发布时间：
随着改革开放的不断深化和我国社会经济的快速发展,英语学习从无到有,从中学又进入小学课堂,小学生学习英语已经成为中国小学生学习的必备内容。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于小学英语获奖论文参考范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!
浅谈促进小学英语教学中朗读水平的提高的对策
听说读写是英语学习中四项基本的能力，既然是一种语言，学习以后贵在交流和运用，在学习的时候注重的就应该是读和说。小学英语，学生刚刚接触，只有加强朗读，才能形成语感，使得单词和句型不自觉地就能从嘴里“溜”出去，这样就形成了最基本的英语语言系统。英语朗读能力的提高是逐步的，课堂是朗读训练的主要阵地，课堂也是学生朗读能力提高的有利环境，甚至课后也是英语朗读能力提高的黄金时段，这要看英语老师怎样来合理利用。
一 朗读示范，提高标准程度
小学英语的内容比较少，因而英语课时也不多，老师要抓住课堂的分分秒秒进行内容的讲解、朗读的训练，在有限的时间内获得最大的效益。要给学生最正宗的英语朗读训练，让学生明确朗读中的正误，提高朗读的标准程度。读准，才能读顺。
朗读示范，这是每一位英语老师的重要工作，每一节课英语老师都应不厌其烦地一遍遍领读，纠正学生发音的错误。英语毕竟不是母语，在读和说的时候都是“鹦鹉学舌式”，所以出现这样或者那样的问题也不足为怪。“拖音”和“减音”是比较常见的现象。尤其是齐读的时候，“拖音”的现象最严重，而且是一个语调下来，没有节奏感和重音，这样的朗读就没有感情色彩，当然就不美。老师要做好示范朗读，让学生很清晰地听明白每一个单词的发音，每一个句子的重音落在哪个单词上，然后再让学生模仿朗读。
学生对本课的单词和句子能够读得比较顺了，再播放录音。现在用得比较多的是多媒体，结合动画，调动起学生各种感官，眼动、口动、脑动，学生的朗读效果就会不断加强。
如小学英语5A Unit 3 At a Music lesson 学习了很多单词，lesson，sing，song，dance，play等，领读单词后，开始练习句型和对话。Boys and girls，Can you sing some English songs? 其中的“songs”语调要升。老师要让学生注意跟读(Look at me and listen to me，please.)。重点是语调和重音，如Can you sing the song“We can sing and dance”? /I can sing “Ten Little Indians”，what can you sing? 之后，再通过多媒体动画演示，配上比较标准的英语朗读，学生听后跟读。然后模仿录音自由读，一节课下来，大多数的学生都能熟读成诵，朗读训练的效果当然很好。
所以，英语老师的朗读示范是帮助学生读准音调的最好方法，很多的课文录音也可以帮助学生正音，但是英语掌握程度不是很高的学生很难适应录音中的语速，老师的范读可以根据学生的需要适当调整速度，以便学生更加清晰地明白其音调和重音。
二 技巧指导，诱发感悟能力
朗读技巧很多，如语音、语调、节奏、重音、语速的把握等，都是朗读的时候需要特别注意的。小学英语比较重视口语交际，只有先会读，才能流利地说。如果单词都是一个一个地分开读，听者就会听不懂。还有一种现象是，学生根本不会断句，因为语音把握不好，一些非重读的音节被拉长，一些意思紧密的词语被拆开，所以读起来就没有节奏感。如Boys and girls，we have a new friend today.句子中的a是应该弱化的词，学生却重读了。在朗读的时候，需要老师加强指导，以提高学生朗读的准确性。
语音语调的训练，老师可以通过指导学生去探究一些符合拼读规则的单词，让学生首先具有自主发音和拼读的基本技能。积累一定量的单词以后，学生就会发现读音和拼读之间的规律，从而领悟字母发音的规律性。老师在指导字母发音的规律时，渗透语调的运用，这样学生就可以把握单词语音语调的朗读和运用。
节奏和语速是英语朗读训练比较重要的方面。节奏感最有效的训练是教材每个单元的“Chant”，学生通过诵读、练唱，可以非常明显地提高英语朗读的节奏性。老师不仅仅要利用好教材中的“Chant”，还应该自己编制儿歌来训练，同时还可以增强课堂的趣味性。
老师在指导朗读的时候，要注意指导学生结合想象，尽可能想象语言交流的环境。学生凭借想象可以走进文章中所描述的那个具体形象的世界，不断融入语言环境中，就可以不自觉地准确把握语气、语调。
三 组织活动，培养朗读兴趣
每天的课外活动时间，英语老师都会组织小组进入“英语角”进行朗读训练。形式可以多种多样，如儿歌朗读、小组比赛、角色配音等。小组活动时可以根据课文内容进行同步训练，也可以选取与课文内容相关的课外语段进行朗读训练。小学生的词汇量还不是很大，多是依据课本进行训练。英语老师在课外活动的时候，选取所教的几个班级中程度相当的小组进行朗读比赛。因为是不同班级派出代表，学生的班级荣誉感都很强，所以无论是轮到哪个小组，学生的重视程度都特别高。只要能够提高学生的重视程度，朗读训练才会有更好的效果。
如5A Unit 2 A new house，学生都很喜欢读，学习这个单元的一周内，每天下午的课外活动，我都会抽出不同程度的学生进行朗读比赛。不同班级还可以融合在一起，分出男女生比赛朗读，在朗读的时候，还增进了兄弟班级之间的友谊。每个单元学习完以后还会举行朗读竞赛，评出朗读明星，在学习园地里贴上一颗星。每个月评一次“月冠军”，每个学期还要评出“学期冠军”。这种训练评价的方式可以激发学生的朗读热情。 有趣的活动是学生最喜欢的学习方式，尤其是带有竞赛性的活动，更能激发学生的斗志，点燃学生的热情。老师在举行活动的时候，要激发学生的荣誉感，让学生能够主动去读。如果学生能够带着欲望去读，对英语单词和句型的识记速度就快，效果就好。朗读水平的提高并非朝夕之功，需要学生长期坚持训练。所以，活动的形式要常换常新，让学生对活动保持新鲜感。
四 拓展训练，形成基本语感
课堂是朗读训练的主要场所，课间也有老师组织安排，那么课后回家呢?节假日和周末是学生朗读训练最充足的时间，如果老师不能安排好，做不好“遥控指挥”，经过一个周末回来，学生会读的单词不认识了，会读的课文也会变得生疏了。所以，学生周末在家，老师不能仅仅布置书面作业，还应该让学生多读、多练，甚至还要鼓励学生阅读英语报纸上短小精悍的小文章。老师可以帮助学生精选与课文内容相关的文章，还可以拓宽学生的知识面。多读、多练即可形成语感，在语音、语调、节奏、语速上就可以很好地把握。
周末节假日，只能靠家长监督。老师应该利用家长会与全体家长沟通交流，让家长在周末更上心，协助老师监督学生在家里的朗读情况。单词、句型的朗读要求是几遍，家长要监督好，并且“签字证明”。周一老师检查的时候，很明显就能发现学生在家里读的效果。如果发现有不到位的情况，可以和家长交流了解。这样，家校形成合力，可以有效促进学生朗读能力的提高。当然，老师的要求不能是泛泛的要求，让家长无所适从。如果是朗读课文还是比较好操作的，因为学生都有课本，家长有依据。如果是课外阅读语段，则要老师帮助挑选，最好是统一打印下发，方便家长配合监督。如5A Unit 6 Doing housework 学习完后，让学生周末回家读课文单词3遍，效果不错。类文朗读 The first time cooking，学生经过在家里的训练都能拿出来进行朗读比赛。
拓展训练的要求难度大一些，尤其是课外时间，较之课堂教学效果要差一些。有的家长并没有能力辅导学生的朗读训练，但可以“听”。只要学生在读，大声读，就是有效果的。没有训练的材料，就可以让学生读英语教材，把英语课本上所有的句型、对话、文章都读熟，也是一种语感的培养。
朗读是语言习得中比较重要的方面，老师要运用多种方式引导学生进行朗读的训练，增强学生“读”的兴趣。每学习一篇新的课文，学生都能朗朗上口，在熟读的基础上达到成诵的程度。就像有的老师说的：“学生每天千遍百遍地读，一些句子不假思考就跑到嘴里来了。”这就形成了基本的语感。达到这个程度，英语朗读教学就不再是问题了。
>>>下页带来更多的小学英语获奖论文参考范文
《新时期下的小学英语教学方式研究》
【摘 要】小学英语教学必须有一套重要的教学方法。一个合格的英语教师，既要从理论上掌握教学方法，又应在实践中灵活地运用，善于在完成教学任务的同时，也要教会学生如何获得知识的方法。对英语教学方法的探究，必须从教师和学生两方面着手，作综合研究，这是小学英语教学改革的需要，也是当前开展素质教育的需要。
【关键词】小学英语;课堂教学;思考
提高课堂教学效率，实施有效教学是完成小学英语教学目标，提高小学英语教学质量的重要途径。广大小学英语教师要通过有趣、有用、有效的教学活动达到教学目标，有效促进学生的发展。
一、课堂教学活动要目标明确
新课程理念下，基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是：培养学生的综合语言运用能力，学生能够用英语做事情是课堂教学目标达成的主要体现。在小学英语课堂教学中，教师广泛采用贴近学生生活的，易于学生参与体验的任务型教学活动。而有些活动的教学目标指向性不强，甚至指向错误的教学目标。如，在一次听课中，有位教师在教学单词 Chinese book， English book， math book， school bag， notebook的拼写时，让学生用身体的运动写出单词的字母，有的学生显得很兴奋，而有的学生纯粹是在那里乱扭，甚至连字母都不拼读，只是觉得好玩，好笑。这样的活动看似热闹，但不能起到真正强化单词拼写的作用。像这样不能指向正确的教学目标的活动我们不能认为它是有效教学。
二、情境创设要真实便于操作，合理分配时间
新课程提倡创设真实、具有挑战性的开放的教学环境和问题情境。要求教师从学生的生活经验和已有的知识出发，创设生动有趣的教学情境，引导学生开展观察、操作、猜想、推理、交流等活动，使学生通过学习活动，掌握基本的知识和技能。创设符合教学内容贴近学生生活的真实的教学情境是小学英语课堂实施有效教学的重要途径。小学英语教学中，主要有借助实物和图像创设的教学情境，借助动作(活动)创设的教学情境，借助语言创设的教学情境，例如，在学习文具的词汇时，有的教师设计了利用 pen， pencil， pencil-case， eraser， ruler， crayon等实物或图片进行猜谜游戏，让学生猜书包中的物品;在学习“ At the zoo”话题时，教师设计了带学生参观动物园的情景，让学生口头描述他们所熟悉的动物，如 elephant， cat， dog， monkey， bear， tiger的特征，并能说 I like monkey。这些情境的创设都有利于学生在有限的时间内达到预期的学习目标，教学活动目标明确。然而，在现在的课堂教学中，尤其在一些展示课的课堂上，有些教师过于注重情境的创设，用大量的时间和语言创设情境。如，有位教师在教授“ My clothes”的内容时，设计了开服装店，买服装的活动。教师可以课前安排学生每四人一小组，分别在家里 draw一些服装 picture带到课堂上开展活动。但是在授课时教师首先教学生用纸和彩笔在课堂上制作 shirt，T-shirt， skirt， dress， trousers， sweater， jacket， vest， jeans， pants等图片，结果 35分钟的一节课，学生用了近 30分钟的时间制作 “clothes pictures”，最后教师仅在临下课前几分钟的时候，让学生用做好的“ clothes pictures”开展 clothes shop，进行对话练习。整节课的教学时间安排非常不合理，教师用了过多的时间进行了非针对教学目标的活动，使得课堂教学的效率大大降低。又如，有的教师在教“ in， under， on”方位词时，设计了捉迷藏的活动。教师精心地把教室布置成家庭房间的场景，有床、桌子、箱子等物品，一名学生蒙着眼睛猜另一名学生藏的地点。由于学生对活动的场景非常感兴趣，注意力不能集中到运用所学语言描述同学位置的教学活动中，并且由于活动场景的有限，每次只能有两名学生参与活动，使得该活动的效率大大降低。因此，教师在创设情境时，不仅要注重教学情境的真实性、趣味性，而且要考虑到活动的可参与性和效率性。
