热能与动力毕业论文怎么写

你是这专业的那你具体写什么题目怎么要求这样我才好帮到你是不是详细谈

近二十年来，以振动为主要原因造成的恶性事故相继发生，给国家造成了巨大经济损失。而且，振动问题目前仍是新投运大机组不能按期并网、正常投运的主要原因，在机组正常运行期间，振动问题连续不断，影响到正常生产，经常出现机组减负荷和带病运行的情况，甚至使机组被迫停机处理，这些事故屡见不鲜。本系统基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器软件平台，对汽轮机振动信号进行读取加窗，并进行谱分析及自相关分析。LabVIEW虚拟仪器就是在以通用计算机为核心的硬件平台上，由用户设计定义、具有虚拟前面板、测试功能由测试软件实现的一种计算机仪器系统。本系统主要完成了对汽轮机振动信号进行读取，对信号进行矩形窗、汉宁窗、海明窗的加窗选择，然后分别进行信号的幅值谱、功率谱、相位谱分析及自相关分析，并且具有图形操作及显示界面。系统运行结果证明，本系统能够完成对信号的读取，并进行三种窗函数及各种分析的动态选择，并用图形显示结果。Over the last 20 years, mainly due to the vibration caused by the fatal accidents occurred one after another, inflicting huge economic losses. Furthermore, the vibration is still new to large units shipped impossible grid, the normal operation for the main the crew during normal operations, continuous vibration problems affecting the normal production, Units often reduced load and operation of the sick, and even the unit was forced to stand, these incidents not uncommon. The system based on LabVIEW virtual instrument software platform for turbine vibration signal window read, and spectral analysis and correlation analysis. LabVIEW virtual instrument is a common core of computer hardware platform, defined by the user, with virtual front panel, the test function test software from a computer equipment system. The system completed the turbine vibration signal read, the signal rectangular window Hanning, Hamming window window choice, and then the signal amplitude spectrum, power spectrum and phase spectrum analysis and correlation analysis, and operating with graphics and display interface. The result of running the system proved that the system can accomplish the signal read, and three window function and the dynamic analysis of the various options and graphical display with the results.专业前景 本专业以工程热物理学科为主要理论基础，以内燃机和正在发展中的其它新型动力机械及系统为研究对象，运用工程力学、机械工程学、自动控制、计算机、环境科学、微电子技术等学科的知识和内容，研究如何把燃料的化学能和液体的动能安全、高效、低（或无）污染地转换成动力的基本规律和过程，研究转换过程中的系统和设备的自动控制技术。随着常规能源的日渐短缺，人类环境保护意识的不断增强，节能、高效、降低或消除污染排放物、发展新能源及其它可再生能源成为本学科的重要任务，在能源、交通运输、汽车、船舶、电力、航空宇航工程、农业工程和环境科学等诸多领域获得越来越广泛的应用，在国民经济各部门发挥着越来越重要的作用。 培养目标 本专业方向培养具备热能与动力工程专业方面的基本理论、基本知识和基本技能，能在国民经济各部门从事热力发动机和其它新型动力机械及设备的设计、制造、管理、教学和科研等方面的高级工程技术人才。 培养特色 本专业在加强学生基础理论和综合素质教育的同时，加强计算机及自动控制技术的应用，强化专业实践教学，注重全能训练，全面提高学生的实践动手能力和科学研究潜力，使毕业生具有较强的择业竞争能力和较宽的就业适应能力。 主干课程 机械制图、机械原理、机械设计、理论力学、材料力学、工程材料、电工技术、电子技术、计算机软件基础、液压技术、液力传动、内燃机构造、内燃机原理、内燃机设计、内燃机试验、发动机电子技术、工程热力学、流体力学、传热学、自动控制理论、现代测试技术等。 就业方向 毕业后可从事能源与动力设备的行政管理、内燃机及新型动力设备的开发研制、内燃机排放控制、新能源利用、汽车工业、兵器工业、环保工业、交通运输业、船舶、电力、航空宇航工业等方面的工作。The prospect of major works of the major hot in physics as the main theoretical basis to the internal combustion engine and the other is the development of new machinery and power systems for the study, the use of engineering mechanics, mechanical engineering, automation, computers, environmental science, microelectronics technology disciplines, such as content knowledge and to study how the chemical energy of fuel and liquid kinetic energy security, high-performance, low (or none) of pollution to the power into the basic law and the process of research in the conversion process of the automatic control systems and equipment technology . With the growing shortage of conventional energy, human the growing awareness of environmental protection, energy saving, high efficiency, reduce or eliminate polluting emissions, the development of new energy and other renewable sources of energy has become an important task for the subjects in the energy, transportation, automotive, ships, electricity, aviation aerospace engineering, agricultural engineering and environmental science in many fields such as access to more and more widely used, the department in the national economy is playing an increasingly important role. Cultivate cultivate goal with the direction of the major thermal power projects with the major aspects of the basic theory, basic knowledge and basic skills, to engage in various departments in the national economy and other heat engines power the new machinery and equipment design, manufacture, management, teaching and scientific research aspects of advanced engineering and technical personnel. Cultivate major characteristics of the students in strengthening the basic theory and the overall quality of education, to strengthen the computer and automatic control technology, and strengthen the teaching of professional practice, pay attention to all the training, students enhance the practice of comprehensive practical ability and scientific research potential, so that graduates have strong competitiveness and a wide choice of employment adaptability. Mechanical Drawing trunk curriculum, mechanical principles, mechanical design, theoretical mechanics, mechanics of materials, engineering