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这篇文章有几个非常有意思的句子和表达,我贴出来,大家一起赏析一下: 佳句篇:   Sentence 1. He helped popularise the idea that some diseases not previously thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which ruffled many scientific feathers when it was first suggested. 解析: Ruffle弄皱的意思 Ruffle one’s feathers惹怒(想想逆毛流撸猫) The idea that ...用的是同位语从句,不太多,常用搭配是the evidence that,the concept that 等。That后从句解释idea, concept或evidence等。 Which的指代问题。Which指代的不是上文任何一个出现的单词或词组,而是Dr. Cochran的这波操作。Sentence 2. Ashkenazim generally do well in IQ tests, scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100, and have contributed disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the careers of Freud, Einstein and Mahler, pictured above, affirm. disproportionately不成比例地 主干and复合句+非谓语动词scoring+as引导的从句(插入后置定语) 每个部分都不难,集合到一起就对理解产生障碍了。Sentence 3. But in the Middle Ages, success in Christian society tended to be violently aristocratic (warfare and land), rather than peacefully meritocratic (banking and trade). 这个句子不难,为什么拿出来是因为这个violently的用法。简单来讲,这一个单词乍一看是作aristocratic的副词,实则在翻译(以及理解)当中,我们必须单独翻译成一个实意的成分,而且作副词处理。 Aristocratic贵族统治 Meritocratic德治Sentence 4. That small, reproductively isolated groups of people are susceptible to genetic disease is well known. 主语从句,注意that.Sentence 5. Most of the dozen or so disease genes that are common in them belong to one of two types: they are involved either in the storage in nerve cells of special fats called sphingolipids, which form part of the insulating outer sheaths that allow nerve cells to transmit electrical signals, or in DNA repair. 典型长句,如何解析? Most of the dozen or so  disease genes that are common in them  belong to one of two types: Or so大约 斜体作的是disease genes they are involved either in the storage in nerve cells of special fats called sphingolipids, which form part of the insulating outer sheaths that allow nerve cells to transmit electrical signals, or in DNA repair. either or后面是两个in... 第一个in后面的which form part of the insulating outer sheaths解释的是Sphingolipids that allow nerve cells to transmit electrical signals解释的是sheaths。 也就是说,(非限制性)定语从句后面紧接另一个定语从句。 第二个in后面很简单,但!!!文章最后一段有解释,对于 文章结构 至关重要。Sentence 6&7. Thus, the theory goes, the pressure  to keep the sickle-cell gene in the population because of its malaria-protective effects balances the pressure  to drive it out because of its anaemia-causing effects. It therefore persists without becoming ubiquitous. 两句话放一起。 主干已加黑。很有意思的句子,工整、对仗,而又解释非常清楚。 下一句,persist和ubiquitous用词极其精准,整句话像外科手术般,精准简练。作者还是怕读者一下子没读懂,用简单而又高效的句子总结下。写作手法很老练高超,字字玑珠,像极了宝马M3。Sentence 8. Genes that promote intelligence in an individual when present as a single copy create disease when present as a double copy. 乍一看没什么稀奇,再一看,把一个comparison分别放在了主语和谓语的修饰成分中,可谓老辣。 作何解? That promote intelligence对genes做了一个限定,指的是genes的其中一种特征,然后用when说明了适用情况。 Create谓语的主语也是genes,但这时候是没有限定的genes。Create disease做的是限定,其实对应的是promote intelligence。后面同样用一个when来说明范围。 简单来讲,genes的含义做了一个缩小和限定,又在create的时候恢复了genes的双重功能含义。 Promote intelligence和create diseases一个对应,尽管成分差别很大。 两个when的对比。 可谓神句。Sentence 9. An Israeli clinic devoted to treating people with Gaucher's has vastly more engineers, scientists, accountants and lawyers on its books than would be expected by chance. Than (what) would be expected by chance. 省略了what。。。你能理解吗? 还有这个books,这个同语境关联强烈。好的表达: 1. ruffle one’s feather 2. Tremble at the thought 3. Affirm作不及物动词(Ashkenazim generally do well in IQ tests, scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100, and have contributed disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the careers of Freud, Einstein and Mahler, pictured above, affirm. ) 4. aristocratic v.s. meritocratic 5. Exact a price类似用法 exert influence附原文及翻译: Natural genius? 天生我才? The high intelligence of Ashkenazi Jews may be a result of their persecuted past 德系犹太人的高智商或许是因为曾经遭受迫害的后果 THE idea that some ethnic groups may, on average, be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran, a noted scientific iconoclast, is prepared to say it anyway. He is that rare bird, a scientist who works independently of any institution. He helped popularise the idea that some diseases not previously thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which ruffled many scientific feathers when it was first suggested. And more controversially still, he has suggested that homosexuality is caused by an infection. 某些少数民族的平均智商高于其他民族这一说法,是很多不敢公开的假设之一。不过著名的科学狂人Gregory Cochran 决意要做第一个吃螃蟹的人。他很特别,总是独立工作而不属于任何机构。某些曾被诊断并非病菌引起的疾病,其实病源来自传染病。这一观点因他的推动受到了关注。此观点一经提出,就受到了许多科学家的反对。这还不算,更具争议的是,他认为同性恋也是由传染病引起的。 Even he, however, might tremble at the thought of what he is about to do. Together with Jason Hardy and Henry Harpending, of the University of Utah, he is publishing, in a forthcoming edition of the Journal of Biosocial Science, a paper which not only suggests that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in question are Ashkenazi Jews. The process is natural selection. 然而就算是Cochran,也为自己接下来要做的事捏了一把汗。他准备同Utah大学的Jason Hardy与Henry Harpending一同,在最新一期的《生物社会科学杂志》发表一篇论文,文中不仅提出了某一少数民族比其他民族更聪明这一观点,还解释了这一结果产生的过程。文中两大主角就是德系犹太人和自然选择。 History before science 不管是否科学,先来看看历史 Ashkenazim generally do well in IQ tests, scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100, and have contributed disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the careers of Freud, Einstein and Mahler, pictured above, affirm. They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as Tay-Sachs and breast cancer. These facts, however, have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been put down to social effects, such as a strong tradition of valuing education. The latter was seen as a consequence of genetic isolation. Even now, Ashkenazim tend to marry among themselves. In the past they did so almost exclusively. 德系犹太人不仅在IQ测试上表现不俗,正常人一般在100分左右,而他们大多都能得个112-115分,而且虽然人数不多,但他们在欧洲知识、文化生活中的地位却举足轻重。想想弗洛伊德、爱因斯坦、马勒,我们就会点头称是了。但同时,他们中患有如泰-萨克斯病、乳腺癌这类严重的遗传疾病的比率明显高于其他种族。这些事实,最初被人们认为是毫无联系的。前者被说成是社会原因引起的,如浓烈的价值观教育的传统;后者则被说成是基因隔离的结果,不过即使是现在,德系犹太人还是愿意同本族人结婚,在过去,就更是如此了。 Dr Cochran, however, suspects that the intelligence and the diseases are intimately linked. His argument is that the unusual history of the Ashkenazim has subjected them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this paradoxical state of affairs. 但Cochran博士对以上两点表示质疑,并认为德系犹太人的天赋异禀与痛病缠身联系密切。他认为正是异常的历史环境强加给了德系犹太人独有的进化压力,才导致了这些看似奇怪的现象。 Ashkenazi history begins with the Jewish rebellion against Roman rule in the first century AD. When this was crushed, Jewish refugees fled in all directions. The descendants of those who fled to Europe became known as Ashkenazim. 德系犹太人的历史源于公元1世纪。犹太人在反对罗马人的统治失败后,犹太难民四散而逃,逃亡欧洲的犹太后裔就是如今的德系犹太人。 In the Middle Ages, European Jews were subjected to legal discrimination, one effect of which was to drive them into money-related professions such as banking and tax farming which were often disdained by, or forbidden to, Christians. This, along with the low level of intermarriage with their gentile neighbours (which modern genetic analysis confirms was the case), is Dr Cochran's starting point. 在中世纪,欧洲的犹太人在法律上地位很不平等,结果之一就是他们不得不从事与金钱相关的职业,如被人看不起或不准基督徒涉足的银行或征税工作,此外,他们只能与邻居中社会地位较低的非犹太人通婚(这种状况通过现代基因学分析得到了证实)。上述就是Cochran 博士论文的起点。 He argues that the professions occupied by European Jews were all ones that put a premium on intelligence. Of course, it is hard to prove that this intelligence premium existed in the Middle Ages, but it is certainly true that it exists in the modern versions of those occupations. Several studies have shown that intelligence, as measured by IQ tests, is highly correlated with income in jobs such as banking. 他认为欧洲犹太人从事的职业都是些需要一定智商的职业,虽不能证明这些职业在中世纪时就是这样了,但在当代它们确实如此。一些研究表明,智力水平(按智力测试的标准来算)与工资水平(如那些从事银行工作的人)联系密切。 What can, however, be shown from the historical records is that European Jews at the top of their professions in the Middle Ages raised more children to adulthood than those at the bottom. Of course, that was true of successful gentiles as well. But in the Middle Ages, success in Christian society tended to be violently aristocratic (warfare and land), rather than peacefully meritocratic (banking and trade). 这些历史记录证明了,那些在欧洲工作地位较高的犹太家庭子女存活率要高于那些地位较低的犹太家庭。情况对于那些其他种族的也是一样的。但在中世纪,基督教社会中所谓的成功多是贵族通过战争与土地强争豪取,而非通过量才而用(如从事银行或贸易工作)和平地获得。 Put these two things together—a correlation of intelligence and success, and a correlation of success and fecundity—and you have circumstances that favour the spread of genes that enhance intelligence. The questions are, do such genes exist, and what are they if they do? Dr Cochran thinks they do exist, and that they are exactly the genes that cause the inherited diseases which afflict Ashkenazi society. 把智力与成功的关联以及成功与生殖力的关系合二为一,你就具备了有利于智商提高的基因传播的条件。问题是这种智商基因确实存在吗?假如它果真存在的话,那究竟是什么呢?科克伦博士认为它们的确存在,而且正是那种引起折磨德系犹太人遗传疾病的基因。 That small, reproductively isolated groups of people are susceptible to genetic disease is well known. Constant mating with even distant relatives reduces genetic diversity, and some disease genes will thus, randomly, become more common. But the very randomness of this process means there should be no discernible pattern about which disease genes increase in frequency. In the case of Ashkenazim, Dr Cochran argues, this is not the case. Most of the dozen or so disease genes that are common in them belong to one of two types: they are involved either in the storage in nerve cells of special fats called sphingolipids, which form part of the insulating outer sheaths that allow nerve cells to transmit electrical signals, or in DNA repair. The former genes cause neurological diseases, such as Tay- Sachs, Gaucher's and Niemann-Pick. The latter cause cancer. 众所周知,越是人口稀少并且生育范围狭小的种族就越易患遗传疾病。总是于同族人通婚,就算不是近亲,也会较少遗传的多样性,同时也会使某些致病基因没有规律地在该种族内部泛滥起来。而这种无规律性意味着人们不知道何类致病基因会被大量传播。但对德系犹太人来说,Cochran 医生指出,情况却并非如此。他们当中最常见的十几种疾病基因基本上可以归结于两类:一类参与神经细胞中鞘脂类特殊脂肪)的储存。鞘脂组成一部分绝缘外层鞘,允许神经细胞发射电子信号。另一类参与DNA 的修复。前者基因会引发神经性疾病,如泰萨二氏病、脑苷脂沉积病和神经鞘磷脂沉积病;而后者会导致癌症。 That does not look random. And what is even less random is that in several cases the genes for particular diseases come in different varieties, each the result of an independent original mutation. This really does suggest the mutated genes are being preserved by natural selection. But it does not answer the question of how evolution can favour genetic diseases. However, in certain circumstances, evolution can. 上述看起来并非毫无规律。而且更趋于规律的表现就是,在一些病例中,特殊疾病的致病基因来自于不同的变体,而每个变体都是独立的原基因变异的结果。这就印证了变异基因是自然选择保留下来的结果,可它却不能回答自然选择为什么会成了遗传疾病的帮凶,但在一些特殊的条件下,进化能够产生这样的结果。 West Africans, and people of West African descent, are susceptible to a disease called sickle-cell anaemia that is virtually unknown elsewhere. The anaemia develops in those whose red blood cells contain a particular type of haemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen. But the disease occurs only in those who have two copies of the gene for the disease-causing haemoglobin (one copy from each parent). Those who have only one copy have no symptoms. They are, however, protected against malaria, one of the biggest killers in that part of the world. Thus, the theory goes, the pressure to keep the sickle-cell gene in the population because of its malaria-protective effects balances the pressure to drive it out because of its anaemia-causing effects. It therefore persists without becoming ubiquitous. 如西非人以及他们的后代易患一种叫做镰状细胞性贫血的疾病,这种病在西非之外几乎都没人听说过。贫血症发于那些红血球中含有一种特殊的血红蛋白,其蛋白质中含有氧气的人。但这种镰状细胞性贫血症只会发生在同时有两组这种致病的血红蛋白(父母都有这种血红蛋白)的人身上。而那些只有一组的人不但不会患这种贫血症,也不会患疟疾,该病被称为非洲的头号杀手。因此,我们可以这样说,抵御疟疾的特性使得镰状细胞在得以人体中存活下来,同时这种细胞导致贫血症的特性也会被人体排斥,只有在为保持这两种状态而产生的压力达到平衡时,才不会有任何一个特性占据上风。 Dr Cochran argues that something similar happened to the Ashkenazim. Genes that promote intelligence in an individual when present as a single copy create disease when present as a double copy. His thesis is not as strong as the sickle-cell/malaria theory, because he has not proved that any of his disease genes do actually affect intelligence. But the area of operation of some of them suggests that they might. Cochran博士认为,德系犹太人也面临着同样的情况,他们的某些基因如果以单组出现就可以提高智力,一旦以双组出现就会引起疾病。显然,该理论并不如他的镰状细胞/疟疾理论那样具有说服力,因为他尚未证明任何一种致病基因确实能够影响智力,但是某些基因的活动区域显示它们或许真能影响智力。 The sphingolipid-storage diseases, Tay-Sachs, Gaucher's and Niemann-Pick, all involve extra growth and branching of the protuberances that connect nerve cells together. Too much of this (as caused in those with double copies) is clearly pathological. But it may be that those with single copies experience a more limited, but still enhanced, protuberance growth. That would yield better linkage between brain cells, and might thus lead to increased intelligence. Indeed, in the case of Gaucher's disease, the only one of the three in which people routinely live to adulthood, there is evidence that those with full symptoms are more intelligent than the average. An Israeli clinic devoted to treating people with Gaucher's has vastly more engineers, scientists, accountants and lawyers on its books than would be expected by chance. 鞘脂储存类疾病,如泰萨二氏病、脑苷脂沉积病和神经鞘磷脂沉积病,都涉及到连接神经细胞的凸起的多余生长和分叉。显然,这种生长和分叉太多的话就会引起疾病。但是,也有可能,仅有单份致病基因的人会出现比较有限的、但仍然加强了的凸起生长。这将有助于加强脑细胞之间的连接,或许因此导致智力提高。实际上,在脑苷脂沉积病的例子中,在三分之一能够活到成年的患者中,确实有证据表明完全发病的人拥有高于平均值的智商。根据一家专门治疗脑苷脂沉积病的以色列诊所的医疗记录,患者中的工程师、科学家、会计和律师的比例多于常人。 Why a failure of the DNA-repair system should boost intelligence is unclear—and is, perhaps, the weakest part of the thesis, although evidence is emerging that one of the genes in question is involved in regulating the early growth of the brain. But the thesis also has a strong point: it makes a clear and testable prediction. This is that people with a single copy of the gene for Tay-Sachs, or that for Gaucher's, or that for Niemann-Pick should be more intelligent than average. Dr Cochran and his colleagues predict they will be so by about five IQ points. If that turns out to be the case, it will strengthen the idea that, albeit unwillingly, Ashkenazi Jews have been part of an accidental experiment in eugenics. It has brought them some advantages. But, like the deliberate eugenics experiments of the 20th century, it has also exacted a terrible price. 为什么基因修复系统失灵会提高智力,现在还不清楚原因何在。虽然,陆续有证据表明产生问题的基因之一参与了调节大脑的早期发育,但是这仍是该论题最薄弱的环节。不过,该理论也有令人信服的地方:它对于拥有单份泰萨二氏病或脑苷脂沉积病或神经鞘磷脂沉积病基因的人会比普通人更聪明做出了明确而可检验的预测。Cochran 博士和他的同事认为,这些人的智商因此会比平均水平高出5 个点。尽管有人不愿接受,假如确实如此的话,它将有力地证明,德系犹太人在不经意间经历了优生实验,而这为他们带来了智商上的优势。但是,如同发生在20 世纪的人为的优生实验一样,它同样让他们付出了可怕的代价。

