盗窃罪论文范文怎么写

First, the concept of It refers to the illegal possession for the purpose of secret theft of large amounts of public and private property or multiple acts of theft of public and private property. Second, a criminal element (A) Elements of the object This is the object of the crime of violation of public and private property ownership. Violations of the object, the state, collective or individual property generally refers to personal property, real estate, but the fixtures, and the separation of real estate, for example, on the crop fields, the mountains of trees, such as doors and windows of buildings. , Can also become the target of this crime. In addition, the energy such as electricity, gas can also become the target of this crime. Theft is the object of public and private property ownership. Ownership, including possession, use, income, empowerment and other actions. Here generally refers to legal ownership of the title, but sometimes there are exceptions. According to "People's Supreme Court on hearing specific cases of theft of a number of issues of interpretation of the law" (hereinafter referred to as "explained": "theft of contraband, according to deal with the theft, not of the amount, according to severity of the sentence cases. Contraband or criminal theft Unlawful possession of the property also constitutes theft. " Theft is the object of public and private property, the public and private property is characterized by: (1) can be controlled by the people and occupy. Can be controlled by the people and possession of property must be based on facial features realize the function of the physical things. Control and possession is in fact the disclaimer. This is not just a simple physical domination of physical domination. Sometimes possession can be said is a social concept, must take into account of the nature of the time in which, in accordance with the general concept of the community to decide something that was not occupied. Sometimes even in the physical or tangible less than the domination of the occasion, from a social concept can also be considered to be occupied. For example, in their own residential within the scope of the moment can not find watches, rings, still have not lost possession. If no home to return to the owner and master of the habit of livestock around even left the owner's home, the owner still occupies. When the earthquake occurred, in order to move out to temporary asylum and placed on the roadside property owners from Renggui there. Restocking of fish in the farms and pearl farming shellfish to the people out there. Talking about here watches, rings, livestock, fish and other violations of the theft could become a target. With the development of science and technology, intangibles can also be controlled by the people, it can become the object of theft violations, such as electricity, gas, Big Brother, such as code. People can not be controlled by the sun, wind, air, radio, magnetic, and so on should not become the target of theft. (2) have a certain economic value, this is an objective economic value, money can be used to measure, such as securities, and so on. A subjective value (if any of the significance of the letter) and almost worthless things. China can not become the target of theft. Theft of these people will be worthless if the stolen property out, through the sale or exchange, access to a valuable property (equivalent to the amount fence), and the larger amount should be determined theft. (3) can be mobile. All movable and immovable property on the fixtures may become the target of theft. Such as the exploitation of the stones out from under the