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毕业论文答辩稿开头与结尾格式

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毕业论文答辩稿开头与结尾格式

毕业论文答辩开场白及结束语范文

各位老师好!我叫XXX,来自XXX,我的论文题目是“行政系统中的非正式组织评估”。在这里,请允许我向XX老师的悉心指导表示深深的谢意,向各位老师不辞劳苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢。下面我将从论文的思想内容、结构框架、遣词造句三个方面向各位老师作一大概介绍,恳请各位老师批评指导。

首先,在思想内容上,本文以行政管理学的一个遗漏点,即行政系统中的.非正式组织为切入点进行探索。通过对图书馆近百本著作进行调查,我发现其中仅有复旦大学出版社出版的行政学原理、公共行政学涉及到了行政系统中的非正式组织。非正式组织作为官场中的“第二种友谊”,对公共部门人力资源管理会产生很大影响。因此,论题本身具有一定的理论和现实意义。作为矛盾的统一体,任何行政组织内都会产生一定的非正式组织结构。行政组织或多或少受到非正式组织的影响,纵观非正式组织正反两方面的作用,它可能成为正式组织发展的助力,也可能成为正式组织发展的阻力。因此,组织管理者应对其加以正确认识并积极引导,把握其概念、和特点和作用,正确运用其正向功能,克服其负向功能,从而使非正式组织朝着更有利于组织发展和目标实现的方向迈进。

其次,在结构框架上,本文分成三个部分:

第一部分为行政系统中非正式组织概述,包括行政系统中非正式组织的概念、特点及其沟通。

第二部分从正反两方面对行政系统中非正式组织的作用进行剖析。

第三部分介绍了行政系统中非正式组织的管理对策。

最后,在遣词造句上,虽然我对全文做了细致修改,但个别语句语序凌乱、语句僵硬、口语化的问题依然不可避免。另外,全文仅是对行政系统中非正式组织的一次初探,对管理心理学、组织行为学、领导科学等方面的知识涉及较少,期盼今后加以完善。

书到用时方恨少,事非经过不知难。在老师的指导下,我知道了毕业论文怎么写。通过此次毕业论文写作,我愈发感觉到自己知识的匮乏和视野的狭窄。路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。小小拙作,敬请各位老师雅正。

再一次谢谢各位老师。

论文答辩开场白和结束语范例

毕业论文答辩的主要目的,是审查文章的真伪、审查写作者知识掌握的深度,审查文章是否符合体裁格式,以求进一步提高。下面是我为大家整理的论文答辩开场白和结束语范例,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

1、为什么选择这个课题(或题目),研究、写作它有什么学术价值或现实意义。

2、说明这个课题的历史和现状,即前人做过哪些研究,取得哪些成果,有哪些问题没有解决,自己有什么新的看法,提出并解决了哪些问题。

3、文章的基本观点和立论的基本依据。

4、学术界和社会上对某些问题的具体争论,自己的倾向性观点。

5、重要引文的具体出处。

6、本应涉及或解决但因力不从心而未接触的问题;因认为与本文中心关系不大而未写入的新见解。

7、本文提出的见解的可行性。

8、定稿交出后,自己重读审查新发现的缺陷。

9、写作毕业论文(作业)的体会。

10、本文的优缺点。总之,要作好口头表述的准备。不是宣读论文,也不是宣读写作提纲和朗读内容提要。

实例一:

各位老师,下午好!我叫xxx,是xx级xx班的学生,我的论文题目是xxxxxx,论文是在xx导师的悉心指点下完成的,在这里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意,向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢,并对三年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要内容向各位老师作一汇报,恳请各位老师批评指导。

首先,我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的目的及意义。

作为计算机应用的一部分,图书销售管理系统对图书销售进行管理,具有着手工管理所无法比拟的优点,极大地提高图书销售管理效率及在同行业中的竞争力、因此,图书销售管理系统有着广泛的市场前景和实际的应用价值、

其次,我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要内容。

本文分成五个部分、

第一部分是综述、这部分主要论述本系统开发的目的和意义,与业务相关的管理原理,以及与系统相关MIS系统开发原理与方法。

第二部分是系统分析、这部分分析用户需求,进行调查研究和分析,目的是根据用户的需求和资源条件,以现状为基础,确定新系统的逻辑模型,即从抽象的信息管理角度出发,为使用户满意,系统应对哪些信息做怎样一些存储、变换与传递,具备哪些功能,从而明确系统应该做些什么。

第三部分是系统设计、通过系统总体设计及详细设计对系统分析的`结果进行整合,目的是要得到一个令用户满意的良好的实现方案。

第四部分是系统实现、根据系统设计的内容,讨论了该系统对人员与平台的要求,以及数据库表结构的建立与数据输入,并进行应用程序设计与测试、

第五部分是系统运行、这部分描述了系统操作使用的方法,进行一些系统测试,并评价了该系统、

最后,我想谈谈这篇论文和系统存在的不足。

这篇论文的写作以及系统开发的过程,也是我越来越认识到自己知识与经验缺乏的过程。虽然,我尽可能地收集材料,竭尽所能运用自己所学的知识进行论文写作和系统开发,但论文还是存在许多不足之处,系统功能并不完备,有待改进、请各位评委老师多批评指正,让我在今后的学习中学到更多。

谢谢!

实例二:

各位老师好!我叫xxx,来自xxx,我的论文题目是“行政系统中的非正式组织评估”。在这里,请允许我向xx老师的悉心指导表示深深的谢意,向各位老师不辞劳苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢。下面我将从论文的思想内容、结构框架、遣词造句三个方面向各位老师作一大概介绍,恳请各位老师批评指导。

首先,在思想内容上,本文以行政管理学的一个遗漏点,即行政系统中的非正式组织为切入点进行探索。通过对图书馆近百本著作进行调查,我发现其中仅有复旦大学出版社出版的行政学原理、公共行政学涉及到了行政系统中的非正式组织。非正式组织作为官场中的“第二种友谊”,对公共部门人力资源管理会产生很大影响。因此,论题本身具有一定的理论和现实意义。作为矛盾的统一体,任何行政组织内都会产生一定的非正式组织结构。行政组织或多或少受到非正式组织的影响,纵观非正式组织正反两方面的作用,它可能成为正式组织发展的助力,也可能成为正式组织发展的阻力。因此,组织管理者应对其加以正确认识并积极引导,把握其概念、和特点和作用,正确运用其正向功能,克服其负向功能,从而使非正式组织朝着更有利于组织发展和目标实现的方向迈进。

其次,在结构框架上,本文分成三个部分:

第一部分为行政系统中非正式组织概述,包括行政系统中非正式组织的概念、特点及其沟通。

第二部分从正反两方面对行政系统中非正式组织的作用进行剖析。

第三部分介绍了行政系统中非正式组织的管理对策。

最后,在遣词造句上,虽然我对全文做了细致修改,但个别语句语序凌乱、语句僵硬、口语化的问题依然不可避免。另外,全文仅是对行政系统中非正式组织的一次初探,对管理心理学、组织行为学、领导科学等方面的知识涉及较少,期盼今后加以完善。

书到用时方恨少,事非经过不知难。在老师的指导下,我知道了毕业论文怎么写。通过此次毕业论文写作,我愈发感觉到自己知识的匮乏和视野的狭窄。路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。小小拙作,敬请各位老师雅正。