原文链接: 本文选自 The Economist 1月刊文章 Glass Half-Empty As they examine how Mr Baumgartner and others reverse morbid patterns of thought, the authors set out a rule of thumb: “It takes four good things to overcome one bad thing.” 自译:作者们在研究鲍姆加特纳和其他人是如何逆转病态思维模式的过程中,提出了一个拇指法则:“克服一件坏事的影响需要四件好事。” 参考:两位作者开始研究鲍姆加特纳和其他人是如何逆转病态的思维模式的,过程中他们提出了一条经验法则:“克服一件坏事的影响需要四件好事。” Morbid 这个单词,中文解释是“病态的”,看英文更好理解一点:used to describe anyone who spends too much time thinking about death or disease. 那么文中提到的 others 就表示一些花费过多时间思考死亡或疾病的群体。 Morbid 这个单词来源于词根 morbidus,意思是“diseased”或者“sick”,除了形容人外,还可用于形容物,比如,“如果你把墓碑挂在墙上,你的艺术品位也可能被描述为病态”,If you hang tombstones on your walls, your taste in art could also be described asmorbid. 在本段中,运用了一个俚语,Rule of thumb,表示“经验之谈;经验法则”的意思,英文解释:a pratical and approximate way of doing or measuring something,“有个方便实用的估算方法,即两把生米够一人吃的量”,A good rule of thumb is that a portion of rice is two handfuls. 再比如,“如果有人伤心,有个实用方法,给她看电视剧《大主宰》就好了。”If someone is sad, there is a wonderful rule of thumb to show her or him the TV series "The Great Master" starring RoyWang.(亲测有用) Set out 主要有两个意思:【文中采取第一个意思】 To start an activity with a particular aim (怀着特定目的)开始,着手 She set out with the aim of Amwaying TV series "The Great Master" to the people around her.她努力的目标就是向周围人安利超级好看的电视剧《大主宰》。 [ + to do sth. ] Many Doctors set out to discover a cure for the new coronavirus.许多医生开始寻找一种治愈新型冠状病毒的方法。 2. To start a jouney 出发,启程 Accordingly, they are less keen onaccentuatinglife’s positives than on trying tomuffle its negatives.In part that meansreframing adversity, like wounded soldiers who view injury “not as something that shattered their plans but as something that started them on a new path”. 自译:于是,相比较强调生活的积极态度,他们更热衷于尝试消除负面影响。这意味着克服逆境,就像受伤的士兵,将受伤看作是重新开始一段新的路程而不是打乱了他们的计划。 参考:相应地,他们不太热衷于强调生活的积极面,而更注重积极去降低消极面的影响。在某种程度上,这意味着要重新审视逆境,就像受伤的士兵认为负伤“不是打碎了他们的计划,而是推动他们走上了一条新的道路”。 错误点:accordingly 翻译不准确;最后一句引号中内容翻译时没有强调。 Than 为连词,引导比较状语从句,句子有省略;第一个 that 为指示代词,who 为关系代词,引导定语从句,句中含有 not…but… 并列结构,意为“不是……而是……”;第二个 that 为关系代词,引导定语从句。 Accentuate life's positives 与  muffle its negatives 是一对相反的意思,其中 accentuate 意思是“着重,强调;使明显”,英文释义为:to emphasize particular feature of something or to make something more noticeable. 例如,“她的裙子衣袋系得很紧,凸显出苗条的腰身”可以这样说:Her dress was tightly belted, accentuating the slimness of her waist. 后一个动词 muffle 有两层意思,表意是“使(声音)变轻微(或低沉)[to make a sound quieter and less clear]”,例如,“这所房子装有双层玻璃以减弱飞机噪声的干扰”,The house has double-glazed windows to muffle the noise of aircraft. 文中使用的是它的引申义“削弱,使模糊[to make something less strong or clear]”。 因此,语段they are less keen on accentuating life's positives|| than on trying to muffle its negatives. 可以用英文解释为:They are less keen on emphasize life's positives than on trying to make its negatives less strong. 文中用 reframe adversity 表示“重新审视逆境”,用英文解释为:to change the way to consider unlucky situations or events. 积累到一个表示“逆境”的新词:adversity [in the sense of hardship],其同义词还有:hardship, trouble, distress, suffering, trial, disaster, reverse, hard times, sorrow, catastrophe, woe, misfortune, bad luck, deep water, calamity, mishap, affliction, ill-fortune, ill-luck 对于 deep water,我们通常说的“水深火热”可以用到这个词:deep water and scorching fire。 Shatter their plans,参考翻译为“打碎他们的计划”,其中 shatter 的意思为:to end or severely damage something,严重破坏某事。“这本书击碎了她对罗马人的一切幻想”The book shattered all her illusions about the Romans. 有时也可用于打破宁静,例如“吵闹的摩托声打破了宁静/平静/静谧”, Noisy motorbikes shattered the peace/calm/stillness. 有时候,我们或许经历着谷底,但换个角度看,生活也就不那么难熬,「人如果一直敷衍地生活,很容易觉得时间飞逝而自己一事无成;如果偶尔经历一些难熬的瞬间,就能稍微抓住些时光的痕迹」(引自《环球人物》专栏《王源说》) Sometimes, we may in the deep water, but from another perspective, life is not so hard. "If people live perfunctorily all the time, it's easy to feel that time flies and they can't achieve anything; if they occasionally experience some adversities and try to muffle its negatives, maybe they can grasp some traces of time".(quoted from the global people column "RoyWang Said") On a more parochial note, they advise that people who have to deal with rude customers finish every encounter, no matter how bruising, with a positive gesture— and that if you are likely to be on the receiving end of reviews, you should get a friend to summarise them, to avoid direct exposure to indelibly hurtful phrases. 自译:在更具体的警示上,他们建议人们在与粗鲁的顾客打交道时都以积极的姿势结束商谈,不管事情有多糟糕——如果你可能是接受评价的一方,你需要找一个朋友去做总结,去避免直接接触不能消灭的会让你受伤的话语。 参考:在一个更具体的情境中,他们建议那些不得不与粗鲁的顾客打交道的人以积极的姿态结束每一次接触,不管刚刚的经历有多么让人受伤——另外,如果你很有可能是要接受评价的一方,那你应该找一个朋友替你来总结评语,从而避免直接接触到那些可能会造成不可磨灭的伤害的恶言恶语。 第一个 that 为连词,引导宾语从句;who 为关系代词,引导定语从句;no matter 引导让步状语从句;to summarize 为不定式,作宾语补足语(或称复合宾语)。 On a more parochial note,“在一个更具体的情境中”,parochial 有两层意思,第一层是“教区的”,parochial boundaries 就是“堂区分界线”的意思;文中采取的是它第二层意思,“showing interest only in a narrow range of matters, especially those that directly affect yourself, your town, or your country,偏狭的,尤其是自己或者地方观念的”,这里翻译成“在一个更狭隘的情境中”就有点别扭,结合上下文,所以翻译成“在一个更具体的情境中”。 通常我们说“打交道”用的都是:to come into contact with 或者 to have dealings,文中用的是:to deal with sb.  这个短语特用于在工作上与某人打交道,后面也可以接 sth,意思是“处理,动手解决 [to take action in order to achieve something or in order to solve a problem]”,例如:General enquiries are dealt with by our head office. (普通的咨询由我们总部来解决。) Indelibly hurtful phrases,不可磨灭的恶言恶语。Indelible 本义是指“洗不掉的[an indelible mark or substance is impossible to remove by washing or in any other way]”,例如,洗不掉的墨水渍,indelible ink. 这里使用的是引申义“(记忆或行为)不可磨灭的[indelible memories or actions are impossible to forget, or have a permanent influence or effect]”,“这一次的疫情给全国人民留下了不可磨灭的印象”, This outbreak of coronavirus makes an indelible impression for our country. A few of the authors’ tips are bland:keep to a minimum your dealings with any colleague who is clearly a bad apple, “make time for nostalgia” and in dark moments try repeating the analgesic phrase, “This too shall pass.” 自译:作者的某些建议很温和:减少与任何事害群之马的同事打交道,“找点时间怀旧”和在黑暗的时刻,尝试反复念叨安慰的话语,“这些都会过去的。” 参考:作者的某些建议平淡无奇:尽量少和任何明显是害群之马的同事打交道;“腾出时间怀旧”;在黑暗时刻试着反复默念能够抚慰伤痛的话语——“都会过去的。” 本段采用一般现在时;Keep 开头为祈使句,to a minimum 为介词短语作状语,被移位到宾语之前;who 为关系代词,引导定语从句。 bland:not having a strong taste or character or not showing any interest or energy 无滋味的;枯燥乏味的,没精打采的,“在枯燥乏味的日子,看看王源主演的电视剧《大主宰》成了我为数不多的乐趣”,On the bland days, watching the TV series "The Great Master" starred by RoyWang become one of my few pleasures. A bad apple,害群之马;a bad apple spoils the barrel 一粒老鼠屎坏了一锅汤(one grain of rat feces ruins the whole pot of porridge.) More often, though, their tone is challenging. They believe that higher education, after decades of enfeeblement by exaggerated anxieties about student well-being, should embrace a policy of “less carrot and more stick”. 自译:但更多时候,他们的论调具有挑战性。他们认为几十年来,高等教育对学生的未来太过焦虑,应采取措施“少给胡萝卜,多些棍棒。” 参考:不过更多时候,他们的论调很挑战人们的认知。他们认为,几十年来,高等教育对学生的福祉焦虑过度,以致自身衰弱无力,如今应采取“少给些胡萝卜,多来些大棒”的政策。 enfeeble:to make someone or something very weak 使衰弱;使无力 Embrace a policy,采取措施。Embrace 在这里是“采纳[to accept something enthusiastically]”的意思,“这样的机会他是求之不得的”,This was an opportunity that he would embrace. Public debate, they argue, tends to be shaped by people whose livelihood depends on amplifying the chances of catastrophe. Thus the commentariat offers rivetingly grim pieces about the risks of opioid pain-relievers, but fails to acknowledge their benefits. 参考:他们指出,有些人的生计就是靠夸大灾难事件发生的概率,而能够影响公共辩论的往往正是这种人。因此,时事评论员的报道都在说阿片类镇痛药物的风险如何之大——而不愿承认这类药物的益处。 To be shaped 为不定式,作宾语,采用被动语态;whose 引导定语从句;offers 为双宾动词作谓语,采用一般现在时,rivetingly 为间接宾语,pieces 为直接宾语;to acknowledge 为不定式作宾语。 Public debate,公开争论。“这个问题早就为大众所争论不休了”,This issue is long overdue for a public debate. Amplify 本意是“to make something louder,扩大(声音)”,例如:amplified music/guitar,经过扩音的音乐/带有扩音设备的电吉他。另一层意思是“to increase the size or effect of something,增强”,“葬礼可以渲染生者痛失亲人的哀悼之情”,A funeral can amplify the feelings of regret and loss for the relatives. At times, such judgments on supposedly overblown negativity may strike readers as a touch blasé (the authors reckon a patient’s risk of addiction to opioids is “probably less than one or two percent”). 自译:有时,过于消极的判断会让读者感到厌倦(作者们认为患者对阿片类药物上瘾的风险“或许少于1%或2%”)。 参考:有时,这种对于“过度消极”的判断可能会让读者感到一丝冷漠(作者认为患者对阿片类药物上瘾的风险“可能不到1%或2%”)。 The pair are at their most bracing when, instead of lambasting the doomsayers,they extol “the upside of bad” and the power of negative experiences “to sharpen the mind and energise the will”. 自译:替代抨击末日预言家,他们赞扬“坏事的积极面”和消极经历“磨砺头脑和激发意志力”的力量。 参考:但当他们选择不去痛斥末日预言家,而是赞美“坏事的积极面”和消极经历“磨砺头脑和激发意志力”的力量时,还是相当让人精神一振。 At their most bracing,相当让人精神一振。其中 bracing 表示“(空气或活动)清新的”,英文释义是:(of weather) cold and perhaps windy; (of an activity) making you feel full of energy because it is done outside when the weather is cold and perhaps windy.例如,“我们在沙滩上散步,感到心旷神怡”,We enjoyed a bracing walk on the beach. It has to be said, though, that some of those upsides come with titanic quantities of downside. At one point, they approvingly cite Samuel Johnson’s macabre observation that “when a man knows he is to be hanged in a fortnight, it concentrates his mind wonderfully.” 自译:然而,不得不说的是,他们所说的积极面是从巨大的消极面中获得。在某一点,他们引用了塞缪尔·约翰逊惊人的观察:“当一个人知道他两周内会被绞死,他的思想就集中了。” 参考:然而不得不提的是,他们所说的积极面有些要从极其巨大的消极面中才能获得。在书中某一处,他们赞许地引用了塞缪尔·约翰逊令人恐怖的心得:“当一个人知道他两周内就会被绞死时,他的思想就变得高度集中了。” 错误点:单词太多不认识;语句翻译不通顺。 进入公/众/号:分享给你我生活,查看更多

