感谢培养教育我的XX学校,XX浓厚的学术氛围,舒适的学习环境我将终生难忘!祝母校蒸蒸日上,永创辉煌!祝校长财源滚滚,仕途顺利!感谢对我倾囊赐教、鞭策鼓励的XX大学X系诸位师长,诸位恩师的谆谆训诲我将铭记在心。祝恩师们身体健康,家庭幸福!感谢论文中引文的原作者,他们都是法学界的名师大家,大师风范,高山仰止。祝他们寿域无疆,德业永辉!感谢同窗好友XXX、XXX、XX、XX、XXX以及更多我无法逐一列出名字的朋友,他们和我共同度过了四年美好难忘的大学时光,我非常珍视和他们的友谊!祝他们前程似锦,事业有成!家有娇妻,外有二房!最最感谢生我养我的父母,他们给予了我最无私的爱,为我的成长付出了许多许多,焉得谖草,言树之背,养育之恩,无以回报,惟愿他们健康长寿!感谢我的牌友孙XX、杨XX、杨XX、王X、赵X,他们和我一起度过了大四无聊的时光,让我在写作之余能有很好的休闲活动。祝他们以后多培养牌坛新秀!感谢我的烟友姜X、丁X、冯XX、田XX。在我没烟抽的时候他们总能毫无吝惜的将自己的烟分给我抽,尤其是在本文写作过程中,我废寝忘食,足不出户,烟抽的很快,他们给予我很大帮助,燃上一支烟,文思如泉涌,快乐似神仙!祝他们永远都有好烟抽!最后要感谢我自己,没有自己的努力,本文是无论如何业完不成的!感谢我以最大的毅力完成了四年大学学习,在这个环境里我能洁身自爱,出淤泥而不染保持一颗纯洁的心,真的是很不容易!祝自己身体健康,权财两旺!家里红旗不倒,外面彩旗飘飘! 大学三年学习时光已经接近尾声,在此我想对我的母校,我的父母、亲人们,我的老师和同学们表达我由衷的谢意。 感谢我的家人对我大学三年学习的默默支持;感谢我的母校桂林师专给了我在大学三年深造的机会,让我能继续学习和提高;感谢桂林师专的老师和同学们三年来的关心和鼓励。老师们课堂上的激情洋溢,课堂下的谆谆教诲;同学们在学习中的认真热情,生活上的热心主动,所有这些都让我的三年充满了感动。 这次毕业论文设计我得到了很多老师和同学的帮助,其中我的论文指导老师黄志敏老师对我的关心和支持尤为重要。每次遇到难题,我最先做的就是向黄老师寻求帮助,而黄老师每次不管忙或闲,总会抽空来找我面谈,然后一起商量解决的办法。黄老师平日里工作繁多,但 我做毕业设计的每个阶段,从选题到查阅资料,论文提纲的确定,中期论文的修改,后期论文格式调整等各个环节中都给予了我悉心的指导。这几个月以来,黄老师不仅在学业上给我以精心指导,同时还在思想给我以无微不至的关怀,在此谨向黄老师致以诚挚的谢意和崇高的敬意。 同时,本篇毕业论文的写作也得到了韦芳、谭冬柳等同学的热情帮助。感谢在整个毕业设计期间和我密切合作的同学,和曾经在各个方面给予过我帮助的伙伴们,在此,我再一次真诚地向帮助过我的老师和同学表示感谢!(编辑:pulp) 大学生活一晃而过,回首走过的岁月,心中倍感充实,当我写完这篇毕业论文的时候,有一种如释重负的感觉,感慨良多。 首先诚挚的感谢我的论文指导老师**老师。她在忙碌的教学工作中挤出时间来审查、修改我的论文。还有教过我的所有老师们,你们严谨细致、一丝不苟的作风一直是我工作、学习中的榜样;他们循循善诱的教导和不拘一格的思路给予我无尽的启迪。 感谢三年中陪伴在我身边的同学、朋友,感谢他们为我提出的有益的建议和意见,有了他们的支持、鼓励和帮助,我才能充实的度过了三年的学习生活。 在本人的写作过程中,XXX老师给予了大力的帮助和指导,在此深表感谢!同时也感谢其他帮助和指导过我的老师和同学。 最后要感谢在整个论文写作过程中帮助过我的每一位人。 首先,也是最主要感谢的是我的指导老师,XXX老师。在整个过程中他给了我很大的帮助,在论文题目制定时,他首先肯定了我的题目大方向,但是同时又帮我具体分析使我最后选择失地农民的养老保险这个具体目标,让我在写作时有了具体方向。在论文提纲制定时,我的思路不是很清晰,经过老师的帮忙,让我具体写作时思路顿时清晰。在完成初稿后,老师认真查看了我的文章,指出了我存在的很多问题。在此十分感谢李老师的细心指导,才能让我顺利完成毕业论文。 其次,要感谢帮我查资料的张超同学,后期因为实习的关系,不能随时去学校的图书馆查阅资料,在此也十分感谢他能抽出时间帮我找的一些外文资料。 值此本科学位论文完成之际,首先要感谢我的导师XXX老师。X老师从一开始的论文方向的选定,到最后的整篇文论的完成,都非常耐心的对我进行指导。给我提供了大量数据资料和建议,告诉我应该注意的细节问题,细心的给我指出错误。他对分时电价领域的专业研究和对该课题深刻的见解,使我受益匪浅。X老师诲人不倦的工作作风,一丝不苟的工作态度,严肃认真的治学风格给我留下深刻的影响,值得我永远学习。在此,谨向导师XXX老师致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢!My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor aaa , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not havereached its present , I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor aaa, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Professor dddd, Professor ssss, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.
Market Research and Export Promotion Export Marketing Plan The marking plan is the basis on which all the overseas promotion is formulated. To devise the marketing plan involves reconciling the export strategies and objectives of the manufacturer into marketing marketing plan embraces many elements including market research project, promotion/advertising details, products involved and their quantity available, distribution arrangements and total volume/value of goods Where relevant, various costing information should be included, particularly the research and advertising budget. Overall; the plan must be realistic and should have a clear sense of purpose and direction Export Market Research Before making goods for a new overseas market, as in the home trade, it is necessary to discover first of all if the goods can be sold profitably in that market. To answer that question is one of the objects of market research. Export market research, in particular, is a study of a given market abroad to determine the needs of that market and the methods by which the products; can best be supplied. It may be carried out to determine: 1. If a new product likely to find a market. 2. Whether an established product is likely to meet with a good demand in a new market. sales of a product have declined, either generally or in a certain area Here, in this chapter is laid on the first point: Market research is vital to success in overseas Markets To look for a suitable market an exporter must consider, for example: and Economic Conditions Countries with different political and economic systems take different attitudes toward foreign trade policies and regulations concerning import and export,foreign exchange control,customs, duties and other tariffs will greatly affect the suitability for a new market. and Climatic Conditions The suitability of his products: heavy clothing is not worn in hot climates; mountaineering equipment would not be in demand in a flat country. 