发布时间：
一、猫艾滋病的表现
就像人的艾滋病症状一样，猫艾滋病出现的临床症状的原因也不是直接由猫艾滋病引起的，而是由于它所患艾滋病之后引起的免疫不全导致，因为这样原本一些不起眼的病原体或微生物就在这个时候趁虚而入，继而引发严重的继发性感染！
猫艾滋病的临床表现为：
1、患猫有可能会出现慢性口炎和齿龈炎等口腔炎症。
2、患猫会发烧、身体逐渐消瘦、淋巴结发炎、出现贫血等症状。
3、腹泻及其一些神经疾病症状。
二、猫艾滋病的传播途径
对于猫艾滋病，首先大家就不要想歪了哦，猫艾滋病不是通过性接触传播的，这也是猫艾滋与人类艾滋病的不同，猫艾滋病主要通过咬伤的伤口感染造成传染的。而猫咪之间共同享用食物和水的碗一般不会导致健康猫咪感染上猫免疫缺陷病毒。此外，虽然证实了猫艾滋胎盘感染的可能性，但在实际临床上还是没有得到证实的。
4、怎样的猫容易感染猫艾滋病
通过了解猫艾滋病的传播途径之后，相信大家也隐约知道了怎么样的猫咪最容易感染上FIV了。猫艾滋病是不管什么年龄段的猫咪都会被感染的，只是那些平时耀武扬威，一言不合就动手打架的猫咪就更要小心一点，目前表现为5～19岁的成年猫的感染率较高，而且公猫的感染率会比母猫还要高出2倍多，还有就是养家猫感染率也会高于饲养单个家猫的家庭，而流浪猫和野猫的感染率比家养猫的要高，那些做过绝育手术的猫感染猫艾滋的几率相对会低很多。
爪爪博士对猫艾滋疾病的分享就到这里，想要了解更多猫艾滋病的知识可以点击《猫得艾滋病怎么办》了解。
1、猫艾滋病的定义猫艾滋病（FelineImmunodeficiencyVirus，FIV）是一种由猫免疫缺陷病毒引起的慢性传染病，可以导致猫的免疫系统受损，从而容易感染其他疾病。目前猫艾滋病还没有被完全治愈，因此预防措施十分重要。一旦猫被感染，应尽早采取措施，延缓病情的恶化。2、猫感染艾滋病的原因猫艾滋病的传播途径主要是通过感染了病毒的动物或猫的体液直接接触传播，如唾液、血液、精液、乳汁等。感染途径包括亲密接触、共用饮食用具、野生猫的接触、交配等。此外，在医疗过程中也有可能传播该病毒，如手术切口、牙齿缝隙、注射等。猫艾滋病属于病毒病，目前无特效药治疗，因此彻底清除猫艾滋病毒比较困难。3、猫感染艾滋病的症状猫感染艾滋病后，由于免疫系统受损，容易出现多种感染，如口腔炎、皮肤病、呼吸道疾病等。常见症状包括消瘦、愈合缓慢的伤口、发热、呕吐、腹泻、黄疸等。一般来说，猫艾滋病病毒进入猫体内后，需要一段时间才会出现明显的症状，这个时间长度因个体而异。在此期间，病毒随时可以通过猫的体液传播给其他猫。4、如何预防猫感染艾滋病预防猫感染艾滋病的最好方法就是防止猫暴露在感染病毒的环境中。应该避免让猫到室外游荡，不让它与未知病毒的猫接触。此外，要定期进行身体检查和血液检测，确保猫身体健康。如果家中有多只猫，应该让它们进行艾滋病疫苗的接种，这样可以有效地保护它们免受感染。可以根据宠物医院的指引，按时带猫接受疫苗注射，以保证疫苗的效果和接种的周期。
1、猫艾滋病，由此种病毒所感染而引发的疾病，这种病毒与引起人类AIDS的HIV病毒，在构造及核甘酸的序列上具有相关性，感染了猫艾滋病的猫咪也常会产生类似人类AIDS所引发的免疫不全临床症状，但猫的艾滋病毒并不会传染给人类。 2、猫艾滋病的主要传染途径，一般认为是经由咬伤所感染，另外，实验也证实了胎盘感染的可能性，但在实际临床上尚未获得证实，母猫也有可能是经由唾液或乳汁而将艾滋病传染给小猫。
读了《艾滋病小斗士》这篇文章，我的感想很多。恩克西那顽强地向病魔抗争的精神和无论遇到多大的困难都能乐观、坦然地去面对的态度深深打动了我。
文中令我印象最深的一句话是“他一边顽强地与病魔作斗争，一边关心和他一样患病的儿童”因为我觉得恩克西能顽强地与病魔作斗争已经是常人所不能及的，他还能在病痛缠身的同时，仍然想着为他人，尤其是和他一样患病的儿童。
恩克西在患病期间曾经应邀到美国出席艾滋病研讨会，呼吁世界要关心、爱护艾滋病患者。他还在南非举行的国际艾滋病大会上发言，向人们呼吁要关爱艾滋病患者，要用爱拥抱艾滋病儿童！恩克西那尚显稚气而又坚定的话语震撼了参加会议的各国代表的心灵。
和恩克西他那柔弱的身躯相比，我们是幸运健康的同龄人；和恩克西为他人照相并为其他患者而不惜竭尽所能的表现相比，我们更多的是只关注自己，而很少关心他人。其实，在我们的身边就有许多人需要我们的关爱，比如：同学生病了，我们应该送上关切的问候，或者力所能及地帮他带带作业、补习功课；路见年迈的老人行动不便，伸出手来帮他提提手里的重物、搀扶他们过马路；公交车上主动给老弱病残让座位；要下雨了，提醒邻居赶紧收晾在窗外的衣物；看到小弟弟妹妹摔跤了，赶紧上前扶起来……这些事儿对我们来说都是举手之劳，而我们做的并不够，甚至还有人常常视而不见！恩克西的事迹给了我们榜样，作为同龄人的我们要主动关爱那些需要帮助的人，哪怕是微不足道的一件小事，比如一个拥抱、一句问候、一个温暖的眼神……我们都应该尽量做好，就像恩克西那样！
