首页

> 期刊投稿知识库

首页 期刊投稿知识库 问题

英文简单论文范文

发布时间:

英文简单论文范文

近年来,世界各国在 教育 、军事、经济、政治、文学等多个领域的交流越来越频繁,极大地促进了这些领域的进步和快速发展。下面是我为大家整理的英文学术论文,供大家参考。

摘要:英美文学中的文学批评存在多种不同的理论,不同理论学派所持有的观点也不尽相同,每个学派之间都有其丰富的理论基础,从多维的角度去进行主客观的文学批评,正是因为文学批评有着其自身科学性、审美性、公信力等方面的特点,能够包容多种批评学派的存在,对文学作品进行客观、科学的批评。

关键词:英美文学;文学批评

一、文学批评理论在英美文学教学中的意义

目前我国大多数院校都开设了相应的文学教育理论课程,而在关于英美文学的教学过程中,文学批评与文学教学是相辅相成的关系,文学批评可以从其独特的视角关注和解读英美文学作品,得到与众不同的观点,从而充分了解了整部英美文学作品的历史意义和内涵。文学批评也为英美文学教学提供了一把打开其大门的钥匙,让学生有机会从不同的角度,不同的观点、不同的思想关注英美文学,更好地促进了英美文学的发展。以文学批评基本理论为依据,应用到英美文学教学中,将有助于在学习作品过程中,避免传统的、印象式的解读,使学生通过对原著的充分解读,仔细品味原著中作者想要表达的观点,以及写作的手法,培养学生踏实阅读的学风,还能够让学生充分感受到文学的魅力,增强学习兴趣,提高学习成绩。

二、英美文学中文学批评的多方位表现形式

1.英美文学中新批评理论。

上世纪三四十年代开始出现以兰色姆(J.C.Ransom,1888-1974)、威姆塞特(W.K.Wimsatt,1907-1975)等为代表,形成了英美文学中的“新批评”理论。他们认为一切从作者的原始写作动机与作者的阅读感受为出发点所进行的文学批评都是“错误的谬论”,脱离了文学批评的初衷,将文学批评的对象进行了根本的转移,即转移到了文学作品对阅读者心理影响方面上,脱离了被批评对象的本身,从而沦为了单一的印象论。英美文学中的新批评理论认为单纯依靠阅读者的感觉,会使阅读者产生相对的“阅读错觉”——即带入阅读者已有的自我认知来干扰对作品进行正确的、客观的文学批评。新批评理论强调的是以尊重和细读原著为基础,对原著进行客观、公正的、不带有固有主观意识的文学批评,形成踏实阅读的风气。在高校英美文学教学过程中运用新批评理论,也就是说教师需要花更多的时间去钻研原著,提出更有价值的问题供学生进行课上探讨,这样才能赋予学生机会去利用新批评理论认识英美文学、了解英美文学、发现英美文学的精髓所在,主动地去学习英美文学。

2.英美文学中读者反应批评理论。

在整个英美文学历史发展过程中,从来不缺少批评的新声音和新形式的产生于与发展,斯坦利.费希(StanleyFish)就对新批评理论提出了挑战,他认为单纯的从作品本身进行分析而忽略了读者的作用,是对整个阅读过程的误解。“读者反应批评”强调原著作品对于读者的影响,读者在阅读原著后所起到的作用以及能够从中得到的感受为重点。读者反应批评理论以读者为重,从读者的角度来诠释“文学批评”的过程。作品需要“留白”,这些留白的地方正是读者阅读完作品之后进行的“自我想象”,是对作品新的解读和延展,得到一种“作者——作品——读者”三者之间的交流。但是这种理论由于强调的是读者的作用,而每位读者都是不同的个体,即便对同一文学作品,也有着不同的解读方式和看法。这是“读者反应批评理论”所面对的最大的难题。

三、英美文学作品中文学批评的特点

1.文学批评与多种学科紧密相连。

在英美文学中文学批评几乎是文学研究的 同义词 ,文学批评以文学鉴赏为基础,以文学理论为指导,对作家作品进行分析、研究、认识和评价,这一整个过程不单单是一种文学行为,更是与多种学科有着密切的联系,大部分的文学批评都运用了“心理学”“社会学”“哲学”等多种学科。尤其是文学批评中的“读者反应批评理论”充分运用了读者的阅读心理和阅读感受,来对文学作品进行文学批评,得到了相关作品的反馈。

2.英美文学中的文学批评具有审美性。

不论是以新批评理论为基础,还是以读者反应批评理论为基础,大部分的文学批评都具有审美性。这里的审美性指的是它以文学作品为基础,关注做作品所传达的艺术性和美学性,批评者需要按照美的规律,从文学作品的美学方向出发对原著进行审美性分析,作出审美判断和评价,使读者能够更好的理解和认识到作品,提升读者的审美情趣和阅读能力。

3.英美文学中的文学批评具有科学性。

任何形式的文学批评都不应该脱离科学发展的实际,正确的文学批评在批评者进行美学、艺术学批评的同时也要利用理性的 逻辑思维 方式,对文学作品进行客观的批评。批评者需要具备科学的创造性,用科学的研究 方法 、研究思维、研究理论对文学作品进行客观公正的批评,并且能够以客观事实为基础,查阅大量丰富的文学资料来对原著进行周密的、系统的分析和判断,不可参杂大量的个人主观思想、狭隘偏见,以对原著进行科学的文学批评。

四、结束语

英美文学中的文学批评存在多种不同的理论,不同理论学派所持有的观点也不尽相同,每个学派之间都有其丰富的理论基础,从多维的角度去进行主客观的文学批评,正是因为文学批评有着其自身科学性、审美性、公信力等方面的特点,能够包容多种批评学派的存在,对文学作品进行客观、科学的批评。文学又有着其特殊的地方,不同于其他客观事物,不能用一般规律去对它进行解读和分析,正是因为有了文学批评的存在,才能够在不同读者角度,不同理论支持下对英美文学作品进行深层次的分析和解读,探究作者想要表达的观点,了解原著作者的真实意图, 总结 归纳英美文学发展特点,以便更好地学习。

参考文献

1、英美文学课的困境与多媒体辅助教学刘仪华南通师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)2000-10-3025

2、高校英语专业英美文学类课程教学现状调查鲁吉西安外国语学院学报2003-12-0124

摘要:随着时代的发展,我国高等教育需要培养人文素质与科学素质相结合的人才,以促进学生的全面发展.如果学生只注重科学知识而忽视其人文素质的培养,将会成为一个只拥有知识而没有智慧的人。

关键词:英美文学;英语教学

英美文学导入作为一种新的导入模式,可以拓宽大学英语的教学模式,符合《要求》中集多种教学模式的需要.另外,我国普通高校特别是理工科院校的学生大都是理科生,在高中阶段把注意力集中在数理化和生物的学习上,对英美文学知识的了解相对较少,《要求》中提出大学英语教学要提高学生的综合 文化 素养,在大学英语教学中有必要融入英美文学导入,使学生更多地了解英美文学知识和西方文化,这有助于提高学生的学习兴趣,培养其综合文化素养.目前,我国普通高校的大学英语教师在学习期间都学习过英美文学,其中一些教师在研究生阶段的研究方向就是英美文学.教师掌握丰富的英美文学知识,有能力在导入中融入该方面的知识.所以,从大学英语教学要求、学生的求知欲和教师能力几方面来看,英美文学导入融入大学英语教学具有一定的可行性.

受传统大学英语教学模式单一的影响,很多学生在学习过程中产生厌学感、疲惫感和焦虑感,影响学生学习的积极性和学习效率,而文学导入“可以减轻学习者的焦虑感,以利于语言习得”[2].英美文学导入可帮助学生摆脱传统大学英语教学模式单一的负面影响,对新时代的大学英语教学具有积极的促进作用.

1有助于提高学生的学习兴趣

著名科学家爱因斯坦曾说过:“兴趣是最好的老师”.当学生对一门学科感兴趣时,即使没有家长、教师的督促,学生也会对这一学科不断地探索和学习,从中获得学习这一学科的乐趣.目前,我国大多数学生从小学三年级开始 学习英语 ,到大学一年级基本学习了十年英语,多数学生已经对英语产生厌倦感.所以,让学生继续学习英语的最好办法就是不断提高他们对英语的兴趣.英美文学方面的知识在高中阶段接触得较少或只接触一些浅显的内容,在导入中加入英美文学内容会使学生们觉得很新颖,从而能集中注意力认真听老师讲解并提高学习兴趣.在《新视野大学英语》读写教程第一册第七单元“FacetoFacewithGuns”中有一个 句子 :Turingthosepa-gesandstudyingtheirphotographsislikeflowingonthesadcurrentthat,likeBlake’sThames,seemsto“markineveryface,marksofweakness,marksofwoe[3]”.这句话实际上引用了美国著名浪漫主义诗人威廉•布莱克的著作《伦敦》中的诗句,教师可以通过对浪漫主义时期的诗歌特点对《伦敦》进行分析,可以增强学生对诗歌的欣赏能力和对课文中句子的准确理解.《新视野大学英语》读写教程第二册第六单元中,SectionA部分的 文章 标题是“AsHisNameIs,SoIsHe!”,有的教师会根据文章标题从人名的角度进行导入,但如果从文学角度进行导入会更加激发学生们的兴趣.这个标题实际上出自《圣经》箴言第七章,原句是“Asamanthinkethinhisheart,soheis.”教师可以从《圣经》这个角度进行导入,学生基本都听说过《圣经》,但了解得不是很多,教师可以给学生们介绍《圣经》中伊甸园、诺亚方舟、出埃及记等著名的 故事 .另外,《圣经》不仅是__的经典,也是西方文学的源头,许多英美文学中的著名作品都与《圣经》有关.综合考察这些受《圣经》影响的文学作品,我们会发现,文学作品对圣经 典故 的运用非常灵活多样.就圣经典故的类型而言,就有语典、人典、事典、意象、结构模式、观念等诸多种类[4].霍桑的《红字》、梅尔维尔的《白鲸》、斯坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》和福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》等许多英美文学经典作品中的对白、典故和意象都源自《圣经》.通过从《圣经》角度进行导入,学生们可以了解《圣经》与文学作品之间千丝万缕的联系,并增加对英美文学和英语的学习兴趣.

2有助于学生了解西方文化

在阅读英美文学作品时,学生们可以从中了解更多的西方文化,在国际交流中可以避免不必要的文化冲突.《新视野大学英语》读写教程中出现了爱尔兰作家奥斯卡•王尔德、英国诗人威廉•华兹华斯、约翰•弥尔顿和美国作家大卫•梭罗,教师可以从他们的作品作为切入点进行导入,用这些作品帮助学生了解西方文化.教师也可从课文中出现的单词进行导入,《新视野大学英语》读写教程第三册第四单元中出现了colony这个单词,学生们看注释都知道它是“殖民地”的意思,教师可以从文学角度进行导入,欧洲的清教徒移民在北美先后建立十三块殖民地,美国文学深受清教主义的影响,清教主义对美国文学的影响就如儒家思想对中国文学的影响一样深远,历史学家巴斯认为,没有对美国清教思想的了解,就不可能理解美国社会[6].清教徒提倡的谦卑、诚实、勤奋、节俭以及在艰难环境下的乐观精神也对美国社会产生深远影响,清教主义奠定了美国民主并塑造了美国人民的性格,美国人的勤奋、节俭和乐观与清教主义是分不开的.同时,很多美国作家在创作中深受清教主义的影响,这些作家的作品文风简朴,语言清新、直接.所以,通过对清教主义的讲解,有助于学生从根源上了解美国人的性格,有助于对西方文化有更深层次的了解.

