激励机制论文总结英文文献

Abstract: Human resources are strategic resources for the modern enterprise ①, enterprise development is the most critical factor, and incentives are an important part of human resources, it is a psychological term referring to stimulate the mental processes of human behavior. In essence, is to promote the object of some kind of managed organization to achieve goals beneficial to the specific motives and in accordance with the way organizations need to make organizations more quickly and better goals. In today's world, into almost all the managers are seeking to work and the best way to achieve the best efficiency. The manager, by definition, is work with people and play a guiding role. To do this, how to mobilize staff and workers, to enable them to organizational goals and services, has become an urgent need to address each and every manager one of the issues. According to studies by psychologists, human motivation is associated with the need, is motivated by the people themselves to promote the. As for the motive, it is a way to provide spiritual strength, vitality and power, and the ability to guide behavior to achieve the objective state of mind. It is precisely because this state of human behavior can play a stimulating, promoting and strengthening the role. This also can be good or bad use of incentive mechanisms to some extent determine the success of enterprise is a very important : incentive mechanism an important factor in determining human resource management role

当今世界竞争是人才的竞争，高素质的人力资本是酒店业得以健康持续稳定发展的根本保证。随着酒店从业人员素质，思想观念及自我发展意识和民主观念的不断增强，酒店这一以人为本的服务行业在人力资源管理中暴露出员工积极性低服务意识低人员流失率升高等方面的题。因此本文从现状分析、物质激励、精神激励、以及激励体系的建立四个方面又结合了星级酒店人力资源管理的实际情况，对现代酒店管理中的激励机制做了初步的研究。另外还提出一些开发酒店人力资本，提高酒店人力资本水平的策略及措施。 第1章 酒店业的现状分析 酒店业的竞争，归根结底是人才的竞争。管理的核心问题，是人的问题。在酒店管理中运用人力资源管理获得竞争优势的案例越来越多。 案例：报纸杂志不断刊登文章报道服务业的不良状况，一线员工错误不断、态度恶劣简直是置顾客于不顾。缺少技术熟练的员工，面对高人员的流失率，深受其苦的服务业必须向那些与顾客接触的企业注入新的生命力。分析研究表明：当一个人被高度激励时，他会努力工作主动向顾客提供尽可能好的服务；而没有被激励时，他会尽可能的节省精力。现代管理者的首要任务就是要点燃员工内心的工作热情之火，以此驱动员工在工作中展现的出色，从而实现组织所期望的最佳绩效。在企业中出色的领导者已经认识到这点，只有“以人为本”的企业管理，才能在如今激烈的竞争中生存、发展、兴旺。管理是一门艺术，员工激励是艺术中的艺术，员工是企业的灵魂。设计有效的员工激励机制，才能提高员工的积极性。使其才能在不同的企业文化不同的组织结构和不同的企业环境中发挥其最大的潜能，从而实现组织的期望目标。首先姑且让我把激励方法分为三类：物质激励、精神激励和激励机制的设计，通过对这三类的分析和了解，才能让我们理解激励机制的作用和意义，从而才能为企业建立有效激励体系。下面我们把激励的方法分为两类：物质激励和精神激励；通过对这些激励方法的了解和认识，才能让我们意识到激励机制的作用。 第2章物质激励 物质激励是指通过物质刺激的方法鼓励职工工作。 它的主要表现形式有正激励，如发工资、奖金、津贴、福利等；负激励如罚款等。物质需要是人类的第一需要，是人们从事一切社会活动的基本动因，所以，物质激励是激励的主要模式，也是目前我国企业内部使用的非常普遍的一种激励模式。 正激励法 奖励是指饭店组织对员工的良好行为举止或工作表现给予的积极肯定与表彰。奖励作为员工激励的一种手段，目的在于促使受奖励的员工将他们的模范行为加以保持和发扬，并成为全体员工的表率，为奋员工队伍的士气起到积极的推动作用。运用好这一手段还要注意以下几点：（一）奖励要及时，且奖励方法要不断创新。（二）注意对其他员工的心理疏导化。不断定下新的目标，淡化过去着眼未来，树立正确的公平观。（三）.重视对团体的奖励，在现代饭店活动中组织目标的实现，员工个人的尊严与成就，都需要经过群体的共同努力才能得以实现，因此重视团体激励，有利于在员工中形成统一的思想认识，增强凝聚力提高员工的竞争力。 负激励法 惩罚是一种负激励，是现代饭店为了纠正员工工作中的不良行为，而才取的一种强制措施。应用得当，对不妥行为能取得很好的威慑作用。