在呼吁大家关心别人的同时，我默默地告诫自己：要以身作则，首先珍惜现在拥有的`一切——健康的身体，幸福的生活；然后，主动地关心是我们身边的亲人、老师、同学；我们还要身体力行地为其他需要帮助的人，比如路上的行人、灾区的同学等送上最诚挚的关爱，让他们都会因为我们微不足道的爱而倍感幸福。
相信恩克西能做到的，我们都能做到！人人都付出一点爱，这个世界将会变得更美好！
艾滋病，一个刺痛双眼的词。
艾滋病人，一群需要我们特别关爱的患者。
忘记了是从哪一天起，“艾滋病”这个略带西方色彩的词闯入了我们的生活，它惊醒了沉睡中的人们，让我们认识了“艾滋”，了解了“艾滋”，惧怕着“艾滋”，远离了艾滋病人。
人性，需要在这个时候得以体现；人性，就在这个时候体现出来了。濮存昕这个人我不太熟悉，说实话，他的名字我都不会写（还是通过问爸爸妈妈再上网查证后记下来的），可是我从心底里崇拜他，因为他有着高尚的灵魂，一颗晶莹剔透的心。听说他是有名的艾滋病形象大使，我国第一个艾滋病预防宣传员。他真心关爱着这一群特殊的患者。正因为有爱，濮存昕才更加热爱公益事业。在拍完《假如有明天》这部戏以后，他把所有的片酬都捐给了北京佑安医院。他想用这个来协助这所专门治疗艾滋病的医院。从2000年接受卫生部之邀，出任艾滋病宣传员起，他运用自己的影响力和感召力，号召全社会重视艾滋病，关爱艾滋病患者，并身体力行地从精神上或者经济上帮助艾滋病患者和他们的家庭。几年内，濮存昕做了大量工作：拍公益广告、出演有关艾滋病的电影、对社会公众或政府机构人员做讲座和培训、在政协会议上提交有关提案等等。所有这些工作，他希望达到的这样的效果：一是引起社会对防治艾滋病工作的重视；二是呼吁社会关心艾滋病病人。
其实我心里也知道，艾滋病并不像传说中的那么恐怖，它主要是靠性传播、血液传播及母婴传播这三种途径传染给他人的，可是由于人性的自私，我惧怕艾滋病。如果说有一个艾滋病人站在我面前表示想要跟我握手，我是不是能勇敢地伸出自己的手？可是濮存昕，他毫不犹豫地和艾滋病患者握手、吃饭、交流。也许这对于正常人与正常人之间太微不足道了。可是如是对方是艾滋病患者，请问，你能像他一样吗？我想我恐怕真的做不到。
人之初，性本善。也许是自私抹杀了我们的善良，也许是自我保护意识让我们收起了爱心。
我多想在这里高声夸赞那些能做到和艾滋病人平等相处的人：你们，真了不起！
有一种精神让我们泪流满面;有一种力量，让我们信心倍增;有一种人格，让我们不断追求自我完善，让我们共同学习恩科西精神，建设被病毒破坏的和谐。
“珍爱生命，抗击艾滋”多么嘹亮的口号，虽然只是八个字，但却是寓意非凡。人的生命是有限的，而病菌却一点也不同情人类，还一次又一次的吞噬人类的生命。虽然人们尽了最大的努力消灭病菌，但是一种严重传染性疾病却永远也没有消灭。
这种严重传染病是人们常用恐怖、未知来形容的艾滋病，医学名叫“获得性免疫缺乏综合症”，英文缩写“AIDS”。艾滋病的病毒到人体之后，病毒在体内不断复制，而且破坏人体自身的免疫力，潜伏期长达8–10年，当人体免疫功能被破坏后人就一直得病，时间长了，只有死亡。
在参加这次活动之前，我对艾滋病知识的了解也存在不少误区，认为握手、打喷嚏、共同进餐就会感染上艾滋病病毒。现在我知道了艾滋病病人需要关怀和理解，你可以和他们热情的握手，可以和他们近距离的交谈，可以和他们交朋友，不能远离他们、歧视他们。
艾滋病是一个健康问题，同时也是一个社会问题，社会中的每一个成员都有可能成为艾滋病流行的直接或间接受害者。艾滋病对个人、家庭和社会都造成不可忽视的危害。
艾滋病使千千万万的儿童沦为孤儿，使千万无辜儿童被迫承受失去亲人的痛苦，还要经常忍受人们的歧视、失学、营养不良以及过重的劳动负担。
看!雄狮已醒，人类再也不会向病魔屈服，医学人员的奋力拼搏，艾滋病患者的顽强斗争，我们再也不会看到他们艰难地挣扎在生死线间，看到他们满面烟火的脸上悲伤的表情，看到他们眼中的热泪，看到他们凄凉的微笑。
1988年，世界卫生组织规定，每年的12月1日为“世界艾滋病日”，1996年以后更名为“世界艾滋病宣传运动”。每年12月1日前后，全世界各地围绕艾滋病的预防与控制和统一的宣传主题，开展形式多样的宣传活动。
我们在12月1日这一天里，大声喊“珍爱生命，抗击艾滋”，让这句话唤醒全世界，让全世界都向艾滋宣战，我相信在未来的一天，我们一定将艾滋打得不堪一击!世界一定会成为一个无毒世界、绿色世界、健康世界。
让我们一起为之付出行动吧!
