关于政府报告翻译论文题目

摘要：目的原则、连贯原则和忠诚原则是翻译目的论的三个原则。在翻译目的论的指导下，通过对2019《政府工作报告》的英译本进行分析，探究目的论三原则如何在政治文本的翻译过程中得以发挥作用，希望对政治类文本的翻译有所启发。关键词：目的论 2019《政府工作报告》政治类文本翻译中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009-5349（2019）13-0084-022019《政府工作报告》是我国政府对过去一年工作的回顾总结和接下来一年的工作计划，是我国政府的重要政治文件和外宣文件。通过分析其英译本，探究目的论三原则在其翻译过程中如何得以运用，可以更好地指导政治类文本的翻译。一、目的论的形成与发展翻译目的论的起源可以追溯至20世纪70年代，其形成与发展大致可以分成四个阶段。第一阶段中，莱斯提出了功能派理论思想的雏形。“其首倡的功能主义翻译批评理论认为：理想的翻译应将源文本与目标文本在思想内容、语言形式和交际功能等层面建立起对等关系。”[1]第二阶段中，汉斯·弗米尔提出了翻译目的论，将翻译研究从原文中心论的束缚中摆脱出来。目的论认为，翻译是以原文为基础的有目的和有结果的行为，翻译必须遵循一系列法则，其中目的法则居于首位。随后，曼塔里借鉴交际和行为理论，提出翻译行为理论，进一步发展了目的论，“她用信息传递来指各种各样的跨文化转换，视翻译为一项为实现特定目的的复杂活动。”[2]在第四阶段，诺德进一步完善了该理论，提出了“忠诚原则”。总而言之，“莱斯奠定了翻译目的论的基础，弗米尔是该理论的创立者。曼塔里强调的是翻译过程的行为、参与者的角色和翻译发生的行为，而诺德则完善了该理论并将其运用到其他领域。”[3]二、目的论的三原则目的论的三原则分别是目的原则、连贯原则和忠诚原则。目的论认为，所有翻译活动遵循的首要原则是“目的原则”。因此，译者应该根据翻译的目的来制订翻译策略。连贯性指译文必须符合语内连贯的标准，即译文具有可读性和可接受性。忠诚原则要求译者在翻译行为中对翻译过程中的各方参与者负责：一方面对译文接受者负责，另一方面要求译者对原文作者忠诚。译者要协调译文目的语与作者意图。这三大原则构成了目的论的基本原则，其中目的原则是首要原则，连贯原则和忠诚原则必须服从于目的原则。三、目的论三原则在2019年《政府工作报告》中的体现1.目的原则《政府工作报告》是中国政府对过去一年工作的总结和对未来的展望。作为每年中国政府的重要文件之一，《政府工作报告》英译的目的无疑是为了让世界更好地了解中国，其英译本发挥着重要的外宣作用。例1：把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。To build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous，strong，democratic，culturally advanced，harmonious，and beautiful.从词汇的选择上来看，“文明”译为了“culturally advanced”，而不是直接字译为“civilized”，明显是在目的原则的指导下作出的选择。“civilized”意为“文明的，开化的;有礼貌的，有道德的”，其在英文中往往“barbarous”与野蛮一词相对，若将此处的“文明”译为“civilized”，容易让英文读者联想到“文明开化”这层含义，甚至让外国读者怀疑难道中国现在还处于文明未开化的境地？显然并不是这样。因而，此处若译为“civilized”是不恰当的。而英译本中的“culturally advanced”则很好地传达出了“文明”二字背后中国追求文化进步的含义，实现了交际目的，可以让外国读者更加准确地了解中国政府所想传达的思想。此外，此句中“我国”译为了“China”而不是“our country”，这样处理明显是在目的原则的指导下，考虑到了报告的译文是给外国读者阅读，站在外国读者的角度出发，译成“China”。若直接翻译为“our country”，外国读者可能会不知所以然，搞不清究竟是哪个国家。2.连贯原则在目的论的指导下，翻译首先要遵从目的原则，其次也需要遵从连贯原则，即译文要有意义，具有可接受性。例2：树牢“四个意识”Keep firmly in mind the need to maintain politicalintegrity，think in big-picture terms，follow the leadership core，and keep in alignment.“四个意识”指的是“政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识”。译文在处理的过程中，没有将“四个意识”直译为“Four Consciousness”，而是将其展开翻译，将四个意识具体代表的内容翻译了出来。除此之外，在翻译具体的“政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识”时，也没有直译为“Political Consciousness”等，而是将其背后隐含的政治团结、目光长远、坚定维护党中央并与之保持一致的含义意译了出来，使得译文对于外国读者来说有意义，更加具有可接受性。若是采用直译的方法，外国读者将会不知所云，无法理解其所想传达的意思，有悖于连贯原则。3.忠诚原则在目的论忠诚原则的指导下，译者应同时处理好作者意图与目的语的关系。“译者应当同时把握源语与目的语的环境，基于‘忠诚’角度，对读者负责。”[4]因此，在翻译2019年《政府工作报告》时，译者需同时处理好作者意图与目的语的关系。例3：过去一年是全面贯彻党的十九大精神开局之年。The year 2018 was the first year for putting the guiding principles of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China fully into effect.在这句话的翻译中，“十九大精神”中的“精神”没有被直接译为“spirit”，而是译为“the guiding principles”。原文中“十九大精神”指的其实就是十九大指导下的方针与纲领，译为“the guiding principles”一方面与原文所想表达的意思相符合，忠诚于原文，另一方面也使得目的语读者更加容易接受，同时处理好了原文意图与目的语读者的关系。除此之外，原文中“贯彻”一词的翻译也充分体现了目的论的忠诚原则在政治文本翻译中的运用。“贯彻”一词意为充分地将某计划或某理论付诸有效行动，此处将其译为“put fully into effect”完全发挥作用，其意义等同于付诸有效行动，忠诚于原文，且易于使目的语读者接受。历年的《政府工作报告》都是我国的重要政治文本。本文通过分析2019年《政府工作报告》的英译本，发现目的论三原则在其英译过程中发挥着重要作用。因此，在翻译政治类文本时，译者应明确翻译目的，根据翻译目的选择恰当的翻译策略与方法，更好地实现译文目的，让世界更好地了解中国。参考文献：[1]吴全生.目的论指导下的英语国家情景喜剧幽默字幕翻译探析——以汉语普通话为目标语[J].中华文化论坛，2018（3）：85-86.[2]张锦兰.目的论与翻译方法[J].中国科技翻译，2004，17（2）：36.[3]苏畅，王杰.基于翻译目的论三原则视角浅析政治文献的英译——以《十九大报告》英译本为例[J].现代交际，2019（2）： 102.[4]杨安妮.从目的论三原则看《傲慢与偏见》字幕翻译[J].吉林广播电视大学学报，2018（8）：117.