《经济学人》(英文名:The Economist,中文名又叫:经济学家)于1843年在英国伦敦建刊,以独立和全球化的视角著称。《经济学人》每周四晚上在世界六个地方同步印刷,每周六全球同步出版,同时于当天晚些时候在网上更新最新一期的内容,4-5期/月。《经济学人》是一本完全国际化期刊,其中80%的发行量来自英国之外。 自建刊以来,《经济学人》一直秉承其创建者James Wilson的办刊原则。在创刊计划书中James Wilson写到:“我们真诚的相信,自由贸易和自由交往在全世界传播文明和道德的作用是其他任何现有的媒介无法比拟的” 。但杂志的第三任主编Walter Bagehot才是使《经济学人》杂志发扬光大的人。他使杂志的触角向政治问题延伸。现在,《经济学人》的文章不仅涉及时势、商业、金融和经济,还涉及到科学、技术和艺术。无论主题是什么,《经济学人》的独立、坦率、简练和尊重事实的品质使其与众不同。 《The Economist》字体底色鲜红,客观公正是《经济学家》杂志的的生命所在。公司的构成禁止任何组织或个人获得杂志半数以上的持股权。该杂志所有的文章都不署名,皆由集体创作,就象它的主编们认为的那样:写出什么样的东西,比出自谁的手笔更重要。 《经济学人》文章除了一些我们不熟悉的题材外,其中的大多数文章写得机智、幽默、有力度。这些优点是任何一家英文主流报刊所不能比拟的。只要你有4000左右的词汇量,读起来都不会有太多的不适应感。官方网址为:。另外,最重要的是历年考研英语阅读真题很多文章来自《经济学人》杂志,这点对要参加考研词友而言太关键了。点击下载:2007年07月21日《经济学人》The Economist原版英文杂志下载注意: 1、以上内容每周一定时更新,更多内容请到这里去下载。 2、以上文件都是PDF格式,需要Adobe Reader 7.0以上版本才能打开,如果打不开说明你的版本太低,点击这里下载Adobe Reader 最新版本!

