写作准备:
1、熟悉写作要求。首先建议买本带讲解的真题作文集,浏览范文。熟悉常考话题、惯常写法、用词用句组段的特点。另外,结合官方评分标准,熟悉作文的各个得分档次,为以后自评自改作文做个铺垫。
2、积累写作素材。准备个笔记本,通读细读范文来积累常用词汇及替换词、词伙、句型、语法、话题、观点、案例、甚至写作样本等素材。
除过阅读真题作文集,还注意在平时的阅读和听力训练中收集话题写作相关素材。我个人喜欢的一档电台节目是中国国际广播电台(CRI)的“圆桌会议(Round Table)”,里面有当下非常接地气的话题讨论,比如拼车、快递、青少年犯罪等。
另外,TED演讲里也有非常好的原创观点,话题涉及教育、文化、科技、社会等不同领域。看演讲不但可以开拓视野,锻炼思考能力,有兴趣的话也可以研究其演讲词的写作技巧,对写作能力的提高也大有裨益。
3、打好写作基本功。英文底子不够扎实的同学可以从历年优秀范文中选取若干篇进行翻译-回译、背诵-默写等练习,在语法书、词典、写作老师的帮助下,锻炼遣词造句的能力。
组词造句这一关过了之后,就可以研究写作技巧了。写作技巧包括如何开头、如何展开话题、如何结束作文、如何让文章更有说服力等方面。写作技巧可以参照作文书里的技巧介绍,也可以自己通过分析范文来研究总结。
4、玩中写(可选)。应试作文写作模式比较单一,常常被同学戏谑为“八股文”,练习一段时间一般会产生厌倦感。这时候可以结合自己的兴趣,选择非常喜欢的看图说话类、故事类、时尚类、抒情类好句好文进行仿写、改写、续写、扩写、缩写、口头写等练习;
也可以任意发挥进行自由写、创意写、记日记,这些看似“无用”的练习都可以提升写作兴趣和写作基础。综合使用各种练习方法,可以全面提升写作和口语表达水平。写作水平提高了,口语也无疑会有长足的进步。
写作格式:
1、审题:拿到题目后先读题,标出关键信息。这一步注意弄清题意,知道通过写作要解决什么问题。
2、明确立场:作为当代大学生,需要以国际化的视野,科学、批判性地看待问题和分析问题。因此,注意我们的观点最好符合社会发展的大趋势,同时又能辩证地分析大趋势下的部分逆流并加以诊断性分析。
3、头脑风暴收集素材、并简单分类:这一步把自己的话题观点、案例、相关词汇等列出来,备忘。基于读题信息和收集的素材,形成论点,根据题意选择适当的素材,形成一个两百多字能说清楚的论点。
4、打好框架:一般来讲,250字儿的作文可以分为四至五段。第一段先给出论点,主体段结合审题阶段的观点类素材进行分类,草拟出每段的主题句(可以是短语),即分论点。然后把细节、事实、案例等素材与主题句对应,以便进行解释、举例、或补充。最后一段可以是对论点的情境化深入,也可以是分论点的整体性解析。
5、修改:写完后,用官方评分标准来分析自己的作文,给自己评分。然后与范文对比优缺点,再修订或重写。经得起推敲的好文是一遍遍修改出来的。
扩展资料:
英语议论文的注意事项:要坚持积累和训练,要写就写得整齐。应试中短文写作部分通常叫essay writing,其实只是要求考生表达对某事的立场或观点加之简要的分析和解释而已,因此除非有明确要求,通常不需要写题目。因为在国外所谓有题目的essay要正式的多,通常为上千字到几千字,有些甚至包括文献综述及分析。
如果要求写题目,那也是为了提醒考生在写作过程中时刻保持focus不至于跑题。作文题目一般有名字短语(如My View on Learning with APPs)、问句(如Is Learning with APPs a Good thing?)等形式。
其实质上是对审题阶段所提问题discussion question的陈述或回答,而正文其实就是对问题的分析和解答。 如果正文不能回答题目中蕴含的问题,那就是“文不对题”了。
对于中考生来说,英语作文想要得高分,就要在平时多积累一些素材。下面整理了英语议论文作文模板,供大家参考。
Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)
However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)
Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of ...毫无疑问,对……问题应予以足够的重视。
Obviously,.... If we want to do something... , it is essential that...显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是……
Only in this way can we... 只有这样,我们才能...
1.It is well-known to us that……(我们都知道……)==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …( 就我所知…)
2.With the rapid development of science and technology,more and more people believe that……(随着科技的迅速发展,越来越多的人认为……)
3.A lot of people seem to think that……(很多人似乎认为……)
4.Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……(最近……问题引起了关注)
5.People may have different opinions on……(人们对……可能会持有不同见解)
导语:议论文是 英语写作 中的一种体裁,下面是我收集整理的英语议论文万能写作模板,希望对你有帮助!
一.开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned 就……而言 比如说:就我而言 As far as I concerned 2 It can be said with certainty that... +从句 可以肯定地说......
3.As the proverb says, 正如 谚语 所说的, 可以用来引用名言名句
4 .It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到,...
5 .Its generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...
6 .Its likely that ... 这可能是因为...
7 .Its hardly that... 这是很难的......
8 Theres no denying the fact that...毫无疑问,无可否认
9 .Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…
10 .whats far more important is that... 更重要的是…
二.衔接句型
1.A case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...
3 But the problem is not so simple. Therefore,+句子 ( 然而问题并非如此简单,所以……) 4 .But its a pity that... 但遗憾的是… it’s a pity that….遗憾的是。。。
5 In spite of the fact that...尽管事实...... In spite of 尽管
6 .Further, we hold opinion that... 此外,我们坚持认为,...