About our government function change points of thinkingPick to: with China's accession to the WTO and the development of economic globalization, the transformation government function not only promoting China's economic development mode change the need, but also achieve economic economy-construction-type government by to service-oriented government transformation, but also the need of overall planning for urban-rural development, so as to facilitate the important guarantee of effectively solve various social conflicts. At present, our country has in the transformation of government functions has made a historic progress, initially established a social and economic development to adapt to a new socialist government, has accumulated rich experience . Meanwhile, in practice, such as exposed micro management drawbacks too poor, macroeconomic regulation, administrative decentralization in malignant circulation, etc. Right now, our government function change must construct service-oriented government to launch : government function, service-oriented government, economic economy-construction-type government

一、目的论的形成与发展翻译目的论的起源可以追溯至20世纪70年代，其形成与发展大致可以分成四个阶段。第一阶段中，莱斯提出了功能派理论思想的雏形。“其首倡的功能主义翻译批评理论认为：理想的翻译应将源文本与目标文本在思想内容、语言形式和交际功能等层面建立起对等关系。”[1] 第二阶段中，汉斯·弗米尔提出了翻译目的论，将翻译研究从原文中心论的束缚中摆脱出来。目的论认为，翻译是以原文为基础的有目的和有结果的行为，翻译必须遵循一系列法则，其中目的法则居于首位。随后，曼塔里借鉴交际和行为理论，提出翻译行为理论，进一步发展了目的论，“她用信息传递来指各种各样的跨文化转换，视翻译为一项为实现特定目的的复杂活动。”[2] 在第四阶段，诺德进一步完善了该理论，提出了“忠诚原则”。总而言之，“莱斯奠定了翻译目的论的基础，弗米尔是该理论的创立者。曼塔里强调的是翻译过程的行为、参与者的角色和翻译发生的行为，而诺德则完善了该理论并将其运用到其他领域。”[3] 二、目的论的三原则目的论的三原则分别是目的原则、连贯原则和忠诚原则。目的论认为，所有翻译活动遵循的首要原则是“目的原则”。因此，译者应该根据翻译的目的来制订翻译策略。连贯性指译文必须符合语内连贯的标准，即译文具有可读性和可接受性。忠诚原则要求译者在翻译行为中对翻译过程中的各方参与者负责：一方面对译文接受者负责，另一方面要求译者对原文作者忠诚。译者要协调译文目的语与作者意图。这三大原则构成了目的论的基本原则，其中目的原则是首要原则，连贯原则和忠诚原则必须服从于目的原则。三、目的论三原则在2019年《政府工作报告》中的体现 1.目的原则《政府工作报告》是中国政府对过去一年工作的总结和对未来的展望。作为每年中国政府的重要文件之一，《政府工作报告》英译的目的无疑是为了让世界更好地了解中国，其英译本发挥着重要的外宣作用。例1：把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。 To build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous，strong，democratic，culturally advanced，harmonious，and beautiful. 从词汇的选择上来看，“文明”译为了“culturally advanced”，而不是直接字译为“civilized”，明显是在目的原则的指导下作出的选择。“civilized”意为“文明的，开化的;有礼貌的，有道德的”，其在英文中往往“barbarous”与野蛮一词相对，若将此处的“文明”译为“civilized”，容易让英文读者联想到“文明开化”这层含义，甚至让外国读者怀疑难道中国现在还处于文明未开化的境地？显然并不是这样。因而，此处若译为“civilized”是不恰当的。而英译本中的“culturally advanced”则很好地传达出了“文明”二字背后中国追求文化进步的含义，实现了交际目的，可以让外国读者更加准确地了解中国政府所想传达的思想。此外，此句中“我国”译为了“China”而不是“our country”，这样处理明显是在目的原则的指导下，考虑到了报告的译文是给外国读者阅读，站在外国读者的角度出发，译成“China”。若直接翻译为“our country”，外国读者可能会不知所以然，搞不清究竟是哪个国家。 2.连贯原则在目的论的指导下，翻译首先要遵从目的原则，其次也需要遵从连贯原则，即译文要有意义，具有可接受性。例2：树牢“四个意识” Keep firmly in mind the need to maintain politicalintegrity，think in big-picture terms，follow the leadership core，and keep in alignment. “四个意识”指的是“政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识”。译文在处理的过程中，没有将“四个意识”直译为“Four Consciousness”，而是将其展开翻译，将四个意识具体代表的内容翻译了出来。除此之外，在翻译具体的“政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识”时，也没有直译为“Political Consciousness”等，而是将其背后隐含的政治团结、目光长远、坚定维护党中央并与之保持一致的含义意译了出来，使得译文对于外国读者来说有意义，更加具有可接受性。若是采用直译的方法，外国读者将会不知所云，无法理解其所想传达的意思，有悖于连贯原则。 3.忠诚原则在目的论忠诚原则的指导下，译者应同时处理好作者意图与目的语的关系。“译者应当同时把握源语与目的语的环境，基于‘忠诚’角度，对读者负责。”[4]因此，在翻译2019年《政府工作报告》时，译者需同时处理好作者意图与目的语的关系。例3：过去一年是全面贯彻党的十九大精神开局之年。 The year 2018 was the first year for putting the guiding principles of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China fully into effect. 在这句话的翻译中，“十九大精神”中的“精神”没有被直接译为“spirit”，而是译为“the guiding principles”。原文中“十九大精神”指的其实就是十九大指导下的方针与纲领，译为“the guiding principles”一方面与原文所想表达的意思相符合，忠诚于原文，另一方面也使得目的语读者更加容易接受，同时处理好了原文意图与目的语读者的关系。除此之外，原文中“贯彻”一词的翻译也充分体现了目的论的忠诚原则在政治文本翻译中的运用。“贯彻”一词意为充分地将某计划或某理论付诸有效行动，此处将其译为“put fully into effect”完全发挥作用，其意义等同于付诸有效行动，忠诚于原文，且易于使目的语读者接受。历年的《政府工作报告》都是我国的重要政治文本。本文通过分析2019年《政府工作报告》的英译本，发现目的论三原则在其英译过程中发挥着重要作用。因此，在翻译政治类文本时，译者应明确翻译目的，根据翻译目的选择恰当的翻译策略与方法，更好地实现译文目的，让世界更好地了解中国。