back to the natural state of a certain extent on the sand, the sea water on the Yanchang, on the tree, and so on. Theft of property can not be the target of selling real estate, all dealing with non-ownership, the sale of relations invalid, the real estate belonging to civil disputes, can not be handled by theft. (4) other people's property. Thieves can not steal their property, he is the target of theft by "other people's property." Although their personal property, but from other people's legitimate possession or use, is also regarded as "other people's property." Such as the consignment, shipping, leased items. But sometimes there are such cases, all from their legitimate use, and disposal of property, should also be considered: "other people's property." If the owner of the store employees to sell goods in reality, surveillance, control, an item for sale, storage administrator for the inventory, visitors use the hotel television. Forgotten is the forgotten people of the loss but know where the property, most forgotten people in power do so within the framework of the ownership or possession is still a forgotten people, is also regarded as "other people's property", Yishi Wu is the owner and lost Do not know where the property. The perpetrator Shide Yishi Wu, should be "General Principles of Civil Law" with the general did not constitute a crime, is no master of all abandoned property, and no one's heritage, such as inheritance. No proprietor of possession, did not constitute a crime. The property was abandoned to the first of those all. No one inherited the legacy of possession should be returned to the state or collective. Maicang Wu, Hide was not bona vacantia. According to the "General Principles of Civil Law" stipulates: "all unknown Maicang Wu, hide-and the State."盗掘burial, the larger the amount stolen property, theft punishable. "Heritage preservation law" stipulates: "The private mining ancient cultural sites, ancient tombs, to theft punishable." (5) Although some special property with the above four characteristics, can not become targets of theft. Such as firearms, ammunition, and so is the use of the transformer. Different property or the same property in a different position, status, it has the performance of different social relations, as a criminal target, it represents the object of crime are also different. Such as the theft of wire communication lines on the destruction of communication facilities constitute a crime, theft of wires in the warehouse while a count of theft. Because the former is the direct object of public safety communications, while the latter is the direct object of public and private property ownership. Theft of firearms and ammunition constitutes a theft of firearms and ammunition, did not constitute a theft. Because it is the object of public safety. (6) theft of their own home or close relatives of property, according to "explain" from time to deal with the crime. Indeed be held criminally responsible for the necessary, should also be dealt with in the same crime in the community are different. Close relatives that husband, wife, father, mother, son, F, compatriots brothers and sisters. Theft of close relatives, including theft of property should be separated relatives living near the property, theft of property their own homes, including close relatives living together in the property, including theft of other non-living near relatives of the property. Family members colluded with outsiders stealing their own homes or close relatives of property belonging to the common theft. Constitute theft, according to the law should be held criminally responsible. This has on