3有助于提高学生的人文素质

随着时代的发展,我国高等教育需要培养人文素质与科学素质相结合的人才,以促进学生的全面发展.如果学生只注重科学知识而忽视其人文素质的培养,将会成为一个只拥有知识而没有智慧的人.人文素质可以帮助学生形成正确的人生观、世界观和价值观,促进精神方面的修养.《新视野大学英语》读写教程第二册第七单元“LightenYourLoadandSaveYourLife”中出现了本•富兰克林,教师可以把富兰克林作为导入的对象.富兰克林不仅是政治家、科学家,还是著名的文学家,在他的《自传》中,富兰克林为自己规定了十三条需要培养的美德,包括节制、沉默寡言、生活秩序、决心、简朴、勤勉、诚恳、公正、适度、清洁、贞洁和谦虚等.这十三条美德对当今的大学生提高人文素质具有一定的积极作用,教师可以让学生以富兰克林为典范,在日常生活中以十三条美德要求自己.教师也可以让学生们对这些美德进行自由讨论,相互交流,并对目前社会中存在的不良现象进行评价,有助于提高学生的分析能力和社会责任感.所以,英美文学导入是新时期高等教育的重要组成部分,也是提高学生人文素质的重要手段.

我国高等院校,特别是理工科院校的非英语专业学生对英美文学知识了解得相对匮乏,同时大学英语教学的导入方法也比较单一.所以,教师在大学英语教学中利用英美文学知识进行导入,既可以解决课堂导入的单一问题,又可以增强学生的学习兴趣,增加学生对英美文学知识的了解,有助于他们了解西方文化并提高其人文素质,这符合我国高等教育培养全面人才的发展需要,满足21世纪对复合型人才的需求.

参考文献

1、英美电影文学的多媒体教学模式周震,丁文英外语电化教学2002-02-2026

2、独白与交往,何去何从?——浅论英美文学课程的教学吕洪灵;外语与外语教学2006-08-0126

英文学术论文范文相关文章:

1. 英语学术论文范文

2. 编辑视野下的英文学术论文写作论文

3. 学术论文英文题名和英文摘要的写作

4. 关于学术论文中文摘要英语翻译的思考论文

5. 研究生中英文学术论文写作课程的构建论文

有很多的同学在写英语作文的时候,也会写一些经典的议论文,我整理了相关范文,希望会对大家有所帮助!

英语作文范文带中文翻译

Many years ago, the movie about the youth became very popular, every year, we can see many hot movies about the protagonist’s passed youth. People like to recall their passed youth, which makes such movies sell good. But I find the common things about these movies, all the protagonists’ youth are about fighting, love and other negative things. I understand the directors’ intention, they want to tell people youth is not perfect and having pities. Of course movie is exaggerating, the real youth is about studying, at least, most people have worked so hard to get into their ideal colleges. What the movies describe make up some people’s youth, for which they don’t have the chance to experience. We should not be misled by these movies, for the teenagers, their job is to study, so that they can have a bright future.

【翻译】很多年以前,关于青春的电影很受欢迎,此后每年,我们都可以看到很多热门电影是关于主人公逝去的青春。人们喜欢回忆他们逝去的青春,这才是让这类电影好卖的原因。但是我发现了这些电影的共同点,那就是所有的主人公的青春都是关于大家,恋爱和其他消极的东西。我明白导演们的意图,他们想要告诉人们青春是不完美的,存在遗憾。当然电影是夸张化的,真正的青春是关于学习,至少,大部分人是如此努力的学习,为了进入理想的大学。电影所刻画的弥补了一些人的青春,对于他们没有机会去体验这些东西。我们不应该被电影误导,对于青少年来说,他们的工作是学习,这样他们才能有一个美好的未来。

高中英语作文范文80词

I like English. I think I can share my English learning method with you. First of all, develop interest on English. My way to make it is to watch movies from abroad. At first, I will watch the movie with subtitle. Then I will remove the subtitle, only English left. Gradually, show great interest in English. Secondly, recite vocabularies. Vocabulary is the necessary foundation to start learn English. This time you have to force yourself to remember words. Thirdly, understand basic grammar thoroughly. It is hard for me to understand the meaning of a sentence if I don’t know the basic grammar. Last but not least is to speak more. The basic purpose to learn a language is to communicate. So talk in English as much as you can. And don’t worry about losing face, because everyone makes mistakes. Those are my methods.

我喜欢英语。我觉得我可以和你分享一下我的英语学习方法。首先,培养对英语的兴趣。我的方法是看国外电影。一开始,我会留着字幕一起看。之后我就会不看字幕,只留英文。渐渐地,我对英语表现出极大的兴趣。其次,背诵词汇。词汇是学习英语的必要根基。这一点你只能强迫自己去背了。第三,完全理解基本语法。如果我不懂基本语法,我会很难理解一整个句子的意思。最后但并非最不重要的是要多说。学习语言的基本目的就是进行沟通。因此,尽可能多的用英语交谈。不要担心丢脸,因为每个人都会犯错误的。这些就是我的方法。

英语作文100词左右带翻译——珍惜时间

Chinese Spring Festival celebrating the end of winter and the warmth of spring. It began in the last day of the lunar year, end in the 15th day of lunar New Year, also is the Lantern Festival. During the Spring Festival, people use red lantern and Spring Festival couplets decorate a house, put on all kinds of colored clothes, often

An English proverb says that time is money. I consider it (this) wrong. Why? Because we all know that we can earn money be work but can not in any way get back time (in anyway). For this reason, we may (can) say that time is more valuable than money.

Many people do not know the value of time. It (this) is indeed a great pity. We must bear (keep) in mind that wasting time is equal to wasting your life.

【翻译】英国有句谚语说,时间就是金钱。我认为这是不对的。为什么?因为我们大家都知道我们能够用工作赚钱,但无论如何却无法把时间争取回来。基于此种理由,我们可以说时间比钱钱更宝贵。

许多人不知爱惜时光。这确实是可惜的。我们必须记住浪费时间等于浪费生命。

简单英语文章

英语现在已经发展成为一个在世界范围内使用最广泛的语言。下面是我带来的一篇简单的英语 文章 ,欢迎阅读!

一篇简单的英语文章1

为生活而奋斗Strive for Life

生活就是要奋勇前进。所以,为什么不好好地利用上帝赋予我们的能力,尽量变成一个最优秀的人呢?生活、接受、面对、奋斗,这就是真实的生活。

Knowing that life truly is short and can only be lived once is probably the best line of thinkingfor inspiration. All humans live on a large planet, filled with exciting new experiences,adventures, knowledge, and a wealth of resources to help one with gaining wisdom andknowledge. To realize this and to allow life to take place in this is to responsibly live life. Are allhumans bound for foreign lands, foreign thought, or foreign experiences? No. Should allhumans hope to experience foreign lands, foreign thought, and foreign experiences?

Without question. Having a responsible, reasonable, and mature grasp, mentally, of all that isout there to enhance one’s experience in life, is one of the greatest blessings one can bestowupon himself. For knowing that the tools one has through birth need to be used and practicedwith; sharpened and prepared for more difficult and challenging use, does one truly andactively approach living life from a strong foundation.

Why should anyone try to live life in a constant motion towards becoming greater, becomingstronger, and becoming wiser and more educated? Why not? For facing life with arms crossed,brow furrowed, and expectation as a rule is, without question, a waste. Living life is all aboutstriving forward. So why not do what one can, utilizing one’s God-given tools, to become thegreatest individual one can be? Live. Accept. Face. Strive. Truly live.

为生活而奋斗

懂得生命短暂,而且只有一次,就会对生活充满热情。人们生活在一个巨大的星球上,每天都充满着新的历程,学到新的知识,掌握到大量的资源,并以此来获得智慧与知识。认识到这一点,并且如此生活,才是有质量的生活。是不是每个人都要去外国,了解外国人的想法,体验外国的生活呢?不是。但是不是每个人都应当有去外国,了解外国人的想法,体验外国的生活的想法呢?

毫无疑问,是的。作为一个有责任心、有理智、有思想、成熟的人,去增长见识无疑是对自己最好的奖赏。因为人天赋的能力应当被使用、被锻炼、被磨砺,为日后所面临的困难和挑战做准备,这就为他积极和真实地面对生活打下坚实的基础。

为什么一个人要变得更伟大、更强壮、更聪明、更有知识呢?为什么不呢?因为如果抱着手、皱着眉地对待生活,那么所有的期望都会化为泡影。生活就是要奋勇前进。所以,为什么不好好地利用上帝赋予我们的能力,尽量变成一个最优秀的人呢?生活、接受、面对、奋斗,这就是真实的生活。

一篇简单的英语文章2

日常生活中最简单的幸福小事

They say the best things in life are free。

人们常说,生命中最美妙的事情都是无价的。

A Reddit user asked people from around the world what life's most simple pleasures were, oneof which was getting in your own bed after a long journey。

一位Reddit网(超火社交新闻网站)的用户向世界各地的人们问了这样一个问题,即,你的生活中最让你感到幸福的小事是什么?有人回答说,是在长时间的旅行后躺在自家的床榻上。

Unsurprisingly, many pleasures that came out top on the list were ones that resulted in a senseof physical relief after solving annoyances or irritations。

并不出人意料的是,在人们列出的这张幸福小事清单上,许多带来幸福感的小事都与焦虑、愤怒等情绪消除后感到的身体舒松感有关。

These included extracting a popcorn kernel lodged in the teeth, back and head scratches, andalso the satisfying first sip of a drink when thirsty。

清单上的幸福小事还包括从牙齿缝里挑出了一颗吃爆米花时卡住的玉米壳,在背心上挠痒痒或者搔搔头,还有非常干渴的时候喝下第一口饮料时沁爽的感受。

Reddit users also agreed that freshly baked bread was another simple pleasure in life that madethem happy。

Reddit网上的用户们还表示,刚出炉的面包的香气也是让他们感到开心的幸福小事之一。

A shower with good water pressure was another comfortable life pleasure that Reddit userspraised。

还有网友表示,在适合的水压之下冲淋浴也是一件令人感到惬意的幸福小事。

LIFE'S SMALLEST SIMPLEST PLEASURES

生活中最微小、最简单的幸福小事

1.Falling asleep while it's raining outside

窗外下着雨,安然入睡

2.Back or head scratches

挠挠背、搔搔头

3.A shower with good water pressure

在舒适的水压下冲澡

4.Lying in your own bed after a long journey

长途旅行后躺在自己的床上

5.Fresh baked bread

刚出炉的新鲜面包

6.The first sip of a drink when you're thirsty

干渴的时候呷下一口饮料

7.Getting goosebumps from a song

听到一首歌深受感动

8.Causing someone to laugh that you admire or look up to

让一位你崇敬或敬仰的人开怀大笑

9.Starting a task and finishing it

有始有终的完成一件事情

10.Waking up for work, only to realise it's Saturday

早起准备上班,忽然想起今天是周六

一篇简单的英语文章3

How to Answer the Interview Question, 'Tell Me About Yourself'

如何回答 面试 问题“简单介绍一下自己”

It's often the first thing hiring managers ask candidates in job interviews, and the firstopportunity to really screw things up. Unsurprisingly, most of us have a really hard timesummarizing our careers, skills, and interests in the conversational equivalent of a tweet. Buthaving a job search "elevator pitch" is a really important part of acing the interview.

