作为一个工科生,在全国人民抗击病毒宅在家里的这段时期迎来自己最长的一个寒假。但是,学习科研不能因为寒假过长而落下,现在结合目前在看的一篇论文,给广大在读(ke)学(yan)生(gou)分享一下快速看完一篇英文论文的方法~
-上海交大研一在读,一作EI论文1篇已录用 -研究方向为复杂装备的状态检测、可靠性
在阅读一篇论文时,首先要搞清楚英文论文的 结构 ,主要分为以下部分: - Abstract 论文摘要。摘要部分出现在论文的最前面,因此也最为重要,需要重点阅读。
- Introduction 介绍。介绍论文研究的背景、研究对象等信息,对不熟悉背景的同学有引导的作用。有时还包括研究方法论的系统介绍。
- Methodology 方法论。主要介绍研究采用的算法(研究方法)的原理、创新点。
- Experiment & Result 实验和结果展示。这部分结合研究方法进行实验(计算机实验、力学实验等等),对实验数据、结果进行展示分析,通常以图表的形式呈现。
- Conclusion 结论。通过对实验结果的分析,对全文的结论进行总结和强调。
- Reference 参考文献。一般来说参考文献可以不看。但在判断论文质量的时候可以起到作用,参考文献越多,文献越权威,可以判断该论文的质量越好(当然期刊级别也可以判断,所以尽量不要看水刊哦)
对于阅读一篇英文论文的顺序,不同的同学会有不同的喜好。从个人的角度来说,我的顺序通常时 Abstract ->( Introduction )-> Conclusion -> Experiment & Result -> Methodology 采用这样的顺序原因如下: -摘要部分展示了最主要的背景和结论,应该重点阅读,当发现摘要展示的内容和我们的期望/研究对象不相符,可以直接跳过该论文。
-对研究背景了解可以直接跳过 Introduction 部分,该部分主要是结合研究背景来强调研究的重要性(每个研究者当然都会说自己的研究重要)。当然不熟悉研究背景还是可以看一看~
-结论部分重申了重要的结论和重要的实验结果,对于这些结论,我们会感到好奇,究竟是怎么得到的?如果论文得出的都是我们不感兴趣的(与我们的研究对象不相关)的结论,可以直接跳过该论文。
-在结论部分我们发现了令我们感兴趣的结论,于是我们可以回到实验和结果展示部分,仔细研究实验和结果展示的图、表。作者为什么要绘制这些图表?作者通过怎样的实验得到了这些图和表?
-最后阅读方法论部分。对于我而言,这样可以省去被数学公式、物理原理难住的时间。如果确定论文的方法可行,适合自己的研究,再弄懂这一部分。此时最好再借助一些博客和工具书,详细理解公式的推导过程。
总的来说就是: 1.通读摘要、(背景介绍)、结论,确认是否为自己感兴趣(相关)的方向、方法。 2.阅读实验和结果展示部分,了解实验是如何进行的,数据进行了怎样的处理和分析。 3.确定论文研究方法可借鉴,再阅读方法论,彻底理解方法论的公式推导。如果并不想采用论文的研究方法,这一部分的阅读也可省去。
现在以目前正读的一篇会议论文 Wind Turbine Structural Health Monitoring: A Short Investigation Based on SCADA Data 来简单介绍一下这个过程。
可以看出,斜体部分是介绍整篇论文的背景。(另外,如果有同学摘要阅读困难的话建议谷歌翻译哦)介绍了海上风场的日益增长,然而海上风场的运维费用昂贵,因此,海上风机的状态监测具有重要性。粗体部分介绍的是论文采用的方法:首先用机器学习方法绘制出每个风机的功率曲线,再用其他风机的功率值去预测某个风机的功率值,并且对比了 神经网络和高斯过程 两种方法。
由于摘要中的背景比较详细了,我们可以直接跳过 Introduction 部分直接看 Conclusion 。
结论部分是对摘要部分未说明完全的部分更详细的补充。斜体进一步扩充了摘要的内容:采用了 神经网络和高斯过程 对48个风机进行了功率曲线建模,接着采用每个风机的模型对其他风机的功率进行预测,得到了均方误差(MSE errors)的混淆矩阵(confusion matrix)。粗体部分详细分析了结果:所有的模型很稳健,最高的均方误差为,接着分析了最高均方根误差产生的原因(采用风机4的模型预测风机3)。强调了产生的混淆矩阵可以作为风机异常状态监测的基线值,可以结合控制图来监测整个风场的运行状态。最后的斜体字强调了一下未来可能的研究工作。
通过结论,我们大概知道了论文的研究方法。接着可以去看论文的实验和结果展示部分。
从结论我们看出,最重要的结果是 神经网络和高斯过程 均方误差的混淆矩阵,所以这里只找这两个图就好;果不其然,在文章的正中间找到了。
我们再来看看作者给出对应的分析(神经网络):
和结论部分类似,说明了模型稳健,最大的均方误差在5左右,发生在位于风场最外排的风机3和风机4之间。
这里说明了当风机未正常工作时,MSE的值非常高。混淆矩阵图展示了一个风机正常工作的潜在阈值,可以用来进行单个风机或整个风场的状态监测。
这部分可以说就是论文结论部分的拓展。
当看完这些之后,我们再思考,这个方法/实验可以用到我们的问题中去吗?如何实现?这时就可以进一步结合其他的参考资料了解一下神经网络回归、高斯过程回归、MSE的计算和混淆矩阵的生成这些问题啦!
到此,一篇论文读完。
参考文献 Papatheou E, Dervilis N, Maguire E, et al. Wind turbine structural health monitoring: a short investigation based on SCADA data[C]. 2014. 原文链接
这篇文章如果对你有帮助的话请点个赞哦~
首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。 其次,细读题材,各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读四六级每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。
做英语阅读理解的时候,确实有很多的答题技巧,下面就是我归纳的一些答题技巧。
第一。找到选择项中和替代词汇含义同样或者类似的选相,这便是回答!