materials, electrical technology, electronics technology, computer software foundation, hydraulic technology, hydraulic transmission, the internal combustion engine structure, the principle of internal combustion engines, internal combustion engine design, the internal combustion engine testing, engine electronic technology, engineering thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, automatic control theory, modern test technology. Employment after graduation can be engaged in the direction of energy and power equipment, administration, internal combustion engines and new development of power equipment, internal combustion engine emission control, new energy use, the auto industry, the weapons industry, industrial environmental protection, transport, shipping, electricity, air space industrial vehicles are not the only air polluters. Coal and oil, used to heat homes and factories and to generate electricity, contain small amounts of sulfur. When the fuels are burned, sulfur dioxide, a poisonous gas, is produced. It is irritating to the lungs. Some cities have passed laws that allow coal and oil to be burned only if their sulfur content is low.汽车不是唯一的空气污染。煤炭和石油，用于家庭取暖和工厂，并产生电力，含有少量的硫。当燃料燃烧，二氧化硫，一种有毒气体，就产生了。它是刺激到肺部。一些城市已通过法律，允许煤炭和石油只有在其被烧毁硫含量低。Most electricity is generated by steam turbines. About half of the sulfur dioxide in the air comes from burning fuel to make steam. Nuclear power plants do not burn fuel, so there is no air pollution of the ordinary kind. But the radioactive materials in these plants could present a danger in an accident. Also, there is a problem in disposing of the radioactive wastes in a way that will not endanger the environment.大部分电力是由蒸汽涡轮机。关于空气中的二氧化硫，使蒸汽一半来自燃料燃烧。核电厂不烧燃料，所以不存在的那种普通的空气污染。但是，在这些植物的放射性物质可能会提出一个意外的危险。此外，还有一个在放射性废物处置的方式，不会危害环境的问题。Another type of pollution, called thermal (heat) pollution, is caused by both the fuel-burning and nuclear plants. Both need huge amounts of cold water, which is warmed as it cools the steam. When it is returned to the river, the warm water may stimulate the growth of weeds. It may also kill fish and their eggs, or interfere with their growth.另一种污染类型，称为热（热）污染，是造成双方的燃料燃烧和核电厂。双方都需要的冷水，这是温暖，因为它大量的蒸汽冷却。当返回到河边，温暖的水会刺激杂草生长。它也可以杀死鱼，它们的卵，或干扰他们的成长。Physicists are studying new ways of generating electricity that may be less damaging to the environment. In the meantime, many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluting material. Also, engineers try to design and locate new power plants to do minimum damage to the environment.物理学家们正在研究发电对环境损害较小的新方法。与此同时，许多发电厂也在实现现代化以减少污染物质。此外，工程师们尝试设计并找到对环境的损害最小的新的发电厂。Thermal energy and power engineeringThis program is to cultivate both master thermal energy and power engineering professional basic theoretical knowledge, computing skills, but also the ability in various forms of generating power plant, refrigeration and air conditioning, new energy related fields in need of economic management knowledge and ability, can be engaged in the electric power industry related to areas of science and technology application, research, development and management of a senior talents. According to the national construction and talents needs, set up the professional direction includes: thermal power engineering, power plant set control operation, refrigeration and air conditioning engineering, gas power engineering, advanced energy engineering courses: theoretical mechanics, mechanics of materials, engineering thermodynamics, engineering fluid mechanics, heat transfer, turbine principle, boiler principle, thermal power plants, the pump and fan, automatic control theory, motor learning, circuit theory, the control system, unit unit operation principle, thermal process detection technology, engineering graphics, mechanical design basis, electrician technical basis, electronic technology base, refrigeration and cryogenic principle, refrigeration compressor, refrigeration automation and testing technology, gas turbine principle, gas gas-steam combined cycle power plant, gas turbine combined-cyde operation and maintenance, nuclear reactor theoretical basis, nuclear system and the maintenance, the PWR nuclear power plant system and equipment, wind power generation principle, professional place to go: large-scale modernized electric power enterprise, power equipment manufacturing enterprises and energy class enterprise engaged in production, operation and management work, Government departments at all levels and institution engaged in energy, power, energy saving, environmental planning, design, construction, operation, consultation and supervision work; etc. Research institutes, universities in energy and power related research and development, teaching, management, etc.