再一次谢谢各位老师。

实例三:

各位老师,下午好!我叫xxx,是xx级xx班的学生,我的论文题目是《基于C/S的图书销售管理系统》,论文是在朱xx导师的悉心指点下完成的,在这里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意,向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢,并对三年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要内容向各位老师作一汇报,恳请各位老师批评指导。

首先,我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的目的及意义。

作为计算机应用的一部分,图书销售管理系统对图书销售进行管理,具有着手工管理所无法比拟的优点,极大地提高图书销售管理效率及在同行业中的竞争力、因此,图书销售管理系统有着广泛的市场前景和实际的应用价值、

其次,我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要内容。

本文分成五个部分、

第一部分是综述、这部分主要论述本系统开发的目的和意义,与业务相关的管理原理,以及与系统相关MIS系统开发原理与方法。

第二部分是系统分析、这部分分析用户需求,进行调查研究和分析,目的是根据用户的需求和资源条件,以现状为基础,确定新系统的逻辑模型,即从抽象的信息管理角度出发,为使用户满意,系统应对哪些信息做怎样一些存储、变换与传递,具备哪些功能,从而明确系统应该做些什么。

第三部分是系统设计、通过系统总体设计及详细设计对系统分析的结果进行整合,目的是要得到一个令用户满意的良好的实现方案。

第四部分是系统实现、根据系统设计的内容,讨论了该系统对人员与平台的要求,以及数据库表结构的建立与数据输入,并进行应用程序设计与测试、

第五部分是系统运行、这部分描述了系统操作使用的方法,进行一些系统测试,并评价了该系统、

最后,我想谈谈这篇论文和系统存在的不足。

这篇论文的写作以及系统开发的过程,也是我越来越认识到自己知识与经验缺乏的过程。虽然,我尽可能地收集材料,竭尽所能运用自己所学的知识进行论文写作和系统开发,但论文还是存在许多不足之处,系统功能并不完备,有待改进、请各位评委老师多批评指正,让我在今后的学习中学到更多。

谢谢!

答辩程序

1、自我介绍

自我介绍作为答辩的开场白,包括姓名、学号、专业。介绍时要举止大方、态度从容、面带微笑,礼貌得体的介绍自己,争取给答辩小组一个良好的印象。好的开端就意味着成功了一半。

2、答辩人陈述

收到成效的自我介绍只是这场答辩的开始,接下来的自我陈述才进入正轨。自述的主要内容归纳如下:

(1)论文标题。向答辩小组报告论文的题目,标志着答辩的正式开始。

(2)简要介绍课题背景、选择此课题的原因及课题现阶段的发展情况。

(3)详细描述有关课题的具体内容,其中包括答辩人所持的观点看法、研究过程、实验数据、结果。

(4)重点讲述答辩人在此课题中的研究模块、承担的具体工作、解决方案、研究结果。

(5)侧重创新的部分。这部分要作为重中之重,这是答辩教师比较感兴趣的地方。

(6)结论、价值和展望。对研究结果进行分析,得出结论;新成果的理论价值、实用价值和经济价值;展望本课题的发展前景。

(7)自我评价。答辩人对自己的研究工作进行评价,要求客观,实事求是,态度谦虚。经过参加毕业设计与论文的撰写,专业水平上有哪些提高、取得了哪些进步,研究的局限性、不足之处、心得体会。

3、提问与答辩

答辩教师的提问安排在答辩人自述之后,是答辩中相对灵活的环节,有问有答,是一个相互交流的过程。一般为3个问题,采用由浅入深的顺序提问,采取答辩人当场作答的方式。

答辩教师提问的范围在论文所涉及的领域内,一般不会出现离题的情况。提问的重点放在论文的核心部分,通常会让答辩人对关键问题作详细、展开性论述,深入阐明。答辩教师也会让答辩人解释清楚自述中未讲明白的地方。论文中没有提到的漏洞,也是答辩小组经常会问到的部分。再有就是论文中明显的错误,这可能是由于答辩人比较紧张而导致口误,也可能是答辩人从未意识到,如果遇到这种状况,不要紧张,保持镇静,认真考虑后再回答。还有一种判断类的题目,即答辩教师故意以错误的观点提问,这就需要答辩人头脑始终保持清醒,精神高度集中,正确作答。

仔细聆听答辩教师的问题,然后经过缜密的思考,组织好语言。回答问题时要求条理清晰、符合逻辑、完整全面、重点突出。如果没有听清楚问题,请答辩教师再重复一遍,态度诚恳,有礼貌。

当有问题确实不会回答时,也不要着急,可以请答辩教师给予提示。答辩教师会对答辩人改变提问策略,采用启发式的引导式的问题,降低问题难度。

出现可能有争议的观点,答辩人可以与答辩教师展开讨论,但要特别注意礼貌。答辩本身是非常严肃的事情,切不可与答辩教师争吵,辩论应以文明的方式进行。

4、总结

上述程序一一完毕,代表答辩也即将结束。答辩人最后纵观答辩全过程,做总结陈述,包括两方面的总结:毕业设计和论文写作的体会;参加答辩的收获。答辩教师也会对答辩人的表现做出点评:成绩、不足、建议。

5、致谢

感谢在毕业设计论文方面给予帮助的人们并且要礼貌地感谢答辩教师。

答辩注意事项

(1)克服紧张、不安、焦躁的情绪,自信自己一定可以顺利通过答辩。

(2)注意自身修养,有礼有节。无论是听答辩教师提出问题,还是回答问题都要做到礼貌应对。

(3)听明白题意,抓住问题的主旨,弄清答辩教师出题的目的和意图,充分理解问题的根本所在,再作答,以免答非所问的现象。

(4)若对某一个问题确实没有搞清楚,要谦虚向教师请教。尽量争取教师的提示,巧妙应对。用积极的态度面对遇到的困难,努力思考做答,不应自暴自弃。

(5)答辩时语速要快慢适中,不能过快或过慢。过快会让答辩小组成员难以听清楚,过慢会让答辩教师感觉答辩人对这个问题不熟悉。

(6)对没有把握的观点和看法,不要在答辩中提及。

(7)不论是自述,还是回答问题,都要注意掌握分寸。强调重点,略述枝节;研究深入的地方多讲,研究不够深入的地方最好避开不讲或少讲。

(8)通常提问会依据先浅后深、先易后难的顺序。

(9)答辩人的答题时间一般会限制在一定的时间内,除非答辩教师特别强调要求展开论述,都不必要展开过细。直接回答主要内容和中心思想,去掉旁枝细节,简单干脆,切中要害。

答辩常见问题

在答辩时,一般是几位相关专业的老师根据学生的设计实体和论文提出一些问题,同时听取学生个人阐述,以了解学生毕业设计的真实性和对设计的熟悉性;考察学生的应变能力和知识面的宽窄;听取学生对课题发展前景的认识。

常见问题的分类如下:

(1)辨别论文真伪,检查是否为答辩人独立撰写的问题;

(2)测试答辩人掌握知识深度和广度的问题;

(3)论文中没有叙述清楚,但对于本课题来讲尤为重要的问题;

(4)关于论文中出现的错误观点的问题;

(5)课题有关背景和发展现状的问题;

(6)课题的前景和发展问题;

(7)有关论文中独特的创造性观点的问题;

(8)与课题相关的基本理论和基础知识的问题;

(9)与课题相关的扩展性问题。

论文答辩开头结尾

开场白:

1、尊敬的各位答辩老师,早上好,我是来自2005级美术史论专业的某某,我的论文题目是《中国传统文化对现代广告设计的影响》。本篇论文是在某某老师的指导下完成的,在此,我十分感谢他长期以来对我精心的指导。以下是本篇论文选题的意义、文章的论点、论据、论证方法和文章结构。

2、各位老师上午好!我叫某某,是自学考试公安管理本科专业的学生,我的论文题目是暴力袭警与警察执法权益保障问题研究。首先,向各位评委老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢。

3、各位老师,下午好!我叫某某,是某某级某某班的学生,我的论文题目是某某,论文是在某导师的悉心指点下完成的,在这里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意,向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示

衷心的感谢,并对四年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。

结束语:

1、由于本人能力有限,论述过程中还存在很多的问题,请答辩老师提出宝贵的意见。陈述完毕,谢谢!