family members and the community to distinguish between other accomplices. (B) an objective element This crime in an objective performance for the perpetrators of the theft of a secret amount of the larger public and private property or several secret theft of public and private property. The so-called secret theft, refers to acts that were not taken since the property owner, or custodian who found that the handling methods, secretly took the property will act. It has the following characteristics: (1) refers to the theft of secrets in the process of obtaining property has not been found, is conducted in secret. If you are in the process of admission Choi, it was found to prevent others, and forcibly took away the still, it is no secret theft, which constitute a crime, should be to snatch robbery punishable offence or, if that did not take Choi found, but the property after the burglary hand Was found, then fled the open carrying of property, is still a secret theft, theft to be treated if the application hoax, the transfer of victims of attention, and then unknowingly in their circumstances to take property theft is still a secret if advance By people not prepared, sneaked into a certain place, no one discovered in the course of secret from the fiscal, as well as secret theft. (2) secret theft against property owners, custodians, who handled the case, is the property of the owner, custodian, handling did not find that. In the course of theft of property, as long as the property owner, custodian, handling did not find that, even if other people were found, and it should be the crime of theft of secrets. (3) secret theft, means that the perpetrators have not been since the property owner, who handles the custodian found. If the admission process of fiscal, in fact, found that for the victims, but victims because of various reasons did not stop the increase, this does not know the perpetrator was found, the property removed, is still secret theft. If the perpetrator has been knowing that others find that even if the victim did not prevent the removal of the remains, with blatant sexual acts, then on no longer a secret theft, but also constitute a crime according to their behavior to snatch the nature of the crime of robbery or treated, As for the way it varied, some take Qiaosuo break, burrows Pop, posing as someone to theft, and other rooms, some in public places pay cut package touting, Shunshouqianyang for theft, and so on. But no matter what its form, as long as the essence of belonging to secret theft, this could constitute the crime of theft. Secret theft of the public and private property to reach larger amounts or larger amounts although it did not meet a number of implementation of the theft, can be identified as the crime. If not achieve greater amount and frequency of theft also did not meet several times, it can not constitute the crime. Larger amounts generally refers to the actual theft of a large amount of property. The perpetrator made no real property, attempted theft, under normal circumstances should not be to deal with crime. However, if the stolen money, treasure, and other valuables for heritage as the goal, one submarine banks, museums, such as the attempted theft, should be considered to constitute the crime of attempted criminal responsibility and accountability. The so-called greater amount, according to "explain", refers to the value of public and private property theft of personal RMB 5 hundred dollars to more than two thousand dollars. The so-called repeatedly, is that in a certain period of time that is one year or theft of households in public places pick-pocketing more than