2020经济学人杂志下载

“外刊每日精读VIP”可以看的

去淘宝天猫或经济学人官网(Economist subscription offer)可购买及订阅纸质版或电子版经济学人杂志,还可以下载APP订阅电子版,也可以去实体书店购买纸质版经济学人(书店太多,只列出大陆可以购买纸质版经济学人杂志的部分书店:有方所,横山和集,(北京)中图外文书店,(上海)中图现代书店,上海外文书店,苏州诚品书店,益文书局,广州New Page 外文书店等)(大连,西安地区目前暂时没有找到符合条件的相关实体书店)去中图我要报刊网(报刊 杂志订阅 中图我要报刊网)可订阅纸质版及电子版(此网站电子版不单独订阅,只能与纸质版一起订阅)也可以联系中国图书进出口总公司(中图外文书店),中国图书进出口上海公司(现代书店),广州公司,深圳公司,西安公司,大连公司,上海外文图书公司(上海外文书店),北京外文书店(北京市图书进出口有限公司等订阅经济学人杂志。需注意经济学人纸质版会有被撕页的情况发生(某一期的某一页违反相关规定,审读不予通过,故予以查处相关页面)

我给大家推荐eco中文网论坛,论坛里有很多喜欢这本杂志的网友翻译讨论每期的每篇文章,每周论坛还会更新The Economist的电子版和官方音频版(这个是极好的),我每周都会下载来听,内容和纸质版一样,还能锻炼听力。我发现时真是相见恨晚,你一定会喜欢的。

1.获取方式:

Calibre抓取。不得不赞一下这个超级牛逼的软件,其他功能不说,单说抓取新闻。Calibre可以自动抓取很多新闻,很多国外主流媒体都在抓取之列,当然因为天朝强大的“万里长城”有些资源会抓取失败,比如NYtimes,但是经济学人是可以顺利抓取的,在抓取那里订阅之后,只要你电脑联网,每周固定时间,Calibre会自行下载。你就再也不用到处求人了。自力更生万岁,欧也!抓取的时候可以设置格式,mobi,epub,pdf都有,看你想要什么格式!2:音频获取。经济学人官网有开源,Audio Edition开源代码。MMDD为每周发行日(周六)的月份与日期,比如最近这期,就是1109,Issue后面的****为8798+该周六距离2012年8月18日的周数,这句可以不要理,我已经算好了,2013.11.2那期的****相应为8860,那么各周,在上面依次加就是,本周的****就是8861.下一周的8861+1, 这时候打开迅雷,复制代码,迅雷会自动探测到,然后就开始下载了。

Time是成年人的杂志,我认为16岁以下的孩子会看得懂或有太大的兴趣。但Time认识到这点,为此推出了Time for kids 即儿童版 。内中又有不同程度的版本。每年$24。也是一周一期,薄薄的几页纸。其中的内容和用词都是根据孩子不同程度选出的。Economist 我不认为一般的成人可以看懂。普通美国人也是看不懂的。美国孩子跟中国孩子有不同之处,在于美国孩子知识面相对较广,因此看时代这类综合性杂志较容易懂。但经济学人的内容已超出了他们的认识能力。

经济学人杂志免费下载

其实这本杂志基本上大学生以上的人群在看。对于你提到考研英语阅读文章来自这本杂志,本人对此很认同。根据统计,大约70%的考研文章来自于《The Economist》 (经济学家)、《Newsweek》 (新闻周刊)、《Time》 (时代周刊)以及《U.S News and World Report》 (美国新闻与世界报道)这四本杂志。根据这个规律,那么广大网友在平时复习时考研英语的时候,在选择阅读的材料上就有了很强的目的性,这样对我们广大考生来说也会起到事半功倍的效果。现把国外常见的报刊杂志按照类型进行归类总结: 1、经济类文章主要来源:The Economist (经济学家),Business Week (商业周刊),Wall Street Journal(华尔街杂志); 2、科学技术类文章主要来源:Nature (自然),Discovery (探索),Science (科学),National Geographic (国家地理),Scientific American (科学美国人),New Scientists (新科学家); 3、社会生活以及文化类文章主要来源:Newsweek (新闻周刊),Time (时代周刊),U.S News and World Report (美国新闻与世界报道),The Washington Post (华盛顿邮报),USA Today (今日美国),The Times (泰晤士报),The Guardian (卫报),和The World Report (世界报道);New York Post(纽约邮报) 4、其它来源:Independent (独立日报), International Herald Tribune (国际先驱论坛), Telegraph (英国电信日报)。大家如果需要《经济学人》原版杂志得话,点击下面可以免费下载:

1、经济学人 官方APP

可以在App Store搜索 “The Economist” 或者 “经济学人商论”,都是可以下载到的。说一下区别哈,商论是从《经济学人》周刊的商业、金融和科技版精心挑选的内容,也就是精选过题材的内容。

2、微信APP—公众号

现在很多人都喜欢每天刷一刷微信公众号里的文章,所以用微信APP看经济学人也是非常不错的选择。这里也推荐三个平台:经济学人集团,经济学人商论,经济学人考研英语;

经济学人集团也就是 官方的公众号,经济学人商论是商业题材为主的内容。经济学人考研英语是考研题材相关的内容。大家可以各取所需。

《经济学人》(英文名:The Economist,中文名又叫:经济学家)于1843年在英国伦敦建刊,以独立和全球化的视角著称。《经济学人》每周四晚上在世界六个地方同步印刷,每周六全球同步出版,同时于当天晚些时候在网上更新最新一期的内容,4-5期/月。《经济学人》是一本完全国际化期刊,其中80%的发行量来自英国之外。 自建刊以来,《经济学人》一直秉承其创建者James Wilson的办刊原则。在创刊计划书中James Wilson写到:“我们真诚的相信,自由贸易和自由交往在全世界传播文明和道德的作用是其他任何现有的媒介无法比拟的” 。但杂志的第三任主编Walter Bagehot才是使《经济学人》杂志发扬光大的人。他使杂志的触角向政治问题延伸。现在,《经济学人》的文章不仅涉及时势、商业、金融和经济,还涉及到科学、技术和艺术。无论主题是什么,《经济学人》的独立、坦率、简练和尊重事实的品质使其与众不同。 《The Economist》字体底色鲜红,客观公正是《经济学家》杂志的的生命所在。公司的构成禁止任何组织或个人获得杂志半数以上的持股权。该杂志所有的文章都不署名,皆由集体创作,就象它的主编们认为的那样:写出什么样的东西,比出自谁的手笔更重要。 《经济学人》文章除了一些我们不熟悉的题材外,其中的大多数文章写得机智、幽默、有力度。这些优点是任何一家英文主流报刊所不能比拟的。只要你有4000左右的词汇量,读起来都不会有太多的不适应感。官方网址为:。另外,最重要的是历年考研英语阅读真题很多文章来自《经济学人》杂志,这点对要参加考研词友而言太关键了。点击下载:2007年07月21日《经济学人》The Economist原版英文杂志下载注意: 1、以上内容每周一定时更新,更多内容请到这里去下载。 2、以上文件都是PDF格式,需要Adobe Reader 7.0以上版本才能打开,如果打不开说明你的版本太低,点击这里下载Adobe Reader 最新版本!