杜绝机译，请审阅、采纳摘要：随着中国加入WTO以及经济全球化的发展，转变政府职能不但是促进我国经济发展方式转变的需要，同时实现由经济建设型政府向服务型政府转变的需要，更是统筹城乡发展的重要保证，从而有利于有效化解各种社会矛盾。当前，我国已在政府职能转变方面取得了历史性的进展，初步建立了与经济社会发展相适应得社会主义新型政府，积累了丰富的经验。同时，在实践中暴露出诸多弊端，如微观管理过多，宏观调控不力，行政性分权陷入恶性循环等。当下，我国政府职能转变必须要围绕构建服务型政府展开建设。关键词：政府职能，服务型政府，经济建设型政府Consideration on the Transformation of the Government Functions of ChinaAbstract: As China's accession to WTO and the development of economic globalization, transforming government functions is not only a need for promoting the change in China's economic development way, but also a need for realizing the transformation from the economic development-oriented government to the service-oriented government, especially is the important guarantee for overall planning urban and rural development, which will benefit to effectively resolve various social contradictions. At present, China has made historic progress in the transformation of government functions, the new socialist government which is compatible with the economic and social development is initially established, and rich experience has been accumulated. In the same time, many problems are revealed in practice, such as excessive micro-management, poor macro-control, and administrative decentralization entering into a vicious circle. Consequently, the transformation of government functions in China must be carried out around service-oriented : government functions, service-oriented government, economic development-oriented government

关于政府论文题目

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1、以行政角度审视中国现代化进程中的一些社会问题2、浅谈人口与生态环境的关系3、行政管理现代化评价系统初探4、依法保护我国环境问题的几点探讨5、全面建设小康社会的内涵及其目标确定原则6、浅谈政府干预与市场调节7、提升政府公共行政职能适应社会快速发展8、关于社会发展中的行政道德问题的思考9、基层领导干部的素质要求之浅见10、当前农村基础教育发展问题的几点探讨

1.论我国政府职能转变的趋向2.完善我国行政监督机制的思考3.论政府行政管理的民主化4.建立健全公务员培训机制的思考5.论我国政府机构改革的难点与对策6.论我国乡镇政府改革的趋向7.论乡镇政府机构改革的难点8.论政府在宏观经济调控中的作用9.论中央政府与地方政府事权的划分10.完善行政权力制约机制的思考11.论提高行政效率的途径12.论公车改革的难点与途径13.论公共危机中的政府协调机制14.论领导干部责任追究制度15.完善人民代表大会制度的思考(学术堂提供更多论文知识)

行政管理学专业毕业论文题目 1.论在中等职业教育改革与发展过程中政府行为的适度2．试论激励机制在中国公务员制度中的确立与作用 3．关于政府职能转变的几点思考4．当前我国反腐败问题研究5．近代西方“主权在民”思想的几个主要理论6．论社会主义市场经济条件下我国政府社会管理与服务职能的转变7．中国行政体制改革若干问题研究8．论市场经济条件下政府行为的适度9．论公务员的行政道德规范10．中国传统文化的现代思考11．建立我国社会保障体系问题研究12．论市场经济条件下政府职能转变13．政府公共形象设计14．中国传统文化对现代企业人才管理思考15．机关后勤管理问题研究16．邓小平政治思想研究17．我国所有制理论的突破与发展18．论经验决策与科学决策19．民主问题研究20．邓小平改革思想研究21．依法行政问题研究22．中国传统行政文化问题研究23．当代中国收入分配问题研究24．当代中国改革与政治稳定问题研究25．城市公共交通管理体制改革问题研究26．行政决策体制中咨询权力问题研究27．当代行政领导者的创新能力研究28．政府能力问题研究（包括财政、协调等）29．完善我国行政监督体制的几个问题30．我国农村社会保障体系问题研究31．村民“自治”问题研究32．社会危害性与刑事违法性关系新谈33．中俄体制转型问题的比较研究34．中国人力资源开放过程中的障碍性因素分析35．中国法治文化培育问题研究36．浅谈腐败的成因37．论中国的依法行政38．新经济时代的企业人力资源管理39．加入贸易世界组织与我国政府行为的适度40．关于民主问题之研究41．行政体制改革多领导者素质的要求42．我国行政体制改革中政府职能转变的重要性43．西部大开发中的政府职能定位44．浅议行政财务管理45．浅论信息技术对公共行政的影响46．论中国保险公估业的发展47．国有企业改革中政府角色的定位48．论行政立法与廉政建设49．WTO与中国人力资本的开发50．浅析企业团体意识的培育51．浅谈创新管理52．国有资产流失的现状及对策53．中小企业核心竞争力研究54．论政府办公信息化发展实现的前景55．浅谈中国失业及失业保障体系56．现代行政管理对领导者的基本要求57．论知识管理及有效实施58．电子商务与政府管理59．浅析政策执行变异的诸因素60．论网络与网络法律的建设资料来源：麻烦采纳，谢谢!