three times. According to the provisions of this article, a theft crime to achieve greater amount to theft or to the number of times, it does not constitute a crime. However, according to "explain" Article 6, paragraph 1 of the provisions, theft of public and private property closer to "large amount" of the starting point, with one of the following situations can still be held criminally responsible: (1) to destructive means of theft of private and public property Loss, (2) theft of persons with disabilities, living alone or lose the ability to work the property, (3) causing serious consequences or have other adverse circumstances. This is to expand the interpretation should be paying attention to. (C) of the main elements The main crime is the main general, who reached the age of criminal responsibility (16 years old) with criminal responsibility and the ability to constitute a per capita. The change is the principal of the important elements of the crime of Laws. In the original criminal law, l4-year-old full of juvenile offenders under 16-year-old used to burglary, theft of major, should be held criminally responsible. Cancellation of the provisions of this Act. (D) of the subjective element Subjective aspects of this crime in the performance of direct deliberately, and with illegal possession of purpose. Theft intentional include: (1) actors clearly aware of its theft is the object of others or occupy all of the property. As long as the perpetrator based on the general cognitive ability and social common sense and push for others to know that of all or possession can be. As for the property owner or Who possession, does not require actors have clear and specific understanding or foreseeable. If outside the dormitory on the bike, he temporarily left unattended in a group of ducks, passenger luggage and other luggage rack. If the fault of the actors will be the property of others mistakenly believe that their property is taken away, be found after the return, due to the lack of deliberate and illegal possession of the contents of the intent, not the establishment of theft; (2) the foreseeable consequences of the theft. If people into the stolen bank safe, intent on stealing or to the enormous amount of the property. Intention to enter the museum on the stolen artifacts. This Fan Yi, indicating the thieves intent to cause harm to the community the size, it shows that their behavior harmful to society. According to the subjective and objective in line with the principle of "interpretation": "attempted theft, in serious cases, such as the large amount of state property or theft of precious relics as the target, it should be convicted and punished." Illegal possession include not only his possession, but also for a third party or a collective possession. And the illegal theft of some property for its own, and then destroyed their will, gift or other person has been illegally occupied, the property of the perpetrators of the treatment can not change its illegal violations of the nature of property ownership will not affect the Theft The establishment. If a property without the consent of the owner, the temporary diversion or borrowing, no illegal possession of purpose, ready to return after use, and does not constitute theft. Constitute other crimes, will consider this as a plot. Some of the stolen car case is a such a situation. Third, that (A) the boundaries of the Zuiyufeizui For certain acts of petty theft, because of the hardship of the affected occasional theft, theft or coerced to participate in activities Fenzang little or no Fenzang, from time to deal with theft, when necessary, by the competent authority