7 .However , the difficulty lies in..+名词或者动名词 .然而,困难在于…
8.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样,我们要注意...
9 As it has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的… (可以用来对前面所说的话进行补充说明)
10.In this respect, 从这个角度上
11.However, 然而…
三.结尾句型
1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…
2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此,我们有理由相信…
3.All things considered,总而言之 = In a word=In conclusion
It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......
4.Therefore, in my opinion,因此,在我看来,
5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论…
6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是,....
7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来,如果……也许更好
四.举例句型
1. Here is one more example这里有不止一个的例子
2.Take … for example.就拿……为例子
五.常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…
To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for thee reasons below. 坦率地说,我不能同意他们的意见,理由如下。
2. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的,因为… 1
3. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意….这一观点的说法…
4. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展,越来越多…
5 It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…
6. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言,我完全同意前者/后者的观点。
六 表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法
1. A is completely different from B. (A和B完全不同)
2 The difference between A and B is lies in +名词或者动名词 ( A和B不同的地方是。。。) .
七 演绎法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……,但一般,他们可以归结为三个主要的。
2. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题,但下面的可能是最有效的。 ( 可以用在保护环境等话题的作文)
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说,这些优势可以列举如下。
5. The reasons are as follows. 。。。的理由如下 (可以用来列举理由原因)
八 因果推理法常用句型
1.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
1、议论文的格式:
议论文的格式应由三个部分组成:<1> 立论部分;<2> 论证部分; <3> 结论部分。一般说来,议论文可分三个基本段落来写:
第一段引出话题;
第二段立论且加以论证;
第三段给出明确的结论。第二段是中心段落,应试者应将主要的内容放在第二段中,同时也要注意开篇及结尾段落的完整性,且应尽量做到首尾呼应,切忌前后矛盾。
2、写作攻略
初中生在写议论文时要首先考虑自己的观点是什么,明确观点后要围绕观点进行论证,最后再进行总结。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主,但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。初中议论文的写作格式一般为三段式:开头、主体和结尾。一般写作步骤如下:
第一步:确定主题,引出论点;
第二步:通过摆事实、讲道理来支持自己的观点。所用的事实、原因、理由应紧密地同结论联系在一起;
第三步:得出结论。要简明扼要、回扣全文。
1、【模板范文】
Many students think that they do not need to learn Engish, because they don't plan to go abroad.
But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view. I think that English is very important to us, so we should learn English well. First of all, in the opening times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must use English because most of them speak and write in English.
Secondly, in the world today most books are written in English. If you know much English, you can read newspapers and magazines in English. Most important of all, you can learn something more widely.
All in all, I hold the opinion that we should learn English well. And I hope that all the students can use English freely.
2、【模板范文】
Nowadays,many students like to make friends online.About this different people have different opinions.
On the one hand,some
people think it's interesting totalk with friends online.So you will never feel lonely when youare alone.If you are lucky enough to make a friend from Englishspeaking country,you can improve your English greatly.Moreover, it's pretty cool to have several foreign friends.
But every coinhas two sides.Firstly,only a few people have made really goodfriends online.Many people are cheated by the "friends".Besides,it is terrible for students to spen
d much time makingfriends and talking online.
Some people say making friends online is making trouble.Ithink there is something in what they say.
导语:议论文是 英语写作 中的一种体裁,下面是我收集整理的英语议论文万能写作模板,希望对你有帮助!
一.开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned 就……而言 比如说:就我而言 As far as I concerned 2 It can be said with certainty that... +从句 可以肯定地说......
3.As the proverb says, 正如 谚语 所说的, 可以用来引用名言名句
4 .It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到,...
5 .Its generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...
6 .Its likely that ... 这可能是因为...
7 .Its hardly that... 这是很难的......
8 Theres no denying the fact that...毫无疑问,无可否认
9 .Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…
10 .whats far more important is that... 更重要的是…
二.衔接句型
1.A case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...
3 But the problem is not so simple. Therefore,+句子 ( 然而问题并非如此简单,所以……) 4 .But its a pity that... 但遗憾的是… it’s a pity that….遗憾的是。。。
5 In spite of the fact that...尽管事实...... In spite of 尽管
6 .Further, we hold opinion that... 此外,我们坚持认为,...
7 .However , the difficulty lies in..+名词或者动名词 .然而,困难在于…
8.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样,我们要注意...
9 As it has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的… (可以用来对前面所说的话进行补充说明)
10.In this respect, 从这个角度上
11.However, 然而…
三.结尾句型
1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…
2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此,我们有理由相信…
3.All things considered,总而言之 = In a word=In conclusion
It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......
4.Therefore, in my opinion,因此,在我看来,
5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论…
6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是,....
7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来,如果……也许更好
四.举例句型
1. Here is one more example这里有不止一个的例子
2.Take … for example.就拿……为例子
五.常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…
To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for thee reasons below. 坦率地说,我不能同意他们的意见,理由如下。
2. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的,因为… 1
3. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意….这一观点的说法…
4. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展,越来越多…
5 It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…
6. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言,我完全同意前者/后者的观点。
六 表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法
1. A is completely different from B. (A和B完全不同)
2 The difference between A and B is lies in +名词或者动名词 ( A和B不同的地方是。。。) .
七 演绎法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……,但一般,他们可以归结为三个主要的。
2. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题,但下面的可能是最有效的。 ( 可以用在保护环境等话题的作文)
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说,这些优势可以列举如下。
5. The reasons are as follows. 。。。的理由如下 (可以用来列举理由原因)
八 因果推理法常用句型
1.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
由于英语作文考查的是学生词汇、语法、句式等各种知识的掌握情况,因此学生要写好英语作文,就必须全面掌握英语知识。下面,是我为你整理的高中英语作文议论文模板,希望对你有帮助!