3. Social Conditions If there is a low standard.of living with poor wage levels, there nay be no market for television sets or cars or luxury products. It may be desirable, even necessary,for price lists and sales promotion literature to be translated into a local language,with local units of measurement 5 and of the survey questionnaire and in the interviewing process. Surveys may be very expensive, and they are time--consuming: Another key weakness is that respondents often cannot or will not give true answers. The interviewing in the survey may be done by the researcher in person, by telephone, or by mail. Interviews Personal interviews are more flexible than the other two types because interviews can alter the questions to fit-the situation as they see it: They are able to probe snore deeply if an answer is not satisfactory. Ordinarily, it is possible to obtain more information by personal interview .than by telephone: or mail. Also, the interview can by observation; obtain data regarding the respondents'socioeconomic status-their home ,neighborhood, and apparent standard of living. The major limitations of this method of interviewing are its relative high cost, the length of time needed to conduct the survey, and the chance of introducing ,errors during the interviewing. 2. Telephone Survey In a telephone survey, the respondent, is approached by telephone, and interview is completed at that time. Telephone surveys can usually be conducted more rapidly and at less cost than either personal or mail surveys. Tele: phone surveys are lees flexible than personal Interviews, but more flexible than mail survey. Another significant advantage is that a telephone. survey -may be timely. For instance, people may be asked whether they are watching television at the moment and; if so, the name of the program and the sponsor. One limitation of the telephone survey is that interviews must be short: Lengthy interviews cannot be conducted satisfactorily over the phone. by Mail Interviewing by mail involves mailing a questionnaire to potential respondents and having them return the completed form by mail. Mailed questionnaires ape more economical than personal interviews and are particularly useful in national surveys,Also, if the respondents remain anonymous, they are more likely to give true answers because they do not feel the need to impress the interviewer. A major problem with mail' questionnaires is the Compilation of a good mailing list, especially for a broad-scale survey. If the sample can be drawn from a limited list, such as property taxpayers in certain counties or subscribers to a magazine, the list presents no significant limitation concerns the reliability of the questionnaire returns, Particularly when the returns are-anonymous. If the respondents have characteristics that 6 differentiate them from nonrespondents, the survey results will be invalid. Further,the questionnaire must be reasonably shorted the questions very simple; there is no to explain in a puzzling question. Ideally :Yes.'' or“No" or prechoice type of :produces the best results. Here is an example: Questionnaire for Market_Research on Smoking A. Do you smoke cigarettes? Yes/No (If No,terminate) B How. many do you smoke a day? C. What size of cigarette do you smoke ? Mini ,Standard ,Large D. Do you smoke filter tips.? Yes/No E. Do you smoke menthol cigarettes?一Yes/No Observational Method In the observational method, the data are collected by observing some action of the respondent: No interviews are involved, although an interview may be used as a follow-up to-get additional information. For instance,if customers are observed buying beer in cans instead of bottles; they may be asked; why they prefer that one form of packaging to the other. Information may be gathered by personal or mechanical observation. In one form of personal observation the researcher poses as a customer in a store. This technique is useful in getting information about the caliber of the -sales people,or in determining