(1)假如该词语是简易词语,则其字面含义非常大或许不是标准答案。
(2)英文阅读理解关键是考察学生们是不是能依据上、下文做出准确的判定。
(3)词语题的标准答案常常蕴含在全文该词语出现的周边。注意不能靠英语单词词义直接往下推。
(4)找寻时要留意同位语、特别标点(例如分号,分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是方式上的并列便是语义上的并列,就是两句话的含义一样,因此可用其中一句话的含义来推想另一句话的含义由此推出所给词语含义)、定语从句、前后缀,尤其要留意找寻时的异性准则。
第二根据全文的含义进行三错一对的判定。
先不要进行推论,若有个选择项跟全文的含义大同小异,则该选择项一定是标准答案。推论题不是考察学生们天马行空的想象力,它实际上是考察学生们是不是读透阅读里的某几个点所涉及到的问题。
第三串线法:抓首段和别的各段的第一句话,把其含义连接成一个总体。
要注意总结性的提醒词汇与转换词,尤其要留意中心句。(关键对于自然段少的文章,对于自然段多的文章,主题题最好联系中心句,找一个与中心句最接近的。)
第四主题题错误选择项的扰乱特点是:
(1)部分讯息,即选择项的内容低于文章的内容;
(2)范畴过宽,即选择项的内容超过文章的内容。
第五最关键的便是重归全文,在文中找到题目地理位置,分析语言环境然后给出回答。
以上就是我根据个人的经验,进行总结的关于英语阅读理解的解题技巧,虽然没有达到九大点但是也有非常多的技巧可以学习了,希望采纳。
英语当中的阅读理解题型是很多同学很头痛的一件事情。因为它如影随形,只要有英语考试的地方,肯定就会出现阅读理解题目。更重要的是,它占的分值非常大。就以高中为例,高中150分分值的话。阅读理解再有40分。分值之大也可以看出它的重要性了。如何提高阅读理解能力呢?
第一,提高自己的基础知识。因为阅读理解是整个篇幅文章,所以里面的词汇比较多。正常情况下,一篇阅读理解都会有两三百个单词。所以第一步要过的是词汇量问题。尤其是一些在阅读当中出现频率比较高的词汇。对词汇这一部分要首先攻克,不要让它成为阅读当中的拦路虎或者是障碍。
关于语法关,也是要过的。因为需要对长难句的分析。英语阅读理解题目当中经常会发现非常长的一个句子。有的时候甚至上下达到三行之长。这个时候就应该有最基本的语法知识。把这个句子精简,瞬间找到它的主干。同时,把每一个修饰成分把归类。
第二,把握阅读理解的技巧。
步骤分为几个方面。
如果有标题的阅读理解,先看一下标题了解大意。没有的,先看后面的题目。其实通过几个问题的设置。也可以大体上了解这篇阅读理解是讲述什么的,重点强调什么?做到心中有数。
然后,带着问题来初读文章。把出现问题当中对应的关键句子或者短语甚至段落,把它标出来。
接着,把问题和文章进行对照一下。也就是我们通常课文中要求把精读和泛读结合起来。
第三,根据不同的题型,把握注意事项。例如句子大意的题目,问main idea,问的是整个段落来,乃至于整篇文章的大体的意思。就不能选择是细节的那个答案。文章如果是推理判断题目。就不能找跟文章一模一样的句子。应该找出原文中的某一句话的言外之意。一定必须是推出来的。猜词题也要注意。前后有一些细节提示。像同义词,近义词,反义词加上连词。定语从句。同位语。破折号都显得很重要。尤其是代词。代替的是本剧或者上句当中出现的某一个单词或短语,有可能是句子。细节题。要把握的是关键词。一定要注意一下题干当中有没有出现。一些特别限制范围的。副词。或者其他的介词短语。包括形容词。很多时候,这些都是干扰项。具体来说:
1.猜词中间的指代题:
①返回原文,找出文章里面的指代词。
②向上搜索,找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找,找不到再找次近的,一般答案不会离得太远)。
③将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词,看其意思是否通顺。
④将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较,找出最佳答案。
2 .猜生词或者熟词生义:
①返回原文,找出该词汇出现的地方。
②确定该词汇的词性
③从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找),代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合适
④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相,即答案
注意:寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号,分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上的并列,也就是两句话的意思相同,所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀,特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如:让猜一个名词词组(动词词组)的意思,我们就向上向下搜索名词词组(动词词组)。
3. 理解题
①返回原文找到每个句子对应的原句。
②对原句进行精确分析(找主干),应该重点抓原句的含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定,则依据上下文进行判断。注意:局部含义是由整体决定的。
③一般来说,选项中的正确答案与原句意思不会完全相同,很多时候用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。
④句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征:半对半错。
4.推理题:“最近原则”
①题干出现比较多的单词:learn,infer,imply,refer
②看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题一般通过题干能定位,我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。
③依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理,若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样,则该选项必然是正确答案。推理题不是考察我们的想象力,它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。因此,不推的比推的好;推的近的比推的远的要好。
注意:做题时不能想得太多,推得过远。是否把原文读懂才是关键。
5. 主旨题:
①主旨题的标志:mainly about,mainly discuss,the best title
②串线法:抓首段和其余各段的第一句话,把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词,特别要注意中心句。(主要针对自然段少的文章;针对自然段多的文章,主旨题最好联系中心句。找一个和中心句最贴近的)
③小心首段陷阱。
④主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是:在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时,试着从选项出发,想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容,然后把它与文章的内容比较,接近的即为正确选项。
6.作者态度题:
①标志性的单词:attitude
②应精确理解四个选项的含义。
③不要掺杂自己的观点。
④可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。如:fortunately,excessively,toomany.
注意:做作者态度题时特别注意:首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。
7.判断题:
①看否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。
②每个选项都应返回原文,不能凭主观印象进行判断。
③要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系(做题是要看清题目)。
8.细节题:
看完题目回到原文,重叠原文,得出答案
干扰项特点:
①无中生有(未提及的概念);
②正反混淆(选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反); 过分绝对;
③所答非所问(虽然选项的说法没有问题,符合原文,但和题干搭不上边)
④常识判断; 扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly);
⑤推得过远;
⑥偏离中心; 因果倒置;
⑦变换词性。
第四,把握阅读理解的时间。
一般正常情况下,一篇阅读理解。刚开始练的时候可能是十分钟或者以上。但是如果练得比较多的,基本上八分钟左右完成。尤其在第一篇A篇广告类别,更是六分钟时间就够拿下来。相对而言,初中的阅读理解。可能多一些时间。是10到20分钟吧!