招聘经理在求职面试中常常问的第一个问题就是“请简单介绍一下自己”,而且这实际上也是求职者将事情搞砸的第一次机会。不足为奇的是,实际上,大多数求职者都是很不容易才 总结 好面试中自己职业、技能和兴趣的介绍,就像一条微博似的。但是求职中的“电梯演讲”也是通过面试的重要因素。

"People screw it up all the time," says career coach Connie Thanasoulis-Cerrachio, in aninterview with Forbes. "They think they should walk you through their entire résumé."

职业顾问Connie Thanasoulis-Cerrachio在福布斯的采访中提到“人们总是把事情搞砸。求职者总是认为面试者应当浏览简历上面的所有信息。”

Thanasoulis-Cerrachio and the other career experts Susan Adams spoke with agreed that theshort, snappy pitch is important, and said that the whole spiel shouldn't take more than thetime it takes to ride an elevator -- 30 seconds or less, in other words.

Thanasoulis-Cerrachio与另一位职业专家Susan Adams很赞同的一点就是:简介明快的演讲很重要。而且整个演讲花费的时间不能超过乘坐一层电梯所需的时间——也就是30秒之内。

What else should you keep in mind?

还需要记住什么呢?

1. Focus on what they need.

1.集中注意用人单位的需求

When you're trying to sell yourself to a prospective employer, it's tempting to concentrate onwhat you think your greatest strengths are. In fact, you're probably better off if you figure outhow to tailor your description of your experience to what the employer actually needs. They'renot going to hire you just because you're impressive; they'll hire you because you solve aproblem or fulfill a desperately needed function.

当你试图将自己推荐给未来的雇主的时候,集中思考自己最大的优势是很富有吸引力的。实际上,如果你能够揣测用人单位的实际需求,并按照需求来修改工作 经验 介绍,那么你的机会可能会更大。他们不会因为你给人印象深刻而雇用你;他们雇用你是因为你能够解决问题或者能够履行急需的工作职责。

2. Edit yourself.

2.编辑自己

Be prepared to go through many iterations of your pitch before you hit on the right one. Thinkof the old Mark Twain quote, "I didn't have time to write you a short letter, so I wrote you along one instead." Brevity takes time and ruthlessness.

在你想出合适的 演讲稿 之前,你要做好不断修改稿子的准备。想一想老马克.吐温的一句 名言 “我没时间写出简洁的信,所以只好写一封长信给你。”简洁不但耗时长,而且没人情味。

3. Rehearse.

3.排练

Practice on your own in front of a mirror, or better yet, with a friend, until you can deliver yourpitch confidently and without a hitch. Ideally, it should sound organic and natural -- as if youjust happened to think it up on the spot, or as if it's always been a personal credo.

在你能够自信地、毫不费力地发表演讲之前,你需要对着镜子,最好是对着朋友练习。理想情况下,演讲应该条理清晰、比较自然——就像当场恰好刚想出来的一样或者像常用的个人信条一样。

Tell Us What You Think

告诉我们你的看法

Do you have an elevator pitch for interviews?

你为面试做过电梯演讲吗?

英语作为国际沟通交流的语言工具,其在全球化进程中扮演着重要的角色。下面是我带来的简单好读的英语 文章 ,欢迎阅读!

简单好读的英语文章1

A farmer purchases an old, run-down, abandoned farm with plans to turn it into a thriving enterprise. The fields are grown over with weeds, the farmhouse is falling apart, and the fences are collapsing all around.(短文学网 www.duanwenxue.com)

During his first day of work, the town preacher stops by to bless the man's work, saying, “May you and God work together to make this the farm of your dreams!”

A few months later, the preacher stops by again to call on the farmer. Look and xiaogushi8.com behold. it's like a completely different place—the farmhouse is completely rebuilt and in excellent condition, there are plenty of cattle and other livestock happily munching on feed in well-fenced pens, and the fields are filled with crops planted in neat rows. “Amazing!” the preacher says. “Look what God and you have accomplished together!”

“Yes, reverend,” says the farmer, “but remember what the farm was xiaogushi8.com like when God was working it alone!”

一个农民买了一块破旧、荒废的农场,他计划着把农场改造成一座欣欣向荣的园林。农场目前的状况是杂草遍布,房屋破旧不堪,四周的篱笆也东倒西歪。

在他着手改造的第一天,一个城里的传教士停下来祝福他:“愿上帝与你一起实现你的梦想!”

过了几个月,那个传教士又一次来 拜访 农民。驻足观看,这里发生了天翻地覆的变化:房屋重新被整修过,条件也优于从前,成群的牛羊正在欢快地吃着青草,地里的庄稼也成排地生长着。“太不可思议了,”传教士惊呼道,“看啊,上帝和你一起实现了你的梦想!”

“是的,教士,”那个农民说道:“可你别忘了,当初这个农场只由上帝一人管理时是个什么样子!”

简单好读的英语文章2

A couple had two little boys, ages 8 and 10, who were excessively mischievous. They were always getting into trouble and their parents knew that, if any mischief occurred in their town, their sons were probably involved.

The boys' mother heard that a clergyman in town had been successful in disciplining children, so she asked if he would speak with her boys. The clergyman agreed, but asked to see them individually. So the mother sent her 8-year-old first, in the morning, with the older boy to see the clergyman in the afternoon.

The clergyman, a huge man with a booming voice, sat the younger boy down and asked him sternly, “Where is God?”

The boy's mouth dropped open, but he made no response, sitting there xiaogushi8.com with his mouth hanging open, wide-eyed. So the clergyman repeated the question in an even sterner tone,“Where is God!!?” Again the boy made no attempt to answer. So the clergyman raised his voice even more and shook his finger in the boy's face and bellowed, “Where is god?”

The boy screamed and bolted from the room, ran directly home and dove into his closet, slamming the door behind him. When his older brother found him in the closet, he asked, “What happened?”

The younger brother, gasping for breath, replied, “We are in Big trouble this time. God is missing—and they think we did it!”

一对夫妇有两个儿子,一个8岁,一个10岁。他们都很淘气,总是惹麻烦。他们的父母知道,只要镇上发生了恶作剧,他们的儿子就很可能也参与了。

男孩的母亲听说镇上有一位牧师, 在 教育 孩子方面很在行,于是便问他是否可以跟他的儿子们谈一谈。牧师同意了,但是两个孩子要分开问。因此母亲早上先把8岁的孩子送了过去,大一点的孩子下午再过去。

牧师身材高大,声音洪亮。他让小孩子坐下来,严厉地问道:“上帝在哪里?”

男孩张大了嘴,可是没有作声,他目瞪口呆地坐在那里。于是牧师又严厉地问道:“上帝在哪里?”男孩再一次沉默。于是牧师又提高了嗓门,在男孩的面前摇着手指,怒吼道:“上帝在哪里?”

男孩尖叫着从屋里冲了出来,直接往家跑去,钻进了衣柜,并把门关上了。当他的哥哥在衣柜中找到他时,问道:“发生了什么事?”

小弟弟喘着气说:“我们闯了大祸了。上帝不见了——他们认为是我们俩干的!”

简单好读的英语文章3

A professor stood before his class of 20 senior organic biology students, about to hand out the final exam.

“I want to say that it's been a pleasure teaching you this semester. I know you've xiaogushi8.com all worked extremely hard and many of you are off to medical school after summer. So that no one gets their GPA messed up because they might have been celebrating a bit too much this week, anyone who would like to opt out of the final exam today will receive a 'B' for the course.”

There was much rejoicing amongst the class as students got up, passed by the professor xiaogushi8.com to thank him and sign out on his offer. As the last taker left the room, the professor looked out over the handful of remaining students and asked, “Any one else? This is your last chance.” One final student rose up and took the offer.

The professor closed the door and took attendance of those students remaining. “I'm glad to see you believe in yourself.” he said. “You all have 'A' s.”

一位有机生物学教授站在20名高年级的学生面前,正准备发期末考试的试卷。

“我要说的是,这个学期能够教你们我感到非常荣幸。我明白你们都很努力,你们中的许多人在暑假之后就要去医学院深造了。为了避免同学们因为参与本周末过多的庆祝活动而影响了学习成绩,所以有谁愿意放弃这次考试,就可以得‘B’。”

许多学生异常惊喜,一个接一个地站了起来,从教授身边走过,对他表示感谢,并在纸上签了名。等到最后一个选择放弃的学生走出教室后,教授看着剩下的同学问:“还有吗?这是你们的最后机会了。”终于,还是有一名同学站了起来,接受了建议。

教授关上门,清点了一下剩余的同学,说道:“我非常高兴看到你们能够相信自己,你们都得‘A’。”

1、Today was Sunday and I was very happy!In the morning,I stayed at home to do my homework and watch TV.In the afternoon,I went to a park with my best friends.There were many flowers,and some birds were singing songs.We played games and talked about our dreams.At last,we went home for dinner.Today,I had a great time!

翻译:这天是星期天,我十分高兴!早上,我呆在家里做作业看电视。下午,我和我最好的朋友去了公园。那里有许多花儿,一些鸟还在唱歌呢、我们一齐玩游戏,谈论我们的梦想。最后,我们就回家吃晚饭了。这天玩的真的很开心!

2、Most kids like animals.Girls like cats,and boys like dogs.However,my favorite animal is the horse.The horses are strong,not like the tame cats or puppy dogs.They look wild and hard to get close.Yet,they will be very timid and friendly after they get to know you.Horses remember the way home.

They are also faithful to their masters.They even understand what you are trying to tell them.I’ve heard many stories about how a horse saved his master’s life.That's also the reason why I love horses.They never betray you.

翻译:大多数孩子喜欢动物。男孩和女孩喜欢猫,喜欢狗。然而,我最喜欢的动物是马。马是强大的,不像温顺的猫或狗狗。他们看起来野生和难以接近。然而,他们将会十分胆小,友好的了解你之后。马还记得回家的路。他们也对他们的主人忠心耿耿。他们甚至明白你想告诉他们什么。我听说许多故事关于一匹马救了主人的命。这也是为什么我喜欢马。他们永远不会背叛你。

3、Look,I have a nice room.Come and have a look.Its small and nice.There is a big bed,a small desk,a shelf and a closet.The bed is near the desk.There is a shelf near the closet too.

Many good books are in the shelf.I like the books very much.Oh,yes,There is a big board on the wall.I often write and draw pictures on the board.Oh,My bedroom is too beautiful.I like it very much.Do you like my bedroom?Can you tell me about your beroom,please?

翻译:看,我有一个舒适的房间,过来看一看,它小而漂亮,那有一张大床,一张小桌,一个书架和衣柜,床在桌子旁边,书架也在衣柜旁边,很多好的书都在书架上,我十分喜欢书,哦,是的,那有一个大的黑板在墙上,我经常写和画一些图片在黑板上。哦,我的卧室是太漂亮了,我十分喜欢它,你喜欢我的卧室吗,请你有告诉我你的卧室吗?

4、My best friend is.He’s a very funny person.For example,he keeps his watch one hour ahead of the real time.He says it’s because he doesn’t want to be late.is also very honest and intelligent.He doesn’t need to cheat to get ahead.

In school he always gets the highest scores,but he never seems to study.He says he studies only when nobody is looking.Everybody likes my friend very much.

翻译:我最好的朋友我最好的朋友是。他是一个很风趣的人。比如,他把表拨快1小时,他说那是因为他不想迟到。很诚实并且聪明。他不用作弊就能够名列前茅。在学校他总是得最高分,但是他好像从来不学习。他说他只有在四周无人时才学习。每个人都十分喜欢我的朋友。

5、My classmate who called Limei.She is a beautiful girl,she has long long hair and big eyes.She always smiles.She has a little brother.We often play together.I like her very much.