2、这篇论文的写作以及修改的过程,也是我越来越认识到自己知识与经验缺乏的过程。虽然,我尽可能地收集材料,竭尽所能运用自己所学的知识进行论文写作,但论文还是存在许多不足之处,有待改进。请各位评委老师多批评指正,让我在今后的学习中学到更多。

3、这篇论文论述过程中还存在很多的问题,有待改进,希望各位老师多批评指正。4、由于本人能力有限,论述过程中还存在很多的问题,请答辩老师提出宝贵的意见。陈述完毕,谢谢!

5、最后,我想谈谈这篇论文的不足之处。虽然我尽可能的收集资料并结合自己所学的知识进行写作,但由于实际工作经验不足仍使得这篇文章存在与实际联系不够紧密的问题,有待进一步的改进和研究,请各位评委老师批评指正。谢谢!

答辩开场白和结束语如下:

开场白:各位老师,上午好!我是xx专业xx班的xxx,我的毕业设计题目是xxxx。本次毕业设计是在xx老师的悉心指导下完成的,在此我首先要向认真严谨的xx老师表示真挚的敬意和谢意,也向在座的xx老师、xx老师、xx老师等所有老师四年来孜孜不倦的教诲,以及今天不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢。

下面我将本论文设计的主要内容向各位老师作一汇报,恳请各位老师给予批评与指导。

结束语:在做这个设计的过程中,我尽可能多地收集了一些资料,从中学到了许多有用的东西,也积累了不少经验,但由于自己学识浅薄,认识能力不足,在理解上有诸多偏颇和浅薄的地方,也由于理论功底的薄弱,存有不少逻辑不畅和辞不达意的问题,可能会与老师的期望相差较远,许多问题还有待于进一步思考和探索。

借此答辩机会,万分恳切的希望各位老师能够提出宝贵的意见,多指出这篇论文的错误和不足之处,我将虚心接受,从而进一步深入学习研究,使该设计得到完善和提高。我的介绍完了,谢谢!请各位老师提问。

注意事项

论文答辩小组一般由三至五名、有关专家组成,对文章中不清楚、不详细、不完备、不恰当之处,在答辩会上提出来。

毕业论文答辩的主要目的,是审查文章的真伪、审查写作者知识掌握的深度,审查文章是否符合体裁格式,以求进一步提高。学生通过答辩,让、专家进一步了解文章立论的依据,处理课题的实际能力。这是学生可以获得锻炼和提高的难得机会,应把它看作治学的“起点”。

毕业论文答辩稿开头结尾写什么

毕业答辩开场白和结束语:

大家好!

我叫xxx,是xx专业xx班,我参加答辩的论文题目是《xxxxxxxx》。本论文是在xx老师的指导下完成的。在我论文写作期间,xx老师从论文的选题、资料的运用、论文结构的安以及论文的整个文字给予了认真的指导和修改。对xx老师的工作在此表示衷心感谢。

各位评委老师,我的论文虽然已经顺利完成,并且参加了答辩,但是,受学术水平和专业经验的限制,对这问题的研究肯定会有疏漏,请各位评委老师批评指正,请各位评委老师就我的论文提出问题并给予指导帮助。谢谢!

开场白和结束语在职称答辩中是两个必须具备的部分,是答辩整个过程的开始和结束,特别是开场白尤为重要,一个好的开场白容一个评委组留下良好的印象。

简单来说开场白就三部分内容,自我介绍,包括姓名、单位、职务等基本信息,其次简单介绍自己文章的标题,最后是对评委组的感谢,这就构成了一个合格的开场白,随后答辩人员就可以向评委组阐述自己文章的主要内容了。结束语也很简单,答辩人在结束语中要本着谦虚并且奋进的态度,说明自己最燃取得了一些成绩但仍需继续努力,今后在本职岗位上也会孜孜不倦继续努力,最后别忘了再次表达对评审组的感谢就可以了,所以答辩中这两部分是非常容易把握的,申报人对这两部分无需太过担心。

答辩回答问题要注意的几点:

1、正确、准确。正面回答问题,不转换论题,更不要答非所问。

2、重点突出。抓住主题、要领,抓住关键词语,言简意赅。

3、清晰明白。开门见山,直接入题,不绕圈子。

4、有答有辩。有坚持真理、修正错误的勇气。既敢于阐发自己独到的新观点、真知灼见,维护自己正确观点,反驳错误观点,又敢于承认自己的不足,修正失误。

答辩过程中,最关键的是阐述自己的工作业绩也相关成果,如果对评审组的提问不知道如何作答也不要过于紧张,只要实事求是回答就可以了,以上是对职称答辩的简单提示。

第一开门见山法。“各位评委老师,你们好,我是5号答辩学生,我今天答辩的题目是……”

这就是一种答辩的方式,这种答辩的方式省去了一些拐弯抹角的说辞,让评委老师听起来很舒服。

第二直奔主题法。“各位评委老师好,下面我开始答辩,请大家批评指正”。这也是一种答辩的开场白,这种开场白比第一种开场白更加的简洁明了。

因为我们在答辩的时候还会制作PPT来进行展示,所以你在PPT上已经有了的一些内容,就完全没有必要再重复去说一遍了,甚至连你的姓名,你的答辩的题目都不用说了。

第三表达感谢法。“尊敬的各位评委老师,大家辛苦了,我是今天最后一位答辩的学生,感谢你们给我这次答辩的机会,考虑到各位评委老师都比较辛苦,我简要向大家介绍我的论文”。

第四不按常理出牌法。

不按常理出牌呢顾名思义就是不按一般人的套路来进行答辩,一般大家都是按照写作依据、主要论点、创新点和不足这几个方面来进行答辩。

那么有的人他就会另辟蹊径,就只讲自己的论文创新点,然后一上来就开始说创新点。

毕业答辩的结束语,简单一两句话总结后就直接表示感谢后结束,不拖泥带水

毕业答辩最后的结束语,就只有最简单的3句话:

第一句:用一句话总结一下你的毕业论文或毕业设计的结论。

第二句:明确告诉大家,答辩陈述结束。“我的毕业论文答辩陈述就到这里,感谢聆听,也感谢某某导师对我的指导”。

第三句:下面欢迎各位老师对我进行提问。

硕士论文答辩开头和结尾

论文陈述可以很好地组织和发展论点,并为读者提供关于论点的“指南”。

论文陈述包含以下内容:

1、陈述你对这个主题的主要观点

陈述观点时一定要表达一个主要思想,并陈述你的立场或看法。关于主题,需思考:

2、给出几个支持主要观点的理由

理由要写清楚,一定要用符合逻辑的事实和证据来支持这个理由。

3、给出一个与主要观点相反的观点

一个好的论文陈述要承认论点存在另一面。所以,同学可以在论文陈述中给出一个反论点。

论文陈述写作示例:

1、首先,从一个问题开始。例如:互联网对教育有正面或负面的影响吗?