1.如何订阅经济学人文章?可以订阅经济学人商论APP,付费之后可以学习里面的双语文章,一年500元。也可以看一些平台的学习笔记更新,比如高斋外刊双语精读,定期也可以经济学人原文和笔记。比如这种:经济学人18年2月期 No ordinary Zhou非凡人物周小川China’s formative central banker is about to retire, but his influence will live on.为中国央行奠基立业的行长即将退休,但他的影响将一直持续原文:WHEN Zhou Xiaochuan took the helm of China’s central bank 15 years ago, the world was very different. China had just joined the World Trade Organisation and its economy was still smaller than Britain’s. Foreign investors paid little heed to the new governor of the People’s Bank of China. He seemed safe to ignore: another black-haired, bespectacled official whose talk was littered with socialist bromides.官方译文:周小川15年前执掌中国央行时,世界与现今迥然不同。当时中国刚刚加入世贸组织,经济总量仍低于英国。外国投资者没把中国人民银行的这位新行长当回事。看起来,忽视他也没什么风险:这不过是又一位黑头发、戴眼镜的官员,一张嘴便是社会主义惯用的陈词滥调。 第一句:WHEN Zhou Xiaochuan took the helm of China’s central bank 15 years ago, the world was very different. 周小川15年前执掌中国央行时,世界与现今迥然不同。一、《经济学人》中是如何介绍人物的?the world was very different:《经济学人》在介绍人物时,前半句一般是“介绍人物+所做重要事件+时间”,后半句用“the world was very different”、“the world was a different place”等类似表达。在平常的英语写作中,可以借鉴类似表达,提升语言张力。比如在介绍马斯克的时候这样说:WHEN Elon Musk started Tesla in 2003 the world was a different place.伊隆马斯克2003年创办特斯拉时,世界与现在大不同。二、“执掌...”英语怎么说?take the helm of:比如金融时报这样说:Guo Shuqing, who took the helm of the CSRC in late October, said in a first public address this month that he wanted to clean up markets.10月末开始执掌中国证监会的郭树清,本月在第一次公开讲话中表示,他要清理市场。第二句:China had just joined the World Trade Organisation and its economy was still smaller than Britain’s.当时中国刚刚加入世贸组织,经济总量仍低于英国。一、“经济总量”怎么说?在经济学人中,表达“经济总量时”,往往直接使用“economy”即可,而不使用“the amount of economy”、“economy aggregate”等。二、过去完成时的结构以及用法过去完成时表示过去某一时间之前完成的动作或发生的情况,句子谓语形式由had+动词的过去分词构成,通常表述为“过去的过去”。也可以跟有一定的时间状语,如by, before等介词或连词。“had just joined”:文章中第一句第二句所表达的思想为“周小川15年前执掌中国央行时,当时中国刚刚加入世贸组织......”。第一句中所使用的时态为一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作。从第二句“当时中国刚刚加入”这一动词我们可以判断出“加入世贸组织”是先于“周小川15年前执掌中国央行”的时间,因此本句中的时态应为“过去的过去”,因此采用了过去完成时这一语法结构。三、“所有格所修饰的名词”在什么情况下可以省略?its economy was still smaller than Britain’s(economy):所有格修饰的名词有时可以省略,这主要见于以下情形:(1) 、承前省略:即根据前文语境省略后文中所含的不言而喻的名词。Lily’s book is more interesting than Lucy’s (book). 莉莉的书比露西的书更有趣。(2) 、习惯性省略:当所有格所修饰的名词表示教堂、商店、诊所、某人家、某人办公室等时,所有格后的名词有时可以省略。如:I've got an appointment at the dentist's(dental clinic)at 11:15.我已预约11时15分到牙医诊所看病。第三句:Foreign investors paid little heed to the new governor of the People’s Bank of China. 外国投资者没把中国人民银行的这位新行长当回事。一、“没当回事”怎么说?pay little heed to: 比如金融时报这样说:For its first eight years in India, M& S, the mainstay of the British high street, paid little heed to this.在印度的头8年,作为英国大众消费市场支柱的玛莎百货几乎没有留意这一点。二、“行长”怎么说?Mervyn King, governor of the Bank of England, recently called for a "public and informed debate" on the issue.英国央行行长默文-金(MervynKing)近日呼吁就此问题展开“开诚布公的讨论”.取自经济学人18.2.1的文章:No ordinary Zhou非凡人物周小川第四句:He seemed safe to ignore: another black-haired, bespectacled official whose talk was littered with socialist bromides.看起来,忽视他也没什么风险:这不过是又一位黑头发、戴眼镜的官员,一张嘴便是社会主义惯用的陈词滥调。一、“s+v+adj.+to do”结构中,如何用 “不定式的主动形式表示被动含义”?seemed safe to ignore:忽视他也没什么风险其中需要满足两种条件:(1)表语是性质形容词;(2)主语是to do 的逻辑宾语。拓展:The book is interesting to read. 这本书读起来很有趣。二、“:”的解释说明作用在本句中,“:”前后是两个独立的句子,“:”前的句子表达了作者的情感态度,即周小川很容易受到忽略。而在“;”的后面进一步对于周小川的形象做出了描写,具体解释说明其容易受到忽视的理由。三、“,”在并列句中表示强调在英语句子中,通常用and连接两个并列成分,在此句中“black-haired”,和“bespectacled”之间用 “,”代替了“and”,起到了一种强调的作用。四、“官员”怎么说?"Our general objective is going to be what is good for the system, " the seniorofficial said. "We want the system to have enough capital. "“我们的大目标将是什么对整个系统有利,”这位高层官员表示。“我们希望整个系统有充足的资本金。”五、“充斥”、“比比皆是”怎么说”?be littered with:比如金融时报这样说:Furthermore, luxury remains an unpredictable industry at the best of times, littered with monster egos and family feuds.此外,即使在形势最好的时候,奢侈品也是个难以预测的行业,充斥着极度膨胀的自我意识和家族纷争。History is littered with conflicts that, in retrospect, look inexplicable but at the time seemed unavoidable.各种看上去无法解释,但当时似乎不可避免的冲突,在历史上比比皆是。六、“陈词滥调”怎么说?比如金融时报这样说:What replaces it, apart from feel-good bromides and political stitch-ups?那么,在泡沫破裂后,除了聊以自慰的陈词滥调以及政治撮合,取而代之的是什么呢?七、“whose”引导的定语从句whose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词, 它是关系代词who的所有格,在从句中作定语,也就是说当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系,表达“……的”意思时,用关系代词whose 引导定语从句,它既可以指代人,也可以指代物,既可引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。比如金融时报这样说:In the court next to me was a man whose business collapsed not long ago, after it had borrowed billions of pounds.隔壁球场有一位男士在打球,前不久他的企业由于数十亿英镑的贷款刚刚倒闭。It would only shift the surplus to the commodity exporters, whose propensity to consume out of additional export revenues may be very low.这将只是把盈余转移给大宗商品出口国,而这些国家将额外出口收入用于消费的倾向可能非常低。