但万万不可以惩罚为主，只能作为一种辅助手段，否则就会适得其反。在运用这一手段时要注意以下几点：（一）不能不教而诛。应当把教育放在第一位，对屡教不改或造成严重后果者实施惩罚，且注意不可以罚代管。（二）选择合理有效的惩罚方式，且不可打击面过大，还要注意不可全盘否定，以小即大，伤害员工的心理。（三）将灵活性与原则性向结合，坚持原则，执法要严。在严格依照规定制度的前提下，一定的灵活性是完全必要的，因此在激励时要严格合理，严的合情，从而达到教育一大批的目的，虽说，物质激励不是万能的，但我们要合理的运用物质激励这一把双刃剑。例如：在洲济集团就有这样的一个管理方案，当员工第一天来到公司工作时，公司就会对员工的一些家庭情况经济条件等多方面做一个了解，对这一了解就建立了员工的个人资料，在日常的工作中有关人员对资料进行分析，在以后的工作中，管理者就会对以前的分析对员工实施有效的激励方案。全面的了解员工的需求和工作质量的好坏，不断的根据情况制定精确的激励方法，从而调动酒店的每为员工实现应有的业绩。 第3章精神激励 美国管理学家皮特就曾指出“重赏会带来副作用，因为高的奖金会使彼此封锁消息，影响工作的正常开展，整个社会的风气就会不正”。因此企业单用物质激励不一定能起到作用，所以又产生另一种激励方法——精神激励。就这一激励我大致分为以下几种：目标激励竞争激励及参与激励等。 In today's world competition is the talent competition, high-quality human capital is the hotel industry continued to be healthy and stable development of the fundamental guarantee. With the hotel employees in the quality of ideas and sense of self-development and growing the concept of democracy, the hotel that the people-oriented service sector in terms of human resource management staff revealed low awareness of service with low staff turnover rate increased the title and so on. This paper analyzes the status quo, therefore, material incentives, moral incentives, as well as the incentive system and a combination of four-star hotel human resources management of the actual situation of the modern hotel management incentive mechanism has done a preliminary study. In addition, some hotels in human capital development to improve the human capital level of the hotel's strategy and measures. Chapter 1 Analysis of the hotel industry Hotel industry, in the final analysis is the talent competition. Management of the core issue is the question. In hotel management in the use of human resources management to obtain a competitive advantage more and more cases. Case: newspapers and magazines continue to publish articles reporting the adverse conditions of the service sector, front-line staff error continuously, the attitude of the poor is ignored customers home. Lack of skilled staff, in the face of the high rate of loss of the services sector is suffering to those who come into contact with customers to inject new vitality enterprises. Analysis showed that: when a person was a high degree of motivation, he will take the initiative to work hard to provide the customers with the best possible service; and have not been inspired, he will save energy as much as possible. The primary task of modern managers is to kindle the enthusiasm of staff working inside the fire, to drive the staff work to show the outstanding organizations in order to achieve the best performance expectations. In the enterprise has been an excellent leader in recognition of this point, only the "people-oriented" corporate governance can be in today's fierce competition for survival, development, and prosperity. Management is an art, staff motivation is the art of art, the