what brands they push. Mechanical observation is illustrated by an electric cord stretched across a high way to count the number一of cars that pass during a certain time period The observation method has several merits. It can be highly accurate.Often it removes a11 doubt about what the customer does in: a given, situation. The consumers are unaware that they are being observed; so presumably they action theft usual fashion. The observation technique reduces interviewer bias. However, the possibility of bias is not- completely eliminated as long as people are used as :observers. Another disadvantage is that the technique is limited in its application. Observation tells what happened; but it cannot tell why. It cannot delve into motives, attitudes,or opinions. Experimental Method The experimental method of gathering primary data involves the establishment of a controlled experiment that stimulates the real market situation as much as possible. The theory is that' the small-scale experiment will furnish valuable information f tar designing a large scale marketing program. 7 The experimental method may be used in several different ways. In one instance, a firm may manufacture a few units of a product and give them to employees or consumers to try out: Probably the major application of the experimental method has been in market testing. This technique consist establishing a control market, in which all factors remain constant and one or more test markets,in which one factor is varied. A firm may be trying to determine whether to change the color of its city A, the product is marketed in its traditional color. In each of cities B, C, and D, a different color is used. All other factor are kept constant. By measuring sales in the four market over a period of time;.the manufacturer, hopes to determine which color is most effective. The outstanding merit of the experimental method is it realism. It is the only one of the three methods of gathering primary data that stimulate an actual maket situation. The problem is that it is requires long periods of careful planning and administration. Analyze the Data and Prepare a Report The final steps in market research project are to analyze the data and interpret the findings. Information gathered from market research is a guide to the invention,production and sales of the products for which there is a market. Today sophisticated electronic data processing equipment enables a researcher to tabulate and analyze masses of data quickly, and inexpensively. The end product of the investigation is the researcher's conclusion and recommendations, submitted, in written form on which the company's policy and proceedings concerning export promotion are based. Export Promotion-Advertising After deciding there are good prospects, for his goods abroad through the study of the market research investigation, the maker or the exporter will, of course; take measures to promote, exporting of the goods to that market. A most important measure in this respect is to advertise; the aid to trade that deals with the problem of giving information about the goods and 0helps to put buyers and sellers in touch with one another. By means of advertisements a supplier, tells people what goods he has for sale and emphasizes their good points in the hope that people will buy them. Advertising can, be undertaken by the company's sales or publicity department; or an advertising agcy is to be.engaged as an adviser. Purpose of Advertising Inform 8 Advertising can be used to place facts before public. An advertisement for a car may include some technical details, so that part of the advertisement is informative. Another advertisement may be .entirely informative,such as the announcement of the opening of a new To Persuade although the advertisement for the car may give some facts, its over-all objective is to persuade people to buy the car. To do this various subtle methods may be used. The illustration, for instance; may give an exaggerated impression of the car's power The wording and the lay-out may be designed to appeal to the emotion rather than the mind: If you study some advertisement for practical products, you