1988年1月世界卫生组织在伦敦召开了有100多个国家卫生部长参加的高级会议，把每一年12月1日作为全球宣传防治艾滋病的日子，称之为世界艾滋病日，把每一年的12月1日都被作为世界艾滋病日，以号召全球人民行动起来，充分发挥全社会的作用，克服艾滋病。本周三是第22个世界艾滋病日。今年世界艾滋病日的主题依然是遏制艾滋、履行承诺，夸大权益、责任、落实。
艾滋病的医学全名为取得性免疫缺陷综合征，是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV，又称艾滋病病毒)引发。通俗地讲，艾滋病就是人体的免疫系统被艾滋病病毒破坏，令人体对要挟生命的各种病原体丧失了抵抗能力，从而发生多种感染或肿瘤，最后致使死亡的一种严重传染病。
这类病毒毕生传染，破坏人的免疫系统，令人体丧失抵抗各种疾病的能力。当艾滋病病毒感染者的免疫功能遭到病毒的严重破坏、以致不能维持最低的抗病能力时，感染者便发展为艾滋病病人。艾滋病病毒在人体内的潜伏期均匀为12年至13年。在发展成艾滋病病人之前外表看上往正常，他们可以没有任何症状地生活和工作很多年，便能够将病毒传染给其他人。艾滋病目前还是不治之症，至今还没有药物可以治疗，更没有疫苗可以预防，是当前医学界最关注的一种传染病。因此，它有世界瘟疫之称;又因侵害性严重，被称为超级癌症。
固然如此，艾滋病还是可以预防的。艾滋病病毒对外界环境的抵抗力较弱，离开人体后，常温下只可生存数小时至数天。100℃20分钟可将其完全灭活、干燥和经常使用消毒药品都可以杀灭这类病毒。一旦皮肤被划破并有接触病毒的危险，最简单有效的方法是把伤口表面的血液挤出来，然后用消毒剂清洗，假如没有消毒剂，用肥皂或大量的净水冲洗也可下降被感染的可能性。艾滋病毒主要是通过血液和母婴转染的，因此，明哲保身，不与多个同性或异性发生性关系，不使用不经消毒的注射用具等预防措施就显得非常重要。因此，预防艾滋病的重点在于普及防护的基本知识，采取防护措施、控制流行、制止蔓延，这已经是当务之急。
有人说每一颗流星的下坠，就代表着一颗心跳的停止跳动。如果世上再也没有了脉搏的跳动，那么黑夜是否也一样暗淡无色？生命的消逝，不仅是一种美丽的丧失，更是一种悲痛的源泉。
无法言明的悲痛，就像伤疤，也许会好，但也会留下淡淡痕迹。
让人经不住惆怅的望望天空，是什么导致生命的脆弱易折？没有回答，风刮过，似乎在说，生活中…哦，是重病，是事故，亦或是那不在乎的心理。医学史上，有一种名为艾滋的病。他被称为“史后世纪的瘟疫”超级癌症”和“世纪杀手”。从名字不难看出，他是一道难题，一道治愈的难题。
大千世界，无奇不有。就是这个被断定为绝症的病症，如同一张死亡录取单，某些人就逃掉了。无论是从生理，心理来说，他们都是非常坚强的。他们可以忍受病痛的折磨，可以忽略别人的排挤，可以面对树叶随时凋零的危险，而坚强的活下去，笑着活下去。他们如同悬崖边上带着刺的玫瑰，危险，但娇艳。
通过调查，你可以发现，患艾滋的病人有大多是生活不讲究，甚至不重视生命的人。艾滋可以多方面传播，一个小小的细节，也许就会酿成难以预知的后果。年轻的人喜欢新潮，追随着潮流的尾巴奔跑。尝试着一切刺激而新鲜的事物，满足自己的好奇心。有句话说，好奇心害死一只猫。假如患艾滋是某些好奇的后果，那他不一定带给你死亡的解脱。它更会给你带来痛苦。如同一个喝醉的人过独木桥，摇摇摆摆，但又不曾落下，也不曾真正的踏稳。又好似悬挂在枝头的树叶，摇摇欲坠，落下是被践踏的痛苦，留下是被虫啃噬的折磨。
艾滋，看似离我们很远，但请知道，他一直都潜伏在我们生活中，在某一个不为人知的角落，滴落着垂涎的口水。或许在某一次旅行或游玩，就踏入了他的虎口生活就是一场临时编策的剧本，你并不知道下一刻的危险在那里。这是无奈的，踏出的一步也许有危险，但又不得不往前走，一直走到生命的尽头。所以，我们要处处留心脚下，不要因为迷恋花丛中带有斑斓花纹的美丽蝴蝶，美丽是一个陷阱，蛊惑人的陷阱，从而就会盗走你的生命。
请好好珍惜生命吧。话虽简单，人所共知，可真正理解的又有多少？这也许就是人性的弱点，只有牺牲以后才能永垂，只有残缺之后才懂完美，只有经历过才能后悔。
猫也会患有艾滋病？猫艾滋是一种由病毒感染而引发的疾病，和人类的艾滋病一样会破坏自身的免疫系统。下面爪爪博士来带你正确认识猫艾滋。
猫艾滋和人类的艾滋病很像，猫咪可能会通过血液、乳汁、唾液、遗传或者交配等感染艾滋病，猫艾滋互破坏猫咪的免疫系统，导致猫咪出现身体上的各种炎症，临床上出现发烧、贫血、皮肤病、口炎、消瘦等症状。
人类是否会感染猫艾滋？
虽然同样叫艾滋，但是人是不会感染猫艾滋的，就连狗狗也不会。而猫艾滋在猫咪之间的传播也不是那么容易的，猫艾滋的潜伏期也比较长，一般会在猫咪中年和老年的时候才发病。因此，如果猫咪身上有艾滋病毒，不用太多担心，好好治疗就可以了。
一、猫艾滋病的表现
就像人的艾滋病症状一样，猫艾滋病出现的临床症状的原因也不是直接由猫艾滋病引起的，而是由于它所患艾滋病之后引起的免疫不全导致，因为这样原本一些不起眼的病原体或微生物就在这个时候趁虚而入，继而引发严重的继发性感染！
猫艾滋病的临床表现为：
1、患猫有可能会出现慢性口炎和齿龈炎等口腔炎症。
2、患猫会发烧、身体逐渐消瘦、淋巴结发炎、出现贫血等症状。
3、腹泻及其一些神经疾病症状。
二、猫艾滋病的传播途径
对于猫艾滋病，首先大家就不要想歪了哦，猫艾滋病不是通过性接触传播的，这也是猫艾滋与人类艾滋病的不同，猫艾滋病主要通过咬伤的伤口感染造成传染的。而猫咪之间共同享用食物和水的碗一般不会导致健康猫咪感染上猫免疫缺陷病毒。此外，虽然证实了猫艾滋胎盘感染的可能性，但在实际临床上还是没有得到证实的。
4、怎样的猫容易感染猫艾滋病
通过了解猫艾滋病的传播途径之后，相信大家也隐约知道了怎么样的猫咪最容易感染上FIV了。猫艾滋病是不管什么年龄段的猫咪都会被感染的，只是那些平时耀武扬威，一言不合就动手打架的猫咪就更要小心一点，目前表现为5～19岁的成年猫的感染率较高，而且公猫的感染率会比母猫还要高出2倍多，还有就是养家猫感染率也会高于饲养单个家猫的家庭，而流浪猫和野猫的感染率比家养猫的要高，那些做过绝育手术的猫感染猫艾滋的几率相对会低很多。
爪爪博士对猫艾滋疾病的分享就到这里，想要了解更多猫艾滋病的知识可以点击《猫得艾滋病怎么办》了解。
注意猫咪也会患艾滋病
注意猫咪也会患艾滋病，猫咪一直都是我们生活当中的好朋友,也经常给我们带来很多的欢乐，但有些疾病不仅我们人类会感染连猫咪也不例外，注意猫咪也会患艾滋病大家知道吗？那下面是我为大家整理的相关信息供大家参考和使用。
什么是猫艾滋？
猫艾滋的病毒（FIV），与引起人类艾滋病（AIDS）的HIV病毒，在构造及核甘酸的序列上具有相关性，感染了猫艾滋的猫咪也常会产生类似人类艾滋病所引发的后天免疫不全临床症状。
猫艾滋是怎么引起的？
猫艾滋一般是经由咬伤感染而引发的，并不会因为交往而传染，当然母猫也会通过胎盘，乳液，唾液传染给小猫，也会因为共食通过唾液传染给其他猫咪。补充一句：胎盘传染并不是100%的，也就是说猫妈妈有艾滋，生下的小猫不一定都携带病毒。猫艾滋病只限于猫科动物之间传染，是不会传染给人的。猫艾滋的高发群体是成年，雄性，放养，不稳定的猫咪群体，野猫是猫艾滋最大的患病群。
猫艾滋的临床症状：
1、没有任何症状。终身不发病，却是终身携带病毒，持续散播猫艾滋病毒。
2、潜伏性感染。潜伏期为数星期（最短为1～3个星期）或一年以上，之后才有可能因为免疫不全而感染其他病死亡。猫艾滋的潜伏期可以长达数年，也可能是终身。这些临床症状多发于中年和老年猫咪，但是并不是由病毒直接引发的，而是因为病毒造成的后天免疫不全，继而就是平常一些不起眼的病原也会引起猫咪严重的继发性感染，要了猫咪的命。值得一提的是，很少有急性死亡的案例。
这些都是猫艾滋会引发的临床症状：
1、食欲不振、体重减轻、皮毛状况不佳、下痢、呕吐、脱水、精神抑郁、胃炎
2、高烧、淋巴结肿大、伤口愈合不良、贫血
3、口腔、牙龈、皮肤、肺部、上呼吸道疾病的慢性感染
4、癫痫、运动神经损伤、感觉神经损伤等神经性障碍
5、发生慢性皮肤疾病的猫咪，可能会出现疥癣虫、恙虫、毛囊虫、各种霉菌和细菌的感染。
据国外资料显示，猫咪也有患艾滋病的可能，全国各地健康的猫咪感染艾滋病的可能性在1%-15%之间，而患病的猫咪感染几率较大一点约在3%-44%之间，澳大利亚的比例是26%之间。总的感染率在猫中约占之间。
家猫和混种猫较易受到感染，但不会传染给人体。猫咪感染艾滋病的.病毒简称FIV (猫免疫不全病毒) ，FIV 的形态、物理及生化特性，与人类免疫不全病毒类似，都会造成后天免疫不全症候群的症状，但两者间的抗原性不同，FIV 只感染猫科动物，不会传染给人和狗。
