土木工程论文英文参考文献

土木工程专业的英文论文格式

导语：土木工程专业的英文的论文格式包括哪些内容呢?土木工程是建造各类工程设施的科学技术的统称。下面是我分享的土木工程专业的英文的论文格式，欢迎阅读!

土木工程专业的英文论文格式均以美国土木工程师协会出版社发布的标准格式为准。

英语论文用激光打印机打印，打印稿为黑白稿，彩色打印件会影响出版效果。

版心：a4纸，上、下页边距 cm，左、右页边距均为 mm。论文内容宽不得超过， 长不得超过。

字体和字号：正文，标题，作者联络信息和图表中的文字均为times new roman 12号字。可以跟据需要使用同类字体中的粗体，斜体。

行距：单倍行距。

页码： 论文正文和文后所附图例都需添加页码。页码为阿拉伯数字，位于页面下方居中。

文体： 文章应语法正确，技术用词准确。标题应该以最简洁的语言概括文章内容。如果标题较长，请采用title: subtitle的形式。

数学公式：文中的数学公式不得手写，必须打印。公式如果在文中多次被引用，应该编号。公式之间，公式和正文之间都应该空一行。 单位： 文中所用的度量衡单位应为国际单位。可在括号内，单位对应表中列出其他单位。有关国际单位的使用(standard practice for use of the international system of units)可以通过电话1-向asce索取。其他相关使用参考文献，如anmc metric editorial guide， 5th ed，1992 可向美国国家公制协会 索取(american national metric council， 1735n. lynn street， suite 950， arlington， va 22209-2022)

图表：

标题说明和图例：插入的图表应该以出现顺序编号(figure 1，figure 2，table 1，table 2)。图的说明和标题，包括图的序号应该位于图的下方。表的说明和标题，包括表的序号应该位于表格上方。

位置： 图可以插入到正文中，或者集中放在文章最后。如果在正文中插入图，尽量放在页面的.顶部或尾部。不要选择文字环绕图形的对齐方式，可选择上下环绕方式。

底纹： 插图中不要选择带阴影或底纹，否则会影响印刷效果。

照片：如果文中需要附上照片，在文中出现照片的地方贴上其黑白光面冲洗照片，标题说明位于照片下方。照片将和正文一起缩印，请不要提供彩色照片，以免影响印刷效果。

扫描图： 印刷后的扫描图不如原件清晰。如果文中有扫描图，请提供灰色色标扫描图。

作者联络信息：请用横线和正文隔开。联络信息可以为一位作者或所有作者的，包括以下内容：作者全名;所属学会;学历或授予的荣誉;所在单位;通讯地址和电子邮箱;电话和传真。

参考文献： 所有参考文献为单倍行距，放在文章最后，按照第一作者姓氏的字母顺序排列。如有同一作者的两篇以上文献，按出版年代先后排列。正文中引用参考文献时，作者和出版年代应该放入括号内。由于上标缩印后会变小，难于辨认，正文中不使用上标标注参考文献。所列出的参考文献应当在正文中都有所引用，如果正文中没有引用，请将文献列入文章最后的附加信息(additional information)部分，或者相关材料(related materials)部分。

1.《建筑结构制图标准》GB/T50105-2001

2.《建筑结构荷载规范》GB5009-2001(2006版)

3.《混凝土结构设计规范》GB50010-2002

4.《建筑地基基础设计规范》GB5007-2002

5.《砌体结构设计规范》GB5003-2001

6.《建筑抗震设计规范》GB5011-2001

7.《钢结构设计规范》GB50017-2003

8.《建筑结构构造资料》(合订本)，中国建筑工业出版社，1998年。

9.《混凝土结构构造手册》，中国建筑工业出版社，2002年。

10.《地基基础设计手册》，上海科技出版社，1998年。

11.《混凝土结构设计手册》，中国建筑工业出版社，2002年。

12.《建筑结构静力计算手册》，中国建筑工业出版社，1999年

13.《建筑结构强制性国家标准》(简装本)，中国建筑工业出版社，2001年9月

14. 任全宏、常建军.钢筋混凝土多层框架结构房屋结构设计中应注意的几个问题。陕西建筑2007，145(7).