to appropriate punishment. The theft of their household appliances or close relatives of property and theft of the community to distinguish between criminal acts. "Interpretation", for such cases, generally from time to deal with the crime; indeed be held criminally responsible for the necessary, should also be dealt with in the community with the distinction of committing the crime. According to "explain" the provisions of public and private property had been stolen to "larger amount" a starting point, but a minor and is one of the following cases, as from time to crime,. " l, full 16 years of dissatisfaction with the age of 18 cases of minors; 2, all Tuizang, Tuipei; 3, surrendered the initiative; 4, coerced to participate in activities of theft, handling stolen goods was not Fenzang or less; 5, the other a minor, endangering the little. (B) and attempted theft occurs Theft occurs on the standards, in theory, have access, transfer, conceal, went out of control, control, control and control said. We stand out of control and control said that the theft had been victims of property lost control, or when the perpetrator has control of the stolen property, are accomplished. The victims were out of control and behavior control is usually a unified, victims lost control of the means of control. But they also do not unified, that is, the victim lost control, but people do not have control of property, which should also be identified as the theft occurs because of this law to protect the legitimate rights and interests for the purpose of the attempted and accomplished in the end is the distinction between social Harmfulness of the distinction. On the theft, its degree of harm is not the size of whether the control of the property, but whether the victim lost control of the property. Therefore, even if the perpetrator does not control property, but as long as the victims lost control of the property, but also the establishment of theft occurs, there is no reason to penalize attempted. For example, people to act for the purpose of unlawful possession, the train will be thrown into the remote property next to the track, after Jianhui intend to get off the property. Also, for illegal possession of people for the purpose, others on the bathroom of the gold rings in the possession of harbourage intend to take in future. In such circumstances, even if the perpetrator was due to some reasons not in control of the property, but because the victim lost control of the property, should also be identified as the theft occurs, but not identified as attempted. Which should be noted that in that with the attempted theft occurs, the property must be based on the nature, shape, size, victims of property possession, and actors such as the theft of state like to judge. In stores such as burglary, on the small size of the property, the property of the people caught in the armpit, release the pocket, possession of arms, is accomplished, but the great volume of property, the property only to move out of the store to Identified as accomplished. Another example of theft of property, plant, if the plant is anyone who can access, the property will be moved out of the original warehouses, workshops, is accomplished if the plant is strictly out, the door must be checked, it will only move out of property outside the main gate Is accomplished. Also, the indirect principal offence of theft, if being used to control the property, even if not also control the use of property, should also be recognized as accomplished. In our view, all the actors actual control of property standards for accomplished point of view, too much emphasis on the vicious