猫咪一旦感染到FIV ，会出现食欲不振、精神抑郁、发烧、体重减轻、淋巴结肿大、胃炎、齿龈炎、上呼吸道感染、伤口愈合不良、皮肤病、呕吐下痢、神经性障碍等，从感染到死亡时程可长达五年。FIV 病毒于1986年被分离出来后，成为研究最多的猫病毒之一，可用来测试及筛选人类后天免疫不全症候群有关的疫苗和药物治疗，深受医学界的重视。
感染FIV 的猫咪大多是家猫和混种猫，纯种的猫比较少受到感染，原因是纯种猫通常饲养在控制良好且封闭的环境，野外的流浪猫具有领域性，时常和其它猫咪争斗，大大提高了受伤及感染的机会。
有关动物治疗部门建议， 宠物猫饲主应尽量把猫咪留在屋内，减少和流浪猫接触，以避免发生互咬而受到感染。
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a set of symptoms and infections resulting from the damage to the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).[1] This condition progressively reduces the effectiveness of the immune system and leaves individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections and tumors. HIV is transmitted through direct contact of a mucous membrane or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk.[2][3] This transmission can involve anal, vaginal or oral sex, blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, exchange between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other exposure to one of the above bodily is now a pandemic.[4] In 2007, an estimated million people lived with the disease worldwide, and it killed an estimated million people, including 330,000 children.[5] Over three-quarters of these deaths occurred in sub-Saharan Africa,[5] retarding economic growth and destroying human capital.[6] Most researchers believe that HIV originated in sub-Saharan Africa during the twentieth century.[7] AIDS was first recognized by the . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1981 and its cause, HIV, identified by American and French scientists in the early 1980s.[8]Although treatments for AIDS and HIV can slow the course of the disease, there is currently no vaccine or cure. Antiretroviral treatment reduces both the mortality and the morbidity of HIV infection, but these drugs are expensive and routine access to antiretroviral medication is not available in all countries.[9] Due to the difficulty in treating HIV infection, preventing infection is a key aim in controlling the AIDS epidemic, with health organizations promoting safe sex and needle-exchange programmes in attempts to slow the spread of the symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of conditions that do not normally develop in individuals with healthy immune systems. Most of these conditions are infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites that are normally controlled by the elements of the immune system that HIV damages. Opportunistic infections are common in people with AIDS.[10] HIV affects nearly every organ system. People with AIDS also have an increased risk of developing various cancers such as Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer and cancers of the immune system known as lymphomas. Additionally, people with AIDS often have systemic symptoms of infection like fevers, sweats (particularly at night), swollen glands, chills, weakness, and weight loss.[11][12] The specific opportunistic infections that AIDS patients develop depend in part on the prevalence of these infections in the geographic area in which the patient infections X-ray of Pneumocystis jirovecii caused pneumonia. There is increased white (opacity) in the lower lungs on both sides, characteristic of Pneumocystis pneumoniaPneumocystis pneumonia (originally known as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and still abbreviated as PCP, which now stands for Pneumocystis pneumonia) is relatively rare in healthy, immunocompetent people, but common among HIV-infected individuals. It is caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii. Before the advent of effective diagnosis, treatment and routine prophylaxis in Western countries, it was a common immediate cause of death. In developing countries, it is still one of the first indications of AIDS in untested individuals, although it does not generally occur unless the CD4 count is less than 200 cells per µL of blood.