2、其次,表明你对这个问题的立场。例如:互联网对教育的正面影响大于负面影响。

3、最后,发展你的答案。例如:互联网使用的负面影响被其对教育的诸多好处所抵消:互联网有助于学生和老师更容易地获取信息、接触不同的观点,以及这是一个灵活的学习环境。

研究生毕业论文答辩流程及注意要点

在论文答辩前,考生准备的充分与否是保证论文质量与效果的关键,也是答辩出彩的关键。以下是我为大家收集的研究生毕业论文答辩流程及注意要点,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

一、答辩前的准备工作

(一)全力消化自己所写的论文

研究生要明确目的、端正态度、树立信心,通过硕士论文答辩这一环节,来提高自己的分析能力、概括能力及表达能力。在反复阅读、审查自己硕士论文的基础上,写好供15分钟左右用的答辩报告书特别要注意以下几点:

1、突出选题的重要性和意义。

2、介绍论文的主要观点与结构安排(这部分只说明标题就行,不要论述内容,因老师已经看过你的论文)。

3、强调论文的新意与独创性。

4、说明做了哪些必要的工作。

(二)物质准备

准备参加答辩会所需携带的用品:

1、硕士论文的底稿。

2、答辩报告书。

3、主要参考资料,答辩时虽然不能依赖这些资料,但带上这些资料,当遇到一时记不起来时,稍微翻阅一下有关资料,就可以避免出现答不上来的尴尬和慌乱。4、记录用稿纸。以便把答辩老师所提出的问题和有价值的意见、见解记录下来。通过记录,不仅可以减缓紧张心理,而且还可以更好地吃透老师所提问的要害和实质是什么,同时还可以边记边思考,使思考的过程变得很自然。(以后要准备PPT以备辅助介绍)。

5、着衣冠整洁大方、庄重,穿着尽量正式些的为好,着衣能给答辩老师一个最直接的影响你对答辩的重视程度。

(三)调整好心态

要进行答辩,首先就要明确论文答辩想考察研究生什么。硕士教育重在训练科学的思维、如何将科学成果转化为学术文章甚至是创造社会效益。因此,通过论文答辩可以考察到如下:

1、论文的真实性。实事求是乃科学研究的基础,论文本身必须真实可靠,弄虚作假难逃答辩委员会专家们的火眼金睛。如果在这方面出现问题,论文势必不能通过专家评审。

2、考察相关知识与应用能力。

3、考察研究生的综合素质、包括答辩者的表达能力。

成功的演讲是自信和技巧的结合,扎实的专业知识和细致周到的答辩准备工作是成功的前提。使用一些答辩技巧也不可缺少,可以充分展示整理研究材料、展示研究成果的能力,让别人知道自己都做了什么。要想这场战争获胜,就必须对答辩的目的、程序、可能遇到的问题及解决方法进行深入剖析,做到胸有成竹,不要紧张,要以必胜的信心,饱满的热情参加答辩。

二、硕士论文答辩程序

(一)研究生向答辩委员会报告自己硕士论文的简要情况(时间约15分钟)。

答辩报告的内容主要包括:

1、论文的内容、目的和意义;

2、硕士论文的基本内容及主要方法;

3、成果、结论和对自己完成任务的评价,强调论文的新意与独创性。

(二)答辩委员会专家提出问题(时间10~15分钟)。

提问一般包括以下三个方面的内容:

1、需要进一步说明的问题;

2、论文所涉及的有关基本理论、知识和技能;

3、考察研究生综合素质的有关问题。

答辩老师一般的提问类型:

1、对选题意义提问;

2、对重要观点及概念提问;

3、对论文新意提问;

4、对论文细节提问;

5、对论文数据来源提问;

6、对论文薄弱环节提问;

7、对建议可行性提问;

8、对自己所做工作的提问;

9、对超出论文范围的提问;

10、没有标准答案的提问;

11、对格式是否规范化的提问。

答辩提问时须知:

1、应用能力与知识宽度的准备;

2、作好常规性问题的准备;

3、细节问题不可忽视;

4、对自身能力的考查;

5、对论文可行性把握。

三、如何答辩

(一)掌握总体

以下五点是同学们答辩时必须做到:

1、脱稿汇报;

2、突出重点;

3、抓住兴趣;

4、掌握时间;

5、留下伏笔。

(二)开场白的准备

答辩开始时要向专家问好,开场白是整个论文答辩的正式开始,它可以吸引注意力、建立可信性、预告答辩的意图和主要内容。好的开始是成功的一半,要切合主题、符合答辩基调、运用适当的语言。应避免负面开头,如自我辩解等(如我最近找工作压力太大,准备不充分我工作太忙,准备不太好),既不能体现对答辩委员会专家的尊重,也是个人自信不足的表现,答辩者在各位专家的第一印象中大打折扣。牢记谦虚谨慎是我国的传统美德,但是谦虚并非不自信。同时也要避免自我表现,洋洋得意,寻求赞赏。过度的表现,会引起答辩委员会专家的反感,(如经过这么多年的思考,我认为我的这种制度设计已经达到最科学,最完美的)。

(三)报告论文

报告时应注意:掌握时间、扼要介绍、沉着冷静,语音优美,用普通话,抑扬顿挫,表情丰富,表达淋漓尽致,语气上要用肯定的语言,是即是,非即非,不能模棱两可。内容上紧扣主题,表达上口齿清楚、流利,声音要响亮,富于感染力,可使用适当的手势,以取得答辩的最佳效果。我参加的答辩会上大部分同学是用比较小的音量进行陈述,估计只有前两排的人才听得清楚。声音大有三个好处:一是增强胆量,减少怯场,二是更加引起老师的注意力,三是会使自己更富激情,从而感染老师。当然,语言的流畅性、信服力等,非一日之功,看临场发挥了。

(四)如何回答答辩委员会专家提出的问题

研究生报告结束后,答辩委员会专家将会每人提出二到四个问题,记录问题时注意进行确认是否理解正确,有些专家的声音比较低沉,你听不清时,一定要追问一下老师您的意思是?理解错问题就麻烦了,导致回答问题时非常被动。专家提问不管妥当与否,都要耐心倾听,不要随便打断别人的问话。对专家提出的问题,当回答完整、自我感觉良好时,不要流露出骄傲情绪。如果确实不知如何回答时,应直接向专家说明,不要答非所问。对没有把握的问题,不要强词夺理,实事求是表明自己对这个问题还没搞清楚,今后一定要认真研究这个问题。总之,答辩中应实事求是,不卑不亢,有礼有节,时刻表现出对专家的尊重和感谢。注意答辩不纯粹是学术答辩,非学术成分大约占一半,要显示出自己各方面的成熟,要证明自己有了学术研究的能力。