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题)
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧) 正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点)
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由)
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点)
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由) 结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is
that...(赞同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势) 结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论) オ 3.观点论述类议论文模板: 导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下) 正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构)
4."How to"类议论文模板:
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下) 正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构) 4."How to"类议论文模板:
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)
Asisshownbythefigure/percentageinthetable/picture,____hasbeenonrise/decrease,significantly/dramaticallyrising/decreasingfrom____in_____to_____in_____.Fromthesharprise/declineinthechart,itgoeswithoutsayingthat_____.Thereareatleasttwogoodreasonsaccountingfor_____.Inonehand,____.Intheotherhand,_____isduetothefactthat______.Inaddition,______isresponsiblefor_____.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow______.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonlyconvincing.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iholdthepointofviewthat_______.Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.高中英语作文万用模板-书信作文模板YouraddressMonth,Date,yearReceiver'saddressDear...,Iamextremelypleasedtohearfromyou.AndIwouldliketowritealettertotellyouthat_____.……Iwillgreatlyappreciatearesponsefromyouatyourearliestconvenience/Iamlookingf0rwardtoyourrepliesatyourearliestconvenience.Bestregardsforyourhealthandsuccess.Sincerelyyours,高中英语作文万用模板-话题作文Nowadays,therearemoreandmore___in___.Itisestimatedthat___.Whyhavetherebeensomany____?Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Thefirstoneis______.Besides,_____.Thethirdoneis_____.Tosumup,themaincauseofitisdueto_____.Itishightimethatsomethingweredoneuponit.Foronething,_____.Foranotherthing,_____.Allthesemeasureswillcertainlyreducethenumberof_____.高中英语作文万用模板-对比观点作文_____isbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.Therearetwosidesofopinionsofit.Somepeoplesay____istheirfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereasonof____.Whatismore,_____。Moreover,______.Whileothersthinkthat_____isabetterchoiceinthefollowingthreereasons.Firstly,_____.Secondly(besides),______.Thirdly(finally),_____.Frommypointofview,Ithink_____.Thereasonisthat_____.Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,theformerissurelyawisechoice.
高考英语作文:高级表达方法(满分必看!)
完成句子
1.如果你能找到一些方法来经常表扬你的孩子,你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。
Find ways to praise your children often,and you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.
2.直到跟两个学生交谈之后我才发现,有强烈的动机是达到目标的最重要的因素之一。
Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
3.生长在格拉斯哥最贫困的地区,他成为一名足球明星的道路漫长而艰难。
Raised in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming a football star.
4.发现这门课程很难,她决定转向难度更低的课程。
Finding the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.
5.在高峰时刻开车很累。
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.
6.试图说服他改变主意是在浪费时间。众所周知,他是如此的固执。
It is a waste of time trying to persuade him to change his mind.As is known to us all,he is so stubborn.
7.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。
The moment/instant/minute I heard the voice或On/Upon hearing the voice,I knew Father was coming.
8.当我递给他礼物卡,告诉他可以用这张卡为家人购买任何生活必需品时,他突然大哭起来。
When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for whatever his family might need,he burst into tears.
9.听到这个消息,他立即就哭了起来。
On/Upon hearing this news,he began to cry.
10.然而,长期秘密保存密码本也是很难的。
However,it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.
11.为了了解更多的中国文化,杰克决定选择中国民族音乐作为选修课。
To learn more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
12.在这样热的天气喝一杯冷饮是一个好主意。
It is a good idea to have a cool drink on such hot day.
13.大部分人住在城市里,不需要干农活养家糊口。
The majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.
14.你不把这事做完就不准出去。
You aren’t going out until you’ve finished this.
15.你能让我和我的同学搭你的车去上学吗?
Would you mind giving me and my classmate a lift to school?
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(3)This opportunity will not only make you happy,but also satisfy your interest in Chinese operas.(用倒装句式改写)
Not only will this opportunity make you happy,but also it will satisfy your interest in Chinese operas.
写作能力提升——[同义句改写]
(3)One of his hobbies is collecting stamps.
Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies.(用动名词短语作主语改写)
(4)His teacher was very angry because he came late.(用动名词的复合结构作主语改写)
His coming late made his teacher very angry.
完成句子
16.我真的想采访他是因为他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人,而且是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。
I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to spacebut also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
17.一方面来说,汽车当然很有用,但从另一方面来说,它们也造成了大量污染。
On the one hand,of course,cars are useful.But on the other (hand),they cause a huge amount of pollution.
18.谢谢你。你给了我能追随我心的希望。
Thank you.You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart.
19.组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐,还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music,most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
20.更一般地说,互联网起的作用就好像它是我的记忆一般。(2016·江苏)
More generally,the Internet functions as if it were my memory.
完成句子
21.毫无疑问他喝多了。
It goes without saying that he has drunk too much.
22.当交流变得更有效的时候,无论在哪儿,无论想在什么时间,人们都能够相互联系。
When communication becomes more efficient,people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.
23.大火持续了一整夜,造成了巨大损失。
The fire lasted a whole night,causing great damage.
24.我过去曾是个以自我为中心的人,但是在过去的两年里,我真的变了。
I used to be a very selfcentered person,but in the past two years I have really changed.