100篇经济学人文章

Aerospace Down in flames A tragedy casts doubt on Russia’s civil-aviation renaissance 航空工业 火中坠落 一场悲剧令俄罗斯民航业的复兴蒙上阴影 了解时事的童鞋都知道,俄罗斯本月初发生了一场重大航空事故,造成41人遇难。此篇文章即为经济学人就该事件对俄罗斯飞机制造业发展所进行的梳理。 前两段说到,俄罗斯在UAC身上倾注了很大的期望,但一场事故彻底打破了这种希望。那么在事故之前,UAC有着什么样的目标呢?而它的实际情况又是否能支撑它达成那样的目标? ① Before the accident UAC was aiming to increase its share of global revenues from civilian aircraft, from 17% in 2017 to 40% by 2025. ②The target now looks unreachable. ③Yet even beforehand Sukhoi had been making only slow progress towards it. ④The company has grabbed 20% of the global market for regional jets and secured a similar number of orders as rival aircraft from Bombardier of Canada and Embraer of Brazil, the two firms which have historically dominated the sector. ⑤But although the SuperJet is cheaper to buy, even Russian airlines were already falling out of love with it, says Tom Chruszcz of Fitch, a rating agency. ⑥The lack of a global maintenance network made servicing Sukhois more expensive, and the amount of time not in the air longer, than for the Canadian and Brazilian jets. ⑦Sanctions on Russia have crimped the availability of spare parts outside of Russia. ⑧Alexei Navalny, a former member ofAeroflot’s board turned vocal critic of Mr Putin, has previously deridedSuperJets as “always standing idle” and generating losses for the flag carrier. 第①句给出了UAC在事故之前给自己定下的目标。 本句语言点: Aim 此处是用作动词: I] to try or intend to achieve something力求达到; Share : [singular,单数] the part of something that you own or are responsible for〔某人拥有或应负担的〕一份; 此处即为UAC在全球营收中的所占份额; Revenue :N-UNCOUNT Revenue is money that a company, organization, or government receives from people. (公司、组织或政府的) 收入; civilian aircraft 顾名思义是“民用飞机”,相对应的“军用飞机”则为military aircraft; 本句语法结构: Before the accident(时间状语) UAC(主语) was aiming(谓语) to increase its share of global revenues from civilian aircraft, from 17% in 2017 to 40% by 2025(状语). 主干则为: UAC was aiming toincrease its share. 第②句比较简单,一针见血地指出,该目标现在看来是遥不可及了。 The target now looks unreachable. 第③句进一步指出,UAC在某些方面还是做的不错的。 本句语言点: Beforehand : ADV If you do something beforehand, you do it earlier than a particular event. 事先; 预先; 表达“事情的进展”用 make progress, 常见搭配有: Slow/steady/rapid/good/significant/littleprogress 本句语法结构 Yet(表示转折) even beforehand(状语) Sukhoi (主语)had been making (谓语)only slow progress(宾语)towards it. 主干即为: Sukhoi had beenmaking only slow progress. 第④句紧接第三句,具体描述UAC在此前怎么就进展缓慢了。 本句语言点: Grab 抓取,这里的取义也是相关的: [ VN ] to take sth for yourself, especially in a selfish or greedy way (尤指自私、贪婪地)捞取,赚取,抢占;从释义可以看出,如果采用该词,则后面的市场份额、数额、金额、占比都应该是相对较大的,此处UAC占有全球20%的支线客机市场,是个不小的份额; regional jet : 支线客机(此处建议与前文的civil aircraft统一记忆); 支线客机:支线客机(regional aircraft)通常是指100座以下的小型客机,一般设计座位为35~100座; 干线客机 (trunk-liner):在客流量大的城市之间的干线上飞行的民航客机叫干线客机。我国一般把100座以下航程在3000千米以内的飞机划分为支线客机,而100座以上的飞机算做干线客机。 secure 此处不是安全,而是一个动词,常常与orders搭配: ~ sth (for sb/sth)~ sb sth ( formal ) to obtain or achieve sth, especially when this means using a lot of effort (尤指经过努力)获得,取得,实现, 除了与orders搭配,还常常与deal/contract搭配,表示“订立合同、达成协议”,当然也可以有其它的用法: He secured a place for himself at law school. 他在法学院取得了学籍。 Rival 此处是名词,表示“对手”,但也可以作为修饰成分,比如: a rival bid/claim/offer 竞争投标 rival groups 竞争团体; rival gang 敌对团伙; Dominate : to control or have a lot of influence over sb/sth, especially in an unpleasant way 支配;控制;左右;影响; Sector 代表一个行业:a part of an area of activity, especially of business, trade etc〔尤指商业、贸易等领域的〕部门;行业; 本句语法结构: The company(主语) has grabbed(谓语1) 20% of the global market(宾语1) for regional jets(介词短语做后置定语) and secured(谓语2) a similar number of orders(宾语2) as rival aircraft from Bombardier of Canada and Embraer of Brazil(此处省略了have secured), the two firms(前面2家公司的同位语) which(定从,修饰firms) have historically dominated(定从谓语) the sector(定从宾语). 主干很简单: The company hasgrabbed 20% of the global market and secured a similar number of orders. 第⑤句来了个转折,表示Superjet这个项目发展并不好。 本句语言点: Fall in love with…爱上… “不爱了”就是这里的 fall out of love with… Rating agency 在读外刊的时候会经常碰到,指“评级机构”; 本句语法结构: But although the SuperJet is cheaper to buy(转折状语从句), even Russian airlines(主句主语) were already falling out of love (主句谓语)with it, says Tom Chruszcz of Fitch, a rating agency(Fitch的同位语). 主干: Russian airlineswere already falling out of love with it. 第⑥句紧跟第五句,阐述为什么Superjet会发展受阻。 本句语言点: Maintenance : ~ (of sth) the act of keeping sth in good condition by checking or repairing it regularly 维护;保养; Service 此处也是“维修、维护”的意思: [ usually passive] to examine a vehicle or machine and repair it if necessary so that it continues to work correctly 检修;维护;维修;保养,比如: We need to have the car serviced. 我们得把车送去检修一下了。 这句话主要难点在它的结构: The lack of a global maintenance network(主语) made (谓语)servicing Sukhois (宾语1)more expensive(宾语补足语), and the amount of time not in the air(宾语2) longer(宾语补足语), than(此处省略the amount of time not in the air) for the Canadian and Brazilian jets(比较状语). than for the Canadian and Brazilian jets,此处省略了the amount of time not in the air,即比较的对象是“不在空中的时间”; 除了第六句提到的维修网络问题,第⑦句指出还有美国对俄罗斯的制裁也是原因之一。 本句语言点: Sanctions : [ Cusually pl. ] ~ (against sb) an official order that limits trade, contact, etc. with a particular country, in order to make it do sth, such as obeying international law 制裁; Crimp :( NAmE informal ) to restrict the growth or development of sth 妨碍(或阻止)…的发展,比如: The dollar'srecent strength is crimping overseas sales and profits.  美元最近的坚挺削减了海外的销售和利润。 spare part 指“零部件”; 本句语法结构: Sanctions on Russia(主语) have crimped(谓语) the availability of spare parts(宾语) outside of Russia(地点状语). 要阐述观点,总要找点权威人士说过的话,第⑧句就引用了Alexei Navalny的言论。 本句语言点: Board此处指“董事会”; Vocal 跟声音有关:telling people your opinions or protesting about sth loudly and with confidence 大声表达的;直言不讳的,比如: Foley has beenparticularly vocal in his criticism of the government. 福利批评政府时尤其直言不讳。 Critic “批评者”; Deride : [ VNV speech ] ~ sb/sth (as sth) ( formal ) to treat sb/sth as ridiculous and not worth considering seriously 嘲笑;愚弄;揶揄; Idle : ( of machines, factories, etc. 机器、工厂等 ) not in use 闲置的, 常见搭配有: to lie/stand/remain idle 闲置着; flag 有“国旗”的意思,此处代表俄罗斯; 本句语法结构: Alexei Navalny(主语), a former member of Aeroflot’s board(同位语) turned vocal critic of Mr Putin(过去分词短语后置修饰member), has previously derided(谓语) SuperJets(宾语)as “always standing idle” and generatinglosses for the flag carrier. 主干: Alexei Navalny has previously derided SuperJets. 本段中文:    此次空难发生前,UAC的目标是到2025年将其民用飞机在全球收入中的份额从2017年的17%提高到40%。现在看来这一目标是遥不可及了。然而,即便在这之前,苏霍伊公司朝此目标迈进的速度也很缓慢。苏霍伊公司已经占据了全球支线客机20%的市场份额,并获得了与加拿大庞巴迪公司(Bombardier)和巴西航空工业公司(Embraer)生产的竞争机型差不多数量的订单。后两家公司长期以来处于该领域主导地位。但评级机构惠誉(Fitch)的汤姆·赫鲁什奇(Tom Chruszcz)表示,尽管SuperJet的价格更便宜,但是就连俄罗斯自己的航空公司也已经不再青睐它。由于缺乏全球性的维修网络,SuperJet的维修费用高于加拿大和巴西的客机,维修停飞的时间也更长。对俄罗斯的制裁影响了俄罗斯以外地区的零部件供应。俄航前董事、后来常公开批评普京的阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼(Alexei Navalny)此前就曾嘲讽SuperJet“永远闲着”,导致这家国家航空公司亏钱。 本段有不少长句子,只要仔细剖析一下,主干支干都很清晰,所以对长句子不可有畏难情绪哦