will find that they contain little or no technical information. One would not expect to find a .scientific analysis in an' advertisement for a cake of toilet soap, of course, but an examination of advertisement for. medicinal goods will show that the appeal is mainly to the : To Remind Some advertisements aim merely to keep the name of :the product before the public. A newspaper advertisement may consist of only a picture of a packet of cigarettes; a bus may carry,the name of an insurance company; a poster may display a well-known advertising phrase. They say nothing but serve a useful. purpose in constantly reminding the public of, the, name of the product Advertising Media The term "media" means the forms used 'to carry advertisement. The choice of media depends upon the product and the audience the advertisement is aimed at For example, very few people are interested in coins. A coin dealer would want to appeal to that small number of people and to no one else. He would therefore advertise in a magazine which most coin enthusiasts read. The cost of advertising in newspapers large depends upon the circulation of each a newspaper sells a million copies, it is possible (although not probable) that a million people will read an advertisement in it. Some pages in a newspaper are more expensive to advertise in than are others, because most people will read the general news pages but only some will the pages devoted to sport, fashion, the arts; etc. Different一types of people read different newspapers, so an advertiser will use those papers whose readers are likely to be possible buyers of his products. For example, an art gallery would not advertise in a "popular" news paper because few of its readers would be likely to be visitors to art galleries. 2 Magazines The same principles about which media to use also apply to magazines. There are magazines which men read, those which women read and those which both read. Within each 9 group there is specialization, so that one magazine will be read by one "social group" and not by another. 3. Radio and Television These are the most、expensive of advertising media. A broadcast at a "peak time"will be heard or seen by millions of people: If only a tiny fraction of them respond, the huge cost twill have been justified. One reason for the success of such advertising is that it is difficult to ignore. A broadcast will be heard: or seen by everyone using a radio or television set; even if only subconsciously, it will make an impression. On the other hand, when you read a newspaper or a magazine you will not even notice most of the advertisements A radio or television advertisement must make an instant appeal. There may be only 30 seconds to get the message across; so its impacts must be immediate. 4 Outdoor Advertising This includes posters, advertisements on vans and buses and in trains. The message must be simple and short, perhaps with an immediately recognizable illustration. Selection of Customers-Credit information Once the overseas' market has been found, the next step is to look for suitable customers with whom the maker or exporter expects to establish good business relationships. Undoubtedly, he wishes to deal with those customers of high credit standing, and that is one of the chief factors to consider at the tune of setting up new business information about the credit or financial standing of an overseas trader can be obtained from various sources. They are chiefly banks, trade associations professional credit information services, and consulates abroad. Upon application for or on receipt of letters asking for the credit standing of the foreign trader in question these organizations are willing to provide, without any responsibility on their part,a credit or financial report on the trader, which is usually considered as private and confidential. The report is based on the relative references, files, and records they have kept or on the result of an investigation made accordingly. In view of the financial or credit status stated or recommended in the report alongside of other factors the maker .or manufacturer may freely consider the intended customer acceptable or not.