25.很明显,学生们应该为他们的将来做好准备。
It is obvious to the students that they should get prepared for their future.
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(1)I feel honoured to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.(用it作形式主语改写)
It is my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
(2)She was surprisingly unafraid and seemed to be curious about what he was doing.
出人意料的是,她不害怕,而且对他正在做的事感到好奇。
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(3)The couple were so curious about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.(用倒装句改写)
So curious were the couple about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
You are an adult now and you need to take responsibility for your actions.
你现在是成年人了,要对自己的行为负责。
[完成句子]
26.不管有多晚我都等儿子放学回来。
I will wait for my son coming back from school however late it is/no matter how late it is.
27.尽管警察认为他最有可能是罪犯,但是因为没有确切的证据,他们也不能逮捕他。
Although/Though the police thought he was the most likely one,since they had no exact proof about it,they could not arrest him.
完成句子
28.有这么多的作业要去做以至于我们没时间休息。
So much homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.
29.一旦我们有共同的兴趣,友谊便开始了。
Once we have a common interest,a friendship can begin.
30.虽然这份工作要花大量的时间,但大多数学生都同意这次经历是值得的。
Although/Though the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it.
31.如果我当时努力学习的话,我一定会成功的。
If I had worked hard/Had I worked hard,I would have surely succeeded.
32.自从我来到这个新学校已经一个月了。
It has been a month since I came to this new school.
高考英语作文模板,轻松拿高分必备!
高考超级实用的高考英语作文模板,希望高考最后的两天时间里,能够帮助到高三的学子们在高考英语作文这一块得到提升,拿到更高的分数,也预祝各位高三的学子们取得一个不错的成绩。
段首句
1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to____.Some people suggest that____.
2.俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying____.It’s the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.
3.现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today,____, which havebrought a lot of harms in our daily life.First, ____.Second,____.What makes things worse is that____.
4.现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。
Nowadays,it is common to____.Many people like ____because____.Besides,____.
5.任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and____is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages.
6.关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,……
People’s opinions about____vary from person to person.Some people say that____.To them,____.
7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem____which is becoming more and more serious.
8.……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。
____has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
9.……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
____has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……,但是为什么呢? According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that____ while.Obviously,____,but why?
中间段落句
1.相反,有一些人赞成……,他们相信……,而且,他们认为……。
On the contrary,there are some people in favor of ____ .At the same time,they say____ .
2.但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ____ .For example,____.Worst of all,___.
3.……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。首先,……。而且……,最重要的是……
____is necessary and important to ourcountry’s development and construction.First,____.What’s more, ____.Most important of all,____.
4.有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先,我们可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt.First, we can____.
5.面临……,我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……,另一方面,……
Confronted with____,we should take a series of effective measures to____.For one thing,____For another,____.
6.早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……,另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。
It is high time that something was done about it.For example,____.In addition.____.All these measures will certainly____.
7.为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说,……的主要原因是由于……
Why____? The firstreason is that____.The second reason is____.The third is____.For allthis, the main cause of ____due to ____.
8.然而,正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样,……也有它的不利的一面,象……。
However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides,____also has its own disadvantages, such as____.
9.尽管如此,我相信……更有利。
None the less, I believe that____is more advantageous.
10.完全同意……这种观点(陈述),主要理由如下:
I fully agree with the statement that____because____.
结尾句
1.至于我,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点,我认为……
As far as I am concerned, I agree with thelatter opinion to some extent.I think that____.
2.总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样,我们才能在将来……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ____.Only in this way can ____in the future.
3.但是,……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如,……,而……。然而,把这两者相比较,我更倾向于(喜欢)……
But ____and ____have their own advantages.For example, _____, while_____.Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
4.就我个人而言,我相信……,因此,我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……
Personally, I believe that____.Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
5.随着社会的发展,……。因此,迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量,这个社会将要变得越来越好。
With the development of society, ____.So it’s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.
6.至于我(对我来说,就我而言),我认为……更合理。只有这样,我们才能……
For my part, I think itreasonable to_____.Only in this way can you _____.
7.对我来说,我认为有必要……。原因如下:第一,……;第二,……;最后……但同样重要的是……
In my opinion, I think it necessary to____.The reasons are as follows.First ____.Second ____.Last but not least,____.
8.在总体上很难说……是好还是坏,因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而,就我个人而言,我发现……。
It is difficult to say whether ____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______.However, from a personal point of view find ______.
9.综上所述,我们可以清楚地得出结论…… From what has been discussed above, we mayreasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.
10.如果我们不采取有效的方法,就可能控制不了这种趋势,就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果,所以,我们应该做的是……
If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.
书信的常见写作模板
开头部分:
1.Let me tell you something about the activity.
2.I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr.9th.I’m pleased to hear that you’re comingto China for a visit.
3.I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.
4.And I would like to write a letter to tell you that…
结尾部分:
1.Bestwishes.
2.I’m looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
3.I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
口头通知常见写作模板
开场白部分:
Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement tomake.
正文部分:
All the teachers and students are required to attend it.Please take your notebooks and make notes.Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups.Please come on time and don’t be late.
结束语部分:
Please come and join in it.Everybody is welcome to attend it.I hope you’ll have a nice time here.That’s all.Thank you.
议论文模板
1.正反观点式议论文模板:
导入部分:
第1段Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should...(导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
正文部分:
第2段Most of the students are in favor of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons.First...Second...Finally...(列出2~3个同意的理由)
第3段However, the others are strongly against it.(反方观点) Their reasons are as follows.In the firstplace...What’s more...In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由)
结论部分:
第4段Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
2.“A或者B”类议论文模板:
导入部分:
第1段Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways.Others, however, argue that B is much better.Personally, I would prefer A because I think Ahas more advantages.