三、课堂教学语言应简单易懂
简单明了的指令语能够使教师讲的时间相对减少，学生实践语言的机会相对增加。教师在组织小学英语课堂教学活动时应尽量使用英语，这样可以创设浓厚的英语学习氛围，也能为学生提供更多的接触和学习英语的机会。小学英语课堂活动的英语指示语应当简单和明了。然而，由于小学生所掌握的英语语言知识有限，尽量使用学生能够理解的词句，必要时可以通过肢体语言或母语帮助学生理解，“TPR”最能让学生在“做中学”。如，教 big， small， short， long， tall等单词时，教师借助肢体语言进行教学演示，“big”两手张开画个大圈， “small”用两手指做个特别小的小圈等，学生很快就理解了这些单词的汉语意思，并且，学生也在一起跟老师做肢体语言表演时，感受到学习的乐趣，在他们脑海里留下了深刻的印象，也大大提高了课堂教学的有效性。
总之，实施小学英语有效课堂教学的技巧有很多。此外，小组活动、两人活动、合作学习、个别化学习、合理有效的评价都是实施有效教学的有效方式。
《四级作文万能结尾句》百度网盘资源免费下载
链接:
考研英语小作文写作格式：第一：在了解完整的小作文模板写作方法前，需要先有以下基础知识：
判断方法：找关键词，这些关键词就是作文写作的基调。示例：
第二：根据以上基础知识，形成了3个框架【发布后，下面的信件和通知格式会乱，注意按照正确的格式写】
1. 情感信件框架：感谢信+道歉信等
Dear 称呼,
I am writing this letter to extend to you my sincere (情感) for 转述题目.
For all you/I have done, my true appreciation/apology is beyond the word's description. 核心句1. 核心句2.
To repay your kindness/To make amends, I would like to do anything I could. (或I would like to +具体措施). Once again, I sincerely hope that you can accept my heartfelt appreciation/apology.
Yours sincerely,
落款
千万不要以为以上框架只可以套用感谢信、道歉信，它还可以套用祝贺信、吊唁信、慰问信等表示情感的信件，只需轻微改动就ok了。比如祝贺信：
Dear 称呼，
I am writing this letter to extend to you my sincere congratulations for 转述题目.
For all you have achieved, my true excitement is beyond the word’s description. 核心句1. 核心句2.
To show my congratulation, I would like to do anything I could. (或I would like to +具体措施). Once again, I sincerely hope that you can accept my heartfelt congratulation.
Yours sincerely,
落款
同理，吊唁信、慰问信等也是如此简单。一个框架足以应对多种信件，总比你单独背好多种要简单得多。
2. 信息信件框架：辞职信、投诉信、建议信、邀请信、推荐信、介绍信等
Dear 称呼，
I am writing this letter to extend to you 转述题目.
To be specific, the reasons for 信件词(或the details concerning信件词) could be listed as follows. 核心句1. 核心句2.
I would appreciate it if you will take my 信件词 into consideration. Best wishes/Thanks for your time and I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
落款同样，千万不要以为这个框架只适合以上几种信件，它还可以套用申请信、求职信等其他传递某种信息的信件。比如申请信(申请信可以是介绍申请的原因，所以第2句保留the reasons…as follows)：
Dear 称呼，
I am writing this letter to extend to you my sincere hope for 转述题目.
To be specific, the reasons for my application could be listed as follows. 核心句1. 核心句2.
I would appreciate it if you will take my application into consideration. Thanks for your time and I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
落款
3. 通知
Notice
活动 is due to start at 9:00 a.m. this Saturday in the school hall (and we are now recruiting volunteers for the event).
To be specific, the details concerning (活动/the qualification of志愿者) could be listed as follows. 核心句1. 核心句2.
Those who are interested in taking part in the upcoming event are supposed to sign up with us before next weekend. For detailed information, please visit www.
落款
这个通知同时适用于活动通知和招募志愿者通知。如果是活动通知，第1句括号中的内容可以不要，如果是招募志愿者通知，则第1句括号中的内容都需要加上。
不论是哪种通知，肯定都是希望有更多的人响应、参与，所以最后一段可以保持不变。
(4)套用举例：
英语一：2010
You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.
You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "postgraduate association" instead.
通过recruit volunteers for…可知，此处是招募志愿者。套用后是这样的：
Notice
An international conference on globalization is due to start at 9:00 a.m. this Saturday in the city hall and we are now recruiting volunteers for the event.
To be specific, the details concerning the qualification of volunteers could be listed as follows. 核心句1. 核心句2.
Those who are interested in taking part in the upcoming event are supposed to sign up with us before next weekend. For detailed information, please visit www.
Postgraduate association
备注：①第一句中的时间地点根据实际情况做轻微改变即可。
②最后一句中的网址可以根据实际情况做轻微改变。
英语一：2020
The student union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. Write a notice in about 100 words.
Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)
通过an upcoming singing contest可知，此处是活动通知。套用后是这样的：
Notice
The singing contest is due to start at 9:00 a.m. this Saturday in the school hall.
To be specific, the details concerning the contest could be listed as follows. 核心句1. 核心句2.
Those who are interested in taking part in the upcoming event are supposed to sign up with us before next weekend. For detailed information, please visit www.
The student union
第三、核心句
看过以上框架会发现，每个框架中都有“核心句1”、“核心句2” 这部分内容是为了切题，也就是题目要求你针对什么表示感谢、为了什么而道歉等。
千万不要以为，这一部分只有考场上临时写，其实它也有规律的，也可以事先做好准备的。
下面，分享一下9组核心句的写作方向，并以感谢信为例进行套用演示。
9 组核心句表达方向：
(1)表示感谢：
①对方的帮助对你的意义：As a result of your generous help, I have been able to achieve so much progress.
②如果没有对方的帮助，你会怎么样：If it had not been your assistance, I would have been at a loss about what to do.
(2)表示道歉： ①承认自己的过失； ②提出解决的办法
(3)介绍人物特点：①他/她的学习、工作能力突出； ②他/她与人相处的能力突出
(4)介绍事物特点：①受到好评； ②有很大价值，优于同类
(5)辞职原因：①工作本身的原因； ②个人的原因
(6)投诉原因：①对自己造成不好影响； ②负责人消极态度
(7)针对社会问题提建议：①从政策层面提建议； ②从个体层面提建议
(8)针对个人问题提建议：①向他人寻求帮助； ②培养自己的主观能动性
(9)介绍活动：①活动的基本信息； ②活动的举办方式
以上9组核心句，共18句话，是不是比你背100多个句子要来的容易？下面，我以表示感谢的核心句为例，完整套用一遍真题，带你更好地运用这种方法：
英语二：2010
You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to 1) express your thanks for his/her warm reception; 2) welcome him/her to visit China in due course. You should write about 100 words on the Answer Sheet.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.