15. 范俊梅. 钢筋混凝土多层框架结构设计问题分析. 科技资讯2008，3.

16. Basic Principles for Reinforced Concrete Structure Design

17.建筑、结构设计有关图集资料以及专业课程教材等。

Standard Handbook for Civil Engineers (Handbook) by Jonathan Ricketts, M. Loftin and Frederick MerrittCivil Engineering Handbook,by Architect's Portable Handbook, by PAT GUTHRIE,McGraw-Hill Company.这些都是PEC土木工程英语证书考试的辅导用书。应该是最好的了。内容覆盖：钢结构、混凝土结构、砌体结构、地基与基础、建筑材料与施工技术。主要考察土木工程类专业术语的阅读与理解。

Research on the construction safety management of Civil EngineeringIn recent years, the construction accident in civil engineering in our country often occur. This not only caused casualties, also caused great loss of national property, and resulting in a very bad social influence. Therefore, in our country, the construction units in the civil engineering construction projects, shouldstrengthen the construction safety management, all aspects ofsecurity control for engineering, to prevent dangerous accidentsin the end it all. The cause of the civil engineering constructionaccidents are in many aspects. In order to enhance security,should be combined with the characteristics of construction projects and the enterprise's internal and external conditions, the rational allocation of production factors, optimization of management process. In order to realize the construction safetymanagement, construction units should establish a safety management system of a project, it should be carried out from the following aspects:A construction safety consciousness, cultivate the modern safety science theory, occurrence of unsafe human behavior causedcasualties. To implement safety management, it should becombined with psychology, behavioral science to strengthen the education and training of employees in production safety,improve the consciousness of safe production, so as to guide the safety production behavior of employees. For the construction enterprises should strengthen safety awareness and educationproject personnel, developing the regular safety education to the construction personnel involved in the project, and to carry outsecurity work. Three level education to the new participate in the work of the operating personnel; often transform types of employees, should be safety training for new types of work, makeoperation personnel matters needing attention can be familiar with the safe operation of the. In order to make safe productionconsciousness win support among the people, enterprisemanagement personnel but also in engineering project, using a variety of promotional tools to start a variety of education,cultivate the construction personnel safety consciousness. Andin the management of enterprises, the production safety systemthought to. Leaders at all levels and enterprises in issuing the project production task, should also carry out safety productionmeasures. Such as the production safety requirements to the construction personnel, so conducive to safe thought into the production of management, let each employee has consciously in the psychological sense of , the establishment of management system for safety in production in addition to strengthen production safety education and awareness of construction project staff, should alsoestablish a safety management system, protect the system from the construction enterprise safety in production of. In order toavoid the frequent occurrence of sudden accident, the construction enterprise should according to the project, to develop a comprehensive, the system of safety management,and invest the necessary manpower and funds to ensure the implementation of the project. Ensure the production safetyconstruction from the system implementation, the project section of construction enterprises should establish the safety inspectionsystem, and regularly to the project construction of the security check. Make a clear record of project construction process,record the dangerous post, and regularly check the work. Self evaluation and construction team every week to organize asafety activities, the project department to make regular safetyevaluation for project production. Construction enterprises in theconstruction of civil engineering, in order to establish a safety management system, need to make corresponding technical measures for safety management system, a comprehensivescientific standard for , the safety work of construction enterprise project technical measures should be prior to commencement of for engineering and technical measures should be strict examination and approval, the approval before implementation. If the design changes during construction, corresponding safety technical measures should be coordinated with the adjustment,will follow. The safety technical measures enacted personnel andparticipation, should fully understand the project as the construction scheme, construction environment, the actualoperation has, and combined with relevant laws and regulations or the security policy to establish safety technical measures,which can ensure the safety measures. In civil engineering construction of large, corresponding safety technical measuresshould be formulated more comprehensive and more specific,must be carried out through the whole process of construction,and mainly covers to other engineering safety. To establish the system of safety management, construction enterprises should also be strict safety before the construction of the project, technical personnel should to the technical measures for the construction personnelwork. Such as technical personnel issue written materials relatedto the construction personnel, and the implementation of safety technical measures of construction workers to regularly check;when technicians found construction personnel in violation oftechnical measure behavior, to give timely corrected. When theconstruction personnel technical mistakes when amended and supplemented immediately. In order to ensure the safety ofconstruction enterprises to implement, should take theseinspection of production safety measures the formation of rules and regulations, require employees to strictly abide by, so to ensure safety production system. At the same time, the construction enterprises can also follow the specific constructiondevelopment situation, formulate a set of safety technical measures linked to reward and punishment system, to strictly abide by the department or individual production safety, strictsecurity checks to reward, and if there are penalties for violations of the phenomenon. At the same time should have a goodproduction safety supervision work, and sent to the specialized production safety supervision work. When there is potential safety hazard factors in project development, should be timely analysis and inspection and make treatment immediately, so thatthe safety management to implement, implement the specificsystem, ensure the feasibility of production safety. The range ofcivil engineering projects involved in the construction processmore widely, because the factors which affect the engineering safety more. But in the construction process, the occurrence of safety accidents is often unexpected, with occasional andunexpected strong. These come unexpectedly accidents, serious damage often caused casualties and , strengthen the safety production and environment management in civil engineering construction process,environment is an important factor influencing the construction safety. So in order to guarantee safety in production, enterprises should be to strengthen the management of construction site. As in the construction site, the unnecessary equipment and surplus materials, should be timely treatment. In the pile construction materials in order to keep the construction site, the patency of the road accident, ensure to timely rescue, this is to protect the safety measures to realize. And construction enterprises shouldstrictly abide by the rules and regulations, which occurred on theconstruction site of the waste, garbage bag, cement, waste materials and other items should be clear, it can keep the siteclean, to create a civilized construction environment for safe construction. Create a safe production environment construction enterprises, should also be reflected in the risk disposal of equipment. For some such as the construction of electricity,dangerous equipment, cloth rod is used, should by the competent department of enterprise safety approval approval,the approval before they can be put into use after. And in the process of construction of civil engineering, a comprehensive analysis of the conditions of construction project. Some of the effects of environmental factors of the quality of construction, totake timely measures, and to conduct a comprehensivespecification, so that can realize the safe construction quality engineering to create good conditions.