Over the last 20 years, mainly due to the vibration caused by the fatal accidents occurred one after another, inflicting huge economic losses. Furthermore, the vibration is still new to large units shipped impossible grid, the normal operation for the main the crew during normal operations, continuous vibration problems affecting the normal production, Units often reduced load and operation of the sick, and even the unit was forced to stand, these incidents not uncommon. The system based on LabVIEW virtual instrument software platform for turbine vibration signal window read, and spectral analysis and correlation analysis. LabVIEW virtual instrument is a common core of computer hardware platform, defined by the user, with virtual front panel, the test function test software from a computer equipment system. The system completed the turbine vibration signal read, the signal rectangular window Hanning, Hamming window window choice, and then the signal amplitude spectrum, power spectrum and phase spectrum analysis and correlation analysis, and operating with graphics and display interface. The result of running the system proved that the system can accomplish the signal read, and three window function and the dynamic analysis of the various options and graphical display with the results.

热能与动力工程专业毕业论文（锅炉专业 锅炉的计算机控制 锅炉微机控制，是近年来开发的一项新技术，它是微型计算机软、硬件、自动控制、锅炉节 能等几项技术紧密结合的产物，我国现有中、小型锅炉 30 多万台，每年耗煤量占我国原煤 产量的 1/3，大多数锅炉仍处于能耗高、浪费大、环境污染等严重的生产状态。提高热效率， 降低耗煤量，用微机进行控制是一件具有深远意义的工作。 作为锅炉控制装置，其主要任务是保证锅炉的安全、稳定、运行，减轻操作人员的劳动 强度。采用微计算机控制，能对锅炉进行过程的自动检测、自动控制等多项功能。 锅炉微机控制系统，一般由以下几部分组成，即由锅炉本体、一次仪表、微机、手自动 切换操作、执行机构及阀、滑差电机等部分组成，一次仪表将锅炉的温度、压力、流量、氧 量、转速等量转换成电压、电流等送入微机，手自动切换操作部分，手动时由操作人员手动 控制， 用操作器控制滑差电机及阀等， 自动时对微机发出控制信号经执行部分进行自动操作。 微机对整个锅炉的运行进行监测、报警、控制以保证锅炉正常、可靠地运行，除此以外为保 证锅炉运行的安全，在进行微机系统设计时，对锅炉水位、锅炉汽包压力等重要参数应设置 常规仪表及报警装置，以保证水位和汽包压力有双重甚至三重报警装置，这是必不可少的， 以免锅炉发生重大事故。 控制系统： 锅炉是一个较为复杂的调节对象，它不仅调节量多，而且各种量之间相互联系，相互， 相互制约， 锅炉内部的能量转换机理比较复杂， 所以要对锅炉建立一个较为理想的数学模型 比较困难。