[13]Tuberculosis (TB) is unique among infections associated with HIV because it is transmissible to immunocompetent people via the respiratory route, is easily treatable once identified, may occur in early-stage HIV disease, and is preventable with drug therapy. However, multidrug resistance is a potentially serious problem. Even though its incidence has declined because of the use of directly observed therapy and other improved practices in Western countries, this is not the case in developing countries where HIV is most prevalent. In early-stage HIV infection (CD4 count >300 cells per µL), TB typically presents as a pulmonary disease. In advanced HIV infection, TB often presents atypically with extrapulmonary (systemic) disease a common feature. Symptoms are usually constitutional and are not localized to one particular site, often affecting bone marrow, bone, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts, liver, regional lymph nodes, and the central nervous system.[14]Gastrointestinal infectionsEsophagitis is an inflammation of the lining of the lower end of the esophagus (gullet or swallowing tube leading to the stomach). In HIV infected individuals, this is normally due to fungal (candidiasis) or viral (herpes simplex-1 or cytomegalovirus) infections. In rare cases, it could be due to mycobacteria.[15]Unexplained chronic diarrhea in HIV infection is due to many possible causes, including common bacterial (Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria or Campylobacter) and parasitic infections; and uncommon opportunistic infections such as cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and viruses,[16] astrovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus and cytomegalovirus, (the latter as a course of colitis). In some cases, diarrhea may be a side effect of several drugs used to treat HIV, or it may simply accompany HIV infection, particularly during primary HIV infection. It may also be a side effect of antibiotics used to treat bacterial causes of diarrhea (common for Clostridium difficile). In the later stages of HIV infection, diarrhea is thought to be a reflection of changes in the way the intestinal tract absorbs nutrients, and may be an important component of HIV-related wasting.[17]Neurological and psychiatric involvementHIV infection may lead to a variety of neuropsychiatric sequelae, either by infection of the now susceptible nervous system by organisms, or as a direct consequence of the illness is a disease caused by the single-celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii; it usually infects the brain, causing toxoplasma encephalitis, but it can also infect and cause disease in the eyes and lungs.[18] Cryptococcal meningitis is an infection of the meninx (the membrane covering the brain and spinal cord) by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. It can cause fevers, headache, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. Patients may also develop seizures and confusion; left untreated, it can be multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease, in which the gradual destruction of the myelin sheath covering the axons of nerve cells impairs the transmission of nerve impulses. It is caused by a virus called JC virus which occurs in 70% of the population in latent form, causing disease only when the immune system has been severely weakened, as is the case for AIDS patients. It progresses rapidly, usually causing death within months of diagnosis.