有时答辩委员会的老师对答辩人所作的回答不太满意,还会进一步提出问题,以求了解论文作者是否切实搞清和掌握了这个问题。遇到这种情况,答辩人如果有把握讲清,就可以申明理由进行答辩;如果不太有把握,可以审慎地试着回答,能回答多少就回答多少,即使讲得不很确切也不要紧,只要是同问题有所关联,老师会引导和启发你切入正题;如果确是自己没有搞清的问题,就应该实事求是地讲明自己对这个问题还没有搞清楚,表示今后一定认真研究这个问题,切不可强词夺理,进行狡辩。因为,答辩委员会的老师对这个问题有可能有过专门研究,再高明的也不可能蒙他。这里我们应该明白:学员在答辩会上,某个问题被问住是不奇怪的,因为答辩委员会成员一般是本学科的专家。他们提出来的某个问题答不上来是很自然的。当然,所有问题都答不上来,一问三不知就不正常了。

答辩中,有时主答辩老师会提出与你的论文中基本观点不同的观点,然后请你谈谈看法,此时就应全力为自己观点辩护,反驳与自己观点相对立的思想。主答辩老师在提问的问题中,有的是基础知识性的问题,有的是学术探讨性的问题,对于前一类问题,是要你作出正确、全面地回答,不具有商讨性。而后一类问题,是非正误并未定论,持有不同观点的人可以互相切磋商讨。如果你所写的论文的基本观点是经过自己深思熟虑,又是言之有理、持之有据,能自圆其说的,就不要因为答辩委员会成员提出不同的见解,就随声附和,放弃自己的观点。否则,就等于是你自己否定了自己辛辛苦苦写成的论文。要知道,有的答辩老师提出的与你论文相左的观点,并不是他本人的观点,他提出来无非是想听听你对这种观点的评价和看法,或者是考考你的答辩能力或你对自己观点的坚定程度。退一步说,即使是提问老师自己的观点,你也应该抱着吾爱吾师,吾更爱真理的态度,据理力争,与之展开辩论。不过,与答辩老师展开辩论要注意分寸,运用适当的辩术。一般说,应以维护自己的观点为主,反驳对方的论点要尽可能采用委婉的语言,请教的口气,用旁说、暗说、绕着说的办法,不露痕迹地把自己的观点输入对方,让他们明理而诚服或暗服。让提问老师虽接受你的意见,但自己的自尊并没受到伤害。

(五)结束语和致谢

报告结束前一定要进行致谢。论文答辩之后,作者应该认真听取答辩委员会的评判,进一步分析、思考答辩老师提出的意见,总结论文写作的经验教训。一方面,要搞清楚通过这次毕业论文写作,自己学习和掌握了哪些科学研究的方法,在提出问题、分析问题、解决问题以及科研能力上得到了提高。还存在哪些不足,作为今后研究其他课题时的借鉴。另一方面,要认真思索论文答辩会上,答辩老师提出的问题和意见,修改自己的论文,加深研究,精心修改自己的论文,求得纵深发展,取得更大的战果。使自己在知识上、能力上有所提高。

好运伴随你们,祝愿你们答辩顺利!

一、毕业论文答辩的目的意义

毕业论文考察的是学员在校学习阶段全部学业的综合成果,包括是否具有:与学历水平相适应的系统、完整的专业知识,较高的理论分析水平和较强的解决实际问题的能力,较强的文章写作能力和语言表达能力。毕业论文答辩除了辅助考察以上内容外,重点考察口头语言的表达能力和思维的敏捷程度。其作用可概括为“检查”、“交流”和“发展”。具体为:1.检验论文写作的真实程度、下工夫程度。2.考察学员的口头语言表达能力。3.测验学员思维的应变能力和深入分析能力。4.测评学员的记忆能力。5.考察与论文相关知识的广度。6.使学员之间相互交流、相互启发。7.使师生之间相互交流、教学相长。8.指出论文的不足和今后的完善意见。9.提供答辩的标准和典范。10.启发学员进一步思考,发展毕业论文。

二、毕业论文答辩的范围内容

(一)自我简介部分

1.介绍论文写作的缘由、目的、意义。2.介绍论文写作的基本过程,包括:选题、收集材料、分析研究、确立观点、组织材料、安排结构、语言的使用、文章修改、参考书。3.介绍论文的基本内容、主要观点、中心观点、主要材料。4.介绍论文的特点、创新、发展。

(二)提问问答部分

1.论文本身的知识

(1)内容上的知识:包括基本概念、名词解释、原理分析、原理运用、案例分析、难点和重点分析、论文的特色分析。例如:“请从概念的内涵和外延上解释什么是,技术创新,?”“什么是司法腐败?有什么特征?”“聘任制与传统任命制的主要区别是什么?”“吸取聘任制的优点改造、并继续使用任命制行不行?”“这个问题前人早有研究,请谈谈你的不同见解”“当前企业思想政治工作的难点有那些?”等。对只列出“条条”缺乏分析的可以提问:“请分析各个条条之间的关系”;对只有理论分析而缺乏实践的可以提问:“请举一例进行分析”对提出各种措施方案的可以问:“请分析一下措施方案的合理性和可行性”。

(2)写作上的知识:包括语言的准确性、概括性,论点的分析化(内化、具体化)、系统化,论证的严密性、结构层次的清晰性。例如,如果这样提问“在管理方略与形式多样化的创新方式中有哪些应遵循的原则?”学员可以做一般性的回答。现改为“请用三句话概括在管理方略与形式多样化的创新中应遵循的基本原则。”这样考察的是学员的语言概括能力。

2.论文的相关知识

包括与论文相关的理论、知识、案例、应涉及的问题。例如,《金融罪的特征》一文,该文容量太小,系统不完整,只论述了“特征”,按理还应论述“怎样防治”,才与毕业论文的容量相当。因而提出“你对防治金融罪有什么想法“,既考察了学员的知识系统,也使学员认识到原文的不足。再如,《试论依法行政》一文,针对“依法”这个论题提问,“请列举几个需要,依,的法律文书的名称”,以此考察对法律的熟悉程度。

3.论文存在的问题

包括漏洞、不足、错误。

三、教师的主导作用

1.教师的素质

在答辩过程中导师是提问的主体,学员是答辩的主体。导师起着主导作用。导师自身的素质非常关键。导师应当具有:

(l)学者的智慧。导师对毕业论文选题专业应当具有广博的专业知识体系和深入的研究成果。应当具有很强的理解力和思辨性、对一个课题能够很快就抓住实质,明了其理论价值和实用价值,能够缕出该论题应该论证的框架结构和知识系统,分析出论文质量的高低和存在的问题或不足,有针对性地进行答辩指导。

(2)记者的敏捷。答辩过程是一个即时性的、面对面的交锋过程。有些文章和问题是当场看的或听的,时间很短,不容长时慢慢思考。导师应当具有记者的敏捷性,思维要快,善于迅速理解、记住、并很快形成判断,在适当的时候提出问题。还应当善于与学员沟通感情、进行交流。

(3)主持人的协调。现在的答辩,往往是许多学员同时进行,还有主答、副主答、记录员、甚至巡视员等,导师、特别是主答导师应当具有“节目主持人”的协调能力,应善于掌握现场的.气氛、调动大家的积极性。使答辩在轻松、愉快、有序的氛围中进行。