Do not write your address. (10 points)
模板套用：
Step 1：通过express your thanks可知，这是一封感谢信，选用情感框架中的感谢信框架。
Step 2：选用表示感谢的核心句。
Step 3：将框架与核心句组合，形成一篇完整的作文
Dear Bob,
I am writing this letter to extend to you my sincere thanks for your warm reception when I was in the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program.
For all you have done, my true appreciation is beyond the word’s description. As a result of your warm reception and generous help, I have been able to achieve so much progress in the understanding of American culture. If it had not been your assistance, I would have been at a loss about what to do.
To repay your kindness, I would like to invite you to visit China this summer and I will introduce to you the historical sites in Beijing. Once again, I sincerely hope that you can accept my heartfelt appreciation.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Wei
英语四六级作文结尾模板
英语四六级作文结尾模板，写好作文不是一朝一夕就能做到的事情，勤加练习才能写出好文章，写作的技巧可以提升我们的文辞水平，中华文化的`节日多用于缅怀，下面是英语四六级作文结尾模板，仅让大家参考。
1、only引导的倒装句
例如： Only by living up to the three requirements, can we …
唯有符合此三项要求，我们才能……
Only with combined efforts, can we ...
唯有通力合作，我们才能……
例如：Only with combined efforts, can we expect our nation to take a new face in due course.
唯有通力合作，我们才能期望祖国不久有新的面貌。
2、表示结论(同位语从句)
例如： We can, therefore, come to the conclusion (that)从句
因此，我们能下个结论，那就是……
例如：We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is as precious as freedom in the
world.
因此，我们能下个结论，那就是世上自由最珍贵。
1、 条件假设
例如：If one can really put the three points into action (practice), …
如果能实践这三点，……
例如：If one can really put the three points into action (practice), people will surely be able to
live a healthy and happy life.
如果能实践这三点，人们就能过上健康幸福的生活了。
2、条件假设
例如：If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt (that)从句
如果我们能做到如上所述，毫无疑问地，……
例如：If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can solve this problem.
如果我们能做到如上所述，毫无疑问地，我们就能解决这个问题。
同学们在实际英语写作练习中，可以根据具体情况进行相应的主题词替换。写好结尾，善始善终，才能保证一篇作文得高分。
2010年12月四级作文万能结尾句：1. 至于我，在某种水平上我赞成后面的观点，我认为…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____. 2. 总而言之，全部社会应当亲密关注……这个问题。只有这样，咱们才干在未来……。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future. 3. 然而，……跟……都有它们各自的上风（利益）。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比拟，我更偏向于（爱好）…… But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______. 4. 就我个人而言，我信任……，因此，我深信美妙的将来正等着我们。由于…… Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______. 5. 跟着社会的发展，……。因而，急切须要……。如果每个人都愿为社会奉献自已的一份力气，这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better. 6. 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为……更公道。只有这样，我们能力…… For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____. 7. 对我来说，我以为有必要……。起因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但同样主要的是…… In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______. 8. 在总体上很难说……是好仍是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的局势。然而，就我个人而言，我发明……。 It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depennds very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______. 9. 综上所述，我们能够明白地得出论断…… From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____. 10. 假如我们不采用有效的办法，就可能把持不了这种趋势，就会呈现一些意想不到的不良成果，所以，我们应该做的是…… If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.
The information revolution, the development of mass media and the achievements in science and technology have doubtlessly ushered us in a rapidly progressing society, where we may have no time to talk about our traditional culture. In the city, no one can escape from the fast pace. We eat the popularized fast food and enjoy the popularized "fast food" culture. Since we get so used to such fast things that many traditional things have been neglected, some people believe that the traditional culture will gradually be lost, but I think it will never be lost. Although entertainments are in abundance nowadays, traditional cultures still continue to dominate. We still regard going to a concert as a luxury. Many classic books touch a string from generation to generation in spite of time and space. And we are still moved by the inspirational spirits of our great ancestors.Traditional festivals remind us of our disposition to the traditional culture. Our relief in traditional culture gets ready to revive at any time. To some traditional cultures that are on decline, we have taken active measures to conserve them. Experts have e up with proper advice on protecting such cultures. Many volunteers have dedicated themselves to studying them. First and foremost,more and more people have discerned the importance of the traditional culture. Therefore, we are sure that our efforts will lead to a brilliant future. If a culture wants to gain an eternal life, it should change itself to cater to the people in its age. So does our traditional culture. Traditional cultures adhering to modern means appear rigorous. For example, we make CDs for classic music so that it can not only meet modern needs but also spread further and more successfully in the modern world. The appearance of traditional culture changes, but the essence will never change and will be well accepted. There is no need to worry about whether our traditional culture will be lost. It is an important heritage of the whole human race. No culture, no mankind. We cherish the traditional culture as we cherish our blood in our body. The traditional culture lies in life, forever continuing.。
Culture of China The Culture of China is home to one of the world's oldest and most plex civilizations. China boasts a history rich in over 5,000 years of artistic, philosophical, political, and scientific advancement. Though regional differences provide a sense of diversity, monalities in language and religion connect a culture distinguished by such significant contributions such as Confuciani *** and Taoi *** . Confuciani *** was the official philosophy throughout most of Imperial China's history and strongly influenced other countries in East Asia. Mastery of Confucian texts provided the primary criterion for entry into the imperial bureaucracy.With the rise of Western economic and military power beginning in the mid-19th century, Western systems of social and political anization gained adherents in China. Some of these would-be reformers rejected China's cultural legacy, while others sought to bine the strengths of Chinese and Western cultures.China is a unified nation consisting of many different ethnic groups. Fifty-six different ethnic groups make up the great Chinese national family. Because the Han people accounts for more than niy percent of China's population, the remaining fifty-five groups are generally referred to as "ethnic minorities." Next to the majority Han, the Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, and Uygur peoples prise the largest ethnic groups. Although China's ethnic minorities do not account for a large portion of the population, they are distributed over a vast area, residing in every corner of China.Particularly since the implementation of China's opening and reform policy, the central government has increased investment in minority areas and accelerated their opening to the outside world. This has resulted in an upsurge of economic development in these areas. Each of China's ethnic minority groups possesses a distinctive culture. The Chinese government respects minority customs, and works to preserve, study, and collate the cultural artifacts of China's ethnic minority groups. The government vigorously supports the development of minority culture and the training of minority cultural workers, and fosters the development of traditional minority medicine.The relation among China's ethnic groups can be described as "overall integration, local concentration, mutual interaction." Concentrations of ethnic minorities reside within predominantly Han areas, and the Han people also reside in minority areas, indicating that there has been extensive exchanges among China's ethnic groups since ancient times. With the development of the market economy, interaction among ethnic groups has bee even more active in the areas of government, economics, culture, daily life, and marriage. Linked by interdependence, mutual assistance, and joint development, their mon goals and interests creating a deep sense of solidarity, China's ethnic groups resemble a great national family, together building Chinese civilization.。
这些东西都可以再网上查到！关于长城的传说 In the north of China, there lies a 6,700-kilometer-long (4,161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China, it starts at the Jiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass of Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world, the Great Wall of China has bee the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture. Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction, and since that time these stories have spread around the country. Those that happened during construction are abundant, such as Meng Jiangnu's story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu's story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu's bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu's hu *** and Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure, so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately, by the time she reached the great wall, she discovered that her hu *** and had already died. Hearing the bad news, she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese moners. Another legend about the Jiayuguan Pass tells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. He calculated that it would need 99,999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick, then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three years. After the pletion of the project, one brick was left behind the Xiwong city gate. The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish them. However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the wall. A tiny move would cause the collapse of the wall. Therefore the brick was kept there and never moved. It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan Pass. In addition to the above-mentioned stories about the construction of the Great Wall, there are also plenty of stories about current scenic spots. A famous one is the legend of the Beacon Tower. This story happened during the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC-711 BC). King You had a queen named Bao Si, who was very pretty. King You liked her very much, however Bao Si never *** iled. An official gave a suggestion that setting the beacon tower on fire would frighten the King's subjects, and might make the queen *** ile. King You liked the idea. The subjects were fooled and Bao Si *** iled at the sight of the chaos. Later enemies invaded Western Zhou, King You set the beacon tower on fire to ask for help. No subjects came to help because they had been fooled once before. Thus, King Zhou was killed by the enemy and Western Zhou came to an end. Beautiful stories and legends about the Great Wall help to keep alive Chinese history and culture. In each dynasty after the building of the Great Wall, many more stories were created and spread. 历史 No one can tell precisely when the building of the Great Wall was started but it is popularly believed that it originated as a military fortification against intrusion by tribes on the borders during the earlier Zhou Dynasty. Late in the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476 BC), the ducal states extended the defence work and built "great" structures to prevent the attacks from other states. It was not until the Qin Dynasty that the separate walls, constructed by the states of Qin, Yan and Zhao kingdoms, were connected to form a defensive system on the northern border of the country by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (also called Qin Shi Huangdi by westerners or the First Emperor). After the emperor unified the country in 214 BC, he ordered the construction of the wall. It took about ten years to finish and the wall stretched from Linzhao (in the eastern part of today's Gansu Province) in the west to Liaodong (in today's Jilin Province) in the east. The wall not only served as a defence in the north but also symbolized the power of the emperor. From the Qin Dynasty onwards, Xiongnu, an ancient tribe that lived in North China, frequently harassed the northern border of the country. During the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu (Han Wu Di), sent three expeditions to fight against the 。
关于长城的传说
In the north of China, there lies a 6,700-kilometer-long (4,161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China, it starts at the Jiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass of Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world, the Great Wall of China has bee the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture.
Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction, and since that time these stories have spread around the country. Those that happened during construction are abundant, such as Meng Jiangnu's story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu's story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu's bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu's hu *** and Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure, so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately, by the time she reached the great wall, she discovered that her hu *** and had already died. Hearing the bad news, she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese moners.
Another legend about the Jiayuguan Pass tells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. He calculated that it would need 99,999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick, then all the workmen would be punished to do hard wo
Culture of China The Culture of China is home to one of the world's oldest and most plex civilizations. China boasts a history rich in over 5,000 years of artistic, philosophical, political, and scientific advancement. Though regional differences provide a sense of diversity, monalities in language and religion connect a culture distinguished by such significant contributions such as Confuciani *** and Taoi *** . Confuciani *** was the official philosophy throughout most of Imperial China's history and strongly influenced other countries in East Asia. Mastery of Confucian texts provided the primary criterion for entry into the imperial bureaucracy. With the rise of Western economic and military power beginning in the mid-19th century, Western systems of social and political anization gained adherents in China. Some of these would-be reformers rejected China's cultural legacy, while others sought to bine the strengths of Chinese and Western cultures。
Our country is an old country with about five thousand years history so it has been attracting so many foreign tourists or students to e here to explore our history. Unlike other countries, China has experienced many dynasties and its culture has spread home and abroad . In terms of character, it has developed so much that we can hardly grasp every one of them though we are Chinese, let alone foreigners. So this has made so many foreigners much interested in it . Chinese Kun-fu is also impressive in the world .。
Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world. This is true even as popular culture that has traditionally been considered Western begins to spread throughout China. Kung Fu, especially, has had a great impact on the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that, they may e to China and learn about other aspects of this culture, such as traditional operas like the Beijing and Sichuan ones. Asian nations have long known about the greatness of ancient Chinese culture. Their own cultures are a mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Korea and Japan long ago adopted ideas such as Confuciani *** is something that continues today even as it is challenged by Pop Culture. This strength es from the ideas given in the Four Books of Confuciani *** (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, and The Book of Mencius). These books built upon the ideas of an even more ancient period codified in the Five Classics. From them, the West learns such things as Fengshui and other concepts that are uniquely Chinese. China has taken steps to further this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.
中国传统文化正在吸引全世界的注意，尽管在传统意义上被看成是西方文化的流行文化开始在中国广泛传播。尤其是中国功夫，对于那些通过功夫初次了解中国的成千上万的人来讲，有着非常大的影响。由于功夫，他们可能来到中国，学习了解中国文化的其他方面，比如京剧和川剧这样的传统戏剧。亚洲国家很早以前就知道古代中国文化的博大。他们自己的文化混合了本民族的文化和中国文化的特色。韩国和日本很早就把儒教等观念引进了他们的社会当中。甚至在被流行文化冲击的今天，儒教的影响也一直在延续。这种力量来自“四书”（《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》和《孟子》）中的思想。这些书是依照“五经”之中所体现的更为早期的思想而著成的。西方人从中了解到了诸如风水等中国所特有的文化概念。中国已经通过向其他国家派遣文化使者并在美国、欧洲等地建立中国文化中心来进一步推广中国文化。
Chinese Knot or Chinese traditional decorating Knot is a kind of characteristic folk decorations of handicraft art. Appeared in ancient time, developed in Tang and Song Dynasty (960-1229A.D.)and popularized in Ming and Qing Dynasty (1368-1911A.D.) Chinese Knot has now bee a kind of elegant and colorful arts and crafts from its original practical use.
The characteristic of Chinese Knot is that every knot is made of a single rope and named by its specific form and meaning. By bining different knots or other auspicious adornments（吉祥的装饰品） skillfully, an unique auspicious ornament which represents beauty, idea and wishes is formed. For example, "Full of joy". "Happiness & Longevity", "Double Happiness". "Luck and Auspiciousness as one wishes" and "Wish you a fair wind" are Chinese traditional pleasant phrases expressing warmest regards, best wishes and finest ideal.
To fit in with the needs of modern life, Chinese Knot has various products. The o main series are auspicious hanging and knitting clothing adornment. Auspicious hanging includes large tapestry, big room hanging, automobile hanging etc. Knitting clothing adornment includes ring, eardrop, hand chain, necklace and other woman's special adornments.
Today, people are fond of Chinese Knot for its characteristic form, colorfulness and profound meaning.
