳动成果的尊重，并方便读者去查阅参考文献之前专门列出一项“致谢”。☆论文的撰写论文的正文一般包括三大部分:绪论、本论和结论。绪论是论文的开头部分。主要讲清研究的动机、写作的理由、目的和意义、提出问题、概述内容、明确中心论点等。一般要求语言简洁扼要，开门见山，引人注目。也可以简要交代确定选题的过程和有关背景材料，目的是为了使读者更好地了解全文的旨要...☆论文的指导在与指导教师第一次见面后，考生将根据指导教师的要求，对已有的写作思路进行丰富或修正并形成论文写作提纲。对于写作者来说，提纲质量的高低，直接关系到论文写作的成效。豪不夸张地说，写好了论文提纲，也就等于完成了论文写作任务的一半。

英语学院硕士研究生论文开题报告规范

英语学院硕士研究生论文格式规范 目  录

一、 开题报告 1、 总述 2、 提纲 3、 要求 4、 范例

二、论文 1、 论文内容 1） 引论 2） 理论概述 3） 研究方法 4） 个案研究 5） 分析讨论 6） 结论 2、 论文形式 1） 语言 2） 论文各部分的顺序 3） 引文形式 4） 字数要求 5） 定义 6） 图表 3、 排版格式 1） 封面 2） 格式

三、附录  附录1- 开题报告范例 附录2- 引文范例 附录3- 参考文献范例 附录4- 封面范例

前  言

我院历届研究生论文写作和答辩过程中，都会遇到一些有关论文写作规范的问题，近年来研究生的人数不断增加，这方面的问题更显突出。鉴于此，英语学院决定制定硕士研究生论文格式规范，通过科学、严谨、合理的研究生论文格式，使我院研究生论文写作进一步规范化，符合现行学术主流的要求，提高研究生论文质量和研究生培养的整体水平。 本格式规范参照现行学术论文的规范与要求，主要对论文格式予以规范，对于论文的内容结构略有涉及，但是考虑到各研究方向的不同特点，在这方面不拟过细规定。这方面的知识在相关课程特别是论文写作课程上应有详细介绍。本格式规范包含以下两部分：一、开题报告；二、论文。 一、开题报告

由于开题报告是用文字体现的论文总构想，因而篇幅不必过大，但要把计划研究的课题、如何研究、理论适用等主要问题说清楚，应包含两个部分：总述、提纲。

1 总述

开题报告的'总述部分应首先提出选题，并简明扼要地说明该选题的目的、目前相关课题研究情况、理论适用、研究方法、必要的数据等等。

2 提纲

开题报告包含的论文提纲可以是粗线条的，是一个研究构想的基本框架。可采用整句式或整段式提纲形式。在开题阶段，提纲的目的是让人清楚论文的基本框架，没有必要像论文目录那样详细。

3 参考文献

开题报告中应包括相关参考文献的目录（参考文献的规范见附录3）

4 要求

开题报告应有封面页，总页数应不少于4页。版面格式应符合以下第3部分第2）项“格式”的规定。

5 范例

（参见附录1）

二、论文

1 论文内容

论文的基本内容应包括：1）引论；2）理论概述；3）研究方法；4）个案研究；5）分析讨论；6）结论；

1) 引论

引论可以是开篇的一个独立部分，也可以是论文的第一章，其中应对论文的论题、主旨、理论根据、研究目标、论文纲要等必要内容，做一个清楚明确的说明。

2) 理论概述

这一部分是对论文所依据的理论进行的阐述，可涉及主要理论和相关理论，以及就论文所研究的问题，目前理论研究达到的程度。理论概述可以独立成篇，也可包括在引论部分中，可视情况而定；