(4)教师的风范。教师是“园丁”“蜡烛”。导师应当是知识的象征、循循善诱的象征、与人为善的象征。

答辩不是难为学员,而是一次交流和再教学。答辩中一定要充分展示出教师的师德、才学和风范。

2.提问的原则

(l)以论文的内容为基础,兼顾相关的知识、内容。

(2)难易程度适中、大小适中。例如,论文《企业精神的培育必须和创新活动一道进行》如果提问“为什么企业精神的培育必须和创新活动一道进行”,这个问题就太大了。因为全文论述的就是这个问题。如果这样问一“企业精神与创新活动有那些一致性”就比较适中。

(3)明确、具体、容易理解。例如,问题“国有企业经营体制如何创新?”问题提得有些大,而且泛。改为“什么是创新?新的标准和模式是什么?怎样创新?”3个问题,就具体、明确多了,而且提得更有深度和专业性。学员也好理解。

(4)针对学员、突出个性。学员来自不同的岗位、职业,提问题应突出其特点、发挥其所长。

(5)适当启发、深入引导。对有些问题应当给予启发、引导,调动学员的思维能动性,并使学员按照导师的思路深入思考,提高答辩的针对性和集中性。

(6)考察性而非询问性、答辩性而非辩论性。对学员的提问是一种考察,在学员谈到一些导师自己不了解的问题时,可以适当的问一点,但是不要形成“询问”,而失去身份。在答辩中有时和学员意见不一至,可以适当交换意见,但不能成为“辩论”,而模糊了答辩的主角。

(7)避免与简介内容相重复。有些问题在简介中己经谈了,在提问时就不要在重复了。

(8)提关键性问题。例如,一篇文章提出“做人要正”。什么是“正”,文章的论述很模糊。对此提出问题:“何谓管理者做人要正?请从概念的内涵和外延上给予解释”,进一步从词法学角度进行启发,使问题走向深入。

3.提问的类型

可分为“事先提出”(答辩前完成)和“临场抓题”(答辩中随时提出);“复述型”(死题)和“引申型”(活题)两类四种问题。“事先题”在答辩前10分钟给学员,让学员有个短时准备;“临场题”随时提问,以考察学员的思维的敏捷程度。“引申题”的难度比“复述题”要大,可对学员进行更深入的考察。例如,论文《浅论现代企业制度》,提问:“为什么建立现代企业制度是市场经济发展的必然?建立现代企业制度有那些要求?应注意那些问题?”即为“复述型”问题。因为原文就是从这三个方面进行论述的。如果提问:“请问现代企业制度能解决国有大中型企业的难题吗?”即为“引申型”的问题。因为,要回答这个问题必须解决好三个问题:一、什么是现代企业制度?二、当前国有大中型企业的难点是什么?三、现代企业制度的内容能解决这些问题吗?显然,这是一个很活、很有份量的问题。

4.提问的方法

(l)一次性提问法。一次性提问法适于提出较大的问题,适于考察学员系统思考、全面表述问题的能力。

(2)追问式提问法。有些问题可采取追问的方法,步步把问题引向深入。“追问法”适于考察学员针对性定向思维、快捷思维、深入思维的能力。例如,《试论依法治军》一文,先问“请简述依法治军存在那几种认识上的偏差”,然后针对学员回答的“认为依法治军会削弱当党的领导的威信”,问:“会不会削弱”和“为什么不会?”

(3)启发式提问法。答辩不仅仅是“考察”,而且是一种“教学”。“启发式”提问是调动学员思维潜力,把答辩的“教学”功能开发出来的有效手段。例如,《对当前企业避税的调整与措施》一文,其标题存在着概念与语问题。首先问“企业避税是合理的还是不合理的?”学员回答“当然是不合理的。”接着问“对不合理的东西用’调整,一词是否恰当?因为’调整,一词是中性词,多用于中性对象。如,对政策调整,。”学员一时不能理解。接着进一步问“一般对偷漏税行为用’防治,或,防范,,那么你的文章标题是否应当修改一下?”这种提问即为启发式提问。

(4)示范式提问法。有些学员回答问题不得法,有必要给以示范演示。例如,在向学员提出“为什么要选择,国有企业职工思想政治工作,这个选题”时,学员回答得不得法,话是讲了不少,但没有讲在点子上。于是导师做了示范式的引导,“当前企业的思想政治工作不好做,国有困难企业的思想工作就更不好做。为此,我选择了这个很有实际意义的难题,以期尽策尽力。对下一个问题请按照这种思路回答。”对后面的回答提供了范例。

(5)补充式提问法。主要用于各位答辩导师提问之间的相互补充。

(6)归纳评价式“提问”。结束答辩时应对学员的答辩进行简单的归纳或评价。

四、学生的答辩技巧

1.认真写作、写好提纲、临阵磨枪

首先,应当认真、下工夫撰写论文,这是答辩好的前提。其次,在答辩前反复阅读论文,对论文的内容要了如指掌,记忆在心。再者,要准备一些与论文有关的材料,诸如应涉及的问题、今后的打算、最新的看法等。还要调整好精神状态,放松情绪,使答辩有一个良好思维状态。必要时搞一个答辩提纲,使答辩前的准备落到实处。

2.弄清题意、如实回答、扬长避短

事先应了解答辩的基本内容、题型和提问的方法。答辩中认真领会导师的题意,针对问题答其所问。不能理解或答不上来的问题,应向导师如实讲明或请导师换个问题。不要不懂装懂,胡乱对付。应发挥自己的特长。诸如理论特长、实践特长、专业特长。成人学员尤应如此。

3.掌握方法、突出语感、强化效果

答辩如同写文章,论述性文章的基本论证方法也是答辩的基本方法,应当熟练运用。同时,还应针对答辩时“口语性”,使用一些技巧。主要有以下几种方法:

(l)理论分析法。运用理论分析和逻辑推理的方法进行答辩,诸如演推理、归纳推理、类比推理、对比比喻等方法。如用马克思主义政治经济学的基本原理论证加强企业思想政治工作的重要性。

(2)实证论述法。用工作实践中具体事例来证实某些理论、原理、论断的科学有效性。事实可以是他人、他单位的间接事实,也可以是本人、本单位的直接事实。成人学员应以后者取胜。

(3)分析综合法。分析即把一个整体分解为若干个组成部分,或把一个基本问题展开为具体细节;综合即把若干部分综合为一个整体,或把一些具体问题抽象为一个基本原理。没有分析,不会深入、具体;没有综合不能找出联系,掌握本质,上升为理论。

分析还是一种直接论证的方法,诸如分析特点、分析本质、分析因果、分析意义、分析危害、分析主客观因素、分析条件、分析联系、分析规律等。答辩时应充分使用。

(4)对策论证法即结合实践经验拿出解决新问题的宏观策略或微观战术,发挥成人学员工作经验丰富的特长。但需要指出的是,既然是论文,就必须在“论”字上做文章,不仅要拿出对策方案说明怎样做,还要说明为什么要这样做,论证其合理性与可行性。

(5)以纲带目法在展开论述一个问题之前,先把这个问题的主要纲目分条列项地述说一遍。然后再逐一展开。该方法对口头答辩有着特殊的效果。可增强条理性、强化记忆力、引导答辩定向展开、使观点与材料有机统一。