语言不仅是思维和交际的工具,同时也是社会 文化 的反应,并制约人们的思维。下文是我为大家整理的关于英语语言文化论文 范文 的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!关于英语语言文化论文范文篇1 浅探习语语言在英语中文化要素 1 历史发展的文化要素 在历史发展的长河中，由于受民族迁徙、异域民族入侵、民族内部战争等因素的影响，语言被烙上了清晰的印痕。作为富含深层文化内涵的英语习语，更是深受这些因素的影响。在英国历史上，英法两个国家战争不断，其中以英法七年战争和英法百年战争最为著名，法国文化对英国文化影响很大，成为现代英语的三大来源之一。 例如习语French leav(e不辞而别)、French frie(s炸薯条)、stew in one’s own juic(e自作自受)等。其中Frenchleave 指在 18 世纪的法国流行一种参加宴会的客人不向主人告辞而自行离去的习俗。而在法语中，也有“英国式告辞(不辞而别)”之说。这也是两国人相互调侃的方式之一。历史上罗马人曾经统治英国达四百年之久，古罗马文化对英国文化的影响烙印深刻。英语中受古罗马文化影响的习语俯拾皆是，像Do in Rome as the Romans do(入乡随俗)、Rome was not built in a da(y冰冻三尺，非一日之寒)等。历史上英国和荷兰为争夺海上的霸主地位，两个国家在短短 26 年(1652 年至 1678 年)中就进行了2 次战争，双方胜负各半。 为了发泄对战争失败的不满，英国人喜欢把交战国的名称赋予某种贬义加以丑化。诸如习语I’m a Dutchman， if..(.如果我……，我就不是人)、beat the Dutc(h了不起)、Dutch uncl(e严厉训斥者)等都是英国人讽刺荷兰人粗鲁、莽撞无礼的最好例证。到近代，两次世界大战和一些地区的局部冲突，都对英语产生了影响。习语the fifth colum(n第五纵队)就产生于这一时期。1936 年 10 月，西班牙首都马德里受到德国法西斯军队和西班牙叛军的联合进攻，在进攻前的动员大会上，西班牙叛军将领Emilio Mola公开宣称，叛军和德国联军的四个纵队正在向马德里展开猛攻，并且他的第五纵队也已经在马德里城内展开活动。后来英语习语the fifthcolumn 专门用来指代被别国收买了而颠覆自己国家的叛徒或别国派入的间谍。 2 岛国地理环境中“海的文化”要素 自然环境对文化的形成也有直接的影响。“特定文化的表达方式是由特定的地理环境造就的”。(王葆华，2010)英国岛国四面环海，英语习语的形成深受这种特殊的“海的文化”影响。大多数英国人以 捕鱼 为生，因此鱼是日常生活中的主要食品。和鱼相关的习语在英语中俯拾皆是，像nEither fish nor fow(不伦不类)、The best fish swimnear the bottom(好货难求)、cool fis(h怪人)、fish in the air(缘木求鱼)、There are plenty more fish in the se(a天涯何处无芳草)等。 长期海上生活中积累的 经验 也反映在习语语言中，如know the rope(s掌握窍门)、cut and ru(n三十六计走为上)、take the wind out of someone’s sai(l先发制人)、sail under false colour(s假冒伪劣)等。其中 sail under falsecolours 指中世纪海盗猖獗期间，海盗船上常常悬挂假旗号，以便于接近其他船只而不引起对方的警惕。后来人们就用此习语指代“假装”或“冒充”的东西。此外，习语carry coals to Newcastl(e多此一举、画蛇添足)来历是指煤都纽卡斯尔的煤矿储量丰富，如果生意人想运送煤碳到这个城市的话，那肯定会血本无归。由于岛国上的可耕土地很少，所以英国人特别注重畜牧业的发展，畜牧业中也留下了很多与之相关的习语。 比如lose one’swoo(l大发雷霆)，因为羊毛能给牧羊人带来客观经济效益，如果没有了羊毛，也就断了财路，人当然平静不了。再比如Much cry and little woo(l雷声大，雨点小)，指的是羊叫起来声音很大，但产出的羊毛却很少。 3 风俗习惯的文化要素 作为一种特定的社会现象，风俗习惯是“一个群体的习惯和准则的总和，群体人员的创造和遵循是其存在的前提基础”。(Worsley， 2008)身处在特定的社会风气和传统习惯的氛围之中，人们的日常生活不但受到影响，语言也必然会体现出这些影响。例如习语let one’s hair down(身心轻松)就是英国早期习俗的体现。 古时英国的妇女不论地位高低，在任何场合都把自己的头发梳洗得整整齐齐，但是当她们回到家中独自一人时，为了身心的放松，就把头发披散下来，习语“身心放松”的含义由此产生。另一个例子是来源于中世纪的英国生活习俗，在餐桌中间往往放置的是盐器，宾主落座时，盐器上首坐的是贵宾，而下首坐的是一般客人或随从，习语above the sa(lt德高望重的地位)和below the sa(lt无足轻重的地位)由此产生。 面包、牛奶、黄油和奶酪是英国人日常食物的主要组成部分，习语中也体现出了这些食品的重要地位，如bread and butter(生计之需)、bread and chees(e日常食品)、take the bread outof someone’s mou(th抢某人的饭碗)、like a hot knife throughbutte(r易如反掌)、cry over spilt mil(k覆水难收)、half a loaf isbetter than no brea(d聊胜于无)等。 4 宗教信仰的要素影响 文化的一个不可或缺的组成部分就是宗教信仰，它渗透到人类的精神生活、社会生活和语言交际体系中。早在公元 3 世纪初，英国就设立了__教会，因此大多数英国人信仰基督__信上帝。祈求上帝保佑时，英国人会用手指在胸前划十字，口中说God bless me ;骂人时说God damn you ;不愿意某事发生时说God forbid ;人死了说depart to God。在信徒的眼中，上帝无所不能，一切万物、包括人类在上帝面前都微不足道。 习语Manproposes， God dispose(s谋事在人，成事在天)充分体现了这种思想。直接来自《圣经》中的 故事 和比喻的习语也有很多，如来自《旧约·但以理书》第五章的习语handwriting on the wal(l不祥之兆)说的是巴比伦王伯沙撒(Belshazzar)继承了父亲的王位后穷奢极欲、荒淫无度。一日，他邀大臣一千多人在宫中狂饮，许多金银器皿被拿出来待客，席间宫墙上突然有一手伸出来并写下三个神秘的词，大家看后无人能解，于是赶紧把先知但以请来来解字。但以解释说 ：你的统治地位已结束，你的国度将倾裂。果然，当夜伯沙撒就遇刺身亡。类似来自《圣经》的习语还有很多，如make bricks without straw(巧妇难为无米之炊)、at the eleventh hou(r关键时刻)、theparting of the way(s紧要关头)、in sackcloth and ashe(s悲痛忏悔)等。 5 神话寓言的要素影响 世界 文化不仅相通，而且相互影响。“ 英语的 发展史是外来词汇的变异积累过程，也是受民族的 文学作品逐渐浸润、融合、变异的进化过程。”(Herrnst Ein， 2009)民族神话、 传说 和 寓言故事 在 语言的发展变化过程中都留下了深深的烙印。希腊罗马神话和伊索寓言是影响英语习语的两大主要文化要素。 古希腊是西方文明的发源地，希腊神话的最大特点是“兼具人之外形和情感的神令自然人悟其之渺小”。(Turner，2009)古罗马神话是由古希腊神话发展变化而来，到公元前的最后 3 个世纪，罗马诗人维吉尔(Virgil)、奥维德(Ovid)把希腊神话的内容移植到罗马神话中，把希腊神话里的人物名称换成罗马使用的拉丁文名称，创作出希腊—罗马神话的结合体。 英语习语中有许多就是直接来自这种结合体。例如under theros(e严守秘密)这个习语指的是一天，爱与美之女神维纳斯(Venus)在不惑之年还背着丈夫、儿子与情人偷偷幽会，不料刚好被沉默之神哈坡克拉提斯(Harpocrates)无意中撞见。维纳斯的儿子丘比特(Cupid)知道这件事后非常气愤，但又怕此事传出去后对父亲和自己不利，苦思良久后心生一计，他摘下一朵美丽的玫瑰花送给哈坡克拉提斯，肯求他不要把这件事声张出去，沉默之神对丘比特发誓会严守秘密。还有类似的习语如the web ofPenelop(e永远完不成的任务)、sword of Damocle(s随时到来的危险)、Pandora’s Bo(x万恶之源)、apple of discor(d争斗起因)、Achilles’hee(l致命弱点)等都来自希腊罗马神话。 寓言是习语的另一个主要来源，“寓言在流传的过程中被浓缩并升华为习语”。英语习语的重要来源是《伊索寓言》，如习语dog in the mange(r损人不利己)讲的是有一只愚笨之极狗，由于它自己不能吃马槽里的干草，便向正在津津有味吃草的马嚎叫，也不让马吃草的故事。类似的习语还有sour grape(s酸葡萄)、cry wol(f虚张声势)、a wolf in sheep’s clothin(g伪装友善的敌人)、nourish a viperin one’s bosom(养奸护恶)等。 6 文学作品的文化要素 出自文学巨匠笔下精彩的故事情节、富有教益的哲理和涵义深刻的词句常常成为习语的另一个重要的素材来源。文学语言对习语的来源贡献在于以下四个方面“精彩词句、故事情节、鲜明人物和历史习语”。 (徐振忠，2010)莎士比亚的作品是公认的对英语习语贡献最多的来源之一。莎士比亚作品的习语大体可分为两类 ：一种来自剧作的故事情节 ;一种来自作品的词句。莎士比亚剧作中的人物性格鲜明，情节生动，剧中内容常常被引申成为习语。如hoist by one’s own petar(d害人反害己，搬起石头砸自己的脚)出自《哈姆雷特》[3 幕、4 场 ]，早期的炸药箱被称作petard，战争是用于炸开敌人坚固的城池。但由于当时的爆破技术还很不成熟，引爆人点燃炸药后还没等自己撤离，炸药就爆炸了，结果当然是引爆人与敌人同归于尽了。 类似的习语还有one’s pound offles(h合法但不合理的要求)、a horse of a different colou(r另外一回事 ;截然不同)等。莎士比亚作品语言简洁优美、寓意深刻，许多习语就是直接来自作品的词句。如bay atthe moo(n空嚷、徒劳)在《裘里斯 · 凯撒》第四幕第三场里的原文是 ：I had rather be a dog， and bay the moon。原文中bay 被用作及物动词，而现代英语倾向于用作不及物动词，因此加了介词at。类似的习语还有flutter the dovecotes(闹得鸡犬不宁)《[柯里奥拉纳斯》]、paint the lil(y多此一举)《[约翰王》]、the world is someone’s oyste(r随心所欲)《[温莎的娘儿们》]、thereby hangs a tal(e说来话长)《[驯悍记》]等。 英国文坛还有其他许多对世界文学有较大影响的文学巨匠，如乔叟、米尔顿、柯勒律治、拜伦、狄更斯等。他们的作品也对英语习语产生了很大的影响。如习语albatross round soneone’s nec(k提醒某人不犯错误之物)出自柯勒律治的长诗《老水手之歌》。 信天翁是一种海鸟，可以在睡觉时翅膀不煽动并浮在空中，据说随便杀死信天翁会招致厄运。柯勒律治的诗歌中讲述了一位水手由于自己的大意，射杀了一只信天翁，结果在航行途中他麻烦不断，还差点丧命。后来他才悟出个中的缘由，上岸后他把那只信天翁的尸体挂在脖子上，以表达自己示忏悔的心情。来自文学作品的习语还有all hell breaks loose(闹翻天)(米尔顿，《失乐园》)、at sixs and seven(s杂乱无章)(乔叟，《特洛莱斯和克丽西德》)、mind one’s ey(e小心谨慎()狄更斯，《巴纳比·拉奇》)等。 结语 语言学家Hudson指出 ：“语言特征和文化特征常常难分彼此”。(Hudson， 2011)习语的形成与其语言所属的民族文化更是密不可分，“文化是孕育培植习语的温床”(McMordie， 2006)，如果对习语的文化背景没有认真的研究，就难以理解它们其中的深刻含义。本文只从六个方面粗略讨论了影响习语形成的文化要素，以期希望对英语习语 爱好 者在今后的学习过程中正确理解习语的文化内涵和恰如其分地运用习语方面有所启迪和帮助。 关于英语语言文化论文范文篇2 浅析中学生英语语言文化意识的培养 摘要：语言意识的培养，在大学英语教学中较为广泛，但是在中学英语教学中较少提及。我国小学已普遍开设英语课程，中学生已具备一定的英语基础，培养学生的语言意识是有可行的。良好的语言意识有利于学生将来的 英语学习 ，学习者能更好地运用英语，减少交际中的障碍，并进行成功交际，培养学生语言意识是有必要的。本文主要从建构理论，认知的过程出发，并结合我国中学英语教学的实际，说明在中学英语教学中培养语言文化意识的重要性，以及如何培养学生的语言文化意识。 关键词：英语教学;文化知识;语言意识培养 1.引言 传统的中学英语教学，侧重于单词和语法等语言知识点的教学，它培养的是学生某一方面的技能。但是语言的学习是为了运用，交际，从这一角度来看，传统英语教学的弊端突显出来。 根据认知语言学，语言意识指语言的固有能力来处理信息，是洞察语言本质和功能的语言能力。本文中的语言意识，在中学英语教学过程中，将表现为是由文化、政治、社会和习俗等方面组成的。 语言是文化的载体，学习一种语言，不仅仅要掌握语言点知识，培养听、说、读、写、译的基本技能，更重要的是学习蕴含于语言之中的文化现象和文化背景知识，包括政治，经济，文化等多方面，从而培养英语思维。语言意识的培养正是这一要求的体现。语言是交流的工具，有一定的语言意识，了解目的语的文化背景知识， 思维方式 ，交际也就更能达到理想效果。 2.文化与语言的关系 文化通常被定义为在一定的社会或者社会一部分范围内流行的一套价值观念和信仰，是一个社会的整个生活方式，一个民族的全部活动方式。语言是人类生活的重要组成部分。