soul of the enterprise employees. Staff to design effective incentive mechanism to increase the enthusiasm of the staff. So that it can be in various different corporate culture and organizational structure of the enterprise environment to play their maximum potential in order to achieve the expectations of the target organizations. Let us first of all, let me incentive divided into three categories: material incentives, moral incentives and the design of incentive mechanisms, through these three types of analysis and understanding, so that we understand the role of incentive mechanism and significance of the enterprise so as to establish an effective incentive system. We are encouraged by the following methods to fall into two categories: material and spiritual encouragement and incentives; incentives of these methods of understanding and knowledge in order to let us realize that the role of incentives. Chapter 2 material incentives Material incentives is the way to the adoption of incentives to encourage trade union work. Its main manifestations of positive incentives, such as wages, bonuses, allowances, benefits, etc.; negative incentives such as fines. Material needs is the first of human needs, is engaged in social activities of all the basic motive, therefore, the material incentives to encourage the main mode is the internal use of Chinese enterprises are very common mode of an incentive. Excitation method is Hotel reward is the good organization of the behavior of employees or work performance and in recognition of the positive. Incentives as a means of staff motivation, incentives designed to induce employees by their exemplary acts to maintain and carry forward and set an example for all staff, for staff morale Fen play a positive role in promoting. Make good use of this means we must pay attention to the following: (a) awards to be timely, and an incentive to innovation. (B) the attention of other employees of the psychological. Constantly set new goals, to play down the past focus on the future, to establish a correct view of the fair. (C). Emphasis on incentive groups, activities in a modern hotel in the achievement of organizational goals, personal dignity and achievements, both need to go through the joint efforts of groups can be achieved, the emphasis on incentive groups, is conducive to the formation of a unified staff the ideological understanding, and enhance the cohesion of staff to enhance their competitiveness. negative excitation method Punishment is a negative incentive is a modern hotel staff in order to correct the bad behavior, and to obtain a compulsory measure. Applied correctly, can be made to the wrong acts of a very good deterrent. However, employees must not be punished mainly as a supplementary means only, otherwise it will backfire. In the use of