我打赌100都没人来翻
毕业论文用英语的翻译:毕业 论文 迅捷在线翻译:Graduation (毕业) thesis(论文)参考一下
可以再你的手机应用商场里下载专业的转文字软件app,比如讯飞听见,选中要转文字的音频,按照步骤操作就可以了的,这类的软件使用都是蛮方便的。
"论文翻译软件哪个好",哪些软件是我们想要的呢,下面深空小编就跟您推荐几款比较合适的软件或者app给您参考。1. 论文翻译 软件类型:安卓APP 软件介绍:论文翻译是一款技术专业强劲的翻译手机软件,支持拍照翻译、文档翻译、视频语音翻译等多种多样翻译方式,协助您轻轻松松提升_言天然屏障。2. SCI Translate(论文翻译软件) 软件类型:电脑软件 软件介绍:写毕业论文是主要是为客户提供论文写作服务的系统软件,在这儿不但有很多不要钱的论文参考,也有专业性的知名老师给你线上指导创作,更提供大学毕业论文范文和文章推荐发布服务,适用毕业论文文章查重服务,使你论文5. 论文检测软件 软件类型:电脑软件 软件介绍:知益(先锋)论文检测查重软件是一款免费的论文检测查重软件,知益(先锋)论文检测查重软件操作简单,功能实用,可以帮助用户下载论文,自动修改,检测论文。以及批量检测论文,和论文评分报表。
随着毕业季的结开始,各位本科生也开始了毕业论文的创作,在论文写作过程中我们肯定需要查询国内外该领域的论文,英文翻译因此也是必不可少的,不论是汉译英还是英译汉都在科研中有很重要的作用。
今天,笔者将对常见的在线翻译工具进行评估,希望你能找到最合适的翻译助手。
大名鼎鼎的Baidu翻译,也是我在论文创作是最常用的翻译工具。
这款软件的整体翻译效果无功无过,英汉翻译部分与GOOGLE类似,但其不会将论文里的Milk无脑翻译成牛奶。汉英翻译部分的翻译更加口语化,尤其是在SCI写作中,不推荐将汉英翻译后的文字直接使用。
MC推出的翻译引擎,也是edge browser内置的全网页翻译引擎,具有与Google类似的翻译效果。
在英汉翻译中,与Google翻译相比,一些句子的语序翻译更接近汉语的表达方式,但从句的翻译效果不如Google翻译。
与Google相比,汉英翻译水平并不理想。然而,与Google翻译一样,它也是浏览器的内置翻译引擎,专注于翻译的速度和便利性。
作为一款入门级翻译软件,Google翻译基本上是家喻户晓的名字。Google浏览器内置了完整网页翻译引擎,无论是汉英翻译还是英汉翻译,都能基本满足科研需要。
然而,它也会犯一些常见的错误。例如,当从英文翻译成中文时,它会将乳脂翻译成牛奶。
但是,由于其广泛的适用性,Google翻译是相当好的快速阅读或粗略翻译文件的工具。
以上是笔者使用各种翻译工具与大家分享的一些感受和经验。最后,我希望每个人都能根据自己的领域找到适合自己的翻译软件。
1、CNKI翻译助手
CNKI翻译助手是“中国知网”开发的大型在线辅助翻译系统,词汇、句子均可进行翻译检索。系统对翻译请求中的每个词给出准确翻译和解释,同时给出大量与翻译请求在结构上相似、内容上相关的例句。120余万常用词汇、专业词汇、词条以及1000余万例句,形成海量中英在线词典和双语平行语料库。内容涵盖自然、社会科学的各个领域。
2、Google语言工具
Google语言工具界面更友好。不仅支持中文与英文互译,也可以直接与英、法、德、等大语种或捷克、朝鲜语等小语种进行语无伦次的互译。可自动检测语言。在进行翻译时可选择·检测语言·的选项,Google会自动猜测语言的种类,省却很多麻烦。总得来说google的翻译功能很强大。
3、微软WindowsLive在线翻译
这是软件专门用于提供翻译服务的网站,微软的翻译还是相当准确的,每次最多翻译500字,同时也提供网站全站翻译,支持多种语言。
4、海词在线词典
海词在线词典由在美国印第安纳大学的中国留学生范剑淼创建。正式使用于2003年11月27日(美国的感恩节)。词汇主要由计算机生成,准确性相对爱词霸弱,但是它提供了大量例句并且有发音,可以帮助矫正发音问题。海词也提供了大量的小工具,你可以把它们添加到你的博客或者个人网站上来增加更多丰富多彩的功能。
5、百度词典
百度词典的释义来自译典通,并且没有太大改进,无拼写提示无发音,基本上没有什么特点。类似于Handbook一类的工具书。
paper中文翻译如下:
n. 纸;文件;报纸;论文;票据;壁纸。
v. 用纸包;用纸糊;贴壁纸。
adj. 纸制的;似纸的;有名无实的。
读音:英 ['peɪpə(r)];美 ['peɪpər]。
例句:
1、That paper has yellowed with age.那张纸因年代久远而泛黄了。
2、It's just a paper promise.这只是一纸空文的保证。
3、I need a paper box.我需要一个纸盒子。
paper用法:
paper的基本意思是“纸”,通常用作物质名词,不可数。如表示可数性,则须借助于单位词。“一小张纸”是a piece of paper; “一大张标准尺寸的纸”是a sheet of paper。
paper作“写过字的纸”解时,是可数名词,有复数形式。paper也可作“报纸”“文件”“证件”“试卷”“论文”等解,可用复数形式。
paper的基本意思是用纸贴或用纸覆盖,引申可表示“隐瞒,掩饰”。用作及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语。