阅读理解。提到时间问题,那就一定要进行过多的练习。当你的基础足够了,语法点也足够了。那么接下来就是勤学苦练。不仅要把自己的准确率提高,更要把速度提上去,这样才能够做到有的放矢。毕竟,熟能生巧。
英语阅读理解技巧如下:
1、先看问题再读
带着问题阅读文章。阅读材料问题的设置往往都非常巧妙,它集中反映了文章的基本信息,先把问题看一遍,带着问题阅读全文,能有针对性的切入,找到突破点。
2、标出主题句
找准主题句,把握文章脉络。主题句对全文起到提示、启迪、概括和归纳的作用,一些主旨大意题、归纳概括题等,往往可以直接从主题句中找到答案。
3、标出关键词。
关键词能反应文中的主要事实和特定细节,大部分是名词、动词或其他重要的修饰词,在阅读时可以把他们标注出来。此外,还要特别注意and、or等表示并列关系的词和but、however、ontheotherhand、though等表示转折关系的词,以及so、therefore、sothat等表示因果关系的词。
4、遇到生词先推测生词的意思不要着急查资料
在阅读文章时,难免会碰到不认识的词,这个时候千万不要慌张,根据上下文的意思及整篇文章的主旨,来合理推测生词的词义。
5、速读
速读——培养学生良好的阅读习惯。理解一篇文章,必须学会速读和精读相结合。如果不管不顾,只是一味的对文章进行精雕细琢,首先时间上不允许,其次也未必就能取得好的理解效果。速读是为了把握文章大意,精读是为了找寻关键细节,二者有机结合,才能达到比较理想的效果。
英语已经成为越来越多人想提升的薄弱科目,同学们作为一个“外族人”怎样提升自己做英语阅读理解的能力呢?下面是我整理的关于英语阅读理解的技巧和方法,希望能够帮到大家。
做英语阅读理解习题的技巧
(1)要求,必须掌握足够的单词量和阅读量,英语阅读理解习题主要是考察同学们对不同题材文章的理解能力以及对材料中心信息和关键词的捕获能力,这就要求同学们在课余时间要勤背单词,掌握一定的词汇量,这样一来才能保证对阅读材料的充分理解。
(2)在做阅读理解题时,手里要拿着笔随时勾画重点中心词汇,以便于最后看题目时知道去文章中哪个地方找答案,当然做到这一步的前提条件也是要掌握较大的基本词量,才能在阅读文章的时候找到相关的重点单词。
(3)当遇到阅读理解填空题时,要学会联系上下文的语境,实在理不清思路找不到答案时可以根据语法来判断这个空到底应该是动词原形、过去式还是过去分词的形式,这样一来就缩小了答案的选择范围,题目答对的几率也就又得到了相应的提升。
如何提升英语阅读能力
(1)学会从文章主体出发,把注意力集中在重点信息的获取上,根据文章的开头结尾以及各种已知信息来判断答案所在,其次也尽量不要跳跃阅读,以免最后自己找不到相应的答案位置,扰乱自己的头绪,看起来眼花缭乱。
(2)在看文章之前,我建议先把所问问题大致略一遍,做到阅读文章时心中有数,使得自己在看材料的时候有目的性的阅读,这样一来,也能够在自己的潜意识里对重点或是题干中出现的词汇更加敏感,能够提升答案的准确度。
(3)最后,在阅读时也要注意不同的英文文体对自己所填答案的影响,不管是文章的结构还有首字母大小写的问题都是帮助自己在做英语阅读理解题时的有利武器。
阅读是一个积累的过程,这期间不仅需要材料的积累更需要词汇短语的积累,这就需要同学们在平时注重单词量的积累,英语无论做什么到最后归根结底最重要的都是词汇问题,阅读理解习题要求做到精度泛读相结合,这样才能够取得最佳效果。
PrefaceThe ARPANET – the Department of Defense network that is the ancestor of today’s Internet—was built in the late sixties using a proprietary protocol suite. This first protocol proved to have shortcomings for linking with other networks, which led to the development of Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP used 32-bit address numbers. These soon proved to be unwieldy for most users, even when expressed in the less daunting formant of four 8-bit decimal numbers, delimited by periods. The obvious solution was a scheme for addressing computers by name. After all, people relate much better to names and find it much easier to remember the computer in the corner as “Frodo,” rather than “.”The First Generation: Hot TablesThe desire to refer to machines by name instead of number led to the first IP address management scheme: the host table. The host table is a file that contains all the IP address in use on a network, along with their names. The host table provides a mapping from a host’s name to its IP address, as well as reverse mapping: Given a host’s IP address, the user can look up its name. For a host table to be most user useful, it must contain the names of all the hosts with which a given host might want to communicate. For the ARPANET, that mean that the host table had to contain the names and IP address of every host on the network. Such a file was maintained by the Network Information Center (NIC), the central organization responsible for managing the ARPANET. The file was called and was similar in format to the/etc/hosts file on UNIX. Network administrators all over the network e-mailed host table changed to the NIC every time they added or deleted a host or changed a host’s IP address. The NIC made the changes to its master host table, which it made available via File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Administrators periodically downloaded the latest version of the host table to stay current.