翻译:我的同学叫丽美。她是一个美丽的女孩,她有长长的头发和大大的眼睛。她总是微笑。她有一个小弟弟。我们经常在一齐玩。我十分喜欢她。

I started training my dog everyday when Icame home from school. It began to calm down more everyday! I taught the dog how to sit,run,walk and be quiet when I tell it to.A week later ,the dog did not make any probles.My parents were very happy and so was I. 我每天放学回家以后,就开始训练小狗。我叫他怎样坐,怎样跑,怎样走路,并旦训练它能听懂我的命令,而小狗也变得越来越温顺了,越来越听话了。一周以后,小狗再也不闯祸了,不调皮了。爸爸妈妈看了都非常高兴,而我则更高兴。

英文文章阅读简单

英语阅读文章简单

想要提高自己的英语阅读水平,就要在课外多联系阅读一下英语文章,下面是我给大家提供的简单的英语阅读文章,希望大家喜欢!

第一篇:A Beautiful Doll漂亮的洋娃娃

Tina is a lovely girl. She has a lot of dolls. One of these dolls is very beautiful. She has long blond hair and wears a white dress. The little girl likes her very much. She called her “Sandy”. You would forget all the sad things and become happy when you see her. Tina tried to teach Sandy to speak, but she failed. When she is free, Tina always made clothed for her. When she is unhappy or met with some difficulties, Tina talked to her, because they are close friends. What a lovely girl she is! Do you like it, too?

缇娜是一个可爱的女孩, 她有许多洋娃娃。其中有个是很没得:她有着金色的长发,穿着一件白色的连衣裙。小女孩非常喜欢它,因此, 小女孩叫她“桑迪”。当你看到它的时候就会高兴,会忘记所有不开心的事。 缇娜试着教桑迪说话,可她失败了。 当缇娜空闲时,她时常会桑迪缝衣服。当她遇到不快乐的事或碰倒困难的时候,缇娜中哦你对它倾述,因为他们是亲密的朋友。多么可爱的一个女孩啊! 你也喜欢它吗?

第二篇: My “Cock” Clock我的“公鸡”闹钟

Hello! My name is Dongdong. Do you know I have a nice clock? It is a beautiful clock. It is in my bedroom. In m\fact it is an alarm clock. The big and round body is made of plastics and the clock is set in it. There is a red comb on its head. When you want to adjust time, you just need to press the comb. Then “clock” will wake up on time. At that time the “clock” will say: “WO! WO! WO!” It’s time for you to get up! And its eyes can also give out light at the same time. It is a very beautiful and useful clock, so I like it very much.

你好!我的名字叫东东。我知道我有一台好看的闹钟。它是一台漂亮的钟。钟的上部有红色的.冠子。当你想要调整时间时,按下头上的红冠子就可以调节时间。那时“钟”将按时醒来。到时候“公鸡”就会“喔、喔、喔”地叫,该起床了。而且叫是眼睛还会发光。 它是一只好看又有用的钟,我很喜欢它。

第三篇:七只老鼠的南瓜车

Early autumn in the pumpkin garden, there came seven wide mice escaping from a big and terrifying cat. They rushed into green vines and leaves aplenty with big and round pumpkins.

南瓜园的初秋,跑进了七只野老鼠,他们正在逃避一只可怕的大猫。他们冲进了层层叠叠的绿色南瓜藤和南瓜叶,上面正结满了又大又圆的南瓜。

The prideful cat hunted around like a chicken with its head cut off in vain and finally left in dismay.

高傲的猫就像无头苍蝇一样四处寻找但一无所获,最后只好灰溜溜地走了。

“Hooray, we are safe now!”

“万岁,我们现在安全了!”

When they came out, they were deeply attracted. The giant pumpkin leaves were as huge as the lotus leaves while the pumpkins were orange through a summer’s sunlight.

当他们出来时,被眼前的情景给深深地吸引了。大南瓜叶像荷叶一般大,而南瓜经过一个夏天的日照已呈金黄色。

The smallest mouse’s nose jutted out and got very close to a pumpkin. He smelled with a smile:

最小的一只老鼠伸出了鼻子,非常近地靠近一只南瓜,他闻了一下便笑了:

“Great, it’s sweat! It must be the biggest pumpkin I’ve ever seen. I am hungry now. I guess it must be better in my belly!”

“太棒了,好甜呀!这肯定是我见过的最大的南瓜了!我饿了,我猜它呆在我肚子里会比较好!”

Other six mice were hungry to

“Running costs energy!”

另外六只老鼠也饿了:

“逃跑消耗能量!”

They rushed to the pumpkin and bit holes with their shape teeth. They ate, ate and ate not only the delicious meat but also the seed. Finally they stopped eating and felt good for their full and round bellies.

他们冲到那只南瓜前,用锋利的牙齿咬开洞洞。他们吃啊,吃啊,吃啊,不仅品尝了美味的南瓜肉还有可口的南瓜籽。最后,他们的肚子变得滚圆滚圆才心满意足地作罢!

Then they burped and climbed out of the pumpkin. When they saw their great work, they all laughed:

他们打着饱嗝从南瓜里爬出来,当看见自己伟大的作品时全都笑了:

“Aha, look, the pumpkin has holes here and there!”

“啊哈,看呀,这南瓜已经千疮百孔了!”

The smallest mouse suddenly had a good idea and shouted:

“Why not roll it as a pumpkin cart. It must be very interesting!”

最小的老鼠突然有了一个好主意便叫道:

“为什么不把它滚起来就像南瓜车一样,这肯定非常有趣!”

Other six mice all agreed:

“Just do it!”

另外的六只老鼠附和道:

“想做就做!”

Then they all entered the pumpkin shell and pushed it ahead forcefully:

“Goodness me!The moon is really in the water!”

英语现在已经发展成为一个在世界范围内使用最广泛的语言。下面是我带来的一篇简单的英语 文章 ,欢迎阅读!

一篇简单的英语文章1

为生活而奋斗Strive for Life

生活就是要奋勇前进。所以,为什么不好好地利用上帝赋予我们的能力,尽量变成一个最优秀的人呢?生活、接受、面对、奋斗,这就是真实的生活。

Knowing that life truly is short and can only be lived once is probably the best line of thinkingfor inspiration. All humans live on a large planet, filled with exciting new experiences,adventures, knowledge, and a wealth of resources to help one with gaining wisdom andknowledge. To realize this and to allow life to take place in this is to responsibly live life. Are allhumans bound for foreign lands, foreign thought, or foreign experiences? No. Should allhumans hope to experience foreign lands, foreign thought, and foreign experiences?

Without question. Having a responsible, reasonable, and mature grasp, mentally, of all that isout there to enhance one’s experience in life, is one of the greatest blessings one can bestowupon himself. For knowing that the tools one has through birth need to be used and practicedwith; sharpened and prepared for more difficult and challenging use, does one truly andactively approach living life from a strong foundation.

Why should anyone try to live life in a constant motion towards becoming greater, becomingstronger, and becoming wiser and more educated? Why not? For facing life with arms crossed,brow furrowed, and expectation as a rule is, without question, a waste. Living life is all aboutstriving forward. So why not do what one can, utilizing one’s God-given tools, to become thegreatest individual one can be? Live. Accept. Face. Strive. Truly live.

为生活而奋斗

懂得生命短暂,而且只有一次,就会对生活充满热情。人们生活在一个巨大的星球上,每天都充满着新的历程,学到新的知识,掌握到大量的资源,并以此来获得智慧与知识。认识到这一点,并且如此生活,才是有质量的生活。是不是每个人都要去外国,了解外国人的想法,体验外国的生活呢?不是。但是不是每个人都应当有去外国,了解外国人的想法,体验外国的生活的想法呢?

毫无疑问,是的。作为一个有责任心、有理智、有思想、成熟的人,去增长见识无疑是对自己最好的奖赏。因为人天赋的能力应当被使用、被锻炼、被磨砺,为日后所面临的困难和挑战做准备,这就为他积极和真实地面对生活打下坚实的基础。

为什么一个人要变得更伟大、更强壮、更聪明、更有知识呢?为什么不呢?因为如果抱着手、皱着眉地对待生活,那么所有的期望都会化为泡影。生活就是要奋勇前进。所以,为什么不好好地利用上帝赋予我们的能力,尽量变成一个最优秀的人呢?生活、接受、面对、奋斗,这就是真实的生活。

一篇简单的英语文章2

日常生活中最简单的幸福小事

They say the best things in life are free。

人们常说,生命中最美妙的事情都是无价的。

A Reddit user asked people from around the world what life's most simple pleasures were, oneof which was getting in your own bed after a long journey。

一位Reddit网(超火社交新闻网站)的用户向世界各地的人们问了这样一个问题,即,你的生活中最让你感到幸福的小事是什么?有人回答说,是在长时间的旅行后躺在自家的床榻上。

Unsurprisingly, many pleasures that came out top on the list were ones that resulted in a senseof physical relief after solving annoyances or irritations。

并不出人意料的是,在人们列出的这张幸福小事清单上,许多带来幸福感的小事都与焦虑、愤怒等情绪消除后感到的身体舒松感有关。

These included extracting a popcorn kernel lodged in the teeth, back and head scratches, andalso the satisfying first sip of a drink when thirsty。

清单上的幸福小事还包括从牙齿缝里挑出了一颗吃爆米花时卡住的玉米壳,在背心上挠痒痒或者搔搔头,还有非常干渴的时候喝下第一口饮料时沁爽的感受。

Reddit users also agreed that freshly baked bread was another simple pleasure in life that madethem happy。

Reddit网上的用户们还表示,刚出炉的面包的香气也是让他们感到开心的幸福小事之一。

A shower with good water pressure was another comfortable life pleasure that Reddit userspraised。

还有网友表示,在适合的水压之下冲淋浴也是一件令人感到惬意的幸福小事。

LIFE'S SMALLEST SIMPLEST PLEASURES

生活中最微小、最简单的幸福小事

1.Falling asleep while it's raining outside

窗外下着雨,安然入睡

2.Back or head scratches

挠挠背、搔搔头

3.A shower with good water pressure

在舒适的水压下冲澡

4.Lying in your own bed after a long journey

长途旅行后躺在自己的床上

5.Fresh baked bread

刚出炉的新鲜面包

6.The first sip of a drink when you're thirsty

干渴的时候呷下一口饮料

7.Getting goosebumps from a song

听到一首歌深受感动

8.Causing someone to laugh that you admire or look up to

让一位你崇敬或敬仰的人开怀大笑

9.Starting a task and finishing it

有始有终的完成一件事情

10.Waking up for work, only to realise it's Saturday

早起准备上班,忽然想起今天是周六

一篇简单的英语文章3

How to Answer the Interview Question, 'Tell Me About Yourself'

如何回答 面试 问题“简单介绍一下自己”

It's often the first thing hiring managers ask candidates in job interviews, and the firstopportunity to really screw things up. Unsurprisingly, most of us have a really hard timesummarizing our careers, skills, and interests in the conversational equivalent of a tweet. Buthaving a job search "elevator pitch" is a really important part of acing the interview.

招聘经理在求职面试中常常问的第一个问题就是“请简单介绍一下自己”,而且这实际上也是求职者将事情搞砸的第一次机会。不足为奇的是,实际上,大多数求职者都是很不容易才 总结 好面试中自己职业、技能和兴趣的介绍,就像一条微博似的。但是求职中的“电梯演讲”也是通过面试的重要因素。

"People screw it up all the time," says career coach Connie Thanasoulis-Cerrachio, in aninterview with Forbes. "They think they should walk you through their entire résumé."

