词汇弱、无话可说是我们留学生在进行论文写作时的硬伤问题,而语言表达是否清晰明了则考验的是留学生论文写作的软实力。今天小编为大家整理了帮助大家在论文写作当中可以让论文更加准确简洁的6个tips,希望对大家有用。
不要单独使用thisWhen the journalist wrote the report, he wasn’t aware the driver had left the scene of a serious accident.This has created an unfortunate situation.大家看这个句子,你能看出this指的是什么吗?既可以理解为“这个记者不留神”,也可以理解为“司机的逃逸行为”。那么应该如何避免这种歧义呢?答案就是不要单独使用this,而是应该搭配一个所要指代的名词。如果this指的是“记者不留神”,就把this换成“This lack of awareness…”如果this指的是“司机的逃逸行为”,就把this换成“This driver behaviour…”
尽可能少使用i.e.和e.g.I suggest that we pay attention to just one area of interest, i.e., pollution.看到这个句子,可能我们一般会想到两种不同的理解:I suggest that we pay attention to just one area of interest, this is, pollution.I suggest that we pay attention to just one area of interest, for example, pollution.但到底是哪一个呢?其实:i.e.是拉丁语 id est 的缩写,意为that is(即)e.g. 是拉丁语exempli gratia 的缩写,意为for example(例)既然容易让人误解,那在写作中就尽量不使用,而是使用“that is”和“for example”。
注意多个短语产生的歧义Dave is working on a project plan. He will mail it to you to proofread by April 1st.看这个句子,4月1号那天到底是谁要去干什么呢?既可以理解为Dave把项目书发给you,也可以理解为you来校订项目计划书。如果是第一个意思,可以写成:Dave is working on a project plan, which he will mail you. Please proofread it by April 1st.如果是第二个意思,可以写成:Dave is working on a project plan.He will mail it to you by April 1st so that you can proofread it.
不要混淆代词的单复数为了表达的更清晰,确保they, their, our指代的是复数的东西,如果不是的话最好重写句子。错误表达:There is a guidebook at each guest’s table. They include the itinerary(行程).They指代的是什么呢?这个they的使用就是混淆了代词的数。正确的表达:There is a guidebook at each guest’s table. The guidebook includes the itinerary.There is a guidebook, which includes the itinerary, at each guest’s table.
避免弱逻辑的陈述你的句子要支撑起你文章的论点,它们应当是简洁和逻辑严密的,不要写一个被普遍接受的、不需要争辩的观点。例如,不要写:The glaciers are melting more rapidly than ever recorded.相反,你可以这样写:The glaciers are melting more rapidly than ever due to human activity.这个句子陈述了一个论点,加上支撑的观点会使你的论证更加严密。
避免教条的语气教条的主张是指那些以一种自负的方式陈述你的观点的主张。例如:While business models will ultimately drive the sustainability of a program, the curricular objectives must be what drives the program experience.这个句子中使用了“must”这个词,给人一种命令的感觉,这就是教条的语气,写作中应当避免这样的语气。应该这样写:While business models will ultimately drive the sustainability of a program, the curricular objectives should be what drives the program experience.上面句子中的“must”换成了“should”,命令教条式的语气就变成了建议的语气,这样就会好很多。
想了解更多,有不明白的地方都可以call我哦~