关于政府建设论文题目

论文参考题目： 1、适应社会主义市场经济体制要求，进一步完善中央与地方关系研究2、适应社会主义市场经济体制要求，进一步扩大政治参与研究3、对行政决策的民主化和科学化的思考4、进一步完善现在选举制度研究5、村民自治研究6、进一步改革行政监督体制研究7、行政公开化研究8、行政信息化研究9、行政改革动力系统研究10、浅议如何改革我国公务员的监督系统11、对国家公务员职业道德建设的探析12、浅议知识经济时代公务员能力与素质的提升途径13、试论国家公务员的激励机制14、对强化公务员勤政廉政建设的思考15、知识经济时代行政领导者创新能力的培养与开发 16、浅议经济全球化条件下我国反腐败斗争的新思路17、加强财政工作廉政建设的对策19、行政职权滥用的危害与防范措施20、对当前地方政府绩效评估的价值取向分析21、如何强化地方政府行政管理过程中的制度创新22、论市场经济条件下我国政府经济调控模式的转变23、对市场经济条件下政府职能转变的思考24、试析行政权力与政府效能25、我国村级管理的现状及发展趋势26、西部大开发中小城镇建设的政府管理 27、WTO的透明度原则与我国行政公开制度改革28、电子政府建设的标准化参考模式初探29、政府信息化给政府管理带来的机遇、挑战及对策30、制约政府网络化建设的主要因素及对策

