企业激励机制研究论文英文

The paper abstracts for English translation. I was someone, but English is limited, thank you!Management is the incentive functions. Along with the rapid development of science and technology, the overall quality of the staff and the competition between the enterprises in the final talent competition. How to attract and train and motivate talents, state enterprises become the most important and the most difficult job. Only by state-owned enterprises to establish scientific incentive mechanism, can make the enterprise with vigor, constantly) gain competitive advantage. Therefore, the enterprise incentive problems, and has very important practical significance.Motivation is actually an individual goals and objectives that uniformity, thus realize the goal of enterprise, at the same time satisfy their needs some of the process. Therefore, the employee need to motivate employees to understand and identify incentive factors, and puts forward the basic type. Thesis reviews the theoretical study abroad, mainly related to level theory, Odysseus maslow's theory of ephesus, Anthony ERG Abram achievement motivation theory, herzberg incentive factors, such as a health care.From the perspective of the theory of management, the essence of need is a kind of mental state, according to the classification of source, which can be divided into inner and outer need to. A motive, motivation for behavior. Therefore, understanding the needs of all employees is the premise of incentives. Incentive factors can be divided into the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation factors incentive factors. Internal incentive factors refers to the interest, challenging work itself and PeiYangXing: refers to the external incentives can meet needs of external reward resources, material incentive factors and the spirit into the incentive factors.Establish enterprise incentive mechanism, should according to enterprise staff's internal and external need, to make full use of incentive factors, the intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation, to combine the incentive effect is good. Work more colorful, training system, career development plan can make full use of the internal incentive mode. By improving work refers to work more colorful design, to increase the irritating and challenging job itself, so as to improve the working efficiency and improve employee satisfaction.Along with the development of modern enterprise competition and staff training, has become the modern enterprise to keep energetic, adapt to the development of science and technology staff and must invest their resources, and become the kind of force to motivate employees. Material incentive is the basis of humanistic management, enterprise can from the salary system and the welfare system, employee shareholding three aspects, strengthen the function of material incentive. Salary system embodies the enterprise employees on material incentive, attracting, retaining and incentives for human resources, business enterprise incentive mechanism is the core. Internal to a fair and reasonable compensation system, to become more competitive. The conclusion is, in the fierce competition environment better survival and development, enterprises must establish scientific incentive mechanism, and as the starting point, and to enhance the level of human resource management.Keywords: incentive factors incentive mechanism material incentive compensation system of enterprise culture

The first function of management is motivation. With the rapid development of science and technology, gradually raise the overall quality of staff, the competition among enterprises ultimately reflected in the talent competition. How to attract, develop and motivate talented people to become the state-owned enterprises far the most important and most difficult task. Only state-owned enterprises through the establishment of a scientific incentive mechanism in order to enable enterprises themselves to full vitality, and constantly achieve competitive advantage. Therefore, the research firm incentive problems of great practical significance.Is actually an incentive to make individual goals and business goals are consistent, in order to achieve business goals, while some need to meet their own process. Therefore, employees need to motivate staff necessary to understand and identify incentives to stimulate further strength-style. Paper reviews the theoretical study abroad, mainly Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, Alderfer ERG theory, McClelland achievement motivation theory, Herzberg's motivation-hygiene factors.From a management theory perspective, it is essentially a state of mind, according to the source of access to meet the classification can be divided into internal needs and external needs. Need a motivating, motivation for behavior change. Therefore, to understand the needs of all employees incentives premise. Incentives can be divided into intrinsic and extrinsic motivation factors motivating factor. Intrinsic motivation factor is the work itself interesting, challenging and nurturing nature: external motivating factor is able to meet the needs of external resources, rewards, incentives are divided into material and spiritual motivating factor. The establishment of corporate incentive mechanism should address the internal needs of employees and external needs, take advantage of incentives to intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation combine to play a good incentive effects. Job enrichment, training systems, career development programs can take full advantage of the inherent incentives. Job enrichment refers to the work by improving the design, to increase the work itself stimulating and challenging, and thus improve work efficiency, and enhance employee satisfaction. As the modern enterprise competition in-depth, staff training has become a modern enterprise in order to maintain dynamic and adapt to technological development staff must commit resources to activities, and become the motivating force of the kinds of style. Material incentives is a people-based management, enterprises can pay system, welfare system, employee stock ownership three-pronged approach to strengthen the role of material incentives. Compensation system embodies the business-to-staff material incentives that can attract, retain, motivate business needs of human resources is the core business incentives. Salary system should be fair and reasonable internal and external to be more competitive. Paper concluded that the fierce competitive environment in order to better survival and development, enterprises must establish a scientific incentives and use it as a starting point, and comprehensively improve the level of corporate human resource management.