(王建坤，2008)徐行言在《中西文化比较》(2004)中，对文化的理解与概括分为一下几个方面： 把文化看作是一个包含多层次、多方面内容的综合体，用它来概括人类创造和积累起来的全部物质与精神财富以及人们的生活方式。把文化理解人类精神现象或观念形态的总和;强调文化作为人的社会行为与习俗的意义;把文化视作人类的艺术活动及富有仪式性的民俗活动的概括;把文化理解为一个社会的传统行为形式或全部社会遗产。 根据裴文的表述，语言与文化的关系分为以下几种(参见王建坤，2008)：(1)语言是一种文化;(2)语言是文化的工具;(3)语言是文化传播的载体;(4)语言是文化的形式;(5)语言与文化相互作用。由此可见离开了内容，离开了语言的内涵，就谈不上语言。语言学习需要和文化学习结合起来，语言教学的同时也必须了解文化，这样才能真正地更好地运用语言。 3.从建构主义看语言中的文化教学 建构主义是认知理论的一个分支，是学习理论的一个分支，是学习理论中行为主义发展到认知主义以后的进一步发展。最早由瑞士著名心理学家皮亚杰(J. Piaget)于20世纪60年代提出。(范琳，2003)一般认为，建构主义学习理论源于皮亚杰，后经布鲁纳、维果茨基等教学 教育 心理学家不断发展和完善。 建构主义是源自 儿童 认知发展的理论，由于个体的认知发展和学习过程密切相关，因此利用建构主义可以较清楚地说明学习过程的认知规律。建构主义认为，学习不是信息简单地从外到内的单项输入，而是通过新信息与学习者原有的知识经验双向的相互作用而实现的。 我们所说的语言文化意识的培养，正是基于此，培养学生的文化意识，在教学中进行一定的文化导入。文化导入是一种通过引导的方式让学生主动建构语言与文化知识的一种 方法 ，促进学生的英语综合运用能力的提高。该方法主张教师在一定的教学环境中，对学生进行引导，激发学生的思考，促进学生主动进行新信息和原有知识的建构，从而培养学生对文化的敏感性，以及处理文化信息的灵活性，最后获得综合运用英语能力的提高。 4.培养语言文化意识是跨文化交际能力的需要 由于技术的发展，旅游的兴旺，经济和政治体系变化，移民方式的改变，人口增长等原因，人们与来自不同文化背景的人的交流日益增多;人们日益认识到文化会对交流产生微妙和深刻的影响。我们学习语言就不可避免地接触到所学语言国家的交际文化。在不同民族和国家的文化中，既有共性也存在差异，而这些差异是由于历史文化背景、地理环境、传统习惯和思维方式的不同，在语言表达上表现为差异，这些差异的存在可能妨碍文化和语际的正常交流。 英语的学习最终的目的是交流和交际，是为了更好的跨文化交流，将中国博大精深的文化传播出去，吸收外国文化的精华。在教学中渗透文化意识，了解英语国家文化，有助于提高学生的交流能力和跨文化交流能力，克服与不同文化背景中的人们相互理解过程中的障碍，促进交际的成功。 5.交际教学法的弊端 巴克斯(2004，参见孙鸣，2007)认为，业内人士大都默认为：交际法不仅是先进的方法，而是唯一正确的学习语言的方法。根据语言学家威多森(Widdowso ，H. G. 1991,参见孙鸣，2007)对交际教学法的分析与评价，交际教学法注重让学习者用语言做事，表达观念和完成各种交际行为。 它强调“做”、“自然学习”和“自然语言使用”，在学习如何得体地使用语言的过程中，学习者会不经意地学习语言，通过“做”而“知”。交际教学法所关注的是给学习者创造使用该语言的条件和情景，而不是我国现阶段英语教学的词句和语法。 从认知角度来看，外语学习的认知过程始于陈述性知识。陈述性知识是有关某物是事实的知识，是人有意识掌握的、可以陈述的、以命题方式储存在大脑中的事实、概念、或观念构成的信息。(孙鸣，2007)心理语言学研究表明，语言的使用是以认知为基础的(桂诗春，2002，参见孙鸣，2007)语言的认知设计陈述性知识，而语言的使用则涉及程序性知识。 近几年，交际教学法盛行于我国英语教学中。结合我国英语教学的实际，交际教学法的不足之处日益显现出来。交际教学法所主张的由“做”而“知”， 忽视了外语学习认知过程中陈述性知识的作用，不符合外语学习认知过程及其规律，并不适合我国英语教学环境。 而提倡在教学中进行文化渗透，培养学生语言文化意识，更符合外语学习认知的过程及规律，语言的认知过程和认知结构需要有文化的参与。
写作准备：
1、熟悉写作要求。首先建议买本带讲解的真题作文集，浏览范文。熟悉常考话题、惯常写法、用词用句组段的特点。另外，结合官方评分标准，熟悉作文的各个得分档次，为以后自评自改作文做个铺垫。
2、积累写作素材。准备个笔记本，通读细读范文来积累常用词汇及替换词、词伙、句型、语法、话题、观点、案例、甚至写作样本等素材。
除过阅读真题作文集，还注意在平时的阅读和听力训练中收集话题写作相关素材。我个人喜欢的一档电台节目是中国国际广播电台（CRI）的“圆桌会议（Round Table）”，里面有当下非常接地气的话题讨论，比如拼车、快递、青少年犯罪等。
另外，TED演讲里也有非常好的原创观点，话题涉及教育、文化、科技、社会等不同领域。看演讲不但可以开拓视野，锻炼思考能力，有兴趣的话也可以研究其演讲词的写作技巧，对写作能力的提高也大有裨益。
3、打好写作基本功。英文底子不够扎实的同学可以从历年优秀范文中选取若干篇进行翻译-回译、背诵-默写等练习，在语法书、词典、写作老师的帮助下，锻炼遣词造句的能力。
组词造句这一关过了之后，就可以研究写作技巧了。写作技巧包括如何开头、如何展开话题、如何结束作文、如何让文章更有说服力等方面。写作技巧可以参照作文书里的技巧介绍，也可以自己通过分析范文来研究总结。
4、玩中写（可选）。应试作文写作模式比较单一，常常被同学戏谑为“八股文”，练习一段时间一般会产生厌倦感。这时候可以结合自己的兴趣，选择非常喜欢的看图说话类、故事类、时尚类、抒情类好句好文进行仿写、改写、续写、扩写、缩写、口头写等练习；
也可以任意发挥进行自由写、创意写、记日记，这些看似“无用”的练习都可以提升写作兴趣和写作基础。综合使用各种练习方法，可以全面提升写作和口语表达水平。写作水平提高了，口语也无疑会有长足的进步。
写作格式：
1、审题：拿到题目后先读题，标出关键信息。这一步注意弄清题意，知道通过写作要解决什么问题。
2、明确立场：作为当代大学生，需要以国际化的视野，科学、批判性地看待问题和分析问题。因此，注意我们的观点最好符合社会发展的大趋势，同时又能辩证地分析大趋势下的部分逆流并加以诊断性分析。
3、头脑风暴收集素材、并简单分类：这一步把自己的话题观点、案例、相关词汇等列出来，备忘。基于读题信息和收集的素材，形成论点，根据题意选择适当的素材，形成一个两百多字能说清楚的论点。
4、打好框架：一般来讲，250字儿的作文可以分为四至五段。第一段先给出论点，主体段结合审题阶段的观点类素材进行分类，草拟出每段的主题句（可以是短语），即分论点。然后把细节、事实、案例等素材与主题句对应，以便进行解释、举例、或补充。最后一段可以是对论点的情境化深入，也可以是分论点的整体性解析。
5、修改：写完后，用官方评分标准来分析自己的作文，给自己评分。然后与范文对比优缺点，再修订或重写。经得起推敲的好文是一遍遍修改出来的。
扩展资料：
英语议论文的注意事项：要坚持积累和训练，要写就写得整齐。应试中短文写作部分通常叫essay writing，其实只是要求考生表达对某事的立场或观点加之简要的分析和解释而已，因此除非有明确要求，通常不需要写题目。因为在国外所谓有题目的essay要正式的多，通常为上千字到几千字，有些甚至包括文献综述及分析。
如果要求写题目，那也是为了提醒考生在写作过程中时刻保持focus不至于跑题。作文题目一般有名字短语（如My View on Learning with APPs）、问句(如Is Learning with APPs a Good thing?)等形式。
其实质上是对审题阶段所提问题discussion question的陈述或回答，而正文其实就是对问题的分析和解答。 如果正文不能回答题目中蕴含的问题，那就是“文不对题”了。
对于中考生来说，英语作文想要得高分，就要在平时多积累一些素材。下面整理了英语议论文作文模板，供大家参考。
Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)
However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)
Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of ...毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够的重视。
Obviously,.... If we want to do something... , it is essential that...显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是……
Only in this way can we... 只有这样,我们才能...
1.It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）
2.With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）
3.A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）
4.Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）
5.People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）
导语：议论文是 英语写作 中的一种体裁，下面是我收集整理的英语议论文万能写作模板，希望对你有帮助!
一.开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned 就……而言 比如说：就我而言 As far as I concerned 2 It can be said with certainty that... +从句 可以肯定地说......
3.As the proverb says， 正如 谚语 所说的， 可以用来引用名言名句
4 .It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，...
5 .Its generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...
6 .Its likely that ... 这可能是因为...
7 .Its hardly that... 这是很难的......
8 Theres no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认
9 .Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…
10 .whats far more important is that... 更重要的是…
二.衔接句型
1.A case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...
3 But the problem is not so simple. Therefore，+句子 ( 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……) 4 .But its a pity that... 但遗憾的是… it’s a pity that….遗憾的是。。。
5 In spite of the fact that...尽管事实...... In spite of 尽管
6 .Further, we hold opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，...
7 .However , the difficulty lies in..+名词或者动名词 .然而，困难在于…
8.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意...
9 As it has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的… (可以用来对前面所说的话进行补充说明)
10.In this respect, 从这个角度上
11.However, 然而…
三.结尾句型
1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…
2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信…
3.All things considered,总而言之 = In a word=In conclusion
It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......
4.Therefore, in my opinion,因此，在我看来，
5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…
6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是，....