(6)适当重复法答辩如同演讲。其口头语言说过即逝。为强化听觉效果,适当的重复有关内容,是答辩的有效技巧。结尾总结全文是一种特殊的重复,更有归纳全文、突出整主题、强化效果的作用。

五、答辩的组织工作

1.答辩人员的组合

有关领导应充分认识毕业论文答辩的重要性,作好组织工作。其中最主要的是答辩小组人员的组合。答辩小组一般由主答、副主答、秘书等组成。应有合理的专业结构、层次结构和职能结构。专业结构方面:应以毕业论文的学科专业为依据。由专业基础课(包括写作课的教师)、专业课、相关专业课的教师和实际工作者构成。其中实际工作者也非常必要,对于考察理论联系实际的能力有不可或缺的作用。层次结构方面:应有教授、副教授、教师、助教等不同层次的人员为好。便于从不同层次角度考察学员。职能结构方面:主要是主答、副主答、秘书的分工应科学合理,是答辩工作高效、有序地进行。当前的毕业论文答辩中,人员结构不合理的现象很突出,应着重解决。

2.答辩程序的制定

应当制定严密、有序、全方位的毕业论文答辩程序。把答辩的前的毕业论文的执笔写作和答辩后的总结列入答辩的程序之中。答辩的具体环节:诸如答辩前的指导、答辩组织的建立、人员的确定、答辩的出题、答辩的现场管理、答辩的提问、学员的解答、内容的记录、成绩的评定、答辩工作的总结等都应科学化、规范化、制度化,对保证答辩工作的顺利进行和提高答辩质量有着举足轻重的作用。

下面是由整理的硕士论文答辩开场白,欢迎阅读。

硕士论文答辩开场白

各位老师,下午好! 我叫***,是**级**班的学生,我的论文题目是--------------------,论文是在**导师的悉心指点下完成的,在这里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意,向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢,并对三年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要内容向各位老师作一汇报,恳请各位老师批评指导。

首先,我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的目的及意义。

作为计算机应用的一部分,图书销售管理系统对图书销售进行管理,具有着手工管理所无法比拟的优点,极大地提高图书销售管理效率及在同行业中的竞争力.因此,图书销售管理系统有着广泛的市场前景和实际的应用价值.

其次,我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要内容。

本文分成五个部分.

第一部分是综述.这部分主要论述本系统开发的目的和意义,与业务相关的管理原理,以及与系统相关MIS系统开发原理与方法。

第二部分是系统分析.这部分分析用户需求,进行调查研究和分析,目的是根据用户的需求和资源条件,以现状为基础,确定新系统的逻辑模型,即从抽象的信息管理角度出发,为使用户满意,系统应对哪些信息做怎样一些存储、变换与传递,具备哪些功能,从而明确系统应该做些什么。

第三部分是系统设计.通过系统总体设计及详细设计对系统分析的结果进行整合,目的是要得到一个令用户满意的良好的实现方案。

第四部分是系统实现.根据系统设计的内容,讨论了该系统对人员与平台的要求,以及数据库表结构的建立与数据输入,并进行应用程序设计与测试.

第五部分是系统运行.这部分描述了系统操作使用的方法,进行一些系统测试,并评价了该系统.

最后,我想谈谈这篇论文和系统存在的不足。

这篇论文的写作以及系统开发的过程,也是我越来越认识到自己知识与经验缺乏的过程。虽然,我尽可能地收集材料,竭尽所能运用自己所学的知识进行论文写作和系统开发,但论文还是存在许多不足之处,系统功能并不完备,有待改进.请各位评委老师多批评指正,让我在今后的学习中学到更多。

谢谢!

硕士论文答辩流程

(一)宣讲论文开场白

答辩硕士生用15-30分钟报告学位论文主要内容。建议答辩者根据事先准备的开场白演讲稿,借助多媒体或幻灯片,边演示边介绍,并尽可能脱稿演讲。

(二)高校专家提问

专家以学位论文的研究内容为基础并兼顾相关的知识进行提问;所提问题应具有考察性而非询问性,应难易程度适中、大小适度,先易后难、逐步深入,表述明确、具体、容易理解等。同时,专家对答辩硕士应适当启发、深入引导。

(三)回答专家问题

答辩硕士宣讲论文完毕后,要集中注意力记录专家提出的问题,以便做出完整的答复;并将幻灯片返回到“论文题目”页,以便专家准确提问。通常,经过短暂的准备后,答辩硕士用大约30分钟的时间对专家提问做出认真回答。

(四)专家同意表决

答辩完成后,答辩硕士生暂时离开会场,答辩委员会根据论文质量和答辩情况进行讨论,并对论文和答辩过程中的情况进行小结,肯定优点,指出错误或不足之处。答辩委员会的小结内容包括评述论文内容和论文结构、提出论文存在的问题、评价学位论文和论文答辩情况等。最后,答辩委员会以无记名投票表决的方式决定论文答辩是否通过。通常,至少要有2/3的答辩委员同意通过,才能确定硕士生通过论文答辩。此外,答辩委员会的投票结果要记录在案。

(五)宣布答辩结果

答辩开场白的硕士生重新进入答辩会场后,由答辩委员会主席宣读答辩委员会对论文答辩的《决议书》和投票表决结果。对不能通过答辩的硕士生,答辩委员会要提出论文修改意见,允许答辩者在1年内修改论文后另行答辩。

论文答辩的技巧

论文答辩并不等于是宣读论文,而是要抓住论文的要点进行概括性的、简明扼要的、生动的阐述,并对专家的提问做出全面、准确的回答。论文答辩是显示真才实学的好机会,硕士生应该掌握答辩技巧,善于表现自己。

(一)论文答辩前的准备

1.熟悉论文,写好提纲

硕士生必须对论文的全部内容了如指掌,特别是要对论文的主体部分和结论部分进行反复推敲、仔细审查。首先,要明确论文开场白的基本观点和主要论点的基本依据;弄懂弄通论文中所使用的主要概念的确切含义,以及所运用的基本原理的主要内容。其次,要仔细查阅论文中有无自相矛盾、谬误、片面或模糊不清的地方,以及有无与党的政策方针相冲突之处等。如果发现有上述问题,要在答辩前做好充分准备,即进行适当的补充、修正、解说等。第三,在答辩提纲中首先要确定讲述的要点,然后围绕这个要点按照逻辑顺序列出以下内容:为什么要进行这项研究、研究是怎样进行的、通过研究发现了什么等。最后,根据答辩提纲分别从论文中提取需要简要论述的有关内容,重点突出所研究课题取得的进展和成果。

2.科学预测,处处设防

首先,要预先准备一份口语化的论文答辩讲稿,这可避免宣讲时因一时想不起合适的词语而出现过多的停顿。其次,论文答辩讲稿写完后,要进行多次的校核,以确保用语的准确。硕士生可先进行一次由导师和其他相关人员参加的预答辩。正式答辩前的预答辩非常重要,可以让答辩学生及时补充论文内容的不足、修正谬误等。而且,预答辩时,专家提出的问题很可能也是正式答辩时专家提出的问题。这可以使答辩学生对答辩问题有所准备。第三,要进一步熟悉论文答辩讲稿,以保证宣讲时可以做到脱稿,并有效地控制各部分内容的宣讲时间。