培养学生英语科技文阅读能力:1.词汇表“八到”记忆法这是中学生使用最多的方法之一,即将生词表和人的器官相结合:眼里看到、心里想到、手里写到、嘴里拿到、耳朵听到、(结合实物还可以)鼻子嗅到、舌头尝到、手指触到。学生在记忆时不要偷懒,一定要边记边比划,把各个器官充分调动起来。这种方法使学生把目标词汇与自己的大脑神经联系,易记忆深刻,印象持久。2.分类记忆法即分析单词的形态,将所要记得单词根据其义、形、音进行分类。例如,按音标的拼读规则记忆单词,按词性变化记忆单词,按同音记忆单词,教师还可教给学生关于英语词根和词缀的知识等;通过词根加前缀或后缀可派生出新的单词,将两个或更多的词放在一起,可合成新的单词。3.联想记忆法苏联著名心理学家巴甫洛夫指出:“记忆要依靠联想,而联想则是新旧正式建立联系的产物。”美国心理学家威廉·詹姆士也说:“记忆的秘诀就是根据我们想记住的各种材料来进行各种各样的联想,而这些联想就成了各种资料的钓钩,万一资料沉没脑海,我们就可以通过联想这样的钓钩将资料钩出来。”充分运用发散思维展开自己的想象力,使所要记忆的英语单词,生动、形象和具体化,使生词与熟词之间建立一种联系,从而达到以旧带新,快速记忆的目的。
这是《科学美国人》杂志上的《PLASTICS GET WIRED》Like many technological advances, the innovations in the field ofconducting polymers began by accident. While attempting tomake an organic polymer called polyacetylene in the early1970s, Hideki Shirakawa of the Tokyo Institute of Technology mistakenlyadded 1,000 times more catalyst than the recipe called for. What he producedwas a lustrous, silvery film that resembled aluminum foil butstretched like Saran Wrap—something that sounds more like a new andimproved way to keep leftovers fresh than a potential breakthrough inmaterials substance appeared so unusual that when Alan G. MacDiarmidspied it, he wondered if it would be a candidate for his goal of making“synthetic metals”—nonmetallic substances that could transmit 1977 Shirakawa joined MacDiarmid and Alan J. Heeger in their laboratoryat the University of Pennsylvania to investigate this form of mixing in some iodine, the group found that the material’sconductivity subsequently jumped by a factor of several , cheap, manufacturable and flexible, conducting polymers inspiredvisions of a future of transparent circuits, artificial muscle and electronicdisplays that conveniently roll up under the arm. Researchers haveauditioned various demonstration devices, including components thatcould be useful for new displays, such as plastic transistors and light-emittingdiodes (LEDs). Although such a future is about as dreamy as it gets,many investigators see broad marketing opportunities possible now—inantistatic coatings, electromagnetic shielding, lights for toys and microwaveovens, among others. Perhaps mundane, such applications are nonethelesspromising enough that universities are collaborating with corporations,and scientists have initiated the pace of technological innovation has been impressivelybrisk, whether the materials will have an effect on commerce remains are unlikely to invest in new equipment if the devices performonly marginally better than existing instruments. Polymer-based batteries,for instance, have a longer shelf life than do conventional ones, but theyhave penetrated the market in only a limited way. Flat-panel displays andLEDs made of organic substances face entrenched competition from existinginorganic liquid crystals and , optimism pervades the field. Because plastic and electrical deviceshave become integral parts of the modern world, researchers are confidentthat at least some profitable uses will emerge. Conducting polymers constitutea radically novel market area, points out Ray H. Baughman of Allied-Signal in Morristown, ., who predicts confidently, “Fortunes aregoing to be made.”Polymers, the constituents of familiar plastic materials and syntheticfibers, are large organic molecules built out of smaller ones linked togetherin a long chain. Generally, they are insulators, because their moleculeshave no free electrons for carrying current. To make these substances conductive,workers exploit a technique familiar to the semiconducting industry:doping, or adding atoms with interesting electronic properties. Theadded atoms either give up some of their spare electrons to the polymerbonds or grab some electrons from the bonds (and thereby contribute positivecharges called holes). In either case, the chain becomes electrically a voltage can then send electrons scampering over thelength of the polymer.《MICROPROCESSORS IN 2020》Unlike many other technologies that fed our imaginationsand then faded away, the computer hastransformed our society. There can be little doubtthat it will continue to do so for many decades to come. Theengine driving this ongoing revolution is the microprocessor,the sliver of silicon that has led to countless inventions, suchas portable computers and fax machines, and has added intelligenceto modern automobiles and wristwatches. Astonishingly,the performance of microprocessors has improved25,000 times over since their invention only 27 years have been asked to describe the microprocessor of predictions in my opinion tend to overstate the worthof radical, new computing technologies. Hence, I boldly predictthat changes will be evolutionary in nature, and not so, if the microprocessor continues to improveat its current rate, I cannot help but suggest that 25 yearsfrom now these chips will empower revolutionary software tocompute wonderful things.