UNESCO has proposed: "developed and underdeveloped countries, is the gap between developed and creativity to develop creativity, eliminate to shorten the gap of." This is undoubtedly education workers in an important warning: must pay attention to the cultivation of students' creative thinking ability. But in the old, traditional education curriculum standards are followed blindly the concept and content of the theorem ZhiXu tile ground to give students the knowledge, the generation, development and generating process does not show students to cultivate students' thinking and habits plan-making, students are not good at thinking, the lack of independent thinking and understanding of the problems and solutions that promote their insight into music, creativity, which greatly restrain the development of students' creative thinking ability. The traditional education model have not meet the needs of the rapid development of social education reform, therefore, become inevitable. The new curriculum standard, the basic goal, teaching content and structure of the present teaching, student learning is a significant change, the new curriculum standards for students in mathematics learning various aspects ability to improve the students' mathematical ability and innovation, practical, including the cultivation of students' creative thinking ability is one of the main methods. This paper aims to study the specific teaching strategy, creative thinking ability of four and the cultivation of thinking ability, logical thinking ability and negative thinking, divergent thinking ability and intuition thinking : creative thinking ability, New standard, Teaching strategy
我的回答仅供参考:Abstract:Modern pace of life is gradually accelerated, accompanied by live, work, learning from the pressure of the Quartet, people seeking easy, leisurely attitude to the clothes on top to slowly show. Practices and trends aside annoying constraints, began seeking a comfortable, natural new , the casual clothing such as a scourge in apparel like the perfect chapter opened, now has become the vigorous development of fast Internet, online shopping boom will be rolling in, so the network is also increasingly diverse products together. Take casual clothing, for example, a search engine to easily find thousands of small and large network of shops, clothing and styles is diverse. However, in this fierce competition, the enterprise is how to survive?How to beat the tens of thousands of opponents? Understanding of e-business friends should know that the network set up its own brand is not an easy thing, the various limitations of it as network operators face a major problem. However, this conundrum is the key to beating the competition.