3.精选图表,强化效果

硕士生学位论文答辩通常要求将讲稿与多媒体幻灯片紧密结合在一起。因此,在准备答辩幻灯片时,幻灯片的内容要简洁,控制在25~30页;宣讲用的图表数量要少,要使用可视性强、趋势明显的图,且不同曲线最好用不同的颜色加以区别。由于学位论文使用的表格不一定适合宣讲时用,所以幻灯片中的表格项目应尽量简化,一般行不超过4项、列在10项以内为宜。此外,由于图比表更易理解,解释起来更节省时间,所以说明趋势、表示差距的表格可以改用图来表示[3-5]。

(二)硕士答辩会的表现

1.开宗明义,消除紧张

在硕士生的一生中,学位论文答辩具有重要的意义,所以答辩时硕士生应有足够的自信,站姿要挺拔,声音要洪亮,语言要清晰、流畅,对专家要有礼貌。答辩会上,除了要保证仪容、仪表大方以外,首先要努力组织一个好的开头,答辩一开始就抓住听众的注意力;讲述论文各部分时,要尽快涉及要点,语速要适当。答辩学生可以尝试使用恰当的表情和语言,包括手势、眼神等,以吸引听众,引起他们听的兴趣,但也要避免过分夸张渲染。

由于硕士生缺乏相关的锻炼、对论文内容不熟等,所以答辩时容易紧张,以致答辩声音过小,或者说话含混不清,甚至始终不敢抬头,害怕与专家的视线相对。针对这些问题,硕士生除了在答辩前应做好充分的准备以外,答辩时可将视线集中在台下听众的额头部位,这样既可避免视线相对造成的紧张情绪,也可给人以自信的感觉。

2.思路清晰,用语准确

硕士生在答辩论文前要梳理出一条清晰的思路;回答问题时要具有针对性,突出重点,简练得体。回答问题时,首先要认真审题,要立即明确“该题主要应回答什么、从哪几方面论述、其中有什么难点、我将怎样回答”等,要做到胸有成竹。其次,语言要简练,不要含混不清、模棱两可,不要过多地使用“大概”、“可能”、“也许”等词语,也不要重复习惯性的口头禅。否则,很容易分散听者对正在讲述内容的注意力。此外,答辩中要注意用语的礼貌性和准确性,当然也不要过多地使用谦词,给人以讲述问题缺乏信心的映象,而要用充满自信、流畅、肯定的语气来回答问题。

3.以纲带目,适当重复

在展开论述一个问题之前,应先把该问题的主要纲目分条述说一遍,然后再逐一展开。这样,可以增强条理性,强化记忆,使观点和材料有机统一,从而达到较好的答辩效果。同时,为了强化听觉效果,适当重复有关内容是答辩的有效技巧。例如,在答辩结尾时,总结全文是一种特殊的重复。最后扼要地复述一遍论文的主要论点和结论,可以加深专家及其他听众对论文的理解。但是,要注意结尾陈述不要太长,否则会显得过于罗嗦,从而产生适得其反的效果。

4.控制时间,灵活组织

如何在有限的时间内把要讲的内容讲完,并让听众完全理解所讲的内容,是答辩成功与否的关键。首先,在正式答辩前,答辩者不仅要多次试讲,还要熟悉所用各种设备的使用方法,以免用时忙乱、耽误时间。其次,在答辩过程中,答辩者要注意随时调整语速和叙述的详略,不要等到没有时间了才发现很多重要的内容还没有讲。

多媒体或幻灯片是较为先进的演示工具,其优越性已越来越为许多科学工作者所认识。正确地使用幻灯片,不仅可以节省时间和精力,使答辩者灵活控制整个答辩过程;而且可以调节听众的情绪,使宣讲显得生动活泼。因此,答辩者应认真做好幻灯片。幻灯片的内容不宜过长,尽量避免论文内容的罗列,要有主次感,要用最简练的语言概括整篇论文的核心内容。每张幻灯片上的项目不要过多,应尽量使人一目了然。此外,制作幻灯片时要充分考虑清晰度,追求背景色与文字的互相衬托,所配的解说词要简洁明了,要留出看清每张幻灯片的时间等。

5.弄清题意,如实回答

在答辩中,要先听清楚专家的问题,认真领会题意,正确理解专家提问的动机,并针对问题核心抓住重点回答;不要答非所问,从而引发更多的问题。在回答问题时,答辩硕士生要保持谦虚的态度,对自己没有把握回答的问题,可以申明理由;对个别专家在未搞清论文大意的情况下提出的一些问题,要认真回答,适当说明。特别要牢记,要尊重答辩专家,不要过分争辩。

答辩时答不上或答不好问题,不一定都会影响答辩成绩。因为有时候专家看某个答辩者的论文写得好,答辩也不错,会有意提出1-2个学术难度大和争论多的问题,以便与答辩者进行深入交流,从而进一步对答辩者的研究能力进行考察。所以对答不上来或没有理解清楚的问题,答辩硕士生应向专家如实讲明,或把自己的理解说出来,千万不要不懂装懂、胡乱对付。

英语论文答辩稿结尾格式

英语毕业的论文答辩稿(精选6篇)

毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩,在举行答辩会前,校方、答辩委员会、答辩者(撰写毕业论文的作者)三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我整理的英语毕业的论文答辩稿(精选6篇),欢迎大家分享。

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !

晚上好,所有的评估委员会成员。我来自HUST,主修外国语言学和应用语言学。我是xxx,我的主管是教授。 xxx。凭着她的真诚和智慧的指导,近一年的辛苦工作,我已经完成了我的论文。最后,这是展示时间。今天晚上,我将向大家致以衷心的感谢,我衷心地欢迎您的加入。

我的论文的标题是哥特式风格的研究

我希望通过研究这个短小的故事,我们可以在某些历史和文化中更多地描述美国南方妇女,更多地要求帮助现代社会的妇女对自己有一个广泛的了解,帮助我们提高我的独立性和信心,并更多地关注我们的心理健康该

接下来,我将向您介绍。这是我演讲的大纲。他们是文学评论,哥特式传统,哥特式风格的故事和哥特风格的原因。

本文由六部分组成。第一部分提出了作者威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner)和艾米莉·艾丝丽(A Rose)的作者,指出了这项研究的目的.和意义。第二部分是文献综述,对国内外这本小说进行了相关研究,并指出了理论依据和方法。第三部分给出了小说中哥特式传统的时间表,即死亡主题,独特的人物和神秘的气氛。部分原因,详细介绍了这本小说中哥特式风格的原因:父权制的压迫,南方女士的神话和艾米莉对爱情的态度。最后,在结论中,笔者对以前的部分进行了梳理,再次强调了论文论证的意义。

好的,就是这样。现在你可以提出你的问题!我准备好了!谢谢 !

Good morning,

Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :

I am Wu Lin. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professor Hu Anjiang, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.

My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van Winkle).

The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Thank you!

good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. i am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. with her constant encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper. now, it is the show time. i will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m xxx and come from class x. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

The title of my paper is xxxxxxxxxxxxx. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

英语毕业论文答辩稿范文(精选8篇)

一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束,我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文,毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式,快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧!下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文,希望对大家有所帮助。

Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.

With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.

Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.

With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.

Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.

For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.

In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.

Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.

Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.

Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.

I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems

Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.

Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.

Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.

Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style

in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!

I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

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