3) 研究方法

和理论概述一样，研究方法也可在引论中加以阐述。除说明研究方法之外，还应说明所采用的方法的适用性、必要性和科学性。

4) 个案研究

这一部分应给出研究实例，实例应当是客观的、适用的、按照科学的方法选择的，并对选择的方法加以说明。

5) 分析讨论 分析讨论应当层次清晰，可以针对前述个案，也可在不需要具体实例的情况下，对所提出的问题进行分析讨论。

6) 结论

结论可以是论文的最后一章，应在结论中对分析讨论及其结果作扼要的叙述，说明研究的主要发现、其理论和/或实践意义、研究的局限、对进一步研究的建议等等。

如有必要，以上各项的顺序可调整，也可把某两项合并成一项，但是为清晰起见，章节不应过少。

2 论文形式

1）语言

根据有关规定，英语学院的硕士论文一律用英语写作，但应包含一个与英文提要相对应的中文提要。

2）论文各部分的顺序：

(1) 提要：中英文对应，中文在前，英文在后；提要文尾应列出论文关键词，不少于三个；提要的篇幅不少于一页。

(2) 鸣谢：除向对论文有过具体指导帮助的人员致谢外，还应向论文所使用的各种文献的作者表示感谢。

(3) 目录：目录应详细，可分多级标题；为便于查阅，各级标题都应包括在目录内；目录后还可列有图表清单、缩略语清单等（如果有）。

(4) 正文：包括以上第1部分“论文内容”所述的各项内容。   (5) 注释：可采用尾注，也可采用脚注，二者仅择其一，不必重复。

(6) 参考文献：凡论文中所引用、引述、或以其他方式参考过的文献资料均应列于参考文献，应分别列出英文文献和中文文献，英文文献的排列以作者姓氏首字母为序；中文文献的排列以作者姓氏汉语拼音首字母为序。各条顺序为：姓氏、（英文姓氏后面应以逗号隔开）名字、文献名、（如系杂志，此处为杂志名，并注明第几期）出版地、出版者、出版年代。如系翻译、编辑等非原创著作，需在姓名后加括号注明。（参见附录2）

3) 引文形式

所有引述如果是原话，一律使用引号（引文自身带有引号的，征引时原文引号用单引号），如果不是原话，可不使用引号，但一律在引述末尾加括号注明作者（英文作者只需注明姓氏）、原文发表年代、所在文献页码，以便与论文末尾的“参考文献”互为参照，明确出处。（参见附录3）

4) 字数要求：论文应不少于二万英文词，按本规范要求的字号行距排定后，总篇幅应在六十页左右。

5) 定义：如果使用术语和缩略语较多，并且在论文中使用这些词语的某一规定性意义，可先将这些术语和缩略语定义或释义。

6) 图表：如需使用图示、表格，可插在正文提及该图表的地方。两个图表以上须编号：如表1、表2……；图1、图2……。如图表过大、过多，且仅用作参考，可作为附录集中置于文尾。

3 排版格式

1) 封面

封面上的字一律用黑体中文宋体字书写，从上至下依次是：（1）对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文、（2）论文标题、（3）专业、（4）研究方向、（5）作者、（6）导师、（7）写作时间（指论文写作的起止时间）、（8）对外经济贸易大学英语学院。论文标题视字数多寡选择字号，其余字号应不大于三号字（参见附录4）。紧接封面的一页应为封面的对应英文，在格式上除上述第（2）项以外，其余各项可不必完全对应。

2) 格式

(1) 标题：各级标题一律用黑体字。一级标题居中，二级以下各标题左对齐。

(2) 正文：正文左右两边都对齐。

(3) 页码：页码一律居中。

(4) 字号字体：除封面外，论文应使用英文Times New Roman 11号字体或其他正楷11号字，不可使用花体字；书名、文献名等作品名称应使用斜体字。注解用9号以下字体。 (5) 行距：正文行距1.5倍。

(6) 段落格式：

段落格式可分首行左对齐和首行缩进两种：如果采用首行左对齐格式，各段之间空一行；如果采用首行缩进格式，则各段之间不空行。为节省篇幅，建议论文采用首行缩进格式。

凡本文未包括事项，请参照“MLA格式指南及学术出版准则”第二版（上海外语教育出版社，2001）、“Publication Manual, APA”最新版，以及一般英文论文写作惯例。

附录1- 开题报告范例(仅供参考)

Thesis Proposal

Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies

By ________________

Date: ________________

Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies

1 Introduction

The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.

Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out  and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).

DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.

My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.

The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.

A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. “Norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.

The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.

In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.

2 Outline

2.1 Development and major concepts of DTS In this part I will describe Holms’ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.

2.2 Methodolgy

I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.

2.3 DTS in contrast to other theories

A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.

2.4 Case study

In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation in light of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.

2.5 Conclusion

Based on the above elaboration of DTS and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.

(Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)

0 000   附录2- 引文范例(仅供参考)

“It is therefore pointless to try to make TC more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. Translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(Wilss, 1982: 217)

‘“噢，这就是恐水病吧？你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦？真够呛的！费芬斯小姐，您喝点茶大概没关系吧！”’（张南峰，1990：59-60）

附录3- 参考文献范例(仅供参考)

Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation – Problems and Methods. Gunter Narr Verlag Tubingen,1982.

Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988.

Delabastita, Dirk. Translating Puns: A false Opposition in Translation Studies. Target, 1991(3:2):137-152.

张南峰（译）. 王尔德戏剧选. 福州：海峡文艺出版社，1990.

戴炜栋. 构建具有中国特色的英语教学“一条龙”体系，外语教学与研究，2001（5）.   附录4- 封面范例(仅供参考)（中文） 对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文

论品牌名称翻译的特殊性

专    业：                 研究方向：                 作    者：                 导    师：                 写作时间：    —

对外经济贸易大学 英语学院

（英文） School of International Studies University of International Business and Economics

Pragmatic Strategies in Advertising: Implicatures

Wang Ying

A thesis submitted to School of International Studies of University of International Business and Economics In partial fulfillment of the requirement For the degree of Master of Arts

April 2002   Beijing, China