[19]AIDS dementia complex (ADC) is a metabolic encephalopathy induced by HIV infection and fueled by immune activation of HIV infected brain macrophages and microglia. These cells are productively infected by HIV and secrete neurotoxins of both host and viral origin.[20] Specific neurological impairments are manifested by cognitive, behavioral, and motor abnormalities that occur after years of HIV infection and are associated with low CD4+ T cell levels and high plasma viral loads. Prevalence is 10–20% in Western countries[21] but only 1–2% of HIV infections in India.[22][23] This difference is possibly due to the HIV subtype in India. AIDS related mania is sometimes seen in patients with advanced HIV illness; it presents with more irritability and cognitive impairment and less euphoria than a manic episode associated with true bipolar disorder. Unlike the latter condition, it may have a more chronic course. This syndrome is less often seen with the advent of multi-drug and malignancies Kaposi's sarcomaPatients with HIV infection have substantially increased incidence of several cancers. This is primarily due to co-infection with an oncogenic DNA virus, especially Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), and human papillomavirus (HPV).[24][25]Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common tumor in HIV-infected patients. The appearance of this tumor in young homosexual men in 1981 was one of the first signals of the AIDS epidemic. Caused by a gammaherpes virus called Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV), it often appears as purplish nodules on the skin, but can affect other organs, especially the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and B cell lymphomas such as Burkitt's lymphoma, Burkitt's-like lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and primary central nervous system lymphoma present more often in HIV-infected patients. These particular cancers often foreshadow a poor prognosis. In some cases these lymphomas are AIDS-defining. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or KSHV cause many of these cancer in HIV-infected women is considered AIDS-defining. It is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).[26]In addition to the AIDS-defining tumors listed above, HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of certain other tumors, such as Hodgkin's disease and anal and rectal carcinomas. However, the incidence of many common tumors, such as breast cancer or colon cancer, does not increase in HIV-infected patients. In areas where HAART is extensively used to treat AIDS, the incidence of many AIDS-related malignancies has decreased, but at the same time malignant cancers overall have become the most common cause of death of HIV-infected patients.[27]Other opportunistic infectionsAIDS patients often develop opportunistic infections that present with non-specific symptoms, especially low-grade fevers and weight loss. These include infection with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare and cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV can cause colitis, as described above, and CMV retinitis can cause blindness. Penicilliosis due to Penicillium marneffei is now the third most common opportunistic infection (after extrapulmonary tuberculosis and cryptococcosis) in HIV-positive individuals within the endemic area of Southeast Asia.[28]