职业顾问Connie Thanasoulis-Cerrachio在福布斯的采访中提到“人们总是把事情搞砸。求职者总是认为面试者应当浏览简历上面的所有信息。”

Thanasoulis-Cerrachio and the other career experts Susan Adams spoke with agreed that theshort, snappy pitch is important, and said that the whole spiel shouldn't take more than thetime it takes to ride an elevator -- 30 seconds or less, in other words.

Thanasoulis-Cerrachio与另一位职业专家Susan Adams很赞同的一点就是:简介明快的演讲很重要。而且整个演讲花费的时间不能超过乘坐一层电梯所需的时间——也就是30秒之内。

What else should you keep in mind?

还需要记住什么呢?

1. Focus on what they need.

1.集中注意用人单位的需求

When you're trying to sell yourself to a prospective employer, it's tempting to concentrate onwhat you think your greatest strengths are. In fact, you're probably better off if you figure outhow to tailor your description of your experience to what the employer actually needs. They'renot going to hire you just because you're impressive; they'll hire you because you solve aproblem or fulfill a desperately needed function.

当你试图将自己推荐给未来的雇主的时候,集中思考自己最大的优势是很富有吸引力的。实际上,如果你能够揣测用人单位的实际需求,并按照需求来修改工作 经验 介绍,那么你的机会可能会更大。他们不会因为你给人印象深刻而雇用你;他们雇用你是因为你能够解决问题或者能够履行急需的工作职责。

2. Edit yourself.

2.编辑自己

Be prepared to go through many iterations of your pitch before you hit on the right one. Thinkof the old Mark Twain quote, "I didn't have time to write you a short letter, so I wrote you along one instead." Brevity takes time and ruthlessness.

在你想出合适的 演讲稿 之前,你要做好不断修改稿子的准备。想一想老马克.吐温的一句 名言 “我没时间写出简洁的信,所以只好写一封长信给你。”简洁不但耗时长,而且没人情味。

3. Rehearse.

3.排练

Practice on your own in front of a mirror, or better yet, with a friend, until you can deliver yourpitch confidently and without a hitch. Ideally, it should sound organic and natural -- as if youjust happened to think it up on the spot, or as if it's always been a personal credo.

在你能够自信地、毫不费力地发表演讲之前,你需要对着镜子,最好是对着朋友练习。理想情况下,演讲应该条理清晰、比较自然——就像当场恰好刚想出来的一样或者像常用的个人信条一样。

Tell Us What You Think

告诉我们你的看法

Do you have an elevator pitch for interviews?

你为面试做过电梯演讲吗?

英语文章简单短篇

英语短文写作是大学英语教学的重要组成部分,也是衡量学生英语综合水平和应用能力的标准。下面是我带来的英语短篇 文章 ,欢迎阅读!

英语短篇文章1

11 Body Hacks that You Should Know About

Have you got any tiny itchy issues with your body sometimes but don’t know how to deal with them? Say how to kill the brain freeze or what to do when your limbs fall asleep? The following 11 body hacks will help you get the issues fixed.

1. To lessen the pain when you have an injection from the doctor, cough!

Studies have shown that the act of a sudden cough cause less pain to a person while having the injection.

2. Push your tongue against the roof of your mouth and press a finger between your eyebrows if you want to clear a stuffy nose or relieve the sinus pressure.

This causes the vomer bone to rock and your congestion will be loosened.

3. Lay on your left side if you want to sleep after having a big full meal.

The stomach is higher than the oesophagus when you sleep on your right; thus allowing food and stomach acid to go up to your throat.

4. If you have a toothache, rub some ice on the on the webbed area between your thumb and index finger.

By numbing your hand, your pain intensity will be reduced.

5. When you have a nosebleed, put some cotton on your upper gums behind the small dent below your nose and press on it.

By giving pressure on the gums, the supply of the blood to the nose can be blocked.

6. If your throat is a little itchy, scratch your ear.

By doing so, you stimulate the nerves in the ear and create a reflex in the throat which causes a muscle spasm that kills the itchy feeling.

7. Use your right ear to listen to the phone or hear people talk at a party.

Your right ear picks up words better while your left ear picks up sounds/music better.

8. If you start to feel dizzy and drunk, put your hand on something hard and stable.

Putting your hand on a stable subject help you feel more balance.

9. Putting your tongue flat against your mouth’s roof can prevent brain freeze.

This is because brain freeze happens when the nerves in your mouth’s roof get too cold.

10. If your hand falls asleep, move your neck and head.

The compressing nerves in your neck causes your hand to fall asleep, so move it side to side can relieve that.

11. If you feel nervous, try to blow your thumb.

Blowing cool wind to your thumb can slow down its pulse and calm you down eventually.

英语短篇文章2

15 Things You Might Have Misunderstood About Introverts

Introverts are a misunderstood bunch. Compared to extroverts, they think differently, act differently, and even look differently when they interact with people. But there are a lot of misconceptions about what it means to be “introverted.” Here are 15 of them:

Misconception #1: Introverts are shy.

Being “shy” and “introverted” are two completely different things. Introverts are not necessarily shy or afraid of people. They don’t just don’t prefer talking for the sake of talking.

Misconception #2: Introverts are unemotional.

Introverts may not show emotion with their facial expressions and gestures, but this doesn’t mean they’re not interested in what you’re saying. Introverts prefer to control their emotions around others and internalize them. Although someone who’s introverted may not appear engaged, this is usually not the case.

Misconception #3: Introverts don’t like working in groups.

Introverts often do their best work alone, so co-workers may misunderstand them and think they don’t want to partake in group work. While introverts do have a tendency to shut down in larger groups of people when they feel like their voice isn’t being heard, introverts excel in small group situations and enjoy working in these types of environments, as long as their opinion is valued.

Misconception #4: Introverts don’t like talking.

It’s not that introverts don’t like to talk, it’s that they prefer to listen before they talk. Introverts choose their words carefully and they think small talk is a waste of time. But, they’re more than willing to engage you in a deep conversation about topics they’re passionate about.

Misconception #5: Introverts are scared to look you in the eye.

In general, introverts may not make eye contact with you as much as extroverts. This is because they don’t feel the need to partake in social norms and rituals as much as extroverts, not because they’re “scared.”

Misconception #6: All introverts are poor public speakers.

Some introverts may not like speaking in large group settings; however, many introverts are naturally gifted speakers. And, introverts generally spend more time preparing for speeches and presentations rather than “flying by the seat of their pants.”

Misconception #7: Introverts just want to be left alone.

While it’s true that introverts prefer to “re-charge” with some quiet time reading or reflecting, they also crave human interaction and enjoy the company of others.

Misconception #8: Introverts over-analyze everything.

Introverts like to analyze situations and consider all possible scenarios before making decisions. Sometimes this can lead to “analysis paralysis,” but in general, it’s a positive trait that allows them to make tough decisions with a rational stream of thought.

Misconception #8: Introverts don’t like to go out in public.

False. Introverts may not be comfortable in crowded spaces, but they love experiencing new places, people, and things.

Misconception #9: Introverts are high strung.

The opposite is actually true. Introverts tend to be much more even-keeled and level than extroverts. They are able to objectively view all scenarios, even during times of stress.

Misconception #10: Introverts are underachievers.

Because we have such an affinity for the charismatic, personable, extroverted leader, some people assume that introverts are underachievers compared to extroverts. However, there are millions of successful introverted scientists, artists, physicians, writers, and philosophers. Achievement is not necessarily related to personality type.

Misconception #11: Introverts can “break out of their shell” and become extroverts.

Introversion is an inborn personality type that you can’t change. Many people falsely believe that introverts can (or want to) “unlearn” their quiet, passive tendencies.

Misconception #12: Introverts are rude.

Introverts get a bad rap because they don’t show emotion like extroverts do. This causes people to misunderstand them and mistake their stone-face demeanor for rudeness, which isn’t the case.

Misconception #13: Introverts are no fun.

Introverts are all about having a good time–they just prefer environments that are quieter and more low-key. They don’t mind going to parties, but they prefer to spend time socializing in their inner circle of friends.

Misconception #14: Introverts don’t make good leaders.

Introverts can be quiet but confident leaders. They are particularly effective at managing extroverts because they’re good listeners and don’t compete with them.

Misconception #15: Extroverts are happier than introverts.

Happiness has nothing to do with one’s personality type. There are happy and unhappy extroverts just like introverts. Personality type does not pre-dispose you to be unhappy.

Have you ever been misunderstood because of your personality type? If so, I’d love to hear from you below!

英语短篇文章3

Introverts are a misunderstood bunch. Compared to extroverts, they think differently, act differently, and even look differently when they interact with people. But there are a lot of misconceptions about what it means to be “introverted.” Here are 15 of them:

Misconception #1: Introverts are shy.

Being “shy” and “introverted” are two completely different things. Introverts are not necessarily shy or afraid of people. They don’t just don’t prefer talking for the sake of talking.

Misconception #2: Introverts are unemotional.

Introverts may not show emotion with their facial expressions and gestures, but this doesn’t mean they’re not interested in what you’re saying. Introverts prefer to control their emotions around others and internalize them. Although someone who’s introverted may not appear engaged, this is usually not the case.

Misconception #3: Introverts don’t like working in groups.

Introverts often do their best work alone, so co-workers may misunderstand them and think they don’t want to partake in group work. While introverts do have a tendency to shut down in larger groups of people when they feel like their voice isn’t being heard, introverts excel in small group situations and enjoy working in these types of environments, as long as their opinion is valued.

Misconception #4: Introverts don’t like talking.

It’s not that introverts don’t like to talk, it’s that they prefer to listen before they talk. Introverts choose their words carefully and they think small talk is a waste of time. But, they’re more than willing to engage you in a deep conversation about topics they’re passionate about.

Misconception #5: Introverts are scared to look you in the eye.

In general, introverts may not make eye contact with you as much as extroverts. This is because they don’t feel the need to partake in social norms and rituals as much as extroverts, not because they’re “scared.”

Misconception #6: All introverts are poor public speakers.

Some introverts may not like speaking in large group settings; however, many introverts are naturally gifted speakers. And, introverts generally spend more time preparing for speeches and presentations rather than “flying by the seat of their pants.”

Misconception #7: Introverts just want to be left alone.

While it’s true that introverts prefer to “re-charge” with some quiet time reading or reflecting, they also crave human interaction and enjoy the company of others.

Misconception #8: Introverts over-analyze everything.

Introverts like to analyze situations and consider all possible scenarios before making decisions. Sometimes this can lead to “analysis paralysis,” but in general, it’s a positive trait that allows them to make tough decisions with a rational stream of thought.

Misconception #8: Introverts don’t like to go out in public.

False. Introverts may not be comfortable in crowded spaces, but they love experiencing new places, people, and things.

Misconception #9: Introverts are high strung.

The opposite is actually true. Introverts tend to be much more even-keeled and level than extroverts. They are able to objectively view all scenarios, even during times of stress.

Misconception #10: Introverts are underachievers.

Because we have such an affinity for the charismatic, personable, extroverted leader, some people assume that introverts are underachievers compared to extroverts. However, there are millions of successful introverted scientists, artists, physicians, writers, and philosophers. Achievement is not necessarily related to personality type.

Misconception #11: Introverts can “break out of their shell” and become extroverts.

Introversion is an inborn personality type that you can’t change. Many people falsely believe that introverts can (or want to) “unlearn” their quiet, passive tendencies.

Misconception #12: Introverts are rude.