perpetrators of the subjective, but ignored the legitimate rights and interests of the protection; too much emphasis on the form of the theft, but ignored the theft of Nature. (C) of this crime with his crimes and violations of boundaries l, theft of radio and television facilities, public telecommunications facilities, the value of a small, but constitute the crime of endangering public safety, in accordance with this Law, the provisions of Article l24 convicted and punished; theft of radio and television facilities, telecommunications facilities at the same time constitute a common theft and destruction of radio and television facilities , The crime of public telecommunications facilities, an optional felony punishment. 2, theft of power equipment in use, theft and destruction at the same time constitute the crime of power equipment, an optional felony punishment. 3, for theft of property, theft of motor vehicles when using the tools of crime, theft of motor vehicles were stolen value amount for the implementation of other crimes of theft of motor vehicles, theft and other crimes carried out by implementing Combined Punishment . For the implementation of other crimes, stealing a motor vehicle when the criminal tools after use, stealing a motor vehicle parked in the return to the original, or near, the vehicle is not lost, in accordance with its harshly punished for the crimes.

可以去参考（法学）这本文献

盗窃罪，最后被告的陈述内容应该主要以认罪态度为重点。首先承认自己的罪，且是初犯，以后一定好好改造，认真反省自己所犯下的错误，希望法官给自己一个重新开始的机会。其次人民法院在开庭审理时的法庭调查阶段，庭审陈述一定要如实陈述被告人的义务。法官会根据被告人何时、何地立功等量刑情节。对于量刑方面，要如实陈述自己有无自首、盗窃了哪些财物等情况如实进行陈述，一般会就犯罪事实和量刑事实进行分析调查，会要求被告人如实陈述犯罪事实，对于如实供述的，人民法院可酌定对被告人从宽处罚。对于犯罪事实方面，采取什么手段，此时应当在何时，如实供述是犯罪嫌疑人。犯罪嫌疑人最后的陈述是庭审最后部分了，犯罪嫌疑人应该针对公诉机关检察院的起诉书的内容作出承认、否定或是承认，否认部分事实，在陈述的最后，也要表明自己的态度，若承认犯罪事实则要诚心悔改，若否认则说出自己的意见。审判长在宣布辩论终结后，被告人有最后陈述的权利。【法律依据】《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》第一百一十条人民 人民法院、人民检察院或者公安机关对于报案、控告、举报和自首的材料，应当按照管辖范围，迅速进行审查，认为有犯罪事实需要追究刑事责任的时候，应当立案；认为没有犯罪事实，或者犯罪事实显著轻微，不需要追究刑事责任的时候，不予立案，并且将不立案的原因通知控告人。控告人如果不服，可以申请复议。第一百九十八条 法庭审理过程中，对与定罪、量刑有关的事实、证据都应当进行调查、辩论。 经审判长许可，公诉人、当事人和辩护人、诉讼代理人可以对证据和案件情况发表意见并且可以互相辩论。 审判长在宣布辩论终结后，被告人有最后陈述的权利。

论转化型抢劫的构成（你自己再修改一下，字数基本吻合）一、案情被告：林某，男，17岁。林某初中毕业后，经常到某面粉厂其姨家中居住，并帮姨做早点。一天，林某向其母亲提出要到外地打工，但遭其母拒绝。为了筹集路费，林某产生盗窃邪念。2003年7月间，林某从其表弟丁某口中得知，在某面粉厂宿舍4栋401室只住一个女人，而且可以从楼下爬上去。同年12月23日下午，林某到丁某家玩时，林某问丁某住401室的女人几点钟睡觉，丁某告诉林某差不多11点多到12点就会睡着“。当晚11时许，林某携带水果刀并戴上毛线帽蒙面爬围墙进入面粉厂职工宿舍区，沿卧室欲行窃时被陈某发现，林某见状，即将陈某推倒在卧室的床上，用水果刀顶住陈某的脖子威胁说：”不要叫，再叫就捅死你“，陈某害怕并表示不叫，林某即按原路逃离现场。案发后，林某被公安机关捉捕归案。2004年3月5日，检察机关以林某涉嫌犯抢劫罪向法院提起公诉。法院对此案公开审理，被告人林某的辩护律师为被告人作无罪辩护。二、分岐法院在审理中，对案件的定性存在两种分岐意见：第一种意见认为被告人林某无罪。理由：被告人林某所实施的行为属盗窃未遂而非既遂，不存在转化问题。被告人林某在被害人发现后有拿小刀指着受害人的后背并威胁“不要叫，再叫就捅死你”，但从其所使用的是一把其表弟从街上买的而被告人原本计划用来撬窗户的小水果刀，并且在受害人发现有人进入房间喝问后就赶快躲到阳台上，在将受害人推进房间后便迅速从原路逃离，这一系列举动来看，被告人的行为仅仅是为了能逃离现场，这里一些过激的行为更多的是出于自身的恐惧。根据1991年6月28日最高人民法院《关于盗窃未遂行为人为抗拒逮捕而当场使用暴力可否按抢劫罪处罚问题的电话答复》的规定，如果行为人“盗窃未遂”尚未构成盗窃罪，而使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁情节不严重、危害不大的，不认为是犯罪。因此，被告人林某不构成抢劫罪（未遂），认为被告人林某无罪。第二种意见认为被告人林某犯抢劫罪（未遂）。理由：被告人林某秘密入户实施盗窃过程中，被发现后采用暴力和持刀威胁方法拒捕，其行为已经符合抢劫罪构成要件。我国刑法第二百六十三条“以暴力、胁迫或者其他方法抢劫公私财物的，处……。”的规定。我国刑法第二百六十九条“犯盗窃、、抢夺罪，为窝藏脏物、抗拒抓捕或者毁灭罪证而当场使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁的，依照本法第二百六十三条的规定定罪处罚。”。我国刑法第二百六十三条是对抢劫罪的规定。抢劫罪是指以非法占有为目的，当场使用暴力、胁迫或者其他方法强行劫取公私财物的行为。构成抢劫罪的显著特证是“以暴力、胁迫或者其他方法抢劫财物。”。我国刑法第二百六十九条是关于犯盗窃、、抢夺罪，为窝藏脏物、抗拒抓捕或者毁灭罪证而使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁按抢劫罪定罪处罚的规定。根据我国刑法二百六十九条的规定，犯盗窃、、抢夺罪后，因使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁转化为抢劫罪必须符合以下三个条件：一是转化为抢劫罪的前提条件是行为人犯盗窃等罪，行为人不仅实施了盗窃等行为，而且已构成犯罪；二是必须具有抗拒抓捕等目的；三是必须具有当场使有暴力或者以暴力相威胁的行为。本案中林某不仅实施了盗窃行为，具有抗拒抓捕的目的，也具有以暴力相威胁的行为。再之，我国刑法第二十三条关于“已经着手实行犯罪，由于犯罪分子意志以外的原因而未得逞的，是犯罪未遂。”