《HOW THE SUPERTRANSISTORWORKS》Although it is rarely acknowledged,not one but two distinctelectronic revolutionswere set in motion by the invention ofthe transistor 50 years ago at Bell TelephoneLaboratories. The better knownof the two has as its hallmark the trendtoward miniaturization. This revolutionwas fundamentally transformed in thelate 1950s, when Robert N. Noyce andJack Kilby separately invented the integratedcircuit, in which multiple transistorsare fabricated within a single chipmade up of layers of a semiconductormaterial. Years of this miniaturizationtrend have led to fingernail-size sliversof silicon containing millions of transistors,each measuring a few microns andconsuming perhaps a millionth of a wattin operation. 如果需要更多跟我联系,我有pdf版的资料。
A Boy and His Tree A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come and play around it every day. He climbed to the tree top, ate the apples, took a nap under the shadow… He loved the tree and the tree loved to play with him. Time went by…The little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree. One day, the boy came back to the tree and looked sad. “Come and play with me,” the tree asked the boy. “I am no longer a kid, I don’t play around trees anymore.” The boy replied, “I want toys. I need money to buy them.” “Sorry, but I don’t have money…but you can pick all my apples and sell them. So, you will have money.” The boy was so excited. He picked all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy didn’t come back after he picked the apples. The tree was sad. One day, the boy returned and the tree was so excited. “Come and play with me.” The tree said. “I don’t have time to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help me?” “Sorry, but I don’t have a house. But you can cut off my branches to build your house.” So the boy cut all the branches of the tree and left happily. The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy didn’t appear since then. The tree was again lonely and sad. One hot summer day, the boy returned and the tree was delighted. “Come and play with me!” the tree said. “I am sad and getting old. I want to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat?” “Use my trunk to build the boat. You can sail and be happy.” So the boy cut the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and did not show up for a long time. Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years. “Sorry, my boy. But I don’t have anything for you anymore. No more apples for you.” the tree said. “ I don’t have teeth to bite.” The boy replied. “ No more trunk for you to climb on.” “I am too old for that now.” the boy said. “I really want to give you something…the only thing left is my dying roots.” The tree said with tears. “I don’t need much now, just a place to rest. I am tired after all these years.” The boy replied. “Good! Old tree roots are the best place to lean on and rest. Come here, please sit down with me and have a rest.” The boy sat down and the tree was glad and smiled with tears… This is a story of everyone. The tree is our parent. When we were young, we loved to play with Mom and Dad… When we grow up, we leave them, and only come to them when we need something or when we are in trouble. No matter what, parents will always be there and give everything they could to make you happy. You may think that the boy is cruel to the tree but that's how all of us are treating our parents. 很久以前有一棵苹果树。一个小男孩每天都喜欢来到树旁玩耍。他爬到树顶,吃苹果,在树荫里打盹……他爱这棵树,树也爱和他一起玩。 随着时间的流逝,小男孩长大了。他不再到树旁玩耍了。 一天,男孩回到树旁,看起来很悲伤。“来和我玩吧!”树说。 “我不再是小孩了,我不会再到树下玩耍了。”男孩答到,“我想要玩具,我需要钱来买。” “很遗憾,我没有钱……但是你可以采摘我的所有苹果拿去卖。这样你就有钱了。”男孩很兴奋。他摘掉树上所有的苹果,然后高兴地离开了。自从那以后男孩没有回来。树很伤心。 一天,男孩回来了,树非常兴奋。“来和我玩吧。”树说。“我没有时间玩。我得为我的家庭工作。我们需要一个房子来遮风挡雨,你能帮我吗?”很遗憾,我没有房子。但是,你可以砍下我的树枝来建房。“因此,男孩砍下所有的树枝,高高兴兴地离开了。 看到他高兴,树也很高兴。但是,自从那时起男孩没再出现,树有孤独,伤心起来。 突然,在一个夏日,男孩回到树旁,树很高兴。“来和我玩吧!”树说。 “我很伤心,我开始老了。我想去航海放松自己。你能不能给我一条船?” “用我的树干去造一条船,你就能航海了,你会高兴的。”于是,男孩砍倒树干去造船。他航海去了,很长一段时间未露面。 许多年后男孩终于回来了。“很遗憾,我的孩子,我再也没有任何东西可以给你了。没有苹果给你……”树说。“我没有牙齿啃。” 男孩答到。“没有树干供你爬。”“现在我老了,爬不上去了。” 男孩说。“我真的想把一切都给你……我唯一剩下的东西是快要死去的树墩。” 树含着眼泪说。“现在,我不需要什么东西,只需要一个地方来休息。经过了这些年我太累了。”男孩答到。 “太好了!老树墩就是倚着休息的最好地方。过来,和我一起坐下休息吧。” 男孩坐下了,树很高兴,含泪而笑…… 这是一个发生在每一个人身上的故事。那棵树就像我们的父母。我们小的时候,喜欢和爸爸妈妈玩……长大后,便离开他们,只有在我们需要父母亲,或是遇到了困难的时候,才会回去找他们。尽管如此,父母却总是有求必应,为了我们的幸福,无私地奉献自己的一切。你也许觉得那个男孩很残忍,但我们何尝不是这样呢? 是演讲用的!!!!!!!!!!!