接上文: 《经济学人》精读46:How Elon Musk does it (part 1) Lightly Seared on the Reality Grill Of the two goals, colonising Mars and contributing to the greening of the Earth, the second sounds more plausible, not least because it is widely shared. But SpaceX is in much better shape than Tesla. The firm is privately held (Mr Musk, who has a controlling stake, says it will remain so). In 2015 Google and Fidelity invested $1bn, and subsequent filings put the firm’s value at over $21bn. SpaceX has a commitment to modular design, vertical integration and continual improvement not previously seen in the space business. The Falcon Heavy, for example, used 28 Merlin engines, all of them built from scratch at the company’s plant in California, all of them much more powerful than the Merlins that powered the first Falcon 9 in 2012.The firm’s achievements have established it as a satellite launcher and as a logistics company, with its reusable Dragon spacecraft providing supplies to the International Space Station. This business will expand when, probably sometime next year, the Dragon is certified to ferry astronauts up there, too. “殖民火星”和 让世界变得更绿一点这两个目标听起来是第二个比较容易实现,但SpaceX的企业结构比较简单,就是Mr Musk控股最多。 SpaceX的不断改进,不断发展是这个行业里从来没发生过的,它的Falcon Heavy用的是最新的发动机,都是这家公司从零开始研发的! The innovation is continuing—which is just as well, because within a few years it may face serious competition from Blue Origin, a rocket company owned by Mr Bezos which is likely to prove more sprightly, and more ambitious than those SpaceX has faced to date. Treating the Falcon rockets as cash cows, SpaceX is moving its development efforts on to an even larger (and possibly also cheaper) launcher, known as the BFR, and a constellation of thousands of communication satellites, an undertaking that would exploit its ability to get things into space cheaply so as to provide high-speed internet access all around the world. Morgan Stanley, an investment bank, reckons that could bring the company’s value up to $50bn—though it will require mastering a new manufacturing challenge and facing new competitors. Tesla is already worth more than that: roughly $60bn. That is more or less the same value as GM, which makes 80 times as many cars. In 2004 Mr Musk took a big stake in Tesla, founded the year before, and became chairman; in 2008, when the company faced closure, he became CEO. It went public two years later and quickly became the world’s leading electric-car company; last year it produced over 100,000 vehicles. At the Model 3’s launch Mr Musk claimed that, by the end of 2017, it would be churning out 5,000 a week. sprightly: full of life and energy -- used especially to describe an older person-- a sprightly old woman of 80 constellation: a group of people or things that are similar in some way 特斯拉现在的市值大概600亿美元,和通用公司差不多,但是通用每年生产的汽车量特斯拉的80倍... It wasn’t. In fact it was nowhere near it. It made just under 2,500 Model 3s, half that promised week’s worth, in the entire fourth quarter of 2017. It now says it will hit 5,000 a week later this year; a previous claim that it would go on to 10,000 a week by the end of the year has been dropped. Meanwhile, it faces ever stiffer competition. The world’s established carmakers are getting into the electric game. Other new entrants include Alphabet, which owns Waymo, an autonomous-car firm that began as part of Google. Given all this, many think Tesla’s valuation unsustainable. Mr Musk sometimes seems to see their point. “This market cap is higher than we have any right to deserve,” he said when speaking to an audience of state governors in July 2017, soon after the company’s valuation first topped that of Ford. To reassure shareholders of Mr Musk’s commitment, in January Tesla proposed a new pay plan that ties all his earnings to strict milestones for revenues, annual profits (of which, so far, it has made none at all) and market capitalisation. The last of these sets a target of $650bn by 2028. That is roughly the current value of the world’s largest ten carmakers combined. stiff: difficult, strict, or severe-- stiff competition 特斯拉接下来将会面临着巨大的竞争,更多的企业进入电力汽车这块业务,其中最出名的就是Google 母公司的无人驾驶汽车,Waymo 所以连Mr Musk都承认现在的市值有点过高... To accomplish such rapid growth—all but unheard of in a company its size—Tesla has to become more than just the successful mass-market car company it still isn’t. It has to become an industry in and of itself, providing better, battery-powered alternatives to the internal-combustion engine wherever it is found, from lawnmowers to juggernauts, and also selling battery-storage systems to consumers and utilities on a huge scale. Why should anyone believe such hubris?One argument is that electric vehicles, designed and built the Tesla way, are both better and potentially much more profitable than the alternatives. A recent tear-down analysis by McKinsey, a consultancy, concluded that electric cars designed from scratch are much better (for example, on range and interior room) than those that are modified versions of petrol-fired cars and still made on existing production lines. And by keeping a great deal of its cars’ engineering in-house, as SpaceX does with its rockets, Tesla may stand to be much more profitable than its current competitors. Jeffrey Osborne of Cowen, an investment bank, calculates that 80% of the value of a Tesla is created in its manufacturing plant in Fremont, some three to four times the share for a typical passenger car. juggernaut: a very large, heavy truck-- called alson juggernaut lorry hubris: a great or foolish amount of pride or confidence 特斯拉这种生产电力汽车的模式,被认为比其他对手更有潜力,而且能有更大的利润。麦肯锡的研究分析表明,电力汽车研发从零开始比较好,比在原有的汽油汽车上改动来的更容易... What is more, electric-car factories could be a lot more productive than those for internal-combustion engines; whereas a conventional car has about 2,000 components in its drive chain, a Model S has fewer than 20. Mr Musk says that these advantages mean he can create a “machine that makes machines” qualitatively better than anyone else’s.But the so-far-pitiful production of the Model 3 suggests that, at best, that machine is proving hard to bed in. It also means Tesla is not getting the revenues it based its spending plans on. The “gigafactory”, a battery plant in which Tesla and Panasonic are investing $5bn, also has its problems. The investment is based on the idea that Tesla needs economies of scale in its battery business only achievable in a factory that is highly automated and utterly huge. Mr Musk says the gigafactory—near the town of Sparks, Nevada—will be, by footprint, the biggest building in the world. 传统汽车在驾驶链上有2000个零部件,而Model S 只有20个不到! Mr Musk说他们的优势就是“我们有能制造这些部件的机器”, 但是从他们Model 3的产能来看,那个机器不太好用哦,还有那个他和松下一起投资的“电池工厂” 也有问题...  Romit Shah of Nomura/Instinet, a bank, estimates that in late 2014, when the gigafactory was announced, global battery demand for electric vehicles was about 12 gigawatt-hours a year. Nomura thinks the gigafactory alone will have 40GWh of capacity by the end of this year. In 2016 Tesla bought SolarCity, a solar-power and home-energy-storage firm that Mr Musk had helped two of his cousins set up, for $2.6bn. One of the reasons was to soak up some of this huge supply of batteries. (Another was that SolarCity was drowning in debt; the bail-out of the CEO’s side-gig was controversial, but Tesla shareholders ended up backing it by a large margin.) Storage, not cars, may be the biggest market for batteries long-term: it was not an accident that the company changed its name from Tesla Motors to just Tesla last year. Getting the gigafactory up to its promised speed and scale is vital to Mr Musk’s plans. It has proved frustratingly difficult. A visit to Sparks late last year found J.B. Straubel, a co-founder of Tesla and now its chief technical officer, completely consumed with the automation efforts: “Ramping up such a complicated machine,” he says,“on this unprecedented timescale, has never been done before.” Last October Mr Musk tweeted that the project was in “Production hell, ~8th circle”. "电池工厂“的产能实在过剩,但在2016年特斯拉还把Solar-city买了,一个原因是它巨大的电池供应量,另外一个原因这家公司也负债重重(是Mr Musk帮助他的两个表兄成立的公司) 能量存储应该是将来的一个巨大发展机会,所以这就是为什么特斯拉把名字从"特斯拉汽车”改成了“特斯拉”。 总结: Musk 在下一盘很大的棋,很佩服他的能力! -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Results Lexile®Measure: 1300L - 1400L Mean Sentence Length: 20.40 Mean Log Word Frequency: 3.27 Word Count: 1200 这篇文章的蓝思值是在1300-1400L, 专八阅读题的难度也就这个,是经济学人里比较难的,不太好读! 使用kindle断断续续地读《经济学人》三年,发现从一开始磕磕碰碰到现在比较顺畅地读完,进步很大,推荐购买! 点击这里可以去亚马逊官网购买~

经济学毕业论文下载

你的论文准备往什么方向写,选题老师审核通过了没,有没有列个大纲让老师看一下写作方向?老师有没有和你说论文往哪个方向写比较好?写论文之前,一定要写个大纲,这样老师,好确定了框架,避免以后论文修改过程中出现大改的情况!!学校的格式要求、写作规范要注意,否则很可能发回来重新改,你要还有什么不明白或不懂可以问我,希望你能够顺利毕业,迈向新的人生。可以根据百度上搜索出的今年的数据,计算,进行修改的。相关数据、表格百度文库上可以找到。数据源:(是什么)研究区域描述:(如果你研究的是区域的话,要写出研究区域你要研究的那一方面的发展概况)数据处理方法:你用了什么方法,仔细描绘,比如怎么选取变量,有无修正参数或部分数据啦等等,怎么检验你处理的方法是否恰当啦怎么查找论文数据我们可以通过几个渠道获得中国的数据。查找《中国统计年鉴》等是一个选择,特别是在几年前,几乎是唯一的选择。好多图书馆里都收藏《中国统计年鉴》等,翻出有你所需数据的那一页,复印是一个不错的选择,当然你也可以选择拿出纸和笔,把所需要的数据都抄写下来。为了便于对这些数据做进一步的处理,接下来的工作可能有点枯燥:把你找的数据一个一个地输入到电脑。当然,现在情况改善好多了,比如要查找2004年的《中国统计年鉴》,中华人民共和国国家统计局网站提供免费下载,百度一下可以找到。如果你需要一应俱全的最新宏观经济数据,一个宝贵的来源是中国国家统计局提供的《进度统计数据》,百度一下可以找到。如果想要从数据收集之日起的完整国民经济核算资料,权威的来源是中国国家统计局国民经济核算司出版的《中国国内生产总值核算历史资料》(1952-1995)和《中国国内生产总值核算历史资料》(1996-2002)。在这两本年鉴里,提供了核算中国GDP的详实数据。特别是《中国国内生产总值核算历史资料》(1996-2002)提供了电子版,电子版数据不仅提供1996-2002年的详实数据,还大致回溯了1952-1995年间的数据,非常好用。如果你想要从数据收集之日起的较为完整的宏观经济数据,《新中国五十年统计资料汇编》和《新中国55年统计资料汇编》是一个不错的选择。遗憾的是,它们都没有提供电子版,但后者可以在中国资讯行下载。另外,还有许多收费网站提供较为详实的中国宏观经济数据,比如中国资讯行数据库,,百度一下可以找到、中国经济信息网 ,百度一下可以找到等。这些数据库很方便,但如果你没有登陆权限,也只能够“望梅止渴”了。如果你还没有找到你想要的数据,下面的一个网站也许有用。人大经济论坛 ,百度一下可以找到。 提供大量的可供下载的经济学资源,而且还有许多有用的连接。当然,这是一个免费的网站,但下载某些资源时,说不定要求一定的所谓积分限制。如何找美国的数据由位于华盛顿的美国政府印刷办公室出版、经济顾问委员会撰写的《总统经济报告》(Economic Report of President),提供了有关美国当前经济形势的描述和主要宏观经济变量数据。相当多的数据都可以追溯到1959年,甚至个别的可追溯到1929年。可能你已经留意到了,好多有关美国的图形,都是采用《总统经济报告》(2005)所附数据生成的。这些数据可以免费下载,网址是,百度一下可以找到。 。如果需要一应俱全安的数据,一个宝贵的权威来源是,美国商务部统计局出版的《美国统计概要》(Statistical Abstract of the United States),相当一部分数据可以免费下载,,百度一下可以找到。。如果想获得最近数据的详细资料,一个不错的选择是,美国商务经济分析局每月出版的《当代商业纵览》(Survey of Current Business)。,百度一下可以找到。如何找国外其它经济体的数据

学术堂整理了20个经济学毕业论文题目供大家参考:1、人口老龄化与社会经济发展相互关系研究进展2、探析艺术品市场与社会经济的相互影响3、退耕还林工程对生态环境及社会经济影响评价探讨4、清末民国时期四川烟草业与地域社会经济初论5、基于城市社会经济发展的城市管理模式探究6、社会经济发展与电力需求关联研究综述7、社会经济发展中审计问责的内涵与实现途径8、统计工作对社会经济发展的作用9、雾霾对社会经济发展的影响及治理对策--基于无锡地区的探索10、我国房地产经济和社会经济发展的相互协调11、"营改增"对我国社会经济及企业的意义12、浅析我国房地产行业对社会经济的影响13、新常态下信息化对社会经济发展的影响研究--基于省级面板数据的实证分析14、电子商务促进社会经济发展的演进路径--基于结构方程模型展开15、新社会经济发展背景下城市经营的定位转变16、干旱区耕地景观格局碎化特征及社会经济驱动因素分析17、关于气候变化对社会经济系统影响的机理和途径的探讨18、民航安全状况与社会经济指标关联分析19、新媒体对社会经济的影响简析20、当代中国社会经济转型的困境与策略选择

可以提供论文资料

想要写出一篇具有吸引力的经济学论文,首先得有个好的论文题目,很多人都不知道如何进行论文选题。下面我给大家带来2021经济学专业 毕业 论文题目_经济学论文如何选题,希望能帮助到大家!