一、选题方向：“政府经济学研究”、政府经济学、组织行为学1、论管理者的性格培养与管理效能2、论管理情景对管理方式和效果的制约性3、有限政府的经济管理效能分析4、政府行政成本控制分析5、地方政府公共物品供给途径分析二、选题方向：公共关系学原理、市场营销学、组织行为学、组织文化1、论危机传播中的政府行为2、论网络环境下的政府公关3、论跨世纪城市文化形象战略4、论受众社会心理与城市对外宣传5、论新闻策划的原则和方法6、新世纪城市化进程中的文化品味7、试论未来行政领导的形象塑造8、浅析组织文化创新走向9、论中国IC策划的定位10、上海或广州城市国际形象的确立与推广三、选题方向：行政管理论与行政、领导、行政组织学1、全球化背景下的政府职能研究2、论当代公共管理的绩效评估方法3、论信息技术在政府公共服务传递中的作用4、当代西方“公共管理运动”评析5、论行政权力及其制约6、论行政自由裁量权及其限制7、论邓小平的行政改革思想8、论政务公开9、论西方公共行政学发展中的民主价值取向10、论西方政府改革运动中的市场取向四、选题方向：行政管理学与行政领导、人力资源管理1、人力资源配置方式比较（细分问题论述）2、地方政府制度创新行为研究3、政府与制度变迁4、知识经济与人力资源开发（细分问题论述）5、人力资源激励机制研究6、考核制度比较研究7、公务员培训制度创新8、公务员薪酬制度改革9、地方政府与市场化改革五、选题方向：行政法制研究、公关传播法规1、依法治国重点在治“吏”2、依法治国与加强、改善党的领导3、加速政府体制改革，适应为人民服务宗旨的时代特点的要求4、当前行政管理制度化法制化的思考5、论地方政府与公共管理6、依法治国与治吏7、论中介机构与行政部门的脱钩和改制8、小城镇行政体制之我见六、选题方向：行政法制研究、监督学1、论加强党内监督的重要性和必要性2、健全和完善监督制度是反腐败的根本措施3、在社会主义时期反腐败是一项长期的战略任务4、关于加强和完善我国社会主义监督的一些设想5、如何看待中国古代的监督制度6、舆论监督的作用7、在市场经济条件下如何增强政府的监督意识七、选题方向：公共行政管理、公共组织与管理、行政管理学、公共行政组织学、西方行政学说1、当代中国行政模式研究2、当代中国法治行政研究3、当代中国社会中介组织发展与规模研究4、当代中国行政价值观研究5、加入WTO与政府制度创新研究6、乡镇政府机构改革研究八、选题方向：公共管理、领导科学、管理学、市政学1、公共管理论的经济学分析2、市场经济与政府体制改革3、市场经济发展与人力资源管理创新4、政府责任研究5、市场经济与非赢利组织的发展6、依法行政研究7、城市发展与社会保障体系的建设8、城市政府与法治9、政府公开与民主行政10、现代科技发展与政府管理创新11、法治与德治12、制度建设与反腐倡廉九、选题方向：公共预算与财政管理、西方行政史1、1994年后我国地方政府预算外膨胀的原因分析2、论西蒙的决策思想评新公共管理理论3、论西方公共行政的民主管理思想4、中美行政监督体系比较5、中美行政管理运行机制问题分析6、素质教育与政府教育体制问题分析7、中国失业问题的现状、原因与对策8、关于外来人口管理的调查与思考9、中国公民政治人格的转型：从权威人格到民主人格十、选题方向：西方经济学、公共财政、政府经济学1、经济转型时期的就业政策选择2、中国国有企业改革与公共政策选择3、我国财政转移支付制度与政府间关系的协调4、非盈利性组织管理研究5、经济体制转型与公共政策的重新顶性6、中国入世与中国政府职能转变7、非盈利性组织的地位与作用研究十一、城市行政管理（市政学研究）、市政学1、城市政府规模的讨论2、公共人力资源讨论3、城市社区管理讨论4、城市管理讨论5、户籍管理讨论6、城市公共管理专题讨论7、市政体制比较讨论8、社会网络与城市发展讨论十二、选题方向：市政学、管理学1、论城市的本质2、市政学研究的内容、界限及意义3、西方市政学研究4、比较市政学研究5、城市管理、城市治理与政治文化的比较研究6、我国城市社区治理模式的变迁7、撤退设市可否作为加快我国城市化发展的战略选择8、外国城市管理体系的变迁路径及对我国的启示9、第三部门研究综述10、制度变迁与城市管理十三、选题方向：政治理论与政治文化、中国政治思想史、政治学基础1、西方政治理念在中国的接受情况（细分问题论述）2、中国传统政治文化分析（细分问题论述）3、公共伦理分析（细分问题论述）十四、选题方向：宪法学、中国当代政治制度1、试论人大代表的作用2、论人大对政府的监督3、论权力制约技术十五、选题方向：行政管理学、世界政治经济与国际关系、西方各国政治制度1、市场经济中的地位政府间合作研究2、市场经济下中央与地方关系研究3、市场经济与民主政治研究4、西方式民主及其影响研究5、政治参与、行政参与问题研究6、电子政府与电子民主建设十六、选题方向：政治制度、地方政府与地方政策、政治学基础、中国公共政策概论1、国家建设理论视野中的地方政府建构2、中央与地方政府的政治关系（中国、外国或中外比较；历史演变或法理分析）3、中国地方政府间的转移支付（特别是广东的改革经验）4、中央政府、地方政府与社会的互动分析5、WTO与中国地方政府职能转变十七、选题方向：政治制度、思想概论、国家公务员制度、中国党政制度1、当代中国中央政府体制研究（从中拟一题目）2、地方政府体制中的条块关系3、当代中国中央与地方政府关系研究4、党政关系（中国、外国或中外比较研究）5、城乡社区自制制度建设6、香港、澳门与台湾的地方政府体制（任选一个地区或进行比较分析）7、关于政党政治的研究（自拟其中一个问题研究）8、关于政府体制的研究（自拟其中一个问题研究）9、关于行政法制的研究（自拟其中一个问题研究）10、城乡社区自治制度建设（自拟其中一个问题研究）十八、选题方向：行政决策、政策分析、公共政策分析1、从统治到自治：公共政策范式如何转换？2、第三部门：公共政策制定的重要主体3、听证制度与公共政策论证的公民参与——以珠江三角洲或长江三角洲地区的乡（镇）村与街道治理为例4、珠江三角洲或长江三角洲地方政府治理机制下的政策制定——以可持续发展为目标5、公共政策制定：中央政府与地方政府的关系6、试论公共政府的基本价值标准7、试论公共政府政策执行的监督8、试论政策问题建构中的程序约束十九、选题方向：政府体制与公共政策、比较政治学、当代国际关系分析1、比较分析行政集权民主制与传统代仪民主制的异同2、古罗马政治制度对西方民主制的影响3、西方民主制度与政治文化的形成4、比较英法革命及其对各自政治的不同影响5、比较英美政党结构及其功能的异同5、论公民社会与公民文化的形成二十、新增题目（一）行政管理、管理学1.以行政角度审视中国现代化进程中的某个社会问题2.依法保护我国环境问题的几点探讨3.浅谈政府干预与市场调节（以某为例或某一方面）4.提升政府公共行政职能适应社会快速发展（以某为例或某一方面）5.关于社会发展中的行政道德问题的思考（以某为例或某一方面）6.基层领导干部的素质要求之浅见7.浅论企事业发展中人才培养的作用与途径8.关于非公有制企业中养老保险工作的思考9.浅谈收入分配中的公平问题10.当前农村基础教育发展问题的几点探讨11.谈谈中小企业如何吸引人才的策略建议12.谈我市党政机关管理体制和运行机制改革的思路对策13.现代化进程中乡村治理的相关问题思考14.城市化建设中的信访问题及其对策措施15.论某地区民营企业的地位作用与发展对策16.浅谈市场经济社会的民主建设17.浅谈加快我市农村人口非农化的几点政策措施18.服务行政－－21世纪中国行政管理的方向选择19.论行政相对人与行政法制监督20.减轻农民负担的几点思考21.关于**乡镇政府体制改革的思考22.关于完善我市社会保障体系的思考23.浅析国有资产流失及管理体制的完善24.试论信息经济时代企业知识型员工的管理25.浅析我国公务员制度(××某一方面)26.试论依法行政（某一侧面和具体化）27.谈我国行政管理效率的现状及其改观对策28.浅谈公共行政管理的信息技术化29.浅论行政监督中的舆论监督30.谈谈中小企业发展的现状与对策31.略论解决“三农问题”的出路32.试论构筑科学规范的人才选用机制33.浅谈农村经济发展的问题与解决对策34.浅谈民办非企业单位职工的社会保障体系问题35.略论遏制吏治腐败的治本之策36.创新流动人口治安管理工作之我见37.浅谈现阶段腐败现象及其成因与惩治策略38.浅论我国当前社会诚信缺失的原因与重塑策略38.当前提高村级组织威信的几点想法40.关于当前**地区农村剩余劳动力转移问题的思考41.浅谈企业行政管理的功能特点及其要求42.试论市场经济条件下的政府职能转变43.对我市实施小城镇战略若干问题的探索44.浅谈政府保护自然资源的若干措施45.浅谈统筹城乡经济社会发展的意义与措施46.浅谈我市（**地区）农村社会保障工作存在的主要问题及其工作措施47.正确认识并解决“三农”问题的几点想法48.尽快建立和健全我市农村社保体系的理由分析49.浅析干部腐败现象的成因与防治50.行政效率中出现的问题及解决的方法51.社区工作践与探索52.当前行政违法的原因分析及其预防与矫治53.坚持人本管理，尊重员工价值54.农村教育、成人教育的现状与对策建议55.我市政府优化发展环境的对策探讨56.我市目前城管行政执法队伍建设现状与措施57.行政管理体制改革与电子政务58.浅谈当前我市社区民主建设的基本内容与要求59.农村养老保险必须由家庭养老向社会养老过渡60.浅谈企业人力资源的内部开发61.行政违法状况及其相关分析62.浅议我国政府采购制度63.中国“电子化政府”的现状及对策初探64.论我国现阶段社会保障制度中公平优先的原则65.在推进城市化进程中加强“城中村”改造与管理的几点思考66.公用事业民营化中的政府管制67.谈谈当前基础教育失衡发展的现状及对策68.浅谈行政复议与行政诉讼69.我国政府机构改革之我见70.进一步推进我市依法行政工作的思考71.农村人力资源开发问题浅析72.浅论我国当前成人教育管理体制的局限性及其改革策略73.浅论提高我市农民收入的××对策74.浅论政府职能转变与社会中介组织的关系75.谈我市行政管理效率的现状及其改观措施（某一侧面和具体化）76.论政府作风的制度化建设77.政府提高社会公共管理水平的对策思考（某一侧面和具体化）78.关于中国现阶段农村劳动力流动制度的思考79.论社会公正与公共政策（某一侧面和具体化）80.试论构筑科学规范的人才选用机制（某一侧面和具体化）81.税收征管改革后如何有效实施税源管理的几点思考82.谈行政监督体制改革中的以权力制约权力原则83.当前下岗、失业职工再就业工作的难点与对策84.行政领导廉洁自律的现实意义与途径85.我国现行公共部门人力资源管理的完善（问题与对策）86.提高行政效率的有效途径（某一侧面和具体化）87. “协调”功能在行政运行中充分发挥之案例分析88.信息在行政管理中的地位与作用89.建立行政信息网络的研究90.行政信息的管理与应用91.行政法规建设中的问题与对策（就某一侧面）92.行政监督在廉政建设中的作用与发挥93.反腐败斗争与政府职能的实现（就某一侧面）94.城市流动人口管理的现状、问题及对策（就某一地区）95.试论行政监督（就某一侧面）96.浅析××单位行政管理的现状及改革（可泛论或就某一侧面）97.寻租行为研究与治理（具体化）98.关于社会保障制度若干问题的探索99.农民工劳动权益保护及其公共政策研究100.各种市场行为的规范与监督（某一侧面和具体化）101.当前**地区城管行政执法问题研究102.人口流动与户籍管理制度关系及改革研究103.城市化进程中的（人口流动、城中村、城市治理、失地农民社会保障、农民就业培训、土地政策等）问题研究104.**地区（下岗失业人员、残疾人等）社会保障问题研究105.地方政府问责制研究106.取消农业税对乡镇政府职能履行的影响研究107.新农村建设中乡镇行政管理创新研究108.现阶段农村公共产品供给问题研究109.试析危机管理中媒体与政府的关系（某一侧面和具体化）110.转型期公共危机管理与政府责任111.政府税费政策对汽车产业发展的影响112.国家助学贷款政策实施中的问题113.***事件（例如：武汉“禁麻”成功等）之政府管理分析114.***政策（例如：烟台市实施农村饮水等）评估115.***省（例如江苏）公共财政改革措施与成效分析116.***市（例如：襄樊市）医疗保险制度改革的实践与思考117.***地区（例如：泰州）民办教育发展策略研究118.重大事故危机决策与应急体系建设：***案例分析（例如：山东枣庄矿难）119.***市（例如：上海市）轨道交通融资体制改革与政策研究120.北京市出租汽车行业管理研究121.失地农民养老保障问题与地方政府对策研究122.城市拆迁的移民权益保护与政府责任分析123.我国行政问责制探析124.城市化进程中失地农民权益保障研究125.我国城镇低收入人群住房政策研究126.农民工劳动权益保护及其公共政策研究（二）社区管理1．试论当前北京城市社区面临的挑战2．关于**社区治理中现存问题的思考3．关于当前社区志愿者工作存在的问题思考4．试论经济组织在社区治理中的功能与定位5．试论民间组织在社区治理中的功能与定位6．试论社区的公共事业管理7．试论业主委员会、居委会、物业公司的关系8．对北京城市社区建设工作的几点趋势研究9、城市社区中贫困人口的现状、原因与脱贫措施研究10、城市社区部分居民失业的现状、问题与对策研究