the means to pay attention to the following points: (a) those that can not teach and to punish. Give education top priority should be on the incorrigible or those who have serious consequences for the implementation of punishment, and punishment can not be hosted attention. (B) select a reasonable and effective punishment, and the scope can not be too large, but not a total negation of the attention to small or large, the psychological harm to employees. (C) will be a matter of principle to the combination of flexibility and principles, adhered to more stringent enforcement. In strict accordance with the provisions of the system under the premise of a certain degree of flexibility is absolutely necessary, so in a reasonable incentive to be strict, strict fair, a large number so as to achieve the purpose of education, although, material incentives is not a panacea, but we have to reasonable use of material incentives that a double-edged sword. For example: in the Jeju Island Group has a management program such that when the staff came to the company the first day of work, the company will staff the case of some families, such as economic conditions in a multifaceted understanding of the understanding on the establishment of a staff personal data, in the day-to-day work of the staff analysis of data, work in the future, managers will be on the previous analysis of the implementation of effective employee incentive program. Comprehensive understanding of the needs of employees and the quality of work is good or bad, according to the situation of constant incentive to develop accurate, thereby mobilizing the hotel staff to achieve each and every performance should be. Inspire the spirit of Chapter 3 Management experts point out that Pitt had "side-effects will be rewarded, because of the high prize money would blockade the news to each other and affect the normal development, the social atmosphere will be errors." Enterprise alone, therefore the material may not be able to play the role of incentives, so they have another incentive - the spirit of encouragement. On this incentive, I roughly divided into the following categories: goals motivation and participation in competitive incentives and other incentives.( ^_^ )如果符合要求的话请采纳哦

内容摘要: 在市场经济发展日趋深化的今天，品牌对于企业生存和发展的重要性已众所周知，品牌战略已成为众多知名企业在市场竞争中立于不败之地的法宝。品牌文化是树立企业形象、提升企业竞争力的核心问题之一。因为，品牌是拥有它的企业区别于其它企业的标识，它不仅仅是企业形象识别，本质上代表着卖方对交付给买方的产品特征、利益和服务的一贯性承诺。品牌是质量的保证，是优质的服务，是企业文化的结晶，是企业的一个象征。品牌除属性、利益、价值外，更主要的是代表了企业文化的追求。企业文化赋予了品牌鲜活的生命力和非我莫属的无形张力，任何一个知名品牌的背后都有其企业文化为依托，品牌一旦生成于优越的企业文化氛围之中，便能大放异彩。因此，本文通过对品牌基本含义的阐述，探讨了品牌在工业企业发展中的重要性，并对工业企业竞争的重要性做出分析。关键词: 品牌竞争 工业企业 竞争意识一、品牌的建设对企业来说有什么重要性呢？在目前的国内市场上，没有打造自己的“品牌”，企业的商品力就很弱，也就是说基本没什么竞争优势，更不会有所有企业家都梦寐以求的附加值 高额利润；所以说，附加值低是中国很多企业最大的无奈 因为附加值低，企业缺乏产品研发、管理升级、以及市场推广的投入；没有强势的品牌竞争力，企业商品的市场竞争力就不敌竞争对手，其市场价格自然难以提升，由此就带来了更低的附加值，以至于使企业陷入低水平竞争的怪圈，企业进入更恶性的循环。