微观经济学毕业论文题目参考

1、我国绿化工程监理微观环境分析

2、知识产权对微观经济的作用机理研究

3、外生驱动互联网消费增长的微观空间计量研究

4、房地产市场反周期宏观调控政策绩效的微观探析

5、劳动力成本上升对现代服务业企业升级的影响研究--基于微观企业财务层面以信息技术产业为例

6、宏微观因素对商业银行信贷风险影响的实证分析

7、经济责任审计促进经济增长的微观途径--基于“中国之谜”中政府官员的作用

8、中级微观经济学混合教学模式探索与实践

9、基于半鞅过程的中国股市随机波动、跳跃和微观结构噪声统计特征研究

10、中国经济发展新常态的宏观表象和微观基础

11、货币政策、所有制差异与商业信用再配置--兼论新常态背景下供给侧治理的微观路径

12、微观权力、自我技术与组织公民行为-- 人力资源管理 的后现代分析

13、增值税转型对我国微观经济的影响

14、商业性小额信贷机构市场定位微观制度因素分析--以某村镇银行和某小额贷款公司为例

15、城乡关系重构下乡村人口城镇化微观进程研究--基于家庭流动人口的视角

16、微观商业视角下的微信经济

17、应用型人才培养模式下独立学院微观经济学教学改革研究

18、微观开放性视角下创造力的多层次影响机制探究

19、农户劳动力资源配置的微观决策

20、微观经济与 企业管理 探讨

21、民营企业对外直接投资对企业内就业的影响--基于温州微观企业数据的实证研究

22、房产税、房价与住房供给结构--基于上海、重庆微观数据的分析

23、基于微观经济学 方法 的网格资源分配管理模型研究

24、森林转型的微观机制--以重庆市山区为例

25、我国纺织业企业创新与生产率关系的微观测度

26、人的自由全面发展视域下资源配置的微观机制

27、基于微观企业数据的产业空间集聚特征分析--以杭州市区为例

28、从微观管理视角浅析高校国有资产管理中的问题

29、“双创”背景下非正规就业对劳动力市场影响的微观分析--基于马克思劳动力价值理论视角

30、我国众筹融资的微观机理及宏观效应

31、金融市场微观结构理论综述

32、利率调控对房地产营销市场波动的微观作用机制探究

33、中国对外并购的绩效研究--基于制造业上市企业的微观分析

34、我国服务贸易出口的影响因素分析--来自微观企业层面的证据

35、市场微观结构下高频交易流动性--基于我国商品期货市场的实证研究

36、工商行政管理在宏观控制与微观搞活中的职能与作用

37、典型平原农区土地非农化对乡村发展影响的微观机理

38、贫困地区特色农业规模经营意愿的影响因素研究--微观农户视角的分析

39、中国政策性银行全要素生产率测度及影响因素研究--基于宏观与微观解构

40、中国产业结构升级的新视角--微观产品质量角度

41、新疆农民专业合作社微观运行障碍调研与政府责任分析--以吉木萨尔县为例

42、制造业可持续发展的微观经济分析--基于价格机制与制度结构的视角

43、微观视角下煤炭上市公司资本结构影响因素实证研究

44、优化农业科技创新风险投资微观运行机制的策略研究

45、低碳经济政策失灵的原因分析及应对 措施 --基于微观经济个体的视角

46、税制改革推动国家治理能力提升的微观作用机理研究--基于增值税转型对企业投资行为的影响

47、论宏观调控与微观自主的辩证平衡

48、基于微观动力视角我国上市公司市值管理绩效评价的研究

49、宏观经济政策与微观企业行为--拓展会计与财务研究新领域

50、以“供给管理”激发微观活力实现经济发展动力转型

宏观经济学论文题目

1、生产率冲击与经常项目失衡--基于新开放宏观经济学框架的研究

2、新开放宏观经济学框架下经济稳定的动态分析

3、供给侧结构性改革背景下的税收结构优化研究--基于实验宏观经济学方法

4、对宏观经济学的“金融支柱”分析

5、当代宏观经济学的分歧与融合

6、主流宏观经济学的“麻烦”能解决么?

7、美国金融负债产生的非生产性GDP--经济虚拟化和危机的宏观经济学

8、浅析宏观经济学中微观基础问题的若干问题

9、基于宏观经济学视角下产业经济发展的政策研究

10、对宏观经济学数学化的思考

11、罗默关于“宏观经济学困境”的困境--基于“理论三分法”的分析

12、休生养息与强筋健骨--卡莱斯基宏观经济学与未来中国经济增长模式

13、从“摸着石头过河”到“大国模型”--改革开放四十年中国宏观经济学理论的演变

14、宏观经济学对市场经济的影响分析

15、国际金融与开放经济的宏观经济学研究

16、中国货币之谜:假说

17、存量流量一致性模型原理方法的综述研究--后凯恩斯主义学派对宏观经济学的新探索

18、问题导向型的知识建构方案设计--以“宏观经济学”为例

19、宏观经济学的创新与调控方向的转变探讨

20、在常识的基础上重构宏观经济学

21、重建宏观经济学的“金融支柱”

22、主流宏观经济学的危机与未来分析

23、贫困救济的宏观经济学思考--以英国《济贫法》为例

24、商品与信用:货币理论的两种本质观--兼论宏观经济学的重建

25、我国行为人认知特征与货币政策有效性--基于行为宏观经济学的分析

26、 财经 本科院校微

27、微观经济学与宏观经济学的对比与结合

28、当前宏观经济学的盲点

29、关于宏观经济学理论及其发展趋势的探讨

30、试论微观经济学与宏观经济学关系

31、重建宏观经济学的“金融支柱”模型与估算--中国特色宏观经济学理论

32、宏观经济学中理论的应用

33、关于我国宏观经济学分析

34、马克思主义经济学对主流宏观经济学的借鉴与启示

35、布兰查德对宏观经济学的贡献

36、2017年岭南宏观经济学研讨会

37、浅谈宏观经济学的内在缺陷及科学方法论的构建

38、探究金融危机时期宏观经济学理论受到的威胁及 反思

39、山东大学经济研究院宏观经济学和微观经济学团队简介

40、生态宏观经济学研究新进展

41、由诺贝尔奖看当前宏观经济学的发展

42、宏观经济学重构发展的实证研究

43、对宏观经济学与微观经济学一体化趋势的思考

44、从“宏观经济学的麻烦”看行为宏观经济学的兴起与发展

45、宏观经济学中的消费与投资

46、贸易条件与经常项目的动态变化关系

47、反思宏观经济学区块链带来新启示

48、论微观、中观、宏观经济学

49、罗伯特·巴罗对宏观经济学的贡献

50、基于宏观经济学视角下我国货币政策有效性分析

社会经济学论文题目参考

1、人口老龄化与社会经济发展相互关系研究进展

2、探析艺术品市场与社会经济的相互影响

3、退耕还林工程对生态环境及社会经济影响评价探讨

4、清末民国时期四川烟草业与地域社会经济初论

5、基于城市社会经济发展的城市管理模式探究

6、社会经济发展与电力需求关联研究综述

7、社会经济发展中审计问责的内涵与实现途径

8、统计工作对社会经济发展的作用

9、雾霾对社会经济发展的影响及治理对策--基于无锡地区的探索

10、我国房地产经济和社会经济发展的相互协调

11、“营改增”对我国社会经济及企业的意义

12、浅析我国房地产行业对社会经济的影响

13、新常态下信息化对社会经济发展的影响研究--基于省级面板数据的实证分析

14、电子商务促进社会经济发展的演进路径--基于结构方程模型展开

15、新社会经济发展背景下城市经营的定位转变

16、干旱区耕地景观格局碎化特征及社会经济驱动因素分析

17、关于气候变化对社会经济系统影响的机理和途径的探讨

18、民航安全状况与社会经济指标关联分析

19、新媒体对社会经济的影响简析

20、当代中国社会经济转型的困境与策略选择

21、四川藏区社会经济发展及 财税 扶持政策

22、社会经济发展背景下财务会计目标探究

23、河南省建设用地扩展的社会经济驱动力分析--基于STIRPAT模型

24、乌兰察布市生态环境与社会经济耦合关系研究

25、在杭高校校区的三次扩张:驱动因素及其社会经济效应

26、论新闻传媒与和谐社会经济发展的共生关系

27、社会经济发展中审计风险及其防范研究

28、社会经济管理中部门内部审计的现状与思考

29、光电网新兴产业及社会经济融合创新发展

30、浅谈交通运输对社会经济发展的影响

31、易地扶贫搬迁在推动社会经济效益增长中的作用

32、不丹科达格帕石膏矿的社会经济效益及对环境的影响分析

33、喜德县退耕还林工程社会经济效益监测分析

34、第一次“绿色革命”的社会经济影响

35、人口老龄化对社会经济发展的影响

36、人力资本投资如何影响社会经济增长

37、合肥市土地利用结构熵时序变化与社会经济发展关联分析

38、浅谈港口投资对社会经济发展的影响--以宁波市为例

39、跨境电商税收新政对中国社会经济发展的作用分析

40、重庆市土地利用社会经济效益和生态环境效益耦合协调度研究

41、社会经济统计学和数理统计学的关系分析

42、马克思主义经典作家关于社会经济制度的主要论述及其当代价值

43、基于社会经济因素的重庆主城区机动车增长预测研究

44、中国社会经济发展视域下推进军民融合深度发展的思考

45、西安地铁的社会经济效益评价

46、个税递延型养老 保险 制度的政策变量测度与思考--基于上海市社会经济数据的实证测度

47、关于城市绿色生态住宅小区建设及对地方社会经济效益的影响

48、发挥经济统计职能优化配置社会经济资源的探究

49、浅析社会经济环境对会计发展的影响

50、流动人口对社会经济发展的主要影响

51、推进社会经济协调绿色发展

52、治出生态社会经济效益

53、大面积雾霾对社会经济发展的抑制影响研究

54、四川省粮食产量变化与社会经济的相关性研究

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