你好,论文的前言也叫引言,是正文前面的一段短文,前言是论文的开场白,目的是向读者说明本研究的来龙去脉,吸引读者对本篇论文产生兴趣,对正文起到提纲挈领和引导阅读兴趣的作写,前言钱应该明白几个基本问题,你想通过本人说明什么,有哪些发现,是否有学术价值?一般读者读了前言之后可以清楚知道,作者选择了什么样的题目进行研究,因此在写前言以前应该尽可能了解相关内容,收集前任和别人已有的工作和资料,说明本研究设想的合理性,所以可以找一些资料网站
引言作为论文的开头,以简短的篇幅介绍论文的写作背景和目的起源和提出研究要求的现实情况,以及相关领域内前人所做的工作和研究概况,可以点名本文的理论依据,实验基础和研究方法,简单的阐述研究内容,三言两语预示本研究的结果,意义和前景,但不必要展开讨论,也可以查阅一些最新期刊
前言写作方法有开门见山不绕圈子,避免大篇幅讲述历史渊源和例题研究过程,注意要严厉该突出重点,不应该过多的叙述同行所熟知的及教科书中的常识内容,回顾历史,要有重点,内容要紧扣文章标题,围绕标题介绍背景,用几句话概述即可
第一,那就是你为什么要选择这个题目——选题。选题问题可能涉及到你的研究兴趣以及以后的研究方向,所以你要好好回答,如果你已经有了明确的研究方向并且之前已经认真了解过的话其实可以大胆告诉导师,如果还没有确定研究方向也不要紧,可以和老师说说你的选题来源以及之前搜集过的资料。第二,你的这个论文的价值是什么——价值。论文价值问题可能是老师想考察你对于现实的关注以及思考问题的能力,这一部分可以回答一些论文的现实意义之类的。第三,你的论文的理论基础是什么——理论基础。理论基础考查的就是你的专业能力以及基础知识的掌握程度了,所以一定要提前准备好,不能理论部分还犯一些错误,一定要扎扎实实地回答好老师的问题,老师们都喜欢踏实的学生。第四,你是如何查找相关文献,形成你的文献综述的——文献综述。文献综述是写论文前必做的功课,只有大量地阅读之前的研究论文才能对自己的研究有一个更好的把握,文献综述可以看出你的研究能力以及搜集资料的能力。可以多积累一些查找学术论文的网站,如果有阅读过外文文献会更加分哦。第五、你的毕业论文进行的研究方法是什么——研究方法。一些专业在初试中可能不会重点考察研究方法问题,但是在研究实践中研究方法却是基础,所以基础研究方法还没掌握的同学可要好好补补课了,不然没有研究方法怎么做毕业论文的研究啊。第六,我们进行毕业论文的研究思路,或者你的毕业论文的整体思路是怎样的——思路。这就是考察你的语言表达能力了,毕竟毕业论文动辄几千字,而你要将你的思路清晰地传达给面试老师,所以一定要简练明确,有什么就说什么就好。最后一个,那就是你认为你的这篇毕业论文优点和缺点是什么。关于毕业论文的优缺点,优点你可以大胆说,只要不过分夸张就好,缺点部分可以说“研究不太深入,但在研究生阶段会进一步深入研究的”,向老师展现你的研究热情和决心。
毕业论文外文翻译是在网上找到一篇与你论文主旨相关的英文文章,然后自己翻译过来,篇幅必须长一点,因为一般毕业设计都要有字数限制。
本科毕业设计(论文)外文翻译基本规范:
一、要求
1、与毕业论文分开单独成文。
2、两篇文献。
二、基本格式
1、文献应以英、美等国家公开发表的文献为主(Journals from English speaking countries)。
2、毕业论文翻译是相对独立的,其中应该包括题目、作者(可以不翻译)、译文的出处(杂志的名称)(5号宋体、写在文稿左上角)、关键词、摘要、前言、正文、总结等几个部分。