"The Black Cat" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe. It was first published in the August 19, 1843, edition of The Saturday Evening Post. It is a study of the psychology of guilt, often paired in analysis with Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart".[1] In both, a murderer carefully conceals his crime and believes himself unassailable, but eventually breaks down and reveals himself, impelled by a nagging reminder of his guilt. The story is presented as a first-person narrative using an unreliable narrator. The narrator tells us that from an early age he has loved animals. He and his wife have many pets, including a large black cat named Pluto. This cat is especially fond of the narrator and vice versa. Their mutual friendship lasts for several years, until the narrator becomes an alcoholic. One night, after coming home intoxicated, he believes the cat is avoiding him. When he tries to seize it, the panicked cat bites the narrator, and in a fit of rage, he seizes the animal, pulls a pen-knife from his pocket, and deliberately gouges out the cat's that moment onward, the cat flees in terror at his master's approach. At first, the narrator is remorseful and regrets his cruelty. "But this feeling soon gave place to irritation. And then came, as if to my final and irrevocable overthrow, the spirit of PERVERSENESS." He takes the cat out in the garden one morning and hangs it from a tree, where it dies. That very night, his house mysteriously catches on fire forcing the narrator, his wife and their servant to next day, the narrator returns to the ruins of his home to find, imprinted on the single wall that survived the fire, the figure of a gigantic cat, hanging by its neck from a first, this image terrifies the narrator, but gradually he determines a logical explanation for it, that someone outside had thrown the dead cat into the bedroom to wake him up during the fire, and begins to miss Pluto. Some time later, he finds a similar cat in a tavern. It is the same size and color as the original and is even missing an eye. The only difference is a large white patch on the animal's chest. The narrator takes it home, but soon begins to loathe, even fear the creature. After a time, the white patch of fur begins to take shape and, to the narrator, forms the shape of the , one day when the narrator and his wife are visiting the cellar in their new home, the cat gets under its master's feet and nearly trips him down the stairs. In a fury, the man grabs an axe and tries to kill the cat but is stopped by his wife. Enraged, he kills her with the axe instead. To conceal her body he removes bricks from a protrusion in the wall, places her body there, and repairs the hole. When the police came to investigate, they find nothing and the narrator goes free. The cat, which he intended to kill as well, has gone the last day of the investigation, the narrator accompanies the police into the cellar. There, completely confident in his own safety, the narrator comments on the sturdiness of the building and raps upon the wall he had built around his wife's body. A wailing sound fills the room. The alarmed police tear down the wall and find the wife's corpse, and on her head, to the horror of the narrator, is the screeching black cat. As he words it: "I had walled the monster up within the tomb!" Like the narrator in Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart", the narrator of "The Black Cat" has questionable sanity. Near the beginning of the tale, the narrator says he would be "mad indeed" if he should expect a reader to believe the story, implying that he has already been accused of madness.[2]One of Poe's darkest tales, "The Black Cat" includes his strongest denouncement of alcohol. The narrator's perverse actions are brought on by his alcoholism, a "disease" and "fiend" which also destroys his personality.[3] The use of the black cat evokes various superstitions, including the idea voiced by the narrator's wife that they are all witches in disguise. The titular cat is named Pluto after the Roman god of the Underworld. Publication history"The Black Cat" was first published in the August 19, 1843 issue of The Saturday Evening Post. At the time, the publication was using the temporary title United States Saturday Post.