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试着翻译如下,参考: In accordance to the coming of "Information Era", sensor technology has increasingly progressed, and its coverage is more and more extensive,meanwhile, the demand for it is also becoming more urgent and monitoring system for indoor hazardous gas we are designing now is in purpose of pre-detecting and alarming of any harmful gas indoors,thus help prevent and reduce risk aiming at protecting security of human health as well as article is based on the core technology of resistor-based air sensor and TMS320F2812 DSP, it fulfills the function to display the gas density and enable communication of the upper serial ports, makes the significant exploration and study on the operating technology of alarming for hazardous gas, and holds a referring value in the area of monitoring implementation.
便携式口气检测计摘要:本文介绍了一种新型的气敏传感器测试系统的设计方法。该系统基于AT89C51单片机,能够同时进行多路传感器控制测试,经过A/D转化芯片,使其转变为数字量,并能够用液晶显示测试结果克服了目前气敏传感器人工操作测试带来的低效率,误差大,操作人员长时间工作等问题。 关键词:传感器;ATC89C51单片机;A/D转化芯片;液晶显示 1 引言 口腔有摄取食物,咀嚼等重要功能,唾液分泌可促进食物消化,辅助咀嚼功能。口腔中有牙齿,吃过的东西后,食物残屑会滞留在牙齿的缝隙中成为牙垢,残留在口腔中。 而在生物体的口腔中,有黏膜上皮的剥落细胞,食物中的营养素(食物残渣),水份(唾液和粘液),在36摄氏度下,口腔细菌(尤其是恶臭菌)繁殖,更容易发酵。 口臭的主要成分为挥发性硫化物,有甲硫醇,硫化氢,硫酸甲酯等。这些食物残渣,蛋白质分解产物,脱落的上皮细胞,细菌在适当的适度温度下,就会有恶臭的挥发性硫化物陆续产生,于是发生口臭。在医学界有检测口臭的检测器,但由于体积庞大,不利于携带,从而由西班牙科学家新研制出了一种可放入口袋的便携式口臭检测仪。其基本功能特点是采用HIG高性能8位单片机控制,传感器为口臭气体传感器;单键设计,极易操作;3档LED灯直观显示。气体传感器是气体检测系统的核心,通常安装在探测头内。从本质上讲,气体传感器是一种将某种气体体积分数转化成对应电信号的转换器。探测头通过气体传感器对气体样品进行调理,通常包括滤除杂质和干扰气体、干燥或制冷处理、样品抽吸,甚至对样品进行化学处理,以便化学传感器进行更快速的测量。气体的采样方法直接影响传感器的响应时间。目前,气体的采样方式主要是通过简单扩散法,或是将气体吸入检测器。简单扩散是利用气体自然向四处传播的特性。目标气体穿过探头内的传感器,产生一个正比于气体体积分数的信号。由于扩散过程渐趋减慢,所以扩散法需要探头的位置非常接近于测量点。扩散法的一个优点是将气体样本直接引入传感器而无需物理和化学变换。样品吸入式探头通常用于采样位置接近处理仪器或排气管道。这种技术可以为传感器提供一种速度可控的稳定气流,所以在气流大小和流速经常变化的情况下,这种方法较值得推荐。将测量点的气体样本引到测量探头可能经过一段距离,距离的长短主要是根据传感器的设计,但采样线较长会加大测量滞后时间,该时间是采样线长度和气体从泄漏点到传感器之间流动速度的函数。对于某种目标气体和汽化物,如SiH4以及大多数生物溶剂,气体和汽化物样品量可能会因为其吸附作用甚至凝结在采样管壁上而减少。2 方案论证 发觉硫化氢的气体的方法有几种。鼻子可以嗅到空气中含量百万分之一的硫化氢气体的存.在。但当硫化氢浓度达到,会使人的嗅觉钝化。如果硫化氢在空气中的含量达到100ppm以上,嗅觉会迅速钝化,而得出空气中不含硫化氢的不可靠的判断。因此,根据嗅觉器官测定硫化氢的存在是极不可靠的,十分危险的,应该采用测量仪器来确定硫化氢的存在及含量。方案一:用化学方法测定硫化氢的存在和含量 醋酸铅试纸法:将醋酸铅试液涂在白色试纸上,试纸仍为白色,当与硫化氢气体接触时,会变成棕色或黑色。让试纸与被测区空气接触3~5 分钟,根据色谱带对照试纸改变颜色的深度可判断硫化氢的浓度(在使用时注意将试纸沾上水)。试液配方:10 克醋酸+ 100 毫升醋酸( 或蒸馏水 )测量原理:Pb(CH3COO)2+H2S PbS(棕色或黑色)+2CH2COOH 安培瓶法:安培瓶内装有白色Pb(CH3COO)2固体颗粒,瓶口由海绵塞住,硫化氢气体可通过海绵侵入瓶内与反应,使醋酸颗粒变黑,是一种定性,半定量测量方法。 抽样检测管法:检测管由厂家专门生产的,管内装有浸过醋酸铅的固体颗粒。当含有硫化氢气体的空气通过检测管时,空气中硫化氢的含量越高,检测管变黑的长度就越长,可以在检测管上的刻度上读取数据,计算硫化氢的含量。这种测量方法检测精度高,成本低,但测量操作复杂,测量精度受检验人员熟练程度的影响。方案二:用电子探测仪测定硫化氢的存在和含量 电子探测仪主要应用到气体检测传感器和控制运算器中,其特点是测试方便,安全,便携。一般电子探测仪都具有声光报警和硫化氢含量显示功能,有的还能实现远距离控测。随着科学技术的发展,电子探测仪的性能将得到进一步提高,这将进一步提高数字化影像的质量。根据对比发现方案二更具实用价值,故选择方案二。
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