正文部分:
第2段There are many reasons why I prefer A.Themain reason is that ...Another reason is that...(同意A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent...(列出1~2个B的优势)
结论部分:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B.From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论)
3.观点论述类议论文模板:
导入部分:
第1段提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision.(亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)The reasons for this may be listed as follows.(过渡句段承上启下)
正文部分:
第2段Firstof all...Secondly...Besides...(列出2~3个同意或反对的理由)
结论 第3段In conclusion, I believe that...(照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构)
4."How to"类议论文模板:
导入部分:
第1段提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文部分:
第2段 Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective.First of all...Another way to solve the problem is ...Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法)
结论部分:
第3段These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take.But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)
图画类写作模板
开头部分:
Look at this picture./The picture shows that.../From this picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture...
衔接句部分:
As well as l know, .../As is known to all,.../It is well known that.../In my opinion,.../As far as I am concerned,.../This sight reminds me of something inmy daily life.
结尾句部分:
In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../In a word.../Generally speaking.../Ashas been stated..
[1]议论文Along with the advance of the society more and more controversial issues have been brought to our attention, one of which is that....随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是____________。As to whether it is worthwhile X there is a long-running debate.关于是否值得X的问题,一直以来争论不休.Just as the saying goes: "so many people so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。Those who criticize X argue that X They believe that X But people who favor X on the other hand argue that.X1.To begin /start with2.furthermore/besides/in addition3.last but not least.批判X的人认为X。他们相信X,不过,另一方面,赞同X的人则认为X。After a thorough consideration for my part I am in favor of the latter view that X经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即X。[2]说明文Along with the advance of the society more and more controversial issues have been brought to our attention one of which is that X随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是X。Why have there been so many X maybe the reasons can be listed as follows1.To begin /start with2.furthermore/besides/in addition3.last but not least.为什么有这么多X,理由如下Obviously it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problemFor one thing For another很明显,我们现在必须采取一些措施一方面 另一方面I think all the measures above can make present situation better.Let us all start to do so by ourselves.我认为上述措施能使现状变好。让我们都从自身做起!
高中文理综合合集百度网盘下载
链接:
提取码:1234
简介:高中文理综合优质资料下载,包括:试题试卷、课件、教材、视频、各大名师网校合集。
专四作文模板及句型是如下:
万能模板:
1、Many people insist that... 很多人(坚持)认为。
这句话乍看没亮点,但将众人皆知的"think"换为"insist"有没有觉得高大上了许多?
2、With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that,随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为。
3、A lot of people seem to think that,很多人似乎认为。
"think"终于闪亮登场,但"seem to"为整个句子增添了点婉转之感,这种客观的方式貌似较受老外喜爱。
专四作文句型:
1、It is high time that we put an end to the (trend). 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。
"It is high time" 打头,为该句增色。注:that 后跟虚拟语气,后跟动词的一般过去式,表示“是某人做。。。的时候了”或者“是某人不做。的时候了”。
2、It is time to take the advice of ,and to put special emphasis on the improvement of ,该是采纳,的建议,并对,的进展给予非常重视的时候了。
去掉一个"high",画风完全不一样,不用过去式,只需用"to do"来替代。
3、There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of ... 毫无疑问,对,问题应予以足够的重视。
4、Obviously,If we want to do something, it is essential that,显然,如果我们想做某事,我们需要。
这句有些老生常谈,稍微不“常”的就是"essential"替代了"important"。
导语:议论文是 英语写作 中的一种体裁,下面是我收集整理的英语议论文万能写作模板,希望对你有帮助!
一.开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned 就……而言 比如说:就我而言 As far as I concerned 2 It can be said with certainty that... +从句 可以肯定地说......
3.As the proverb says, 正如 谚语 所说的, 可以用来引用名言名句
4 .It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到,...
5 .Its generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...
6 .Its likely that ... 这可能是因为...
7 .Its hardly that... 这是很难的......
8 Theres no denying the fact that...毫无疑问,无可否认
9 .Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…
10 .whats far more important is that... 更重要的是…
二.衔接句型
1.A case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...
3 But the problem is not so simple. Therefore,+句子 ( 然而问题并非如此简单,所以……) 4 .But its a pity that... 但遗憾的是… it’s a pity that….遗憾的是。。。
5 In spite of the fact that...尽管事实...... In spite of 尽管
6 .Further, we hold opinion that... 此外,我们坚持认为,...
7 .However , the difficulty lies in..+名词或者动名词 .然而,困难在于…
8.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样,我们要注意...
9 As it has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的… (可以用来对前面所说的话进行补充说明)
10.In this respect, 从这个角度上
11.However, 然而…
三.结尾句型
1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…
2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此,我们有理由相信…
3.All things considered,总而言之 = In a word=In conclusion
It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......
4.Therefore, in my opinion,因此,在我看来,
5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论…
6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是,....