中国应急管理存在的问题与对策一、应急管理概述1、应急管理2、中国应急管理概况二、目前中国政府应急管理存在的问题1、应急管理观念陈旧2、应对被动行动迟缓3、预防意识和措施不足三、对策建议1、更新观念2、政府须完善应急设施和职能责任制的落实3、提高预防意识防止突发事件造成损失

政工指政治思想工作，我们在写作政工论文时千万不能忽视政工论文的题目。下面是我带来的关于政工论文题目的内容，欢迎阅读参考! 政工论文题目(一) 1. 当前基层银行青年职工思想状况调查分析——以N银行天津市分行为例 2. 银行基层青年职工思想政治工作方法初探 3. 当前形势下基层人民银行干部职工思想状况分析及对策建议 4. 如何围绕银行发展做好职工思想政治教育工作 5. 对基层央行干部职工思想现状的调查与分析——以人民银行衡阳市中心支行为例 6. 浅议如何做好银行职工思想政治工作 7. 对做好基层人民银行职工思想政治工作的思考 8. 人民银行县支行职工思想状况及对策研究 9. 当前基层人民银行职工思想政治工作的问题及对策建议 10. 加强银行职工思想政治工作的探讨 11. 银行青年职工思想政治工作研究 12. 韩凤兴同志在中国农业发展银行宁夏分行2006年上半年职工思想状况分析会上的讲话 13. 人民银行惠州市中心支行干部职工思想状况的调查报告 14. 基层银行青年职工思想状况之我见 15. 对当前基层人民银行干部职工思想状况的调查与思考 16. 当前人民银行干部职工思想状况的调查与分析 17. 为有源头活水来——工商银行云南保山市分行职工思想道德建设纪实 18. 中国工商银行职工思想政治工作、职工教育研究会工作报告 19. 中国农业银行职工思想政治工作研究会西南片区2000年研讨会综述 20. 对当前基层银行职工思想现状的思考政工论文题目(二) 1. 事业单位改革中职工思想障碍如何破除——以河北省为例 2. 事业单位青年职工思想政治教育理论探讨 3. 浅谈文化事业单位如何做好职工思想政治工作 4. 基层事业单位职工思想政治工作初探 5. 做好事业单位改革中职工思想政治工作的思考 6. 事业单位改制给职工思想带来的波动 7. 事业单位改革中职工思想政治工作的探讨——以公路部门为例 8. 论事业单位职工思想政治教育中的美德培育 9. 事业单位改革中基层卫生院职工思想政治工作的改革创新 10. 事业单位职工思想政治工作初探 11. 论新形势下事业单位职工思想政治工作面临的挑战及对策 12. 事业单位改革初期职工思想状况及加强思想政治工作的调查与思考 13. 事业单位要建立职工思想动态预测体系 14. 事业单位职工思想政治教育评估机制的优化政工论文题目(三) 1. 银行机构改革和职能调整中职工思想状况分析与对策 2. 中国农业银行职工思想政治工作研究会西南片区2001年研讨会综述 3. 对当前基层人民银行职工思想状况的调查 4. 谈谈如何做好银行青年职工思想政治工作 5. 新加坡银行职工思想工作的几点启示 6. 加强职工思想道德建设为推动国有银行实现“两个转变”服务 7. 浅谈加强和改进商业银行职工思想政治工作 8. 利用“载体”探索新路——谈社会主义市场经济条件下专业银行职工思想政治工作 9. 简论银行职工思想活动新特性 10. 浅谈基层银行青年职工思想政治工作 11. 加强职工思想道德建设为银行的经营和发展服务 12. 做好银行青年职工思想政治工作的几点意见 123. 灵活运用多种疏导方法做好银行职工思想政治工作 14. 对银行青年职工思想教育的思考 15. 做好农业银行落聘职工思想政治工作的思考猜你喜欢： 1. 思想政治方面论文 2. 浅谈思想政治方面的论文 3. 政工论文题目大全 4. 国际政治论文选题 5. 关于政治论文题目怎么写 6. 政工中级职称论文范文