[4] Readers immediately responded favorably to the story, spawning parodies including Thomas Dunn English's "The Ghost of the Grey Tadpole".[5][edit] Adaptations [edit] In film "The Black Cat" was adapted into a film starring Bela Lugosi and Boris Karloff in 1934 and another with Lugosi and Basil Rathbone in 1941, although neither version bears much resemblance to the original story.[5] Many other adaptations exist but the most faithful to the original is the middle segment of Roger Corman's trilogy film Tales of Terror in 1962.[5] Although the overall film was cast with Vincent Price as the lead, in this segment, he was in a supporting role with Peter Lorre as the main character. The 1934 film Maniac also loosely adapts the story. This version follows a former vaudeville actor who kills a doctor and takes the doctor's place to hide his crime. "The Black Cat" was also adapted into a film of the same name by Italian horror director Lucio Fulci in 1981. Film director Dario Argento presented his own loose adaptation of the story in the 1990 anthology film Two Evil Eyes.[edit] In television "The Black Cat" is the eleventh episode of the second season of Masters of Horror. The plot essentially retells the short story in a semi-autobiographical manner, with Poe himself undergoing a series of events involving a black cat which he used to inspire the story of the same name.[edit] Recordings In 1997, a compilation of Poe's work was released on a double CD entitled Closed on Account of Rabies, with various celebrities lending their voices to the tales. The Black Cat was read by avant-garde performer Diamanda Galás.[edit] References in literary works In 1970, Czech writer Ludvík Vaculík made many references to "A Descent into the Maelstr�0�2m" as well as "The Black Cat" in his novel The Guinea Pigs.[edit] References in art In 1910-11 Futurist artist Gino Severini painted "The Black Cat" in direct reference to Poe's short story. An illustration and description can be found at this site
1、猫艾滋病的定义猫艾滋病（FelineImmunodeficiencyVirus，FIV）是一种由猫免疫缺陷病毒引起的慢性传染病，可以导致猫的免疫系统受损，从而容易感染其他疾病。目前猫艾滋病还没有被完全治愈，因此预防措施十分重要。一旦猫被感染，应尽早采取措施，延缓病情的恶化。2、猫感染艾滋病的原因猫艾滋病的传播途径主要是通过感染了病毒的动物或猫的体液直接接触传播，如唾液、血液、精液、乳汁等。感染途径包括亲密接触、共用饮食用具、野生猫的接触、交配等。此外，在医疗过程中也有可能传播该病毒，如手术切口、牙齿缝隙、注射等。猫艾滋病属于病毒病，目前无特效药治疗，因此彻底清除猫艾滋病毒比较困难。3、猫感染艾滋病的症状猫感染艾滋病后，由于免疫系统受损，容易出现多种感染，如口腔炎、皮肤病、呼吸道疾病等。常见症状包括消瘦、愈合缓慢的伤口、发热、呕吐、腹泻、黄疸等。一般来说，猫艾滋病病毒进入猫体内后，需要一段时间才会出现明显的症状，这个时间长度因个体而异。在此期间，病毒随时可以通过猫的体液传播给其他猫。4、如何预防猫感染艾滋病预防猫感染艾滋病的最好方法就是防止猫暴露在感染病毒的环境中。应该避免让猫到室外游荡，不让它与未知病毒的猫接触。此外，要定期进行身体检查和血液检测，确保猫身体健康。如果家中有多只猫，应该让它们进行艾滋病疫苗的接种，这样可以有效地保护它们免受感染。可以根据宠物医院的指引，按时带猫接受疫苗注射，以保证疫苗的效果和接种的周期。
一、猫艾滋病的表现
就像人的艾滋病症状一样，猫艾滋病出现的临床症状的原因也不是直接由猫艾滋病引起的，而是由于它所患艾滋病之后引起的免疫不全导致，因为这样原本一些不起眼的病原体或微生物就在这个时候趁虚而入，继而引发严重的继发性感染！
猫艾滋病的临床表现为：
1、患猫有可能会出现慢性口炎和齿龈炎等口腔炎症。
2、患猫会发烧、身体逐渐消瘦、淋巴结发炎、出现贫血等症状。
3、腹泻及其一些神经疾病症状。
二、猫艾滋病的传播途径
对于猫艾滋病，首先大家就不要想歪了哦，猫艾滋病不是通过性接触传播的，这也是猫艾滋与人类艾滋病的不同，猫艾滋病主要通过咬伤的伤口感染造成传染的。而猫咪之间共同享用食物和水的碗一般不会导致健康猫咪感染上猫免疫缺陷病毒。此外，虽然证实了猫艾滋胎盘感染的可能性，但在实际临床上还是没有得到证实的。
4、怎样的猫容易感染猫艾滋病
通过了解猫艾滋病的传播途径之后，相信大家也隐约知道了怎么样的猫咪最容易感染上FIV了。猫艾滋病是不管什么年龄段的猫咪都会被感染的，只是那些平时耀武扬威，一言不合就动手打架的猫咪就更要小心一点，目前表现为5～19岁的成年猫的感染率较高，而且公猫的感染率会比母猫还要高出2倍多，还有就是养家猫感染率也会高于饲养单个家猫的家庭，而流浪猫和野猫的感染率比家养猫的要高，那些做过绝育手术的猫感染猫艾滋的几率相对会低很多。
爪爪博士对猫艾滋疾病的分享就到这里，想要了解更多猫艾滋病的知识可以点击《猫得艾滋病怎么办》了解。
猫也会患有艾滋病？猫艾滋是一种由病毒感染而引发的疾病，和人类的艾滋病一样会破坏自身的免疫系统。下面爪爪博士来带你正确认识猫艾滋。
猫艾滋和人类的艾滋病很像，猫咪可能会通过血液、乳汁、唾液、遗传或者交配等感染艾滋病，猫艾滋互破坏猫咪的免疫系统，导致猫咪出现身体上的各种炎症，临床上出现发烧、贫血、皮肤病、口炎、消瘦等症状。
人类是否会感染猫艾滋？
虽然同样叫艾滋，但是人是不会感染猫艾滋的，就连狗狗也不会。而猫艾滋在猫咪之间的传播也不是那么容易的，猫艾滋的潜伏期也比较长，一般会在猫咪中年和老年的时候才发病。因此，如果猫咪身上有艾滋病毒，不用太多担心，好好治疗就可以了。