7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来,如果……也许更好
四.举例句型
1. Here is one more example这里有不止一个的例子
2.Take … for example.就拿……为例子
五.常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…
To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for thee reasons below. 坦率地说,我不能同意他们的意见,理由如下。
2. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的,因为… 1
3. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意….这一观点的说法…
4. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展,越来越多…
5 It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…
6. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言,我完全同意前者/后者的观点。
六 表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法
1. A is completely different from B. (A和B完全不同)
2 The difference between A and B is lies in +名词或者动名词 ( A和B不同的地方是。。。) .
七 演绎法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……,但一般,他们可以归结为三个主要的。
2. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题,但下面的可能是最有效的。 ( 可以用在保护环境等话题的作文)
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说,这些优势可以列举如下。
5. The reasons are as follows. 。。。的理由如下 (可以用来列举理由原因)
八 因果推理法常用句型
1.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, weve learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书,我们已经学到了很多。
一、标题一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./Prof.C.Prager)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为0.6cm(论文其他部分行距同此)。二、提纲英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为2.5cm左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。三、摘要1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言,提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。(内容基本与中文摘要相同,但不用完全逐句对应)。2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页(1页即可),放在中文摘要页之后。3、英文字体与行间距: 统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”,1.5倍行间距。4、英文题目: 使用三号字加粗。5、英文摘要: “Absract”顶格,使用四号字,并加粗。英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。6、英文关键词: “Key Words”顶格,使用四号字并加粗。四、正文有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约1.5cm。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码;阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。五、文中引述正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节;既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 (即英语论文参考文献)的规范性。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。六、文献目录论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点:目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码;如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为2.5cm,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为0.6cm;各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为0.6cm,不必留出更多空白。各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等;各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。英语论文摘要又称文摘,是论文的重要组成部分,它是以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。摘要应具有独立性和自明性,并拥有与文献同等量的主要信息,即不需阅读全文,就可获得重要的信息。摘要通常置于文题之后,文章之首。在论文发表后,论文摘要常被文献检索系统所收集。英语论文摘要一般为200-300单词,并有与英文摘要表达观点一致的中文摘要与之对应。(内容来源:学术堂)
英语论文格式模板2017
英语论文格式模板是怎样的呢?撰写一篇优秀的毕业论文,除了细心严谨之外,还要了解论文格式。下面是我分享的英语论文格式模板,欢迎阅读!
英文论文格式均以美国土木工程师协会出版社发布的标准格式为准。
英语论文用激光打印机打印,打印稿为黑白稿,彩色打印件会影响出版效果。 版心:a4纸,上、下页边距3.5 cm,左、右页边距均为3.25 mm。论文内容宽不得超过14.5cm, 长不得超过22.5cm。
字体和字号:正文,标题,作者联络信息和图表中的文字均为times new roman 12号字。可以跟据需要使用同类字体中的粗体,斜体。
行距:单倍行距。
页码:论文正文和文后所附图例都需添加页码。页码为阿拉伯数字,位于页面下方居中。
文体:文章应语法正确,技术用词准确。标题应该以最简洁的语言概括文章内容。如果标题较长,请采用title: subtitle的形式。
数学公式:文中的数学公式不得手写,必须打印。公式如果在文中多次被引用,应该编号。公式之间,公式和正文之间都应该空一行。 单位: 文中所用的度量衡单位应为国际单位。可在括号内,单位对应表中列出其他单位。有关国际单位的使用(standard practice for use of the international system of units)可以通过电话1-向asce索取。其他相关使用参考文献,如anmc metric editorial guide, 5th ed,1992 可向美国国家公制协会 索取(american national metric council, 1735n. lynn street, suite 950, arlington, va 22209-2022)
图表:
标题说明和图例:插入的图表应该以出现顺序编号(figure 1,figure 2,table 1,table 2)。图的说明和标题,包括图的序号应该位于图的下方。表的说明和标题,包括表的序号应该位于表格上方。