【1】 王火利,章润娣，工程建设项目管理〔M〕,中国水利电力出版社, 2005.【2】 任多鑫,企业改革与标准化管理[J],管理现代化,1983年03期.【3】 冯玉清，从大连开发区看推行混凝土商品化的必要性[J]，建筑经济,1985【4】 张宽权,曹居易. 建筑工程质量管理〔M〕,四川大学出版社,2006年版.【5】 王佩建,浅谈建筑施工企业的文明施工管理[J],建材技术与应用,2007.【6】 陈永良,试论如何加强建筑企业文明施工管理[J],大众科技,2007,(03).【7】 陈桂久,施工项目动态管理〔M〕.企业管理出版社，2002年版.【8】 康宝锟,如何改进建筑企业大堆材料的管理和核算[J]，财会通讯，、 章克凌.《机械化施工组织与管理》[M].北京：机械工业出版社.2002；3、 邓学才.《施工组织的编制与实施》[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社.2002；4、 黄展东.《建筑施工组织与管理》[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社.2003；5、 吴根宝.《建筑施工组织》[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社.2001；6、 糜嘉平.模板工程施工专业化是必然趋势.[J].施工技术，2008，37（8）：24；8、 李书全.《土木工程施工》。上海：同济大学出版社.2004；9、 阎西康、张厚先、赵春艳.《建筑工程施工》.北京：人民交通出版社.2006；10、 江景波、赵志缙.《建筑施工》.上海：同济大学出版社.1990；11、 江见鲸.《土木工程施工》[M].北京：中国建筑出版社.2006；12、 江见鲸.《建筑工程管理与实务》[M].北京：中国建筑出版社.2007；13、 孟新田.《土木工程概预算与清单计价》[M].北京：高等教育出版社.2008；14、 丛培经.《工程项目管理》[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社.2008；15、 胡运权.《运筹教程》[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2008；16、 邹化烨、李为民、刘敏.施工组织设计的编制[J].水利天地.1997、；17、 工程施工组织设计规范与施工规范实用全书[M].北京：中国城市出版社.1999、12； 19、 林锷.《预算与施工组织》[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社.2003.