阅读是一种很好的学习方式,它可以让人温故而知新,不仅可以巩固已经学过的知识,还可以有效地预习新知识。下文是我为大家蒐集整理的关于的内容,欢迎大家阅读参考!
浅析高中英语阅读解题技巧
【摘 要】对阅读理解能力的测试是英语考试中必不可少的测试专案,主要考查学生对于不同体裁或不同题材语言材料的理解能力,以及通过材料的阅读,对材料中资讯的捕获能力。要求掌握所读材料的主旨大意和文章中的详细事实与细节,理解文章中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系,又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理。
【关键词】单词量;题型;段落中心;把握作者意图
一、单词量是英语阅读最基本的保障
很多同学普遍出现文章看不懂,意思理解的不清楚,觉得哪个选项都是对的或者是觉得时间不够,总会没有时间看完全部的阅读。这类问题统统的原因是单词量不够导致的。针对于这一块的学生,再多的阅读方法都是枉然,督促他们背单词,不要觉得太基本,也不要太相信他们的自觉性。就是按部就班每天布置一定量的单词和段落给他们背诵。作为老师必须对他们的背诵结果进行严格的把关。坚持每天听写,每天检查,认真批改,确保质量。如果你们觉得这一套流程下来课堂讲课时间不够,不能完成每天的课程量,那我也不建议省略或者敷衍这个环节。我觉得可以采取的方法是占用课间时间,可以提早几分钟去教室,给同学听写,然后批改工作可以分配给课代表。在开始这样的教学方式学生可能会接受不了,但是长久保持的话,一定会有很明显的效果。单词这关把住了,以后的英语学习就一定事半功倍了。
当然,也有同学反映说背单词花了很长时间背了就忘 这样的情况。其实这是正常的。即使是英语成绩很好的同学,在接触到新词时,想通过一遍记住也是很难的。背英语和被语文是一样的,要反复记忆。一遍,两遍,三遍。而很多成绩不太好的同学觉得他们背单词不如成绩好的同学这种想法其实是错误的。之所以他们背不下来的原因是没有习惯背单词。等他们背多了,养成了一套属于自己的背单词的方式,自然背单词也就不是难事了。这里提出一套比较适用大多数人的单词记忆方法:
1.读出声
2.边背边写
3.第一遍在晚上睡前背,第二遍早上起来背,第三遍老师上课的时候夹杂在课文讲解时背。
二、英语阅读题型分析
高中一篇英语阅读一般是五道题,虽然并不是每个题型都有,但统共加起来、共分为六种题型:细节题、猜词题、判断题、推断题、主旨题、态度题。不要忽略这些题目分类认为没有用,弄清楚每个题目的题目型别,在按照科学的顺序做题目,哪怕仅仅是五道题也能节约很多时间。提倡的发放是拿到一篇阅读,先不要着急去看文章,先把问题浏览一遍,然后再心中迅速将题目归类。最先做的应该是细节题。找到问题所在位置,再根据目标句子的前一句后一句或者前两句后两句就能得到答案。然后是猜词题。解题方法和细节题一样。
接着是判断题。这前三类题目都是能迅速准确在短暂阅读时就能找出答案的。而推断,主旨和态度题就比较难迅速解决了。需要通篇阅读,然后对文章内容作总结,再找到文章的中心句,根据中心句中的一些情感词语才能判断出作者态度。老师们不要觉得这方面不好教导,通过限时训练就行。大量的显示训练学生自然就能找到快速解题的方法。即使不是严格的按照我们讲述的这样明确归类再去找答案。但是他们再解题的过程中也会预设将需要理解体会的题目留到最后。当然,这是指标对英语功底还不错的同学才适用的方法。做题目讲究的不是快,而是对。在有限的时间内找出正确答案才是目的。
对于基础相对薄弱的同学,做了的每一题都作对就是最好的结果了。先确保正确率再提高速度。这一类同学的方法就是细心投入做。能在文中找到的细节题、判断题和猜词题就一定要稳稳的作对。五道题目中这三类题目至少有三个。能确保十分得道这六分也是稳中求胜的好方法。等能力提高了,对阅读更加得心应手了,再来根据上述方法提高速度,英语成绩一定会突飞猛进。
三、抓住英语阅读段落主旨中心
1.段落主旨的归纳方法有以下几种:
主题句位于段首,其特点是演绎式,开门见山提出论点,再分别说明;
2.主题句位于段尾,其特点是归纳式,即细节在前,归纳在后;
3.主题句位于段中,其特点是引题―主题―解释或提问―回答―解释;
4.首尾呼应的主题句,通常是指文章的开头和结尾相互对应。了解这一点有利于根据文章的开头和结尾进行综合推理。
这几种方法都是很常用很实用的。在普通的阅读和考试中也都运用的上。也是学生必备的阅读能力之一。在向同学们讲解这几种方法时,不要空洞洞的讲解,可以通过结构图形来更直观的展现给同学们。给每一种定义成一种形状,帮助同学理解和记忆。也可以通过具体的例项给同学展现每种方法的鲜明特色。让同学在遇到各种方式的时候能更敏感。
四、把握英语阅读题目中作者的意图
每一篇文章都有其写作目的。那么作者是如何在文章中体现自己的思想呢?他通过哪些语言向读者传达了自己的感受呢?我们在阅读的同时怎样收集、综合各种资讯,体会作者的情感呢?了解这些有助于我们在做阅读理解题时把握作者思路,领会文章内涵,做出正确的选择。要做到这一点,我们需要从两个方面入手:一是把握作者的写作意图,二是把握出题的角度。有的文章只是客观地介绍一件事或物,或各方观点,作者不发表自己个人的意见,如一些科技文,新闻事件报道等。这样的文章属于“广而告知型”。要根据客观事实答题,一是一,二是二,凡与事实不符的选项,或文中没有提到的事实,当然都是不能选的。这样的题目难度一般都不会很大。最难于驾驭的是一些故事性、情感经历性的文章。因为作者在行文时会用到一些写作手法,如倒叙、插叙等。往往还会有一些思想、情感的波动。这就需要我们在阅读时认真把握,细心体会。
将自己想象为故事中的主人公,体会其心理感受。有一篇文章,写一个老太太刚刚在海边买了一座别墅,打算在那里度过余生。因为那里的气候溼润温暖,更适合她的健康。此时她站在曾经生活了25年的房子里,最后环顾这曾经装载了她的大半生的房子。所给的问题是:How does the old lady feel at the last moment in her old house?正确答案是:Her feeling is plex.其他的选项如She is happy/She is sad等都片面。只要我们设身处地站在老太太的位置上想一想,就不难找到正确答案。
【参考文献】
[1]黄惠芝.高中英语阅读教学的策略研究.福建论坛社科教育版.2007/04
[2]崔丽花.高中英语阅读课任务型教学法的实践与探索.延边教育学院学报.2010/04
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一、尽早抓起,循序渐进,持之以恒 学生英语阅读能力的培养和提高并非一朝一夕所能达到,而是需要经过师生长期坚持不懈的努力,方能一点一点的提高。那种你认为让学生在初一、初二打好英语基础知识的底子,等初三再突击阅读能力的训练之方法是不可取的。因此,在学生进入初中阶段后,教师就需要制定周密的计划,有条不紊,坚持不懈的对学生的阅读能力进行长期的系统的训练。经过这样长期的坚持训练,学生的阅读量会日益扩大,随着阅读量的不断加大,学生的阅读能力也就自然而然的得到了培养和提高。 二、合理安排教学步骤,有层次地引导学生阅读1.引导学生快速阅读,捕捉大意,扩大阅读视幅面,培养他们良好的阅读习惯,训练阅读速度,提高概述能力。 2.指导学生精读全文,把握信息,然后有效指导学生学习语言知识,培养他们理解、掌握和应用语言知识的能力。3.引导学生充分利用课本,强化课文整体理解教学,课文是最好的阅读材料,须充分利用。教师在组织学生学习课文时,应把课文当作一个整体来组织教学。这种教学方法能提高学生的英语学习兴趣,调动学生的学习积极性。当然,除此之外,采取一定的方法来培养学生的阅读能力是必要的。如:在安排学生预习课文时可让学生找出重点段落的中心句或用英语来说出这部分的意思来,这样经过长期不懈的训练,就可逐步培养和提高学生的英语阅读能力
中学英语教学不仅要求学生掌握语音、语法知识及一定的词汇量,同时要培养他们听、说、读、写“四会 ”能力,还要注重培养阅读理解能力。高中英语教学的核心是课文阅读教学,它的任务具有双重性:第一,对 学生进行阅读技能、技巧的训练,培养其阅读理解能力;第二,通过阅读教学,使学生不断获得新的语言知识 ,提高实际运用英语的能力。两个任务为了一个目的──“为学生运用和进一步学习英语切实打好基础。” 一、培养学生正确的阅读习惯。 许多中学生不明确学英语的宗旨和目的,好象学习是为了应付考试,甚至把课外阅读看成是浪费时间,得 不偿失,不愿花时间。有的学生在阅读的时候,喜欢用手和笔指着读,有的则咬文嚼字,边读边对一词一句进 行分析,等别人早已读完,他还不知文章所云。要彻底改掉这些不良习惯并非易事,有的学生是下了一番苦功 。为此,要求学生每天读一篇短文、可以少读,但要天天读。平时时间紧,少读点,假期多读点。总之要培养 一个好的阅读习惯,这样久而久之,便可积少成多。不但能增加所学词汇的复现率,而且增加学生的知识面, 培养用英语直接思维的能力。为了培养学生的阅读习惯,根据学生的实际情况,因人而异地给予阅读指点,堤 出不同要求,帮助学生树立信心,逐步形成一个良好的阅读习惯。 二、指点学生掌握正确的方法,选好材料。 教师一方面教给学生灵活运用不同的阅读方法(泛读、略读、跳读、细读),一方面在扩大学生阅读量, 提高阅读速度的同时,着重提高阅读效率,反复训练理解技巧。例如:要弄清所给材料“写什么”,把握其基 本内容。第二步理清文章段落层次,摸准作者的行文思路。