7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来，如果……也许更好
四.举例句型
1. Here is one more example这里有不止一个的例子
2.Take … for example.就拿……为例子
五.常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…
To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for thee reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。
2. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为… 1
3. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意….这一观点的说法…
4. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展，越来越多…
5 It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…
6. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者的观点。
六 表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法
1. A is completely different from B. (A和B完全不同)
2 The difference between A and B is lies in +名词或者动名词 ( A和B不同的地方是。。。) .
七 演绎法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……，但一般，他们可以归结为三个主要的。
2. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题，但下面的可能是最有效的。 ( 可以用在保护环境等话题的作文)
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说，这些优势可以列举如下。
5. The reasons are as follows. 。。。的理由如下 (可以用来列举理由原因)
八 因果推理法常用句型
1.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
1、议论文的格式：
议论文的格式应由三个部分组成：<1> 立论部分;<2> 论证部分; <3> 结论部分。一般说来，议论文可分三个基本段落来写：
第一段引出话题;
第二段立论且加以论证;
第三段给出明确的结论。第二段是中心段落，应试者应将主要的内容放在第二段中，同时也要注意开篇及结尾段落的完整性，且应尽量做到首尾呼应，切忌前后矛盾。
2、写作攻略
初中生在写议论文时要首先考虑自己的观点是什么，明确观点后要围绕观点进行论证，最后再进行总结。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。初中议论文的写作格式一般为三段式：开头、主体和结尾。一般写作步骤如下：
第一步：确定主题，引出论点；
第二步：通过摆事实、讲道理来支持自己的观点。所用的事实、原因、理由应紧密地同结论联系在一起；
第三步：得出结论。要简明扼要、回扣全文。
1、【模板范文】
Many students think that they do not need to learn Engish, because they don't plan to go abroad.
But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view. I think that English is very important to us, so we should learn English well. First of all, in the opening times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must use English because most of them speak and write in English.
Secondly, in the world today most books are written in English. If you know much English, you can read newspapers and magazines in English. Most important of all, you can learn something more widely.
All in all, I hold the opinion that we should learn English well. And I hope that all the students can use English freely.
2、【模板范文】
Nowadays,many students like to make friends online.About this different people have different opinions.
On the one hand,some
people think it's interesting totalk with friends online.So you will never feel lonely when youare alone.If you are lucky enough to make a friend from Englishspeaking country,you can improve your English greatly.Moreover, it's pretty cool to have several foreign friends.
But every coinhas two sides.Firstly,only a few people have made really goodfriends online.Many people are cheated by the ＂friends＂.Besides,it is terrible for students to spen
d much time makingfriends and talking online.
Some people say making friends online is making trouble.Ithink there is something in what they say.
有时候，当自己也沉淀下来，窥探自己的内心，写下自己的 自我评价 ，这样才可以不断进步。但是自我评价要怎么写呢?下面是我为大家带来 毕业 论文质量的 英文自我评价 ，相信对你会有帮助的。
1. Evaluation of the quality of the paper, in the discipline or national economic construction on the value or theoretical significance
In recent years, the rapid development of animal husbandry in China, the total output value of animal husbandry has reached 35% of total agricultural output value, animal husbandry in China's agricultural production structure, the proportion is growing. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for livestock and poultry, and plays an important role in promoting animal calcium, phosphorus absorption, egg shell formation and bone development. At present for the aquaculture industry, livestock and poultry vitamin D supplementation, mainly through the dietary or drinking water to add micron-grade vitamin D3, vitamin D3 is a fat-soluble vitamins, direct absorption absorption rate is relatively low, biology Titer is not high, with the development of nanotechnology in recent years, nanomaterials gradually being recognized and accepted. Some studies have shown that the use of nanotechnology can change the water-soluble vitamin-soluble vitamins, improve the bioavailability of vitamins. At the same time, through the fat-soluble vitamin D3 nano-can also improve the compatibility between the vitamin and feed processing. So far, the study of vitamin nano-focus mainly in the compound nano-vitamins, complex nano-vitamins as a complex, additive effect is difficult to explain clearly. To date, no studies have been conducted on the production of single fat-soluble vitamins in poultry production. This experiment was designed for the above reasons. The aim of this study is to evaluate the biological potency of nanovitamin D3 with the reference of ordinary vitamin D3, and to provide theoretical basis for its industrial production and practical application of animal husbandry.
2. Point out the innovation of the paper or innovation
(1) The application of solid nano-VD3 in laying hens was studied for the first time.
(2) In this study, based on the study of the effects of laying hens on performance, egg quality and tibia development, the dietary supplementation of nano-VD3 was determined to further optimize the calcium and phosphorus metabolism, to obtain the best health level and maximum potential performance. , The expected results for the scientific feeding layer, effectively guarantee the healthy growth of laying hens provides a new idea, with high application value.
(3) By comparing the advantages of nano-VD3 compared with conventional vitamin VD3 in breeding.
(4) the preparation of vitamin nanoparticles for the use of laying hens to study whether to improve the utilization of VD3
3. My research ability
During the graduate, actively participate in academic exchange activities, strictly follow the scientific rigorous study and research attitude, seek truth from facts, earnestly study, and continuously improve the scientific research ability. According to the guidance of instructors, read a lot of literature, and gradually clear the research direction, to determine their own research topics. In the experimental research stage, in strict accordance with the experimental program for research, can be used flexibly to solve the problems encountered in the trial, and constantly improve their ability to solve problems. Through their own continuous efforts, as well as with teachers and students to explore the exchange, so that their access to literature, comprehensive analysis of the basic quality of continuous improvement, the ability to express written temper has also been temper, especially independent thinking and research ability, Great progress, published during the student-related academic papers and independent completion of the thesis.
4. The main shortcomings of the paper
(1) In this study, the effect of adding vitamin D3 and vitamin D3 on the related indexes of laying hens was studied. It is necessary to further study whether the test animals have the same additive effect on other animals.
(2) The levels of vitamin D3 and vitamin D3 were 100 IU / kg, respectively. The proportion of vitamin D3 in the layers was 900-2700 IU / kg according to the method of equal ratio. In the actual production, The level of some large, should be further designed gradient test of different concentrations to explore the vitamin D3 in the diet the most appropriate level of added.
A good paper is not written out, but modified out, which requires patience, but also hard. In the process of writing the paper, I encountered many problems, some of which are beyond the scope of their ability, whenever they can not write their own ideas or thoughts do not go, I will appear impetuous mood, but I Did not give up, but in a timely manner to adjust their mentality, with the help of students in the teacher, completed the first paper writing. The more you do not understand the things you want to learn, in the learning process you will gain a lot, one point is to learn from each other is the best way to learn, after learning you will feel a sense of accomplishment, which I completed After the production site to experience.
Throughout the graduation thesis design process, I learned to do anything to have attitude and attitude, first of all I understand that to be meticulous in learning, for any problems and deviations do not despise, through the correct path to solve, in the Do things in the process to have patience and perseverance, not a difficult encounter back down, as long as you stick to it can find ideas to solve the problem. In the work to learn to cooperate with the attitude, listen carefully to the views of others, so start things can be less effective.
The successful completion of the paper, first of all I would like to thank my teacher and teacher Tang Jianhua around the help of friends, thank them for their valuable comments and suggestions. In addition, I would like to thank all the teachers in the university to teach my knowledge is your careful teaching so that I have a good knowledge of professional courses, which is the basis for the paper to be completed.
Through four years of the door to survive, I grew a lot. At the time of my graduation, I made a summary of my four years of experience and feelings, and as a guide to my future initiatives. Mind, I seek to move forward, the mind has made great progress in consciousness. I love the country, love the people, decisively attached to the leadership of the Communist Party and the socialist system. I think the price of a person by his society for others to do the honor to measure, I participate in the cause of the Chinese Communist Party is to actively achieve their own costs. I earnestly studied all kinds of theories of the Party and actively paid them to practice to have a clearer understanding of the Party.
Learning, I think the door to the important task of students or learn cultural knowledge, so I learn in the sense, not to relax. I think that a good learning method to learn very good knowledge, so in each test, I sum up a city learning experience. But to deal with our computer-related professional disciples, the optical optical good books on the knowledge is far from enough. I often use the spare time to read the computer class books, and participated in a number of computer degree of qualification tests, successfully obtained __x certificate, __x certificate, __x certificate. I kept looking for the sublimation of character, pay attention to their own conduct, to independent thinking as their motto, when not forgetting. With the progress of learning, I not only learned the mass foundation of knowledge and a lot of professional knowledge, my mind has a qualitative Pentium, a faster grasp of a new skill knowledge, I think this is very tense for the future.Such as the Department of Health students will campaign, the yard structure of the speech contest, arts and cultural festival of the arts show, English speech contest. In the process of participating in these activities, I make friends with some good friends, learned the manners of doing things, to cultivate their own skills.
Social practice has made great progress. Four years in college, I participated in a lot of school activities and did some social practice.Do tutors, volunteers, dumping and planners, and occasionally feel tired, but increased with other students to exchange and to learn from their opportunities, to develop their own communication skills, learn the strengths of others, Clear the drawbacks of their own, let the door to survive more colorful.