为此，把锅炉系统作了简化处理，化分为三个相对独立的调节系统。 当然在某 些系统中还可以细分出其它系统如一次风量控制回路，但是其主要是以下三个部分： 炉膛负压为主调量的特殊燃烧自动调节系统 锅炉燃烧过程有三个任务：给煤控制，给风控制，炉膛负压控制。保持煤气与空气比例 使空气过剩系数在 左右、燃烧过程的经济性、维持炉膛负压，所以锅炉燃烧过程的自 动调节是一个复杂的。对于 3× 锅炉来说燃烧放散高炉煤气，要求是最大限度地利用放 散的高炉煤气，故可按锅炉的最大出力运行，对蒸汽压力不做严格要求；燃烧的经济性也不 做较高的要求。这样锅炉燃烧过程的自动调节简化为炉膛负压为主参数的定煤气流量调节。 炉膛负压 Pf 的大小受引风量、鼓风量与煤气量（压力）三者的影响。炉膛负压太小， 炉膛向外喷火和外泄漏高炉煤气， 危及设备与运行人员的安全。 负压太大， 炉膛漏风量增加， 排烟损失增加，引风机电耗增加。根据多年的人工手动调节摸索， 锅炉的 Pf=100Pa 来进行设计。调节是初始状态先由人工调节空气与煤气比例，达到理想的燃烧状态，在引风 机全开时达到炉膛负压 100Pa，投入自动后，只调节煤气蝶阀，使压力波动下的高炉煤气流 量趋于初始状态的煤气流量，来保持燃烧中高炉煤气与空气比例达到最佳状态。 锅炉水位调节单元 汽包水位是锅炉安全运行的重要参数，水位过高，会破坏汽水分离装置的正常工作，严 重时会导致蒸汽带水增多，增加在管壁上的结垢和影响蒸汽质量。水位过低，则会破坏水循 环，引起水冷壁管的破裂，严重时会造成干锅，损坏汽包。所以其值过高过低都可能造成重 大事故。它的被调量是汽包水位，而调节量则是给水流量，通过对给水流量的调节, 使汽包 内部的物料达到动态平衡， 变化在允许范围之内， 由于锅炉汽包水位对蒸气流量和给水流量 变化的响应呈积极特性。但是在负荷(蒸气流量)急剧增加时，表现却为"逆响应特性"，即所 谓的"虚假水位"，造成这一原因是由于负荷增加时，导致汽包压力下降，使汽包内水的沸点 温度下降，水的沸腾突然加剧，形成大量汽泡，而使水位抬高。 汽包水位控制系统，实质 上是维持锅炉进出水量平衡的系统。 它是以水位作为水量平衡与否的控制指标， 通过调整进 水量的多少来达到进出平衡， 将汽包水位维持在汽水分离界面最大的汽包中位线附近， 以提 高锅炉的蒸发效率，保证生产安全。由于锅炉水位系统是一个设有自平衡能力的被控对象， 运行中存在虚假水位现象，实际中可根据情况采用水位单冲量、水位蒸汽量双重量和水位、 蒸汽量、给水量三冲量的控制系统。 除氧器压力和水位调节：除氧器部分均采用单冲量控制方案，单回路的 PID 调节。 监控管理系统： 以上控制系统一般由 PLC 或其它硬件系统完成控制，而在上位机中要完成以下功能： 实时准确检测锅炉的运行参数：为全面 掌握整个系统的运行工况，监控系统将实时监 测并采集锅炉有关的工艺参数、 电气参数、 以及设备的运行状态等。 系统具有丰富的图形库， 通过组态可将锅炉的设备图形连同相关的运行参数显示在画面上； 除此之外， 还能将参数以 列表或分组等形式显示出来。 综合及时发出控制指令： 监控系统根据监测到的锅炉运行数据， 按照设定好的控制策略， 发出控制指令，调节锅炉系统设备的运行，从而保证锅炉高效、可靠运行。 诊断故障与报警管理：主控中 心可以显示、管理、传送锅炉运行的各种报警信号，从 而使锅炉的安全防爆、安全运行等级大大的提高。同时，对报警的档案管理可使业主对于锅 炉运行的各种、弱点等了如指掌。为保证 锅炉系统安全、可靠地运行，监控系统将根据所 监测的参数进行故障诊断，一旦发生故障，监控系统将及时在操作员屏幕上显示报警点。报 警相关的显示功能使用户定义的显示画面与每个点联系起来，这样，当报警发生时，操作员 可立即访问该报警点的详细信息和按照所推荐采取的应急措施进行处理。 记录运行参数： 监控系统的实时数据库将维护锅炉运行参数的历史记录， 另外监控系统 还。设有专门的报警事件日志，用以记录报警／事件信息和操作员的变化等。历史记录的数 据根据操作人员的要求，系统可以显示为瞬时值，也可以为某一段时间内的平均值。历史记 录的数据可有多种显示方式，例如曲线、特定图形、报表等显示方式；此外历史记录的数据 还可以由以为基础的多种应用软件所应用。 计算运行参数： 锅炉运行的某些运行参数不能够直接测量， 如年运行负荷量、 蒸汽耗量、 补水量、冷凝水返回量、设备的累积运行时间等。监控系统提供了丰富的标准处理算法，根 据所测得的运行参数，将这些导出量计算出来。