Introverts get a bad rap because they don’t show emotion like extroverts do. This causes people to misunderstand them and mistake their stone-face demeanor for rudeness, which isn’t the case.

Misconception #13: Introverts are no fun.

Introverts are all about having a good time–they just prefer environments that are quieter and more low-key. They don’t mind going to parties, but they prefer to spend time socializing in their inner circle of friends.

Misconception #14: Introverts don’t make good leaders.

Introverts can be quiet but confident leaders. They are particularly effective at managing extroverts because they’re good listeners and don’t compete with them.

Misconception #15: Extroverts are happier than introverts.

Happiness has nothing to do with one’s personality type. There are happy and unhappy extroverts just like introverts. Personality type does not pre-dispose you to be unhappy.

Have you ever been misunderstood because of your personality type? If so, I’d love to hear from you below!

阅读是人们获取信息的重要手段,更是学习英语的主要途径之一。我整理了简单一点的英语小短文,欢迎阅读!

Kate Middleton who is known to the world as the young and beautiful princess is the great idol for many girls. She speaks for the image of elegance. Every time when she appears in the public occasions, she dresses so well and catches the media’s attention all the time. Michelle Obama, the first lady in America, has the great influence on the women. She is also known for creating the fashion. Michelle has her own styles. She sets the good example for the women to dress in different occasions. The public is very interested in the first ladies’ dressing styles and these powerful women increase their charm by creating the fashion. Indeed, no matter what they wear will become the hot style and there comes many similar products. People are happy to see the fashion and they like to discuss about it, then follow it.

凯特·米德尔顿,一个闻名于世界的年轻美丽的王妃。她是很多女孩伟大的偶像。她代表着优雅的形象,每次她出现在公众场合都衣着得体,总是能够吸引媒体的注意力。美国第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马对女性有很大的影响。她也以创造时尚而出名。米歇尔拥有自己的风格,她给女性在不同的场合穿着树立了良好的例子。公众对第一夫人的穿着风格很感兴趣,她们也通过创建时尚来增加自己的魅力。事实上,不管她们穿什么都会成为热门风格,随后会涌现出许多类似的产品。人们乐于看到这样的时尚,也喜欢讨论, 然后跟随时尚。

I like to see movie so much. When I have time, the first thing I’d like to do is to find the hot movies and then buy some snacks, enjoying my movie hour. After appreciating so many movies, The Lord of the Rings impresses me the most. This movie has three series and I like them all. Though the moive was made in about 2000, its technology is still not out of date. In the movie, the scenery is such beautiful that I can’t move my eyes away. It was shot in New Zealand and I have made up my mind that I must go there someday and have a look at the beautiful scenery. The movie shows me a scientific world with all kinds of creatures. The wizards, the hobbies, the elves, the orcs and so on. It broadens my vision.

我很喜欢看电影。我有时间的时候,我想做的第一件事就是找一些热门电影,然后买些零食来享受我的电影时光。在欣赏了那么多电影后,《魔戒》让我印象最深刻。这部电影有三个系列,每个系列我都喜欢。虽然这部电影大约在2000年拍摄,但是其技术却不过时。在电影中,景色是如此美丽,我都无法转移目光。那是在新西兰拍摄的。我已经下定决心,一定要去那里看一看那美丽的风景。这部电影给我展示了一个科幻世界,那里有各种各样的生物。巫师,霍比特人,半兽人,精灵等等。开阔了我的视野。

Going to high school is my first time to leave home. I have to live in school from Monday to Friday. I like to stay away from my parents for some time, because I can make my own choice and be free to go anywhere. My friends and I like to spend the weekend in the countryside that near the city we live. It is the short travel that I can not only appreciate the beautiful scenery, but also learn to be independent. The things that nature teaches me are a lot. I can see from the color of the cloud to predict the weather and the sound of of animals have different meanings. All of these are hard to know from the books. I have my own thinking from these trips, and the way to take care of myself helps me to grow up.

上高中是我第一次离开家,我必须住在学校,从星期一到星期五。我喜欢离开父母一段时间,因为我可以自己做决定,随便去任何地方。我的朋友们和我喜欢在我们生活的城市附近的乡镇去度过周末。短暂的旅行,我不仅可以欣赏美丽的风景,同时也学会独立。自然教会我很多的东西。我能从云的颜色来预测天气和动物的声音有不同的含义。这些都是很难从书本学到。从这些旅行中,我有了自己的思考方式,也学会了照顾自己,这让我成长。

To be successful, students learn many knowledge so as to master as more skills as possible. Some believe that the key to realize our dreams is to work hard and others treat chance in the first place. While today is the information world, the one who masters the all-sided source will have more chances to be successful. In my opinion, the most important skill is the social skill, because we need to make connection with others, we are not doing business with ourselves, so it is in need of having relationship with others. The good social skill can help us attract attention easily and impress the future partner. If we are bad in communicating, how can we let others know our advantages and trust us. So promoting ourselves is the first job, from now on, don’t be shy.

为了成功,学生学习很多知识这样就尽可能掌握更多的技能。一些人认为实现我们梦想的关键是努力工作和其他把机会放在第一位。而今天是信息世界,那些掌握全面信息的人有更多的机会获得成功。在我看来,最重要的技能是社会技能,因为我们需要与他人进行联系,我们不是和自己做生意,所以需要与他人打好关系。良好的社会技能可以帮助我们轻易吸引注意力和打动未来的合作伙伴。如果我们沟通不好,我们怎么能让别人知道我们的优势,并且相信我们。所以推广自己是第一份工作,从现在开始,不要害羞。

简单建模论文范文

数学建模论文范文一篇,带例题,结构格式要求有摘要、关键词、问题背景、建模过程、模型解释、小结、参考文献点一下就可以进去了,希望你早日完成论文。祝你顺利资料什么的都有,论文相关的。加油!

数学建模论文写作 一、写好数模答卷的重要性 1. 评定参赛队的成绩好坏、高低,获奖级别,数模答卷,是唯一依据。 2. 答卷是竞赛活动的成绩结晶的书面形式。 3. 写好答卷的训练,是科技写作的一种基本训练。 二、答卷的基本内容,需要重视的问题 1.评阅原则 假设的合理性,建模的创造性,结果的合理性,表述的清晰程度。 2.答卷的文章结构 题目(写出较确切的题目;同时要有新意、醒目) 摘要(200-300字,包括模型的主要特点、建模方法和主要结论) 关键词(求解问题、使用的方法中的重要术语) 1)问题重述。 2)问题分析。 3)模型假设。 4)符号说明。 5)模型的建立(问题分析,公式推导,基本模型,最终或简化模型等)。 6)模型求解(计算方法设计或选择;算法设计或选择,算法思想依据,步骤及实现,计算框图;所采用的软件名称;引用或建立必要的数学命题和定理;求解方案及流程。) 7)进一步讨论(结果表示、分析与检验,误差分析,模型检验) 8)模型评价(特点,优缺点,改进方法,推广。) 9)参考文献。 10)附录(计算程序,框图;各种求解演算过程,计算中间结果;各种图形,表格。) 3. 要重视的问题 1)摘要。 包括: a. 模型的数学归类(在数学上属于什么类型); b. 建模的思想(思路); c. 算法思想(求解思路); d. 建模特点(模型优点,建模思想或方法,算法特点,结果检验,灵敏度分析,模型检验……); e. 主要结果(数值结果,结论;回答题目所问的全部“问题”)。 ▲ 注意表述:准确、简明、条理清晰、合乎语法、要求符合文章格式。务必认真校对。 2)问题重述。 3)问题分析。 因素之间的关系、因素与环境之间的关系、因素自身的变化规律、确定研究的方法或模型的类型。 5)模型假设。 根据全国组委会确定的评阅原则,基本假设的合理性很重要。 a. 根据题目中条件作出假设 b. 根据题目中要求作出假设 关键性假设不能缺;假设要切合题意。 6) 模型的建立。 a. 基本模型: ⅰ)首先要有数学模型:数学公式、方案等; ⅱ)基本模型,要求完整,正确,简明; b. 简化模型: ⅰ)要明确说明简化思想,依据等; ⅱ)简化后模型,尽可能完整给出; c. 模型要实用,有效,以解决问题有效为原则。 数学建模面临的、要解决的是实际问题,不追求数学上的高(级)、深(刻)、难(度大)。 ⅰ)能用初等方法解决的、就不用高级方法; ⅱ)能用简单方法解决的,就不用复杂方法; ⅲ)能用被更多人看懂、理解的方法,就不用只能少数人看懂、理解的方法。 d.鼓励创新,但要切实,不要离题搞标新立异。数模创新可出现在: ▲ 建模中,模型本身,简化的好方法、好策略等; ▲ 模型求解中; ▲ 结果表示、分析、检验,模型检验; ▲ 推广部分。 e.在问题分析推导过程中,需要注意的问题: ⅰ)分析:中肯、确切; ⅱ)术语:专业、内行; ⅲ)原理、依据:正确、明确; ⅳ)表述:简明,关键步骤要列出; ⅴ)忌:外行话,专业术语不明确,表述混乱,冗长。 7)模型求解。 a. 需要建立数学命题时: 命题叙述要符合数学命题的表述规范,尽可能论证严密。 b. 需要说明计算方法或算法的原理、思想、依据、步骤。 若采用现有软件,说明采用此软件的理由,软件名称。 c. 计算过程,中间结果可要可不要的,不要列出。 d. 设法算出合理的数值结果。 8) 结果分析、检验;模型检验及模型修正;结果表示。 a. 最终数值结果的正确性或合理性是第一位的; b. 对数值结果或模拟结果进行必要的检验; 结果不正确、不合理、或误差大时,分析原因, 对算法、计算方法、或模型进行修正、改进。 c. 题目中要求回答的问题,数值结果,结论,须一一列出; d. 列数据问题:考虑是否需要列出多组数据,或额外数据对数据进行比较、分析,为各种方案的提出提供依据; e. 结果表示:要集中,一目了然,直观,便于比较分析。 ▲ 数值结果表示:精心设计表格;可能的话,用图形图表形式。 ▲ 求解方案,用图示更好。 9)必要时对问题解答,作定性或规律性的讨论。最后结论要明确。 10)模型评价 优点突出,缺点不回避。 改变原题要求,重新建模可在此做。 推广或改进方向时,不要玩弄新数学术语。 11)参考文献 12)附录 详细的结果,详细的数据表格,可在此列出,但不要错,错的宁可不列。主要结果数据,应在正文中列出,不怕重复。检查答卷的主要三点,把三关: a. 模型的正确性、合理性、创新性 b. 结果的正确性、合理性 c. 文字表述清晰,分析精辟,摘要精彩 三、关于写答卷前的思考和工作规划 答卷需要回答哪几个问题――建模需要解决哪几个问题; 问题以怎样的方式回答――结果以怎样的形式表示; 每个问题要列出哪些关键数据――建模要计算哪些关键数据; 每个量,列出一组还是多组数――要计算一组还是多组数。 四、答卷要求的原理 1. 准确――科学性; 2. 条理――逻辑性; 3. 简洁――数学美; 4. 创新――研究、应用目标之一,人才培养需要; 5. 实用――建模、实际问题要求。 五、建模理念 1. 应用意识 要解决实际问题,结果、结论要符合实际; 模型、方法、结果要易于理解,便于实际应用;站在应用者的立场上想问题,处理问题。 2. 数学建模 用数学方法解决问题,要有数学模型; 问题模型的数学抽象,方法有普适性、科学性,不局限于本具体问题的解决。 3. 创新意识 建模有特点,更加合理、科学、有效、符合实际;更有普遍应用意义;不单纯为创新而创新。