的规定。“，本案中被告人已着手实行了犯罪，由于陈某喊叫，即由于林某意识以外的原因而未得逞。因而，林某整个犯罪行为中符合我国刑法第二百六十九条，我国刑法第二百六十三条以及我国刑法第二十三条的犯罪构成要件。为此，被告人林某犯抢劫罪（未遂）。三、评析笔者赞同上述第二种意见，即被告人林某的犯罪行为符合抢劫罪（未遂）的构成要件，林某犯罪行为属转化型抢劫罪（未遂），应当认定林某犯抢劫罪（未遂）。（一）对无罪、抢劫罪（未遂）的司法认定1、法律对犯罪和不认为是犯罪的规定：我国刑法第十三条关于“一切危害国家主权、领土完整和安全，分裂国家、颠覆人民民主专政权和推翻社会主义制度，破坏社会秩序和经济秩序，侵犯国有财产或者劳动群众集体所有的财产，侵犯公民私人所有的财产，侵犯公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他权利，以及其他危害社会的行为，依照法律应当受刑罚处罚的，都是犯罪，但是情节显著轻微危害不大的，不认为是犯罪。”。2、法律对犯罪未遂的规定：我国刑法第二十三条关于“已经着手实行犯罪，由于犯罪分子意志以外的原因而未得逞的，是犯罪未遂。”的规定。3、法律对抢劫罪的规定：（1）我国刑法第二百六十三条关于“以暴力、胁迫或者其他方法抢劫公私财物的，处……。”的规定；（2）我国刑法第二百六十九条关于“犯盗窃、、抢夺罪，为窝藏脏物、抗拒抓捕或者毁灭罪证而当场使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁的，依照本法第二百六十三条的规定定罪处罚。”。4、法律对盗窃罪的规定：（1 ）我国刑法第二百六十四条关于“盗窃公私财物，数额较大或者多次盗窃的，处……”；（2）1988年3月16日最高人民法院、最高人民检察院《关于如何运用刑法第一百五十三条〈修改后的刑法为第二百六十九条〉的批复》关于“被告人犯盗窃等罪，为抗拒逮捕等而当场使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁的，依照刑法第一百五十三条（修改后刑法为第二百六十九条）抢劫罪处罚。在司法实践中，有的被告人实施盗窃等行为，虽未达到‘数额较大’，但为了抗拒逮捕等当场使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁，情节严重的，按抢劫罪处罚，威胁情节不严重、危害不大的，不认为是犯罪”的规定；（3）1992年12月11日最高人民法院、最高人民检察院在《关于办理盗窃案件具体应用法律的若干问题的解释》中规定：“盗窃未遂，只有情节严重的，如明确以巨额现款、国家珍贵文物或者贵重物品等为盗窃目标的，才定罪并依法处罚。”；（4）1998年3月17日最高人民法院在《关于审理盗窃案件具件应用法律若干问题的解释》的规定“根据刑法第二百六十四条的规定，以非法占有为目的，秘密窃取公私财物数额较大或者多次盗窃公私财物的行为，构成盗窃罪。（一）盗窃数额，是指行为人窃取的公私财物的数额。（二）盗窃未遂，情节严重，如以数额巨大的财物或者国家珍贵文物等为盗窃目标的，应当定罪处罚。”；（5）1991年6月28日最高人民法院《关于盗窃未遂行为人为抗拒逮捕而当场使用暴力可否按抢劫罪处罚问题的电话答复》的规定，如果行为人“盗窃未遂”尚未构成盗窃罪，而使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁情节不严重、危害不大的，不认为是犯罪。（二）本案认定被告人犯抢劫罪（未遂），不宜认定被告人无罪。根据我国法律规定，结合本案实际案情，笔者认为：抢劫罪，是指以非法占有为目的，当场使用暴力、胁迫或者其也方法，强行立即劫取公私财物的行为。抢劫罪的主要特征是：1、侵犯的客体，是复杂客体，即不权侵犯了公私财产所有权，同时也侵犯了被害人的人身权利；2、在客观方面，行为人必须具有对公私财物的所有者、保管者或者守护者当场使用暴力、胁迫或者其他对人身实施强制的方法，立即抢走财物或者迫使被害人立即交出财物的行为。这种当场对被害人身体实施强制的犯罪手段，是抢劫罪的本质特征，也是它区别是于盗窃罪等最显著的特点。上述所谓胁迫，是指犯罪分子以立即实施暴力相威胁，实行精神强制，使被害人产生恐惧，不敢抗拒，被迫当场交出财物，或者任其随即劫走财物。这个胁迫，一般是针对被害人的，有的也可以是针对在场的被害人亲属、朋友或者其他有关人员的。通常是以明确的语言作出威胁，使有惊恐而不敢反抗。判断犯罪行为是否构成抢劫罪，应以犯罪分子非法占有财物的当场是否实际采取了暴力、胁迫或者其他方法为标准。有的犯罪分子作了盗窃和抢劫两手准备，携带凶器，于夜晚潜入作案地，发现作案地的人员睡着等，轻而易举地偷走了财物，应定为盗窃罪；如果盗窃过程中惊醒作案地人员，遭到抵抗或呼喊，当即拿出凶器使用暴动力，将物品抢走，则构成抢劫罪，没有劫走物品，构成抢劫罪（未遂）；3、在主观方面，本罪只能由直接故意构成，故意的内容必须以非法占有公私财物为目的；4、犯罪主体，是一般主体。一般抢劫罪，应以是否抢得财物为既遂与未遂标准。即抢到了财物，没有伤人，为既遂；没有抢到财物，也没有伤人，或者没有抢到财物，致人轻伤的，均为未遂。抢劫罪与盗窃罪区别主要是犯罪手段不同，盗窃罪是秘密窃取公私财物，它可以利用被害人熟睡、醉酒、重病等难以察觉有人作案之机窃取财物， 它与抢劫用药物麻醉、用酒灌醉被害人，置其于沉睡状态，从而劫走财物不同。其次，按照我国刑法，构成抢劫罪，没有规定被抢的财物数额；而构成盗窃罪等则规定“数额较大”是必要条件。转化型抢劫罪。我国刑法第二百六十九条的规定，这条文所列的情况，综合起来，已使犯罪性质转化成为抢劫罪，该条文：一是前提犯盗窃罪等，一般是指具有这些犯罪行为之一的。有的被告人实施盗窃等行为，虽未达到“数额较大”，但是，当场使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁，情节严重的，可以按照抢劫罪处罚；二是目的为抗拒抓捕等，抗拒抓捕是指抗拒公安机关或者任何公民特别是失主对他的抓捕、扭送；三是条件以暴力相威胁等，这是指犯罪分子对抓捕他的人实施足以危及身体健康或者生命安全的强暴行为，或者以将要实施这种行为相威胁，情节严重的，这是本条的关键之处，也是区别其他罪的根本点。如果使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁情节不严重、危害不大的，不认为是犯罪。如果没有伤害意图，只是为了摆脱抓捕、尽快逃走，而推推撞撞，可不认为是使用暴力；四是时间必须是当场，这是是指犯罪分子实施犯罪的现场；五是犯罪性质，由于上列情况的发生，主要是使用暴力，而使性质转化成为抢劫罪，所以依照刑法第二百六十三条的规定定罪处罚。抢劫罪与盗窃罪区别主要是犯罪手段不同，盗窃罪是秘密窃取公私财物，而抢劫罪是当面以使用暴力相胁迫，当场劫财，遇到抵抗立即施加暴力。本案被告人林某在实施的整个犯罪行为过程中，即林某在2203年12月23日晚11时许，林某窜至某面粉厂宿舍4栋401室陈某家，沿外墙爬上，用水果刀撬开窗户入室，在卧室欲行窃时被陈某发现并大声质问：“谁，你是谁？”。开灯后在阳上找到了被告人林某，林某见状，即将陈某推倒在卧室的床上，用水果刀顶住陈某的脖子，威胁说：“不要叫，再叫就捅死你。”，陈某害怕表示不叫，林某即按原路逃离现场。被告人林某秘密入户实施盗窃过程中，被陈某发现后采用暴力和持刀威胁方法拒捕，其行为构成犯罪上述三点基本特征，也构成犯罪未遂上述三点基本特征，也构成抢劫罪（未遂）上述四点抢劫罪特征和构成刑法第二百六十九条所规定的犯罪性质转化成为抢劫罪并符合其的五点特征，同时符合1988年3月16日最高人发法院、最高人民检察院机关于如何运用刑法第一百五十三条（新刑法二百六十九条）的批复所规定的构成案件。特别是林某在被房主发现时拿刀出来威胁房主，即林某用水果刀顶住陈某的脖子并用语言威胁“不要叫、再叫就捅死你”，其情节严重、危害大，林某使用暴力的行为，而使盗窃（未遂）的性质转化为抢劫罪（未遂）。这是本案的关键点。因此，被告人林某犯罪行为构成抢劫罪（未遂）。本案被告人林某在实施盗窃行为时，如果没有拿刀出来威胁房主，而是在房主喊叫后立即逃跑，即没偷到东西跑掉，林某则构成盗窃（未遂）。根据盗窃未遂及情节显著轻微，社会危害尚未达到应当受刑罚处罚的程度等，在此情况下才可以认为林某无罪。本案的案情不是这样，而是林某在盗窃过程中被发现而使用暴力相威胁，性质发生变化，符合抢劫罪（未遂）构成要件。因此，本案不可能认为被告人林某无罪。综上评析，本案应认定被告人林某犯抢劫罪（未遂），而不认为被告人林某无罪。