如何理解和阐述支持中心思想的事实和细节,如何 从字里行间去读出作者的言外之意,如何进行梳理归纳,如何进行逻辑推断,如何理解人物性格,如何辨认图 形。学生只有熟悉这种多角度、多层次的思考辨析,才能真正提高有效阅读率。如在复习高一课本《How Marx learned Foreign Languages》 Thr text is about──。 's revolutionary work Marx wrote articles in foreign languages to learn foreign languages 's leaming foreign languages 尽管这些练习比较容易,但这一步是不可忽视的。 高中学生的英语词汇有限,许多学生之所以不愿意阅读,缺乏阅读兴趣,主要就是所选文章词汇量大,生 词多,影响阅读速度,学生不感兴趣,结果就坚持不下去。应根据所学词汇,选读一些英美文学作品的简单本 或其它一些简易读物。如以童话、寓言和小说开头,名人传记、报刊杂志上的文章,《新概念英语》中的小短 文适当选一些。材料选定后教师可适当改写,加添必要注释,以适应高中学生的需要。由于学生各自兴趣爱好 不同,为了最大限度地激发学生的兴趣,调动学生的阅读积极性,分别有针对性予以指导,使他们在原有基础 上能很快扩大词汇量,提高阅读水平。 三、指导学生掌握阅读技巧。 阅读的最终目的就是理解文章,掌握信息。阅读技巧也就是如何在尽可能短的时间内掌握每篇文章所包涵 的信息方法。阅读方法不同,每个人理解文章所花的时间也会各不相同。我认为文章的第一段很重要,有时就 是文章的中心所在。理解段落和全文,反过来通读段落或全文,又能帮助我们更好地理解句子。在整个阅读过 程中,我们要有意识地将注意力集中到句子、段落上,尽量通过上下文来理解句子,不应过份在意对个别词语 的理解与否。即使遇到较难理解的句子,也不必着急,要耐着性子继续往下读,等读完全段或全文之后,我们 往往会发现前面遇到的许多问题已经迎刃而解了。就阅读理解四个字而言,重点在理解上,为了保证准确理解 ,对文章出现的重点句或难句,要适当讲解,阅读过程中,要求学生善于抓住重点句,力求准确理解,掌握主 要意思。 总之,想要提高阅读理解能力,决非一朝一夕之事,还得多读多练。在多读多练的同时认真总结适合自己 的阅读技巧,往往会收到事半功倍的效果。
阅读虽然不是一种直接的交际,但在本质上也是一种语言交际活动。下面就是我给大家整理的短篇 英语阅读 文章 ,希望大家喜欢。短篇英语阅读文章:You are special A well-know speaker started on his seminar(研讨会) by holding up a $20 bill in the room of 200. He asked,who would like this $20 bill. Hands started going up. He said, "I'm going to give this $20 to one of you, but first, let me do this." He proceeded to crumple(弄皱) the $20 note up. He then asked, "who still wants it?" Still the hands were up in the air. "Well," he replied, "what if I do this?" He dropped it on the ground, and started to ground into the floor with his shoe. He picked it up, now, crumpled and dirty. "Now, who still wants it?" Still the hands went into the air. "My friends, you have all learned a very valuable lesson no matter what I did to the money, you still want it. Because it did not decrease in value. It was still worth $20." Many times in our lives, we are dropped, crumpled, and ground into the dirt by the decisions we make, and circumstances that come away. We feel as though we are worthless. But no matter what happened, or what will happen, you will never lose your value. Dirty or clean, crumpled or finally creased, you are still priceless to those who love you. The worst of your lives comes not in what we do, or who we know, but by who we are. You are special. Don't ever forget it. 短篇英语阅读文章:Love your mother Let us take a moment of the time just to pay tribute and show appreciation to the person called MOM though some may not say it openly to their mother. There's no substitute for her. Cherish every single moment. Though at times she may not be the best of friends, she may not agree to our thoughts, she is still your mother! Your mother will be there for you, to listen to your woes your brags your frustrations, etc. Ask yourself "Have you put aside enough time for her, to listen to her 'blues' of working in the kitchen, her tiredness?" Be tactful, loving and still show her due respect, though you may have a different view from hers. Once gone, only fond memories of the past and also regrets will be left. Do not take for granted the things closest to your heart. Love her more than you love yourself. Life is meaningless without her. 短篇英语阅读文章:Mum and growing days Those Teenage Years When you were 11 years old, she took you and your friends to the different movies. You thanked her by asking to sit in a row. When you were 12 years old, she warned you not to watch certain TV shows. You thanked her by waiting until she left the house. When you were 13, she suggested a haircut that was becoming. You thanked her by telling her she had no taste. When you were 14, she paid for a month away at summer camp. You thanked her by forgetting to write a single letter. When you were 15, she came home from work, looking for a hug. You thanked her by having your bedroom door locked. When you were 16, she taught you how to drive her car. You thanked her by taking it every chance you could. When you were 17, she was expecting an important call. You thanked her by being on the phone all night. When you were 18, she cried at your high school graduation. You thanked her by staying out partying until dawn. When you were 19, she paid for your college tuition, drove you to campus, carried your bags. You thanked her by saying good-bye outside the dorm so you wouldn't be embarrassed in front of your friends. When you were 20, she asked whether you were seeing anyone. You thanked her by saying, "It's none of your business."