政论文翻译论文开题报告

英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告范文

以下是由我整理的.英语专业翻译方向论文的开题报告范文，供大家参考!

How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation

I. Purpose and Significance

With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.

It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.

According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.

Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.

II. Literature Review

Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.

With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.

Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.

I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.

Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.

In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.

I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.

In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.

III. Feasibility Analysis

This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:

have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.

have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .

have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in

translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.

have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.

have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.

instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.

IV. Problems of the research and solutions

1. Problems

Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.

2. Solutions

(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.

(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.

(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.

V. Necessary conditions

1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.

2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.

3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.

VI. Outline

I. Introduction

A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation

B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis

C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation

1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English

2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure

II. The Principles of Ellipsis

A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works

B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test

C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident

Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis

A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression

B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression

1. Ellipsis of Articles

a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles

2. Ellipsis of Prepositions

3. Ellipsis of Pronouns

a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns

c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns

4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions

a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions

b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions

5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric

a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words

b. Ellipsis of Synonyms

开题报告，老师一般会给模板，还要看你题目是什么。这是我的开题报告，你参考一下吧。课题名称 An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese 试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异课题来源 Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor 一、课题背景及意义 (课题的立题依据及研究意义) Research Background: A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture. When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the common illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people’s daily life. Research Significance: As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into account the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance communication skills, avoid conflict of cultures. 二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 (课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向) Research Status: Study of color words has long attracted linguists’ attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, due to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, comparative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance.. Research Tendency: 21st century’s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality. 三、研究内容及研究目标 (对研究的内容进行说明，并阐明要达到的目标) Research Contents: A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified Black Is Associated With Profit Black Is Associated With the Black People 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Black Is Associated With the Death Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful Black Is Associated With Anger B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms 1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty 2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms White Is Associated With Death and Poor White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms 1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Red Is Associated With Honor and Love 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Red is Associated with the Obscenity Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism. Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss D. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Yellow Is Associated With the Noble Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and Disease Research Objectives: I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of color words and enhance communication skills, avoid conflict in Western culture. 四、预计的研究难点 (课题研究过程中可能遇到的理论难题或技术难点) With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how is the color of the word has become more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality due to lack of the knowledge related. 五、创新点 (选题、观点、理论、材料、方法等创新点) The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords. 六、进度计划 (根据研究内容及研究目标所预计的进度安排) 1. - , 2008 Subject selecting & topic narrowing 2. - , 2008 Data gathering 3. - , 2009 Opening report & detailed outline 4. - , 2009 Literature review 5. - , 2009 First draft 6. - , 2009 Second draft 7. - , 2009 Final version 8. - May 14th, 2009 Printing 9. May 17th - May 25th, 2009 Thesis debate 七、资料来源 (指能够支持“课题背景”、“课题研究现状及发展趋势”所论述内容的主要文献资料) [1] Baugh, . & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001. [2] Eckersley, . Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979. [3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Education, 1985. [4] Hornby, . Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974. [5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. .: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997. [6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. .: Edward Arnold, 1989. [7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981. [8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006. [9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001. [10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2007. [11] 陈永烨.“英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异” [J].《辽宁工程技术大学学报》，2005，(7). [12] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海:上海外语出版社,2002. [13] 邓炎昌，刘润清.《语言与文化》[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社，1991. [14] 蒋栋元.“论颜色及颜色词的文化差异” [J]. 《四川外语学院学报》，2002，(3). [15] 唐振华.“英汉颜色词的翻译” [J].《中国科技翻译》，1997，(2). 指导教师意见:(对课题的认可意见) 指导教师年月日系(教研室)审查意见: 系(教研室)主任: 年月日

英语翻译论文直接找北京译顶科技就行了啊，省时省力，对接也方便。

翻译学论文开题报告

开题报告是提高选题质量和水平的`重要环节。下面是我为大家整理的一篇以《目的论在英汉广告翻译上的应用》为例的语言学硕士论文开题报告，供参考阅读，希望对您有所帮助。

1、选题意义和背景

The progress of economic globalization has greatly hit the social life.

Advertising has become an important way of modern marketing and has attractedmerchants and the company. As people's consciousness worldwide enhances, manyproducts and services of advertising will be translated into other languages forpromotion to explore overseas markets. Advertising, as an effective way ofdisseminating brand information, has penetrated into many aspects of social life, andit plays a bridge role in connection and communication. Since China's accession tothe WTO, its connection with the world gets even closer. More and moreinternational enterprises and product brands come into China's huge market.