毕业论文质量的英文自我评价相关 文章 ：
★ 毕业论文质量的英文自我评价
★ 对毕业论文英文自我评价
★ 对毕业设计工作的自我评价
★ 对毕业设计自我评价五篇
★ 关于毕业论文自我评语
★ 对毕业设计工作的自我评价5篇
★ 毕业论文答辩英文自我评价
★ 毕业设计表现自我评价
★ 毕业论文学生自我评价范文
★ 对毕业设计论文工作的自我评价
示例一题目：基于遗传算法的混合需求VRP问题优化研究评价内容 评价指标开题报告能独立查阅文献和从事其他调研；能正确翻译外文资料；能较好提出课题的开题报告；综合分析的正确性和设计、计算的正确性；论证的充分性业务水平有扎实的基础理论知识和专业知识；能正确设计实验方案（或正确建立数学模型、机械结构方案）；独立进行实验工作；能运用所学知识和技能去发现与解决实际问题；能正确处理实验数据；能对课题进行理论分析，得出有价值的结论；有较好的专业外语水平论文质量综述简练完整，有见解；立论正确，论述充分，结论严谨合理；实验正确，分析处理科学；文字通顺，技术用语准确，符号统一，编号齐全，书写工整规范，图表完备、整洁、正确；论文结果有应用价值；计算及测试结果准确；工作中有创新意识；对前人工作有改进或突破，或有独特见解；工作量、工作态度按期完成规定的任务，工作量饱满，难度较大；工作努力，遵守纪律；工作作风严谨务实导师评语论文介绍了送货问题和取货问题同时存在的混合需求VRP问题，并设计了相应的遗传算法，通过C编程进行实验，试验结果表明所设计的遗传算法是可行和有效的。论文选题有一定的理论价值和实际意义，结构合理，逻辑清晰，格式较规范。 示例二题目：供应链风险形成机理及防范对策研究评价内容 评价指标能独立查阅文献和从事其他调研；能正确翻译外文资料；能较好提出课题的开题报告；综合分析的正确性和设计、计算的正确性；论证的充分性业务水平有扎实的基础理论知识和专业知识；能正确设计实验方案（或正确建立数学模型、机械结构方案）；独立进行实验工作；能运用所学知识和技能去发现与解决实际问题；能正确处理实验数据；能对课题进行理论分析，得出有价值的结论；有较好的专业外语水平论文质量综述简练完整，有见解；立论正确，论述充分，结论严谨合理；实验正确，分析处理科学；文字通顺，技术用语准确，符号统一，编号齐全，书写工整规范，图表完备、整洁、正确；论文结果有应用价值；计算及测试结果准确；工作中有创新意识；对前人工作有改进或突破，或有独特见解；工作量、工作态度按期完成规定的任务，工作量饱满，难度较大；工作努力，遵守纪律；工作作风严谨务实导师评语 该生论文选题新颖，条理清楚，结构明确，重点突出。文章在对国内外有关供应链风险管理的研究现状进行评述的基础上，分析了供应链风险产生的机理并对其分类，最后针对供应链风险提出了几点预防和控制措施。在论文撰写期间，该生能够认真遵守学院的各项规章制度，按时提交论文初稿，虚心听取指导老师的意见和建议，并及时认真修改。态度端正，表现良好。
论文评语范文：1、论文选题比较适当，观点正确，但缺少独创性的思想，论证内容比较充分，但缺乏论证深度。英语表达比较通顺，但存在少量语法错误。论文格式符合规范要求。2、论文选题缺乏新意，论证不够充分，具体例证较少，老生常谈的内容偏多，引用他人观点的比例偏大。英语表达基本达意，但存在较多的语法错误。论文格式基本符合要求。3、选题不适当;观点不正确;语法错误过多;抄袭现象严重;论文格式不符合规范要求;没有按时间要求完成论文。4、论文选题有新意，有实际应用价值，论文有自己独到的观点，能够反映出学生的创造性劳动，结构安排合理，论证充分、透彻，有足够的理论和实例支撑，英语语言表达顺畅、得体，没有语法错误，论文格式符合规范要求。5、本论文选题有很强的应用价值，文献材料收集详实，综合运用了所学知识解决问题，所得书记合理，结论正确，有创新见解。另外论文格式正确，书写规范，条理清晰，语言流畅。6、该论文的文献调研全面系统，立题指导思想明确，实验设计合理可行，能够按照实验计划进行，并达到预期效果。7、论文撰写思路清晰，语言流畅简练，层次清晰，逻辑性较强，用词准确，各种数据、图表齐备、规范，文献引用正确，科学性较强。表明该学生具有一定的理论基础和科研能力。8、该论文选题正确,结构合理,内容丰富,数据资料充分,分析方法先进,写作进度安排合理,结论和建议具有区域现实意义,建议推荐为校级优秀毕业论文.9、论文选题适当，有一定的独立见解，论证充分，占有资料广泛，但理论和实例支撑不够。英语语言表达基本顺畅，仅存在个别语法错误，论文格式符合规范要求。
论文评语怎么写？论文评语范例模板大全1. 在五分钟的陈述中，该生介绍了论文的主要内容与结构，以及为此进行的研究，显示出对所研究的问题有一定的认识。视频设计很漂亮，但不太符合专业要求，若多从计算机专业的角度对实现过程进行设计则更好。2. 论文借助统计分析软件对xxxx进行了因素分析，论文内容丰富条理清晰结构完整，资料收集详实，数据准确，论证清晰有力，论据充分可靠，结论可靠。3. 该生专业素养比较好，对所提问题回答流利，正确率高，对实现过程中遇到的难题认识到位，时间把握得当，若能用比较新的运行环境进行实现相对好。4. 论文陈述清晰明白，开门见山，直接入题。对老师的提问能流利作答，思路清晰，但对论文中的部分代码解释不楚，有少量语言错误，望今后的研究中多创新。5. 结合数学知识用计算机技术来处理地质问题，对方法原理掌握透彻，论文有比较好的创新。对快速傅里叶和小波变换图的结果分析到位，处理结果良好，计算机基础素养好。答辩中主要问题回答准确深入。论文中变换的指标若有对比会更好。6. 该生在规定时间内比较流利清楚的阐述论文的主要内容，能恰当回答与论文有关的问题，态度谦虚，体现了比较扎实的计算机基础。建议把图像的打开功能用适当的文字表达出来，继续完善使论文格式规范化。7. 该论文选题合理，为xxxx提供理论支持，研究意义重大。8. 该生流利地陈述了写作该论文的目的理论与实践意义，古玩网站设计过程很规范，但实体和概念之间联系少，整个设计应该尽量符合计算机方面的要求。9. 该论文反映出了作者在本门学科方面坚实的理论基础系统的专业知识以及良好的科研能力。达到了硕士学位论文的要求，建议安排答辩。学士学位论文评语【最新篇】1. 该作品体现作者的原创性。在制作过程中，作者参考的元素很多，同时，能巧妙的灵活运用到实际的创作中，此举值得学习。色彩整体搭配较和谐。结构严谨。但是，广告语和广告标题与图片联系的力度还不够。2. 该生具有扎实的广告专业基础知识。构图结构合理。版面整洁。绘图规范。能较好的表现设计主题。符合设计的基本要求。但是，此平面广告的整体效果一般，应该加强整体效果的设计考虑。3. 该作品具有一定的视觉冲击力。给广告受众一定的视觉感染力。整体效果统一自然。注意整体结构的布局。留给大家想象的空间。但广告语还不够经典，还有些色彩的细节忽略了。4. 该副作品采用对比的手法来表现，灰色调和彩色形成鲜明的对比。代表后学生对地球未来的思考和对环保的关注。具有一定的创意元素。图片整体搭配和谐，标题发人深醒。5. 该作品体现作者具有一定的计算机绘图功底。主题突出明确。创意较好。设计理念清晰。结构基本合理。色彩的搭配较合理。优化处理图片较得当。但是广告标题值得推敲。6. 该作品创意新颖，体现作者的创作能力。布局合理，色彩搭配合理。该生在设计过程中表现积极，态度端正，及时与老师沟通，并能合理听取意见。在创作中，该作品体现一定的创新精神。但是，在整体结构的考虑上还做得不够。7. 该作品设计思路清晰，中心思想突出，主题明确。整体切合毕业设计要求。在制作过程中，作者煞费苦心，积极构思，努力找突破口，基本实现了自主化设计。作品整体布局得当，效果较好。8. 该作品体现作者所学的理论与实践的结合，创作灵感丰富。体现作者的个性和刻苦精神。绘图整体规范，效果较好。结构布局合理。总体设计效果好。但是作品原创性不足，还应改进。9. 该作品具有一定的想象力，同时具有一定的创造力。在制作过程中，作者深思熟虑，把广告学的基本知识融入在具体创作实践中，取得一定的突破。作品整体效果一般，缺乏独创。10. 该作品切合主题，条理清楚，构图协调，广告元素运用充分。在制作过程中，该同学态度认真，虚心向指导老师请教，积极发挥自己的智慧。作品整体符合设计大纲要求。但还缺乏独创性，在色彩的搭配上还做得不够。11. 该生创作灵感丰富，积极运用计算机绘图技术和自己具备的专业知识，完成了这幅作品。此作品结构布局合理，内容丰富，整体效果良好。但缺乏创意点，广告词也不够好。12. 该生广告学功底较好，在设计中虚心听取他人的意见和建议，设计积极。作品色彩鲜明，线条清晰，主题表现明确，整体效果良好，符合平面广告的基本构成要素。是一副合格的作品。13. 该同学在设计过程中，多次与指导老师交流沟通，悉心听取老师的建议，并把它融入到自己的作品创作中。整个过程均自主完成作品。作品整体效果较好，体现广告主题要求。14. 该作品能充分表现主题，构图整体和谐美观大方。作者注重色彩和线条的搭配，能把广告基础理论知识与专业实践有机结合在一起，值得表扬。但是，该平面广告整体缺少吸引要素，不能起到让人记忆深刻的效果。15. 该同学设计理念切合主题，表意鲜明，突出主题。设计中，该生积极寻求指导和帮助，大量吸取他人的意见和建议。作品整体效果美观大方，有一定的广告宣传效果。但广告部够经典，不能发人深省。