数学应用是数学 教育 的重要内容,呼唤数学应用意识,提高数学应用教学质量,已成为广大数学教育工作者的共识。下面是我为大家推荐的数学建模论文,供大家参考。

数学建模论文 范文 一:建模在高等数学教学中的作用及其具体运用

一、高等数学教学的现状

(一) 教学观念陈旧化

就当前高等数学的教育教学而言,高数老师对学生的计算能力、思考能力以及 逻辑思维 能力过于重视,一切以课本为基础开展教学活动。作为一门充满活力并让人感到新奇的学科,由于教育观念和思想的落后,课堂教学之中没有穿插应用实例,在工作的时候学生不知道怎样把问题解决,工作效率无法进一步提升,不仅如此,陈旧的教学理念和思想让学生渐渐的失去学习的兴趣和动力。

(二) 教学 方法 传统化

教学方法的优秀与否在学生学习的过程中发挥着重要的作用,也直接影响着学生的学习成绩。一般高数老师在授课的时候都是以课本的顺次进行,也就意味着老师“由定义到定理”、“由习题到练习”,这种默守陈规的教学方式无法为学生营造活跃的学习氛围,让学生独自学习、思考的能力进一步下降。这就要求教师致力于和谐课堂氛围营造以及使用新颖的教育教学方法,让学生在课堂中主动参与学习。

二、建模在高等数学教学中的作用

对学生的 想象力 、观察力、发现、分析并解决问题的能力进行培养的过程中,数学建模发挥着重要的作用。最近几年,国内出现很多以数学建模为主体的赛事活动以及教研活动,其在学生学习兴趣的提升、激发学生主动学习的积极性上扮演着重要的角色,发挥着突出的作用,在高等数学教学中引入数学建模还能培养学生不畏困难的品质,培养踏实的工作精神,在协调学生学习的知识、实际应用能力等上有突出的作用。虽然国内高等院校大都开设了数学建模选修课或者培训班,但是由于课程的要求和学生的认知水平差异较大,所以课程无法普及为大众化的教育。如今,高等院校都在积极的寻找一种载体,对学生的整体素质进行培养,提升学生的创新精神以及创造力,让学生满足社会对复合型人才的需求,而最好的载体则是高等数学。

高等数学作为工科类学生的一门基础课,由于其必修课的性质,把数学建模引入高等数学课堂中具有较广的影响力。把数学建模思想渗入高等数学教学中,不仅能让数学知识的本来面貌得以还原,更让学生在日常中应用数学知识的能力得到很好的培养。数学建模要求学生在简化、抽象、翻译部分现实世界信息的过程中使用数学的语言以及工具,把内在的联系使用图形、表格等方式表现出来,以便于提升学生的表达能力。在实际的学习数学建模之后,需要检验现实的信息,确定最后的结果是否正确,通过这一过程中的锻炼,学生在分析问题的过程中可以主动地、客观的辩证的运用数学方法,最终得出解决问题的最好方法。因此,在高等数学教学中引入数学建模思想具有重要的意义。

三、将建模思想应用在高等数学教学中的具体 措施

(一) 在公式中使用建模思想

在高数教材中占有重要位置的是公式,也是要求学生必须掌握的内容之一。为了让教师的教学效果进一步提升,在课堂上老师不仅要让学生对计算的技巧进一步提升之余,还要和建模思想结合在一起,让解题难度更容易,还让课堂氛围更活跃。为了让学生对公式中使用建模思想理解的更透彻,老师还应该结合实例开展教学。

(二) 讲解习题的时候使用数学模型的方式

课本例题使用建模思想进行解决,老师通过对例题的讲解,很好的讲述使用数学建模解决问题的方式,让学生清醒的认识在解决问题的过程中怎样使用数学建模。完成每章学习的内容之后,充分的利用时间为学生解疑答惑,以学生所学的专业情况和学生水平的高低选择合适的例题,完成建模、解决问题的全部过程,提升学生解决问题的效率。

(三) 组织学生积极参加数学建模竞赛

一般而言,在竞赛中可以很好地锻炼学生竞争意识以及独立思考的能力。这就要求学校充分的利用资源并广泛的宣传,让学生积极的参加竞赛,在实践中锻炼学生的实际能力。在日常生活中使用数学建模解决问题,让学生独自思考,然后在竞争的过程中意识到自己的不足,今后也会努力学习,改正错误,提升自身的能力。

四、结束语

高等数学主要对学生从理论学习走向解决实际问题的能力进行培养,在高等数学中应用建模思想,促使学生对高数知识更充分的理解,学习的难度进一步降低,提升应用能力和探索能力。当前,在高等教学过程中引入建模思想还存在一定的不足,需要高校高等数学老师进行深入的研究和探索的同时也需要学生很好的配合,以便于今后的教学中进一步提升教学的质量。

参考文献

[1] 谢凤艳,杨永艳. 高等数学教学中融入数学建模思想[J]. 齐齐哈尔师范高等专科学校学报,2014 ( 02) : 119 -120.

[2] 李薇. 在高等数学教学中融入数学建模思想的探索与实践[J]. 教育实践与改革,2012 ( 04) : 177 -178,189.

[3] 杨四香. 浅析高等数学教学中数学建模思想的渗透 [J].长春教育学院学报,2014 ( 30) : 89,95.

[4] 刘合财. 在高等数学教学中融入数学建模思想 [J]. 贵阳学院学报,2013 ( 03) : 63 -65.

数学建模论文范文二:数学建模教学中数学素养和创新意识的培养

前言

创新人才的培养是新的时代对高等教育提出的新要求.培养高质量、高层次人才不仅需要传统意义上的逻辑思维能力、推理演算能力,更需要具备对所涉及的专业问题建立数学模型,进行数学实验,利用先进的计算工具、数学软件进行数值求解和做出定量分析的能力.

因此,如何培养学生的求知欲,如何培养学生的学习积极性,如何培养学生的创新意识和创新能力已成为高等教育迫切需要解决的问题[1].

在数学教学中,传统的数学教学往往注重知识的传授、公式的推导、定理的证明以及应用能力的培养.尽管这种模式并非一无是处,甚至有时还相当成功,但它不能有效地激发广大学生的求知欲,不能有效地培养学生的学习积极性,不能有效地培养学生的创新意识和创新能力.

而如何培养学生的创新意识和创新能力,既没有现成的模式可循,也没有既定的方法可套用,只能靠广大教师不断探索和实践.

近年来,国内几乎所有大学都相继开设了数学建模和数学实验课,在人才培养和学科竞赛上都取得了显着的成效.数学建模是指对特定的现象,为了某一目的作一些必要的简化和假设,运用适当的数学理论得到的一个数学结构,这个数学结构即为数学模型,建立这个数学模型的过程即为数学建模[2].

所谓数学教学中的数学实验,就是从给定的实际问题出发,借助计算机和数学软件,让学生在数字化的实验中去学习和探索,并通过自己设计和动手,去体验问题解决的教学活动过程.数学实验是数学建模的延伸,是数学学科知识在计算机上的实现,从而使高度抽象的数学理论成为生动具体的可视性过程.

因此,数学实验就是一个以学生为主体,以实际问题为载体,以计算机为媒体,以数学软件为工具,以数学建模为过程,以优化数学模型为目标的数学教学活动过程[3-7].

因此,如何把实际问题与所学的数学知识联系起来;如何根据实际问题提炼数学模型;建模的方法和技巧;数学模型所涉及到的各类算法以及这些算法在相应数学软件平台上的实现等问题就成了我们研究的重点.现结合教学实践,谈谈笔者在数学建模和数学实验课的教学中 总结 的几点看法.

1掌握数学语言独有的特点和表达形式

准确使用数学语言模拟现实模型数学语言是表达数学思想的专门语言,它是自然语言发展到高级状态时的特殊形式,是人类基于思维、认知的特殊需要,按照公有思维、认知法则而制造出来的语言及其体系,给人们提供一套完整的并不断精细、完善、完美的思维和认知程序、规则、方法.

用数学语言进行交流和良好的符号意识是重要的数学素质.数学建模教学是以训练学生的思维为核心,而语言和思维又是密不可分的.能否成功地进行数学交流,不仅涉及一个人的数学能力,而且也涉及到一个人的思路是否开阔,头脑是否开放,是否尊重并且愿意考虑各方面的不同意见,是否乐于接受新的思想感情观念和新的行为方式.数学建模是利用数学语言模拟现实的模型,把现实模型抽象、简化为某种数学结构是数学模型的基本特征.

现实问题要通过数学方法获得解决,首先必须将其中的非数学语言数学化,摒弃其中表面的具体叙述,抽象出其中的数学本质,形成数学模型.通过分析现实中的数学现象,对常见的数学现象进行数学语言描述,从而将现实问题转化为数学问题来解决.

2借助数学建模教学使学生学会使用数学语言构建数学模型

根据现阶段普通高校学生年龄特点和知识结构,我们可以通过数学建模对学生加强数学语言能力的培养,让他们熟练掌握数学语言,以期提升学生的形象思维、 抽象思维 、逻辑推理和表达能力,提高学生的数学素质和数学能力.在数学建模教学过程中,教师要力求做到用词准确,叙述精炼,前后连贯,逻辑性强.在问题的重述和分析中揭示数学语言的严谨性;在数学符号说明和模型的建立求解中揭示数学语言的简约性,彰显数学语言的逻辑性、精确性和情境性,突出数学符号语言含义的深刻性;在模型的分析和结果的罗列中,显示图表语言的直观性,展示数学语言的确定意义、语义和语法;在模型的应用和推广中,显示出数学符号语言的推动力的独特魅力.

而在学生的书面作业或论文 报告 中,注意培养学生数学语言表达的规范性.书面表达是数学语言表达能力的一种重要形式.通过教师数学建模教学表述规范的样板和学生严格的书面表达的长期训练来完成.在书面表达上,主要应做到思维清晰、叙述简洁、书写规范.例如在建立模型和求解上,严格要求学生在模型的假设,符号说明、模型的建立和求解,图形的绘制、变量的限制范围、模型的分析与推广方面,做到严谨规范.

对学生在利用建模解决问题时使用符号语言的不准确、不规范、不简洁等方面要及时纠正.

3借助数学实验教学,展示高度抽象

的数学理论成为具体的可视性过程要培养创新人才,上好数学实验课,首先要有创新型的教师,建立起一支"懂实验""会试验""能创新"的教师队伍.由于数学实验课理论联系实际,特点鲜明,内容新颖,方法特别,所以能够上好数学实验课,教师就必须具备扎实的数学理论功底,计算机软件应用操作能力,良好的科研素质与科研能力.

因此,数学与统计学院就需要选取部分教师,主攻数学建模、数学实验、数值分析课程.优先选派数学实验教师定期出去进修深造提高,以便真正形成一支"懂实验""会实验""能创新"的教师队伍.实验课的地位要给予应有的重视.我院现存的一个重要表现就是实验设备不足,实验室开放时间不够.为了确保数学实验有物质条件上的保证,必须建立数学实验与数学建模实验室.

配备足够的高性能计算机,全天候对学生开放,尽快尽早淘汰陈旧的计算机设备.精心设计实验内容,强化典型实验,培养宽厚扎实理论水平;精选实验内容,加强学生之间的互动,培养协作意识和团队精神.在实验教学时数有限的情况下,依据培养目标和教学纲要,对教材中的实验内容进行选择、设计.要最大限度地开发学生的创造性思维,数学实验在项目设计过程中应当遵循适应性、趣味性、灵活性、科学性、渐进性和应用性的基本原则.