位置:图可以插入到正文中,或者集中放在文章最后。如果在正文中插入图,尽量放在页面的顶部或尾部。不要选择文字环绕图形的对齐方式,可选择上下环绕方式。
底纹:插图中不要选择带阴影或底纹,否则会影响印刷效果。
照片:如果文中需要附上照片,在文中出现照片的地方贴上其黑白光面冲洗照片,标题说明位于照片下方。照片将和正文一起缩印,请不要提供彩色照片,以免影响印刷效果。
扫描图:印刷后的扫描图不如原件清晰。如果文中有扫描图,请提供灰色色标扫描图。
作者联络信息:请用横线和正文隔开。联络信息可以为一位作者或所有作者的,包括以下内容:作者全名;所属学会;学历或授予的荣誉;所在单位;通讯地址和电子邮箱;电话和传真。
参考文献:所有参考文献为单倍行距,放在文章最后,按照第一作者姓氏的字母顺序排列。如有同一作者的两篇以上文献,按出版年代先后排列。正文中引用参考文献时,作者和出版年代应该放入括号内。由于上标缩印后会变小,难于辨认,正文中不使用上标标注参考文献。所列出的参考文献应当在正文中都有所引用,如果正文中没有引用,请将文献列入文章最后的附加信息(additional information)部分,或者相关材料(related materials)部分。
论文一般由题名、作者、摘要、关键词、正文、参考文献和附录等部分组成,其中部分组成(例如附录)可有可无。论文各组成的'排序为:题名、作者、摘要、关键词、英文题名、英文摘要、英文关键词、正文、参考文献、附录和致谢。
1、毕业论文格式的写作顺序是:标题、作者班级、作者姓名、指导教师姓名、中文摘要及关键词、英文摘要及英文关键词、正文、参考文献。
2、毕业论文中附表的表头应写在表的上面,居中;论文附图的图题应写在图的下面,居中。按表、图、公式在论文中出现的先后顺序分别编号。
3、毕业论文中参考文献的书写格式严格按以下顺序:序号、作者姓名、书名(或文章名)、出版社(或期刊名)、出版或发表时间。
4、论文格式的字体:各类标题(包括参考文献标题)用粗宋体;作者姓名、指导教师姓名、摘要、关键词、图表名、参考文献内容用楷体;正文、图表、页眉、页脚中的文字用宋体;英文用TimesNewRoman字体。
5、论文格式的字号:论文题目用三号字体,居中;一级标题用四号字体;二级标题、三级标题用小四号字体;页眉、页脚用小五号字体;其它用五号字体;图、表名居中。
6、格式正文打印页码,下面居中。
7、论文打印纸张规格:A4210297毫米。
8、在文件选项下的页面设置选项中,字符数/行数选使用默认字符数;页边距设为上:3厘米;下:2.5厘米;左:2.8厘米;右:2.8厘米;装订线:0.8厘米;装订线位置:左侧;页眉:1.8厘米;页脚1.8厘米。
9、在格式选项下的段落设置选项中,缩进选0厘米,间距选0磅,行距选1.5倍,特殊格式选(无),调整右缩进选项为空,根据页面设置确定行高格线选项为空。
10、页眉用小五号字体打印XX大学XX学院20XX级XX专业学年论文字样,并左对齐。
11、使用软件:MicrosoftWord2000以上版本。
文献注释
注释不同于参考文献。参考文献是作者写作论著时所参考的文献书目,集中列于文末。而注释则是作者对正文中某一内容作进一步解释或补充说明的文字,不要列入文末的参考文献,而要作为注释放在页下,用①②标识序号。注释中提到的论著保持通常格式,如:
①与正文部分空出两行;②按照文中的索引编号分别或合并注释;③注释采用五号黑体,注释内容汉语采用小五号宋体,英语采用Times New Roman 9号。
A Contrastive Study between English and Chinese Idioms(题目:二号,黑体,加粗,居中,除了英语小词外,其他单词首字母都要大写;另外:除了题目外,论文中所有英文的字体均采用“Times New Roman”)外国语学院 2001级英语教育1030120011XX XXX 指导老师:XXX(学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名(小四号宋体字,加粗),依次排印在论文题目下,上空二行,居中)【Abstract】 This paper centers on the different expressions of ……(英文摘要:上空二行;题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体,加粗,置于粗体方括号【】内,顶格放置;随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格,不用其他任何标点符号;采用五号“Times New Roman”字体,不加粗;单倍行距。)【Key Words】 idiom; comparison; English; Chinese (英文关键词:题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体,加粗,两个单词的首字母要大写,置于粗体方括号【】内,顶格放置;随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格,不用任何其他标点符号,采用五号“Times New Roman”字体,不加粗,除了专有名词外,其他单词的首字母不大写,各单词之间用分号“;”隔开,分号之后空一格;最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号;单倍行距。)1. Introduction (顶格,除了第一个单词及专有名词外,其他单词首字母都不要大写;标题最后不用任何标点符号,上空两行) In both English and Chinese, …. So, this essay is trying to focus on the differences between Chinese and English idoms in terms of their essential meaning, customary usage and typical expression (Chang Liang, 1993:44; Li Guangling, 1999). (段落第一行缩进4个英文字符;夹注的标注法:出现在夹注中的作者必须与文后的参考文献形成一一对应关系;注意一个或多个作者间的标点符号,时间、页码等的标注法;另外,汉语参考文献的作者要以拼音形式出现,不能出现汉语姓氏;夹注出现在标点符号之前)2. The similarities between English idioms and Chinese idioms In English, …. And it can be clearly seen in the below examples: (1) I don’t know。我不知道。 (2) I am not a poet. 我不是诗人。 (正文中的例子以(1),(2)…为序号排列,直至最后一个例子;而①, ②…则为脚注或尾注的上标序号)…3. The differences between English idioms and Chinese idioms3.1 The characteristics of English idioms(正文章节序号编制:章的编号:1. ,2., 3.,…;节的编号:1.1,1.2…,2.1,2.2…;小节的编号为:1.1.1, 1.1.2…。小节以下层次,采用希腊数字加括号为序,如(i),(ii)…;之后再采用字母加括号,如(a), (b),…;每章题目左顶格,小四号字,加粗;每节(及小节以下)题目左顶格,小四号字,不加粗但要斜体;所有章节的题目都单独一行,最后不加任何标点符号) …. In conclusion, ….3.2 The characteristics of Chinese idioms …. Feng (1998) found some problems as shown in the following examples (注意此句中夹注的另一种写法): (9) We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. (10) People take no thought of the value of time until they lose it. ….3.2.1 The analysis of the differences between English and Chinese idioms …(i) …. ….(ii) …. …. 4. Conclusion ….Bibliography (References) (小四号,加粗,后面不加任何标点符号)Sanved, ed. The Oxford book of American literary anecdotes[C]. New York: OUP, 1981.