因此对企业而言，品牌竞争力的高低决定着企业与企业之间利润的大与小，也决定着产品与产品之间的成功与失败，更决定着企业与企业之间的强大与弱小。 创造强势品牌对于一个企业来讲是一件意义深远的事情，是企业获得核心竞争优势的基础，也是在当代国际化的市场经济竞争中是否能迅速崛起、强盛起来的关键。巨大的中国市场已经成为国内外企业共同争夺的主战场，企业不论实力、不论规模、不论资历，注定要在同样的竞争环境下求得生存、渴望发展。要想在竞争中胜出，必须将注意力集中于——创造具有核心竞争优势的“强势品牌”。 创建强势大品牌的最终目的是为了持续获取较好的销售与利润。由于无形资产的重复利用是不用成本的，只要有科学的态度与高超的智慧来规划品牌延伸战略，就能通过理性的品牌延伸与扩张充分利用品牌资源这一无形资产，实现企业的跨越式发展。 现在的市场竞争其实已经发展为到了“品牌的战争”的阶段 -也就是“品牌核心优势的竞争”， 没有品牌的竞争是无力的竞争，没有品牌支撑的商品是脆弱的商品，没有品牌根基的市场可以说根本就不是“已占领的市场”。因此，众多商界与投资者都认识到“品牌”才是企业最珍贵的资源。二、如何增强品牌竞争意识1、我国企业品牌竞争现状有人曾问国内一些知名企业的老总，企业经营的目标是什么？答案是：品牌的市场占有率。这表明许多知名企业的老总已认识到了品牌的重要性。特别是当前国际市场生产力已经处于过剩状态，所有开放市场经济国家都不同程度地进入了买方市场，市场竞争的环境、手段与过去相比都发生了很大的变化。在这种新情况下，企业取胜的主要手段已不再单纯以产品本身来竞争，还包括品牌的竞争。可以说，未来国际市场竞争的主要形式将是品牌的竞争，品牌战略的优劣将成为企业在市场竞争中出奇制胜的法宝。事实上，许多世界知名企业往往都是把品牌发展看成是企业开拓国际市场的优先战略。可口可乐、百事可乐、麦当劳等等无一不是先从抓品牌战略开始的，即创立属于自己的名牌产品，并把它作为一种开拓市场的手段，最终占领市场。而且，由于名牌的综合带动作用十分巨大，外向度也相当在市场经济发展日趋深化的今天，品牌对于企业生存和发展的重要性已众所周知，品牌战略已成为众多知名企业在市场竞争中立于不败之地的法宝。进入WTO后,我国经济逐步融入国际市场,民族企业面临着更加激烈的竞争环境。这种激烈的市场竞争是产品质量、技术服务和价格等要素的竞争,最终要通过品牌竞争来实现。以名牌的经济实力为后盾来分割世界资源、拓展全球市场,将是国际经济运行的一大特点。2004年,我国GDP已升至世界第六位,贸易总量升至第四位,我国的彩电、服装、鞋帽等多达100多个大类产品产量居世界第一。显然,中国是无可非议的制造业大国,但是,我们却是无可争议的品牌弱国。2003年由世界权威机构评出的100个全球最有价值的品牌中,美国占62个,日、法、德和英国各占六七个,我国为零。2、树立专业品牌意识品牌文化是树立企业形象、提升企业竞争力的核心问题之一。因为，品牌是拥有它的企业区别于其它企业的标识，它不仅仅是企业形象识别，本质上代表着卖方对交付给买方的产品特征、利益和服务的一贯性承诺。品牌是质量的保证，是优质的服务，是企业文化的结晶，是企业的一个象征。品牌除属性、利益、价值外，更主要的是代表了企业文化的追求。企业文化赋予了品牌鲜活的生命力和非我莫属的无形张力，任何一个知名品牌的背后都有其企业文化为依托，品牌一旦生成于优越的企业文化氛围之中，便能大放异彩。三、品牌竞争在工业企业中的重要作用1、产品质量是品牌打造的基础。品牌产品是产品中的精华，是以高度的质量保证为基本特征的，是决定产品市场和销售效果的本质条件。质量是品牌的生命，是获得荣誉、取信于社会的保证。2、坚守是支撑品牌塑造的关键。信誉是一个品牌能够在消费者心目中建立其"品牌偏好"和"品牌忠诚"感觉的基本要素。因为消费者对某一品牌产生偏好甚至忠诚，是对工业企业在产品质量、服务质量等各个方面的承诺所产生的信任。这种信任首先是消费者在市场上反复的实验中逐渐得到归属，然后又在反复的消费中对自己喜欢的品牌产生认同。品牌的信誉竞争力不但可以巩固已有的消费者群体，还可以通过它们扩展出潜在的消费者群体。因而良好的品牌信誉是企业的无形资产，可以增强品牌的竞争力，带来超值的利润。但是，信誉的建立和维护不仅需要很高的代价，而且还需要企业有长远的战略眼光。许多品牌的企业经营者们在激烈的市场竞争环境下，很难抗拒短期内获取高额利润的强烈诱惑，最终以牺牲品牌承诺为代价去换取眼前利益。温州品牌要想真正成为具有国际竞争力的世界级品牌，企业就必须时刻恪守自己的承诺，遵循基本的商业游戏规则，什么情况下都不能动摇自己的品牌信念。3、技术创新和科学管理是确保品牌竞争力的源泉。品牌是市场竞争的产物，是企业具有旺盛生命力的标志。品牌产品由于高科技含量使其具有高质量和高附加值，从而带来高竞争力和高利润。谁拥有了某一领域的知识产权，成为众所周知的品牌，谁就是这一领域的领先者。科技的进步使品牌中的科技、文化含量越来越大，要保持品牌的持续竞争力，就必须不断进行科技创新。同时随着经济的高速发展，人们的消费观念和需求也在不断变化，企业如果停止科技创新，以往的品牌产品就会过时，会被其它品牌所超越和取代。技术创新引导着市场需求，科学技术变迁决定着企业产供销体系和企业产业的发展方向，因而，制定以技术创新为基础的品牌竞争力战略是企业赢得市场份额的根本途径。任何品牌都有一个科学的内部管理环境。只有建立了科学完美的管理生产工艺流程及原材料消耗、产品质量考核、资金管理等管理制度，形成了有效的激励机制和约束机制，确立了企业产品稳定的消费群体和市场，品牌才能在市场的激烈竞争中迅速成长。4、高内涵的文化品牌是塑造品牌的核心。品牌竞争的背后是品牌文化的竞争。一个品牌的知名度、美誉度和忠诚度自然来自品牌所代表的产品的内在质量和性能。品牌文化的丰富内涵支撑着品牌的知名度和美誉度，使品牌的影响深入到消费者的内心，落实到消费者的行动上，从而提升着消费者对品牌的忠诚度。没有文化内涵的品牌缺乏吸引力和想像力，自然难以形成市场影响力，因此品牌的竞争力水平也就难以提高。品牌文化是结晶在品牌中的经营观、价值观、审美观等观念形态以及经营行为的总和。它不是品牌产品的实体层次，而是超越产品实体层次的抽象观念形态，是品牌的灵魂所在。针对温州企业品牌文化的具体情况，发展具有较深文化内涵的品牌应特别注重提高其服务文化。服务文化是一种服务理念和服务艺术。企业提供品牌服务首先要体现出浓郁的文化情愫和情感色彩，在无形中形成一种高雅感和亲和力；其次要善于洞察顾客的潜在心理，想顾客之所想，提供切合顾客潜在心理期望的服务；优质品牌服务还要能谋求服务创新，率先推出有新特色的服务，给公众留下深刻、美好的印象。