新经济的最大特征是人成为最重要的生产要素，人的创造力成为企业核心的发展力，这已经成为新经济时代无可争议的真理。谁拥有最多最强的人才，谁就是市场的胜者；微软、思科、联想、宝钢、武钢、，那一家不是拥有数千名高级技术开发或管理人才。但对于这些企业老总们，最令人头疼的也是人； “IT人员不知道怎么了，你给他高薪甚至股权，他照样跳槽。”这些现象越来越成为我国大部分IT企业面临的普遍问题。笔者经过在上海宝山钢铁集团公司三年工作后，同时自己也作为一个跳槽者，经过和宝钢的人力资源部门招聘人员、被招聘大学生交流以后，发现这个问题其实受到了企业的机制、管理者风格、企业文化、人才的物质、心理需求的变化、薪酬模式、技术快速更新等一系列企业内部管理、外部环境等方面影响而产生变化。我国的企业应该如何确立自己一套可行的人力资源策略呢？在此，不想谈太多的理论，只想将一些实战中总结的经验与大家探讨： 浮躁，可能是目前许多老总们对刚刚毕业的大学生比较普遍的一个看法。有一部分大学生在求职时或刚刚开始工作时，自己还没有为公司作出什么贡献前，就先提出高薪，还要求宽松的工作环境，弹性的工作时间等等一系列要求；而且有一部分大学生频繁地跳槽，有时仅仅为了新公司比现在公司多几百元工资而已；还有一种现象，就是当今的大学毕业生在简历中夸大专业技能，或者编造经历甚至伪造学历；比如说了解某种编程语言就敢说精通、参与过某个项目就说是项目负责人。这些现象，使得老总们认为当今的大学毕业生过于浮躁。但笔者认为，这种现象并不是当今人才的主流；产生这种现象的根本是时代的变迁。新经济时代改变的不仅仅的是经济模式，它还改变着人们选择职业态度和价值观。当今大学生选择职业的态度代表了新经济的价值取向。 经过和很多自己的在宝钢工作的大学生交往,我认为,当今大学生的想法是：首先，人才认为自己的知识就能创造财富，获取薪水是应该和创造财富成正比；第二，人才关心企业的发展前景是否符合职业生涯发展、团队是否融合、企业文化是否接近自己的价值观，所以有必要先了解再下决定，选多几家很有必要。第三，技术更新不断更新给人才带来压力，他们不得不随时充实自己以免被淘汰，为此所付出的学习成本和精神压力应有所回报；第四，年轻就是资本，应该在年轻的时候追求利益最大化，要在40岁前获得可靠的物质保证。第六、以INTERNET为主信息技术的广泛使用，使得人才对人才市场的供需需求、薪酬模式有了大致的了解；同时作为自己的参考；信息的透明化使得人才与企业在商谈待遇等问题上处于知己知彼的平等位置。 企业中的大学生的离职期往往会呈现出“232”的特性。“刚到公司两个星期是一个危险期。员工在新环境下，往往会不熟悉、不适应。如果不给他明确职责角色，很容易造成人员的流失。3个月后是第二个危险期，这时员工对企业已经有了一定的了解，对同等职责的技术人员也有了了，如果在工作范围，薪资回报中不能进行合理的调整，也会形成流失。而两年是一个疲劳期，如果在两年的时间里，员工仍然得不到发展，工作也没有进步和变化，就很容易受到外界的诱惑。”笔者认为要特别注意这三个危险期，“每个企业都有一个人才流动的比率，在这个比率之内的适当流动，会为企业的发展注入新的活力，但是超过这个比率，就会给企业带来很多负面效应，无法形成稳定的企业文化，使企业的团队缺乏凝聚力和战斗力。人心不稳，也会给后来者形成一种不安全的心理。这对企业的发展是非常不利的。” “人才流动是件好事，活水才有生命力嘛，人员流动可带来技术上的交流。但流动一定要有度，否则不但给企业造成损失，对个人的发展也同样会带来不利。” 目前市场上人才流动很快,特别是IT人才,这主要有两大原因。其一，就是人才市场的供需问题。由于目前中国经济的平稳发展以及中国加入WTO后,更多的外国企业直接在中国投资，他们投资的大多都是高新技术企业.