外国语学院英语论文格式规范(附样例) A Contrastive Study between English and Chinese Idioms(题目:二号,黑体,加粗,居中,除了英语小词外,其他单词首字母都要大写;另外:除了题目外,论文中所有英文的字体均采用“Times New Roman”)外国语学院 2001级英语教育1030120011XX XXX 指导老师:XXX(学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名(小四号宋体字,加粗),依次排印在论文题目下,上空二行,居中)【Abstract】 This paper centers on the different expressions of ……(英文摘要:上空二行;题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体,加粗,置于粗体方括号【】内,顶格放置;随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格,不用其他任何标点符号;采用五号“Times New Roman”字体,不加粗;单倍行距。)【Key Words】 idiom; comparison; English; Chinese (英文关键词:题目采用五号“Times New Roman”字体,加粗,两个单词的首字母要大写,置于粗体方括号【】内,顶格放置;随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格,不用任何其他标点符号,采用五号“Times New Roman”字体,不加粗,除了专有名词外,其他单词的首字母不大写,各单词之间用分号“;”隔开,分号之后空一格;最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号;单倍行距。)1. Introduction (顶格,除了第一个单词及专有名词外,其他单词首字母都不要大写;标题最后不用任何标点符号,上空两行) In both English and Chinese, …. So, this essay is trying to focus on the differences between Chinese and English idoms in terms of their essential meaning, customary usage and typical expression (Chang Liang, 1993:44; Li Guangling, 1999). (段落第一行缩进4个英文字符;夹注的标注法:出现在夹注中的作者必须与文后的参考文献形成一一对应关系;注意一个或多个作者间的标点符号,时间、页码等的标注法;另外,汉语参考文献的作者要以拼音形式出现,不能出现汉语姓氏;夹注出现在标点符号之前)2. The similarities between English idioms and Chinese idioms In English, …. And it can be clearly seen in the below examples: (1) I don’t know。我不知道。 (2) I am not a poet. 我不是诗人。 (正文中的例子以(1),(2)…为序号排列,直至最后一个例子;而①, ②…则为脚注或尾注的上标序号)…3. The differences between English idioms and Chinese idioms3.1 The characteristics of English idioms(正文章节序号编制:章的编号:1. ,2., 3.,…;节的编号:1.1,1.2…,2.1,2.2…;小节的编号为:1.1.1, 1.1.2…。小节以下层次,采用希腊数字加括号为序,如(i),(ii)…;之后再采用字母加括号,如(a), (b),…;每章题目左顶格,小四号字,加粗;每节(及小节以下)题目左顶格,小四号字,不加粗但要斜体;所有章节的题目都单独一行,最后不加任何标点符号) …. In conclusion, ….3.2 The characteristics of Chinese idioms …. Feng (1998) found some problems as shown in the following examples (注意此句中夹注的另一种写法): (9) We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. (10) People take no thought of the value of time until they lose it. ….3.2.1 The analysis of the differences between English and Chinese idioms …(i) …. ….(ii) …. …. 4. Conclusion ….Bibliography (References) (小四号,加粗,后面不加任何标点符号)Sanved, ed. The Oxford book of American literary anecdotes[C]. New York: OUP, 1981.常亮,“关于英语的偏离否定”[J] 。《外国语文》,1993,4:44。冯树健,“否定之否定新说”[J] 。《英语辅导》,1998,6:11。李光陵,“不完全否定浅析” [J] 。《大学英语》,2000,30:30。(论文最后的参考文献中所有文献的排列顺序:尾注:按照编号顺序。夹注:英文文献----网络文献----汉语文献,各个文献的先后以作者的姓氏字母或拼音为序,不用单独加序号或编号;每个参考文献的第二行起必须缩进4个英文字符;1.5倍行距;另外,与文中的夹注一一对应;不同类型的参考文献写法请参照写作指南中附件2的内容)(以下内容单独一页)汉英习语的对比研究(题目:二号,黑体,加粗,居中)【摘 要】 汉英的习语问题是个既简单有复杂………………(中文摘要:上空二行;题目采用黑体五号字,加粗,置于粗体方括号【】内,缩进2个汉字字符,方括号中的“摘要”两个字之间空一格;随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格,不用其他任何标点符号,采用楷体五号字,不加粗,单倍行距; 第二行起要顶格;字数约400字,约8-10行;)【关键词】 习语;对比;英语;汉语(中文关键词:题目采用黑体五号字,加粗,置于粗体方括号【】内,缩进2个汉字字符;随后的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格,不用其他任何标点符号,采用楷体五号字,不加粗,单倍行距;各单词之间用分号“;”隔开,分号之后不空格;最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号;单倍行距)一、 基本格式:论文只能打印在每页纸的一面上,不得打印在正反面上。论文纸的大小尺寸为A4纸打印。侧面装订。二、题名页:论文题名页上打印格式基本相近,中、英文对照,中文题目页在第一页,英文题目页在第二页。一般由顶部往下三分之一页处打印论文题目,论文题目都用大写字母,下隔八行打印论文调查者姓名、所属电大,再下隔八行视实际情况打上提交日期XX年XX月XX日以及课程名称:论文项目设计上述各项内容都应打印在论文题名页的中间部位。三、摘要及关键词页摘要及关键词页上打印格式同论文题名页,中、英文对照,中文题目页在上,英文题目页在下。一般根据提要的内容多少安排打印。中文题目摘要采用宋体一号,加粗,摘要正文部分采用宋体,小四号。关键字题目部分采用宋体三号,加粗,关键字短语部分采用宋体,小四号。英文题目摘要采用Times New Roman字体,字号为一号,加粗,摘要正文部分采用Times New Roman字体,字号为小四。四、致谢页学员可以自选致谢页,一般不要求写中文。英文大标题采用Times New Roman字体,字号为一号,加粗,正文部分采用Times New Roman字体,字号为小四。五、目录页英文大标题采用Times New Roman字体,字号为一号,加粗,小标题部分统一采用Times New Roman字体,字号为三号,加粗。注意在右方注明对应的页号,中间虚线连接。六、正文页论文的正文需隔行打印,正文采用Times New Roman字体,字号为小四。大标题为Times New Roman字体,字号为三号、加粗字。副标题为Times New Roman字体,字号为三号、加粗。七、尾注、参考文献页与附录页尾注、参考文献页与附录页(大标题采用Times New Roman字体,字号为一号,加粗)正文部分如尾注、参考文献目录与附录可不必隔行打印,字体为Times New Roman小四。