选择基础性试验,重点培养宽厚扎实的理论水平,提高对数学理论与方法的深刻理解.熟练各种数学软件的应用与开发,提高计算机应用能力,增强实践应用技能;增加综合性实验和设计性实验,从实际问题出发,培养学生分析问题,解决问题的能力,强化 创新思维 的开发.

教学方法上实行启发参与式教学法:启发-参与-诱导-提高.充分发挥学生主体作用,以学生亲自动脑动手为主.

教师先提出问题,对实验内容,实验目标,进行必要的启发;然后充分发挥学生主体作用,学生动手操作,每个命令、语句学生都要在计算机上操作得到验证;根据学生出现的情况,老师总结学生出现的问题,进行进一步的诱导;再让其理清思路,再次动手实践,从理论与实践的结合上获得能力上提高.数学实验是一门强调实践、强调应用的课程.

数学实验将数学知识、数学建模与计算机应用三者融为一体,可以使学生深入理解数学的基本概念和理论,掌握数值计算方法,培养学生运用所学知识使用计算机解决实际问题的能力,是一门实践性很强的课程.在这一教学活动中,通过数学软件如MAT-LAB、Mathematica、SPSS的教学和综合数学实验,如碎片拼接、罪犯藏匿地点的查找、光伏电池的连接、野外漂流管理、水资源的有效利用、葡萄酒的分类等,通这些实际问题最终的数学化的解决,将高度抽象的数学理论呈现为生动具体的可视性结论,展示数学模型与计算机技术相结合的高度抽象的数学理论成为生动具体的可视性过程.

4突出学生的主体作用,循序渐进培养学生学习、实践到创新

实践教学的目的是要提高学生应用所学知识分析、解决实际问题的综合能力.

在教学中,搭建数学建模与数学实验这个平台,提示学生用计算机解决经过简化的问题,或自己提出实验问题,设计实验步骤,观察实验结果,尤其是将庞大繁杂的数学计算交给计算机完成,摆脱过去害怕数学计算、画函数图像、解方程等任务,避免学生一见到庞大的数学计算公式就会产生畏惧心理,从而丧失信心,让学生体会到在数学面前自己由弱者变成了强者,由失败者变成了胜利者、成功者.

再设计让学生自己动手去解决的各类实际问题,使学生通过对实际问题的仔细分析、作出合理假设、建立模型、求解模型及对结果进行分析、检验、总结等,解决实际问题,逐步培养学生熟练使用计算机和数学软件的能力以及运用数学知识解决实际问题的意识和能力.

同时,给学生提供大量的上机实践的机会,提高学生应用数学软件的能力.一个实际问题构成一个实验内容,通过实践环节加大训练力度,并要求学生通过计算机编程求解、编写实验报告等形式,达到提高学生解决实际问题综合能力的目标.数学建模与数学实验课程通过实际问题---方法与分析---范例---软件---实验---综合练习的教学过程,以实际问题为载体,以大学基本数学知识为基础,采用自学、讲解、讨论、试验、文献阅读等方式,在教师的逐步指导下,学习基本的建模与计算方法.

通过学习查阅文献资料、用所学的数学知识和计算机技术,借助适当的数学软件,学会用数学知识去解决实际问题的一些基本技巧与方法.通过实验过程的学习,加深学生对数学的了解,使同学们应用数学方法的能力和发散性思维的能力得到进一步的培养.实践已证明,数学建模与数学实验课这门课深受学生欢迎,它的教学无论对培养创新型人才还是应用型人才都能发挥其他课程无法替代的作用.

5具体的教学策略和途径

数学建模课程和数学实验课程同时开设,在课程教学中,要尽可能做到如下几个方面:

1)注重背景的阐述

让学生了解问题背景,才能知道解决实际问题需要哪些知识,才能做出贴近实际的假设,而这恰恰是建立一个能够解决实际问题的数学模型的前提.再者,问题背景越是清晰,越能够体现问题的重要性,这样才能激发学生解决实际问题的兴趣.

2)注重模型建立与求解过程中的数学语言的使用

在做好实际问题的简化后,使用精炼的数学符号表示现实含义是数学语言使用的彰显.基于必要的背景知识,建立符合现实的数学模型,通过多个方面对模型进行修正,向学生展示不同的条件相对应的数学模型对于现实问题的解决.在模型的求解上,严格要求学生在模型的假设,符号说明、图形的绘制、变量的限制范围、模型的分析与推广方面,做到严谨规范.对学生在利用建模解决问题时使用符号语言的不准确、不规范、不简洁等方面及时纠正.

3)注重经典算法的数学软件的实现和改进

由于实际问题的特殊性导致数学模型没有固定的模式,这就要求既要熟练掌握一般数学软件和算法的实现,又要善于改进和总结,使得现有的算法和程序能够通过修正来解决实际问题,这对于学生能力的培养不可或缺.只有不断的学习和总结,才有数学素养的培养和创新能力的提高.

参考文献:

[1]叶其孝.把数学建模、数学实验的思想和方法融人高等数学课的教学中去[J].工程数学学报,2003,(8):1-11.

[2]颜荣芳,张贵仓,李永祥.现代信息技术支持的数学建模创新教育[J].电化教育研究,2009,(3)。

[3]郑毓信.数学方法论的理论与实践[M].广西教育出版社,2009.

[4]姜启源.数学实验与数学建模[J].数学的实践与认识,2001,(5):613-617.

[5]姜启源,谢金星,叶俊.数学建模[M].第3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2002.

[6]周家全,陈功平.论数学建模教学活动与数学素质的培养[J].中山大学学报,2002,(4):79-80.

[7]付桐林.数学建模教学与创新能力培养[J].教育导刊,2010,(08):89-90.

全国大学生数学建模竞赛论文格式规范 本科组参赛队从A、B题中任选一题,专科组参赛队从C、D题中任选一题。 论文用白色A4纸单面打印;上下左右各留出至少2.5厘米的页边距;从左侧装订。 论文第一页为承诺书,具体内容和格式见本规范第二页。 论文第二页为编号专用页,用于赛区和全国评阅前后对论文进行编号,具体内容和格式见本规范第三页。 论文题目和摘要写在论文第三页上,从第四页开始是论文正文。 论文从第三页开始编写页码,页码必须位于每页页脚中部,用阿拉伯数字从“1”开始连续编号。 论文不能有页眉,论文中不能有任何可能显示答题人身份的标志。 论文题目用三号黑体字、一级标题用四号黑体字,并居中;二级、三级标题用小四号黑体字,左端对齐(不居中)。论文中其他汉字一律采用小四号宋体字,行距用单倍行距,打印时应尽量避免彩色打印。 提请大家注意:摘要应该是一份简明扼要的详细摘要(包括关键词),在整篇论文评阅中占有重要权重,请认真书写(注意篇幅不能超过一页,且无需译成英文)。全国评阅时将首先根据摘要和论文整体结构及概貌对论文优劣进行初步筛选。 引用别人的成果或其他公开的资料(包括网上查到的资料) 必须按照规定的参考文献的表述方式在正文引用处和参考文献中均明确列出。正文引用处用方括号标示参考文献的编号,如[1][3]等;引用书籍还必须指出页码。参考文献按正文中的引用次序列出,其中书籍的表述方式为:[编号] 作者,书名,出版地:出版社,出版年。参考文献中期刊杂志论文的表述方式为:[编号] 作者,论文名,杂志名,卷期号:起止页码,出版年。参考文献中网上资源的表述方式为:[编号] 作者,资源标题,网址,访问时间(年月日)。 在不违反本规范的前提下,各赛区可以对论文增加其他要求(如在本规范要求的第一页前增加其他页和其他信息,或在论文的最后增加空白页等);从承诺书开始到论文正文结束前,各赛区不得有本规范外的其他要求(否则一律无效)。 本规范的解释权属于全国大学生数学建模竞赛组委会。[注]赛区评阅前将论文第一页取下保存,同时在第一页和第二页建立“赛区评阅编号”(由各赛区规定编号方式),“赛区评阅纪录”表格可供赛区评阅时使用(各赛区自行决定是否在评阅时使用该表格)。评阅后,赛区对送全国评阅的论文在第二页建立“全国统一编号”(编号方式由全国组委会规定,与去年格式相同),然后送全国评阅。论文第二页(编号页)由全国组委会评阅前取下保存,同时在第二页建立“全国评阅编号”。全国大学生数学建模竞赛组委会2009年3月16日修订数学建模论文一般结构1摘要 (单独成页)主要理解 、主要方法、 主要结果、 主要特点 (不要图、不要表)作用:了解文件重要性,对文件有大致认识最佳页副:页面2/3。2、问题重述和分析3、问题假设假设是建模的基础,具有导向性,容易被忽视。常犯错误有缺少假设或假设不切实际。对一些关键性的或对结果有重大影响的条件或参数应该在假设中明确约定。作假设的两个原则:① 简化原则:抓住主要矛盾,舍弃次要因素,方便 数学处理。② 贴近原则:贴近实际。以上两个原则是相互制约的,要掌握好“度”。通常是先建模后假设。4、符号说明 (3.4可以合并)5、模型建立与求解(重要程度 :60%以上)6、模型检验(误差一般指均方误差)7、结果分析 (6.7可以合并)8、模型的进一步讨论 或 模型的推广9、模型优缺点10、参考文件11、附件(结果千万不能放在附件中)论文最佳页面数:15-21页 论文结构一题目摘要1.问题的重述2.合理假设3.符号约定4.问题的分析5.模型的建立与求解6.模型的评价与推广1、误差分析2、模型的改进与推广对XXXX切实可行的建议和意见:1.……2.…………7.参考文献8.附录 数学建模论文一般格式 摘要(主要理解、主要方法、主要结果、主要特点)或(背景、目标、方法、结果、结论、建议) 问题重述与分析 问题假设 符号说明 模型建立与求解 模型检验 结果分析 模型的进一步讨论 模型优缺点优秀论文要点:1. 语言精练、有逻辑性、书写有条理2. 文字与图形相结合,使内容直观、清晰、明了、容易理解3. 切忌只用文字进行说明,多运用图形或表格,并对图形或表格做精简的分析,毕竟文字性东西太过于枯燥、乏味,没人有耐性去看那么冗长的文章4. 对论文中所引用或用到的知识、软件要清晰地予以说明。5. 在附录中附上论文所必须要的一些数据(图形或表格),并将论文中所编写的程序附上去各步骤解释摘要:主要理解 、主要方法、 主要结果、 主要特点 (不要图、不要表)作用:了解文件重要性,对文件有大致认识最佳页副:页面2/3问题重述与分析: 一向导、对题意的理解、 建模的创造性创造性是灵魂,文章要有闪光点。好创意、好想法应当既在人意料之外,又在人意料之中。新颖性(独特性)与合理性皆备。误区之一:数学用得越高深,越有创造性。解决问题是第一原则,最合适的方法是最好的方法。误区之二:创造性主要体现在建模与求解上。创造性可以体现在建模的各个环节上,并且可以有多种表现形式。误区之三:好创意来自于灵感,可遇不可求。好创意来自于对数学方法的掌握程度与对问题理解的透彻程度。 表达的清晰性好的文章 = 好的内容 + 好的表达 替读者着想。该交代的要交代,如对题目的理解,关键指标或参数的引入,建模的思路,结果的分析等。 写好摘要,包括:建模主要方法、主要结果,模型主要优点。 专人负责写作,及早动手。考虑写作的过程也是构思框架、理清思路的过程,有利于从总体上把握建模的思路,反过来促进建模。 适当采用图表,增加可读性。

相关百科

热门百科

首页
发表服务