经典的英语文章适合我们闲时练习英语阅读,下面我为大家带来,希望大家喜欢! 篇一: I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always tell you what a picture is 'about'. Of course, many pictures are not 'about' anything. They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday. 'What are you doing?' she asked. 'I'm hanging this picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's a new one. Do you like it?' She looked at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down?' I looked at it again. She was right! It was! 我是个学艺术的学生,画了很多画。有很多人装成很懂现代艺术。他们总是告诉你一幅画的。当然,有很多画是什么意思也没有的。他们只不过是漂亮的图案。我们喜欢它们就像我们喜欢漂亮的窗帘布。我觉得小孩子们往往比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画。他们观察到的东西更多。我的妹妹只有七岁,但她总能说出我的画是好还是不好。昨天她到我房里来了。"你干什么呢。她问。"我把这幅画挂到墙上,我回答。"这是一个新的。你喜欢吗。她用挑剔的目光一会儿。"这都是正确的,"她说,"但这不是颠倒的吗?"我又看。她是对的!这是! 篇二: Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. They were all hungry and the food *** elled good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping bags were warm and fortable, so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent! 在下午晚些时候,男孩子们把帐篷搭在一个领域中。一旦这是,他们在篝火上烧起了饭。他们都饿了,而且食物闻起来很香。一顿美餐之后,他们讲故事、唱歌的篝火。但过了些时候开始下雨了。孩子们感到累了,所以他们扑灭了火,爬进了帐篷。睡袋既暖和又舒适,所以他们都睡得很香。在半夜里,两个男孩醒来了,开始喊。帐篷里全是水!他们全都跳出睡袋,跑到外面。雨下得很大,他们发现地上已经形成了一个流。那小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野,然后正好从他们的帐篷! 篇三: Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace.' The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall. The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two urgent telegrams, but received no reply. He sent yet another telegram rming the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a telegram from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a cable in which he rmed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1084 steps leading to the 15-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace. 报刊杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供成立一些关紧要的事实和统计数字而走向极端。去年,一位记者受一家有名的杂志的委托写一篇关于非洲某个新成立共和国总统府的文章。稿子寄来后,编辑看第一句话就拒绝予以发表。文章的开头是这样的:"几百级台阶通向环绕总统的高墙。"编辑立即给那位记者发去传真,要求他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度。 记者立即出发去核实这些重要的事实,但过了好长时间不见他把数字寄来,在此期间,编辑等得不耐烦了,因为杂志马上要付印。他给记者先后发去两份传真,但对方毫无反应。于是他又发了一份传真,通知那位记者说,若再不迅速答复,将被解雇。但记者还是没有回复。编辑无奈,勉强按原样发稿了。一周之后,编辑终于接到记者的传真。那个可怜的记者不仅被捕了,而且还被送进了监狱。不过,他终于获准发回了一份传真。在传真中他告诉编辑,就在他数通向15英尺高的总统府围墙的1,084级台阶时,被抓了起来。
提升英语阅读能力是我们学习英语的关键,下面我为大家带来英语阅读小文章,希望大家喜欢!
The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty. Mr Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display. Two of his assistants had been working busily since 8 o'clock and had only just finished. Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr Taylor went back into his shop.
The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweler's. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars. While this was going on, Mr Taylor was upstairs. He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window. Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain. The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed. Just as it was leaving, Mr Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.
皮卡迪利大街附近的一条著名拱廊街道上,几家高档商店刚刚开始营业。在早晨的这个时候,拱廊街上几乎空无一人。珠宝店主泰勒先生正在欣赏新布置的橱窗。他手下两名店员从早上8点就开始忙碌,这时刚刚布置完毕。钻石项链、戒指漂亮地陈列在黑色丝绒上面。泰勒先生站在橱窗外凝神欣赏了几分钟就回到了店里。
宁静突然被打破,一辆大轿车亮着前灯,响着喇叭,呼啸着冲进了拱廊街,在珠宝店门口停了下来。一人留在驾驶座上,另外两个用黑色长筒丝袜蒙面的人跳下车来。他们用铁棒把商店橱窗的玻璃砸碎。这开始发生时,泰勒先生正在楼上。他与店员动手向窗外投掷家具,椅子,桌子飞落花流水在拱廊街上。一个窃贼被一尊很重的雕像击中,但由于他忙着抢钻石首饰,竟连疼痛都顾不上了。这场抢劫只持续了3分钟,因为窃贼争先恐后地爬上轿车,以惊人的速度开跑了。就在轿车离开的时候,泰勒先生从店里冲了出来,跟在车后追赶,一边还往车上扔烟灰缸、花瓶。但他已无法抓住那些窃贼了。他们已带着价值数千镑的首饰逃之夭夭了。
Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle!
昨天下午弗兰克·霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。在他退休之前,弗兰克是一家非常大的事务公司头,但作为一个男孩,他曾经工作在一个小商店。他的工作是修理自行车,那时他一天工作十四小时。他积蓄多年,并在1958他买了属于自己的小作坊。在他二十几岁的弗兰克曾生产飞机零配件。那时他有两个帮手。在几年的小作坊已经成为一个雇用七百二十八人的大工厂。弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路。他正笑着的时候,门开了,他的妻子走了进来。她叫他去修理他们孙子的自行车!
Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early next morning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.