3、文献翻译的字体、字号、序号等应与毕业论文格式要求完全一致。
4、文中所有的图表、致谢及参考文献均可以略去,但在文献翻译的末页标注:图表、致谢及参考文献已略去(见原文)。(空一行,字体同正文)
5、原文中出现的专用名词及人名、地名、参考文献可不翻译,并同原文一样在正文中标明出处。
三、毕业论文(设计)外文翻译的内容要求
外文翻译内容必须与所选课题相关,外文原文不少于6000个印刷符号。译文末尾要用外文注明外文原文出处。
原文出处:期刊类文献书写方法:[序号]作者(不超过3人,多者用等或et al表示).题(篇)名[J].刊名(版本),出版年,卷次(期次):起止页次。
原文出处:图书类文献书写方法:[序号]作者.书名[M].版本.出版地:出版者,出版年.起止页次。
原文出处:论文集类文献书写方法:[序号]作者.篇名[A].编著者.论文集名[C]. 出版地:出版者,出版年.起止页次。
要求有外文原文复印件。
扩展资料:
文献翻译要求
1、翻译要注重专业、准确
文献翻译涵盖许许多多的学科,每一学科都有自己的专业术语。比如,从事专利文献翻译的译者必须对相关专业术语有着深入的了解和清楚的把握,这样才能用专业、准确、规范的语言翻译出来。
2、翻译要注重知识更新
文献翻译涉及到各种学科,这些学科的发展是与时俱进的。因此,译员也要与时俱进,随时掌握最新的知识,这样才能更好地胜任翻译任务。
3、翻译要注重本地化
无论是将国外的文献翻译进来,还是将国内的文献介绍出去,翻译时都必须注意语言的本地化,符合目标语言的习惯。
4、翻译要注重语言严谨、流畅
文献翻译一方面讲究语言的严谨科学,逻辑的连贯严密,另一方面它也注重文字尽可能的优美流畅。因此,这类翻译对译者的目标语言使用能力是一种挑战。
参考资料:百度百科-文献翻译
大学论文是为对本专业学生集中进行科学研究训练而要求学生在毕业前总结性独立作业、撰写的论文,也是对某一专业领域的现实问题或理论问题进行科学研究探索的具有一定意义的论文。论文题目由教师指定或由学生提出,经教师同意确定。均应是本专业学科发展或实践中提出的理论问题和实际问题。通过这一环节,应使学生受到有关科学研究选题,查阅、评述文献,制订研究方案,设计进行科学实验或社会调查,处理数据或整理调查结果,对结果进行分析、论证并得出结论,撰写论文等项初步训练。
一、定义:所谓论文就是讨论某种问题或研究某种问题的文章。它的外延是文章,其内涵是讨论问题和研究问题,因此,它是一种说理文章。这里着重是要理解“讨论”和“研究”,这是论文的本质属性。二、分类:一是科研论文。就是对某个问题进行调查研究,写成的调查报告;对某种问题进行科学实验后,写成的实验报告;对某项经验进行总结,并上升的理论高度写成的经验报告。他们共同的特征是有明确的研究对象和明确的实践过程,反映了撰写者已进行的实践与研究过程。它们往往通过测量、统计数据、事例旁证等进行定性定量分析。如果作为一个课题研究,那就是研究报告。二是学术论文。它是对某个问题尚未进行实验或实践,但依赖与某种理论或查阅文献资料,在理论上进行构想、探索,提出策略性思考的论文。或对某一理论问题进行思辩性思考的论文。上述两类论文不一定完全是独立的个体,不存在截然划分的界线。
还是人工比较好
论文(Paper)或:dissertation(论文)或:thesis(论文)经常说的:)~Englishdissertation(英语论文)Graduationthesis(毕业论文)
有道、google均可,但是翻译完之后自己最好读一遍,有些是直译,所以语句不太通顺
用GOOGLE翻译,,然后自己在修改