02 园林学 总论 园林学landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture 造园学garden making, landscape garden-ing 环境园艺学environmental horticulture 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture 园林艺术garden art 园林美学garden aesthetics 园林建筑学garden architecture 园林建筑garden building 园林工程garden engineering 园林植物landscape plant 观赏植物ornamental plant 盆景miniature landscape, penjing 园林garden and park 园林学史history of garden architecture 园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning 园林设计garden design 园林机具设备gardening machine 园林管理garden management 园林生态landscape ecology 绿化greening, planting 环境绿化environmental greening 绿地面积green area 绿地率ratio of green space 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage 工厂绿化factory greening, factory garden-ing 街道绿化street greening, street planting 车行道绿化driveway greening 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening 人行道绿化sidewalk greening 群众绿化mass planting movement 郊区绿化suburban greening 公路绿化highway greening 铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting 堤岸种植bank planting 阳台绿化balcony greening 窗台绿化window-sill greening 屋顶绿化roof greening 垂直绿化vertical greening 攀缘绿化climber greening 桥头绿化bridgehead greening花园garden 专类花园specified flower garden 花园村garden village 园林城市landscape garden city 蔷薇园rose garden 松柏园conifer garden 球根园bulb garden 宿根园perennial garden 假山园rock garden, Chinese rockery 狩猎场hunting ground 街心花园street crossing center garden 小游园petty street garden 水景园water garden 铺地园paved garden 野趣园wild plants botanical garden 野生植物园wild plants garden 乡趣园rustic garden 盆景园penjing garden, miniature land-scape 动物园 zoo, zoological garden 墓园cemetery garden 沼泽园bog and marsh garden 水生植物园aquatic plants garden 学校园school garden 室内花园indoor garden 芳香花园fragrant garden 盲人花园garden for the blind 公园park, public park 城市公园city park, urban park 区公园regional park 儿童公园children park 体育公园sports park 森林公园forest park 纪念公园memorial park 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park 综合公园comprehensive park 文化公园cultural park 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park 中央公园central park 天然公园natural park 海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park 古迹公园historic site park 河滨公园riverside park 湖滨公园lakeside park 路边公园roadside park, street park 娱乐公园amusement park 雕塑公园sculpture park 休憩公园recreation park 疗养公园sanatorium park 国家公园national park 邻里公园neighborhood park 特种公园special park 植物园botanical garden 植物公园 abeled plants park 高山植物园 alpine garden 热带植物园 tropical plants garden 药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden 绿地 green space 公共绿地public green space 单位绿地unit green area 城市绿地urban green space 街道广场绿地street and square green area 居住区绿地residential quarter green area 防护绿地green area for environmental protection 郊区绿地suburban green space 街坊绿地residential block green belt 附属绿地attached green space 生产绿地productive plantation area 苗圃nursery 风景landscape, scenery 自然景观natural landscape 人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities 草原景观prairie landscape 山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape 地理景观geographical landscape 湖泊景观lake view 郊区景观suburban landscape 地质景观geological landscape 喀斯特景观karst landscape 植物景观plants landscape, flora 园林史 中国园林史 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden 中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden 中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden 皇家园林royal garden 私家园林private garden 江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta 西方园林史 西方古典园林western classical garden 英国式园林English style garden 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden 意大利式园林Italian style garden 西班牙式园林Spanish style garden 法兰西式园林French style garden 勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre’s style garden 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa 洛可可式园林Rococo style garden 巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden 庄园manor, villa garden 廊柱园peristyle garden, patio 绿廊xystus 迷阵maze, 典型中西园林 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden 阿房宫E-Pang Palace 上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan 未央宫Wei-Yang Palace 洛阳宫Luoyang Palace 华清官Hua-Qing Palace 艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden 圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden 颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort 苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden 悬园Hanging Garden 英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park 枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace 园林艺术 景view, scenery, feature 远景distant view 近景nearby view 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing 对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place 缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery 漏景leaking through scenery 框景enframed 园林设计 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer 园址测量图garden site survey map 地形图topographic map, contour map 种植设计planting design 地形改造设计topographical reform design 种植大样图detail planting design 造价分析cost analysis 园林形式garden style 规整式园林formal garden style 非规整园林informal garden style 几何式园林geometric garden style 自然式园林natural garden style 混合式园林mixed garden style 近代巴洛克式园林modern Baroque style 马克斯抽象园林. Marx abstract garden 园林区划garden area division 园林分区规划garden block planning 庭院花园courtyard garden 前庭front yard, forecourt 后庭back yard, rear yard 中庭patio 厨园kitchen yard 沉[床]园sunken garden 窗园window garden 墙园wall garden 宅园home garden 台地园terrace garden 冬园winter garden 切花园cut flower garden 屋顶花园roof garden 后花园back yard garden 园林地形改造topographical reform of garden 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound 假山rockery, artificial rockwork 太湖石Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone 黄石yellowish brown stone 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone 孤赏石monolith, standing stone 掇山piled stone hill, hill making 叠石stones laying 板石flag stone 散点石scattered stone 抱角石corner stone 屋基石foundation stone 排衙石guard stone 屏石screen stone 石岸rock bank 石阶stone steps 汀步stepping stone on water surface 附壁石stone appended to wall 石花台stone flower bed 石凳stone bench 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall 干砌石dry stone wall 假山石楼梯rock stairway 石亭stone pavilion 石洞stone cavern 石窟grotto 置石stone arrangement, stone layout 拱石arch stone 拱顶石key 尾景terminal feature 主景main feature 副景secondary feature 配景objective view 夹景vista line, vista 前景front view 背景background 景序order of sceneries 景点feature spot, view spot 仰视景观upward landscape 俯视景观downward landscape 季相景观seasonal phenomena 气象景观meteorological diversity scenery 视野visual field 秋色fall color, autumn color 园林空间garden space 开敞空间wide open space, wide space 封闭空间enclosure space 意境 artistic conception, poetic imagery 苍古antiquity 空灵spaciousness, airiness 动观in-motion viewing 静观 in-position viewing 视错觉visual illusion 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden 对称平衡symmetrical balance 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance 左右对称bilateral symmetry 辐射对称radial symmetry 透景线perspective line 轴线axis, axial line 主轴main axis 副轴auxiliary axis 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis 树冠线skyline 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors 单色谐调monochromatic harmony 复色谐调compound chromatic harmony 对比色突出contrast colors accent 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony 暖色warm color 冷色cool color 色感color sense