这样导致该领域的人才需求突然倍增，致使人才供给相对不足,技术人才炙手可热。于是企业争相使出浑身解数来吸引人才，高薪、股票期权、优惠的福利制度…… 企业总是觉得有需要或是在某个职位空缺的时候，才想起招聘人才，这种做法存在于大多数企业，普遍认为这是个很正常的现象；其实人才是不会等到你想找他的时候，他会出现，尤其是抢手的人才，你需要别人更需要。因此，企业由于人才的流失比较大，,加上企业的发展速度也比较大,这样企业必须储备一批人才。因此你的人力资源负责人应该时时刻刻想到招聘人才，以供未来3个月的人才需求。著名的路由器生产商思科（Cisco）和网景公司（Netscape）就时时刻刻通过各种手段招聘储备人才。 珠海很多管理者说起技术人才，真是求才若渴。但一问他们有没有专职的人力资源经理，50%没有；即使有的话，要么是行政副总或者办公室主任兼任，要么是某个助理管，从实质来说，对人力资源这个职位不够重视。其实，人力资源负责人在许多大的公司里是非常重要的职位，他不仅仅是负责招聘、人事管理，而且是制定公司发展战略、进行绩效考核、薪酬设计、培训的实施者。企业认为招聘完了，培训过了，薪酬设计好了，似乎没有人力资源部门什么事了。这忽视了一个很重要的环节，就是激励；人才不但需要物质的激励，更需要精神激励，更通俗的叫做思想工作。技术部门的负责人与人力资源负责人就好象军队中的团长与政委，一个管用人、研发、开拓，一个管关心人、激励士气、缓解冲突和解决矛盾，两者是相辅相成的。人力资源，就是如何利用人力这种资源创造财富。因此请一个优秀的人力资源经理，他一样会象技术开发部门那样去创造财富。 如何招聘到合适的人才？这首先是每一个管理者最头疼的问题，登报、互联网上登广告、参加人才交流会等等都试过了，虽然简历收了一大堆，但真正挑选出的，没几个合适。其实，好的人才就在周围。“人以类聚”，这些人才平常交往最多的肯定还是技术方面的人，或者是过去大学的同学，或者是故友、网友，大家如果话不投机，肯定不会交往。因此，鼓励公司的员工推荐他们认为合适的人才进来，远比招聘来得成效高。这还有几个好处，一个对技术比较了解，容易沟通；二，对人品、性格、经历了解，不会引来那些心术不正、动机不纯之人；三，推荐人本身对公司和被推荐人无形都有一种责任感，可以起到监督作用。华为公司就经常鼓励自己的技术人员、管理人员向公司推荐人才，而且效果显著。当然，用这种方法的企业一定要拥有良好的企业文化，企业有一定的规模，而且管理好，员工与公司的关系比较密切。 招聘必须根据人才类型选择不同的方式： 普通人才找人才市场：通常普通员工、技术性不强、专业要求不高的可以通过人才市场招募到。 中级人才找网络：软硬件工程师、中低级程序员、工程师、项目主管这一类技术性、专业性强的人才最好通过网络；因为这批人最活跃，随时寻找更好的发展机会，他们频繁使用网络。因此对从网络找工作，了解、最新动态有着浓厚的兴趣，而且利用互联网找工作或求职成为时髦。 高级人才找猎头公司：至于真正的高级人才，如总经理一级、技术开发经理、财务总监等管理、技术、财务、市场等核心任务大都是被重用，薪酬待遇可观，事业有成。即使有跳槽的愿望，也不会到流动市场（招聘会、报刊广告）去选择。高级人才大部分会选择高级人才跳槽喜欢通过猎头公司或朋友推荐，可以获得薪金谈判的缓冲。更有些高级技术人才即使才华出众，有时往往人际关系能力较差，难以与人合作。这一切，需要通过猎头公司来协调完成。猎头公司的顾问们都出身于企业的中高级管理层，担任过人力资源经理或相关职位，普遍拥有MBA等学历，经验丰富；他们善于与高级人员打交道，而且有共同的语言，并且能客观分析人才的长处短处，并提供职业生涯规划，巧妙地将人才与企业联姻在一起。优秀猎头公司不仅仅能替你寻找到高级的人才，而且能替你防止你的人才被别的公司挖走，并能设计股票期权，培训你的人才，做你人才的思想工作等等。