Translation of products and services for overseas consumers is not only the functionof promoting consumption, but also the effect of external publicity. In the globalmarket, advertising translation not only brings an opportunity for advertising, butalso has brings the huge challenge. Therefore, mastery of both Chinese and Englishadvertising translation is particularly important.

Skopos theory is the foundation and the core theory of functionalism. Skopostheory holds that the process of the whole translation behavior is determined to thepurpose of translation action, that is, the end justifies the means. The purpose of thetranslation behavior is the core element which determines the translation process.

Advertising translation has a strong purpose. What is more important toadvertising translation is whether translation can convey the purpose of source textand achieve the anticipated target of the source text, so as to attract the attention offoreign customers to induce their consumption desire, eventually to incur purchasebehavior.

2、论文综述/研究基础

1 Advertising Translation Studies in the West.

Advertising translation was mentioned in translation studies for the first time inHurbin's (1972) article “Peut-on traduire la langue de la publicé” (Can OneTranslate the Language of Advertising?)。 At that time, linguistics was the dominanthumanistic discipline, meanwhile, linguistics made translating a code-switchingoperation. Equivalence-based linguistic approaches mainly focus on the source text.

Hurhin argued that for one source text, there are several translations, and thetranslators chose which translation is the most appropriate one. Hurbin also pointedthat if glossaries of advertising language is compiled, this was made easier. So thetranslators will be easy to find the most appropriate equivalent expressions betweenthe source and the target text.

In Candace Seguinot's (1995) article “Translation and Advertising: GoingGlobal in Cultural Functions of Translation”. The main opinion of which is thatacross cultural boundaries, there is an understanding of culture and semioticsappearing in the marketing of goods and services. It goes well beyond both languageand design.

Another representative article “Advertising: a five-stage strategy for translationin Translation” as Intercultural Communication which is edited by C. Nord et al. Thearticle is published by Smith & Klein-Braley (1997)。 In this article, they conduct acontrastive analysis of English and German advertising. Then they developedtaxonomy of strategies for the analysis of advertising translation.

Up to now, the book which maybe the only one published exclusively onadvertisement translation is Translation Practices in International Advertisingwritten by Mathieu Guidere (2001)。 This book mainly talks about various aspects ofadvertising translation in international market and mainly concerns the globaladvertising of multinational companies, because they need to translate their productsinformation into other languages. The author analyzes some examples in advertisingtranslation and he shows readers some essential problems in current translation ideas.

This book introduced the strategies of translation which are implemented by the multinational firms to break into new markets.

2 Advertising Translation Studies in China.

Domestic advertising translation studies officially started in 1990s. In terms ofresearch contents, the initial studies mainly focused on the discussion about specificadvertising translation of idioms and the existing problems in Chinese-Englishadvertising translation. That was the primary stage. Years later, advertisingtranslation principle and criteria became the research themes. People hold the viewthat, advertising translation should give attention to in many aspects, such as text,language beauty, consumer psychology. Researchers illustrated their respectivepoints of view from different angles. Since the late 90s, although the discussion oftranslation principle and criteria were still mentioned, the researchers' attention weregradually focused on translation of difficult parts in advertising, such as therhetorical devices, emotional transmission, brand image and trademark reproduction ,etc. In terms of research methods, domestic advertising translation study mainly usesthe inductive method and the case study. Nevertheless, in recent years, researchersbegin to use the theory achievements of pragmatics and other related disciplines toanalyze different kinds of problems in advertising translation, and then put forwardsome translation strategies.

As early as xx, Li Fan proposed the development of the advertising languageposed a severe challenge to advertising translation. The artful advertisings require thetranslator to break hard the tradition of the original, boldly innovate, and improve thequality of translation. There are three reasons for flexible advertising translation: 1)the purpose of advertising is to induce consumer to purchase products. Text is justmeans, so translations do not have to stick to the text equivalent; 2) the feature ofadvertising language is vivid, which is the essence of advertising language. If thetranslation is not bold to change, there will be no magic translation; 3) formulaicexpressions are common use in advertising, if not alternative, it may be translatedinto foreign stereotyped writing (黎凡 xx:29-31)。 At the same time, researchersthought in terms of some specific advertisements, flexible translation seems to be theonly way, especially in the four kinds of advertising: 1) advertising used of witty and polished words; 2) advertising used of brand name; 3) advertising used of puns; 4)advertising with strong national culture color.

In order to achieve concise expression, attract more readers' attention, facilitatereaders recognize and remember, advertising writing should follow the KISSprinciple, namely, “keep it short and sweet” (郭可 1992:57-64)。 A great number ofstudies on advertising translation are associated with concise problem. Ding Shude isdedicated to his studies. He holds that: 1) Chinese advertising often uses modifiers toemphasis, product characteristics, while English advertising is simple words, mainlywith oral type. a lot of subject-predicative phrases in Chinese can be directlytranslated into adjectives English , such as 速度快、效率高、行动灵活 can betranslated into “fast, efficient and handy”; 2) There are a large number of the fourwords in Chinese advertising structure, which bring parallelism and overlapping tostrengthen language, but there is no such characteristic in English. InChinese-English translation should hold the center, around the center word leads toall aspects; 3) there are often loose sentences, which express a large amount ofinformation in Chinese advertising. Translation should be concise and compact,strengthen the logic; 4) Chinese advertising commonly uses formulaic expressions.

Translation should be fascinating, considering the overall rhetorical, but not stackrhetoric. Good English advertising language is not many words, but it is impressive(丁树德 xx: 42-43)。 Cao Shunfa also takes a large number of examples of bothEnglish-Chinese translation two aspects show that based on the principle of simple,the translation of advertising language should strive to use the most simple languageto express the most complex meaning, to make it easy to be remembered (曹顺发xx: 43-45)。

Equivalence theory is based on Nida's equivalence translation theory. On thisbasis, some researchers point out that commercial advertising translation is mainlyon the equivalence of semantic, social and cultural, and stylistic aspect. 1) Thesemantic equivalence. This is the most basic and important equivalence. From wordto chapter, in order to achieve the semantic equivalence, the first thing to thetranslator is that he must determine the meaning of the translation unit in context.

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