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让我们一起携手对坑艾滋病。下面是由我为大家整理的“艾滋病的英语作文”欢迎阅读，仅供参考，希望对你有所帮助。
AIDS is the world recognized refractory disease, it is spreading at an alarming rate, seriously endangering the health of human beings, so-called "the plague of the century", "human killer", etc., to explain its arrival's impact on humans.
AIDS though terrible, but as long as the correct understanding of AIDS, understand the HIV/AIDS, is completely can prevent the publicity, education has a far-reaching significance.
In accordance with the superior file spirit, to a large number of students in our school publicity and education activities, using the class meeting, the flag-raising ceremony, seminars, group discussion and other forms take the way of combining centralization and decentralization, multi-angle, multi-channel, make students understand AIDS prevention knowledge, effect is significant.
At the beginning of this period, under the support of the global fund, plain AIDS project office, in a timely manner for the junior middle school students in our school for free a batch of the text.
In accordance with the relevant spirit of the county AIDS project office in our school, combining the reality of our school, through health education, includes forms again presented a new AIDS knowledge education.
艾滋病是世界公认的难治性疾病，它以惊人的速度传播，严重危害人类的健康，即所谓的“世纪瘟疫”、“人类杀手”等，来解释它的到来对人类的影响。
艾滋病虽然可怕，但只要正确认识艾滋病，了解艾滋病毒/艾滋病，完全可以防止宣传，教育意义深远。
按照上级文件精神，大量的在我们学校的宣传教育活动，学生上课使用，升旗仪式、讲座、小组讨论等形式，采取集中与分散相结合的方式，多角度、多渠道，使学生了解预防艾滋病知识，效果显著。
在这一时期开始，在全球基金资助下，平原艾滋病项目办公室，及时为我校的初中生免费提供一批课文。
根据我县艾滋病防治项目办公室的有关精神，结合我校实际，通过健康教育，包括形式，再次提出了新的艾滋病知识教育。
AIDS has become a topic of common concern to the people of the world. How to prevent AIDS has become a topic of attention. Everyone knows the horror of AIDS, which is called the "devil". So, what is a "devil" in the end?
Generally speaking, AIDS is the human immune system was damaged by a virus called "HIV", so the body loses resistance, not with those of life-threatening bacteria fighting, so that the body has a variety of incurable infections and tumors, eventually lead to a severe infection of infectious disease deaths.
It is understood that about 39 million 500 thousand people worldwide are infected with AIDS, increasing 4 million 300 thousand people every year. That is to say, every 8 seconds in the world, 110 thousand people will be infected with AIDS, and 8000 infected people will be killed every day. What an amazing number this is.
So, how can AIDS be contagious? It is caused by blood, unclean sexual intercourse, drug use or intravenous injection and mother to child transmission. Some people ask whether AIDS is very serious? This is of course, because the HIV - induced infectious disease is a very high death rate, and its mortality rate is second in all diseases. AIDS is like a sudden wind, "Shua" all of a sudden in you did not know the situation has spread rapidly.
In our country, what is the epidemic of AIDS? Since 1985, only a few people have been infected each year, most of them are people who come to China abroad, or people from our country. It lasted about four or five years. By the end of the 80s of the last century, the first pandemic appeared: China began the epidemic of AIDS on the Yunnan border. Since the middle of the 90s, a rapid growth period has been developed, which is characterized by a rapid spread of the whole country. From 1994 to now, nearly 10 years have been growing at a rate of more than 40%.
艾滋病，已成了全世界人民共同关心的一个话题。怎样预防艾滋病，也就成了大家更为关注的话题。大家都知道艾滋病的可怕，都称它为“魔鬼”。那么，艾滋病到底是怎样的一个“魔鬼”？
通俗的讲，艾滋病是人体免疫系统被一种叫做“HIV”的病毒所破坏，因此身体丧失了抵抗力，不能与那些对生命威胁的病菌战斗，从而使人体发生多种不可治愈的感染和肿瘤，最后导致被感染者死亡的一种严重传染病。
据了解现全球约有3950万人感染艾滋病，每年都会增加430万人，也就是说世界上每隔8秒钟就会有11万人被感染艾滋病，而全球每天都有8000名感染者丧命。这是多么惊人的数字。
那么，艾滋病是怎样传染的呢？是血液、不洁性交、吸毒或静脉注射和母婴传播而引起的。有人问艾滋病是不是很严重？这是当然的，因为艾滋病毒引起的传染病，是一种死亡率极高的病，它的死亡率在所有的病中排名第2。艾滋病就像一股突如其来的风，“唰——”一下子在你完全不知道的情况下降临并迅速蔓延。
在我国，艾滋病的流行情况又是怎样呢？从1985年开始，每年只有几例感染者，多数是国外来华的人士，或者是我们出国的人士。这样大概持续了四、五年。到了上世纪八十年代末，出现了第一个流行期：在云南边境，中国开始了艾滋病的流行。从九十年代中期开始，出现了快速增长期，其特点就是以很快的速度波及全国。从1994年到现在，将近10年的时间，一直都是在以40%以上的速度增长。
AIDS is not only harmful to the AIDS patients, bring heavy burden to the family, but also directly affect the development of the national economy, social stability, national prosperity, national prosperity of survival, it seems that AIDS is not only a threat to every person, every family, but also threaten the whole country, the social influence development and stability, visible AIDS prevention is the responsibility of the whole society.
AIDS is indeed very scary, but HIV infected people and AIDS patients are still our good friends. They should not get prejudice and discrimination, but from social and personal care.
The AIDS virus is highly contagious, but some daily behavior can not spread AIDS, such as hugging, shaking hands, a public toilet, eat together, talk, share of labor supplies, school supplies and so on, so we should have a correct understanding of AIDS transmission, to treat HIV with the correct attitude of the infected people and AIDS patients.
艾滋病不仅对艾滋病病人本身造成危害，给家庭带来沉重的负担，而且还直接影响国家经济的发展，社会的稳定，国家的兴衰，民族的兴存亡，由此看来，艾滋病不仅威胁着每一个人，每一个家庭，而且威胁着整个国家，影响社会的发展和稳定，可见预防艾滋病是全社会的责任。
艾滋病的确非常可怕，但艾滋病病毒的感染者和艾滋病病人仍然是我们的好朋友，他们应当得到的不是偏见和歧视，而是来自社会和个人的关爱。
艾滋病病毒的传染性极强，但是一些日常行为不能传播艾滋病，如拥抱，握手，公用厕所，一起吃饭，谈话交流，共用劳动用品，学习用品等，所以，我们应该正确认识艾滋病的传播途径，用正确的态度对待艾滋病病毒的感染者和艾滋病病人。
艾滋病的保健教育 你可以把它简化， 把要点抽出AIDS Education One important aspect of a comprehensive AIDS policy is education. Many in our society are ignorant of the facts and need more information. A study of young people in San Francisco revealed that 30 percent believed AIDS could be cured if treated early, and one-third did not know that AIDS cannot be transmitted merely by touching someone with AIDS activists, however, have seen education as the primary or even the sole means of fighting the AIDS epidemic. And while education is certainly important, information alone is not a sufficient means of fighting AIDS. Indeed, there are some serious concerns surrounding AIDS problem is that AIDS information is often dispensed in a so- called value neutral environment. Educators and counselors try to discuss AIDS and human sexuality in an amoral framework. But in attempting to be amoral, they often end up being immoral. Teaching the facts about subjects like condoms and homosexuality without teaching the moral values associated with them is tantamount to encouraging second concern about AIDS education is that it sometimes misrepresents the facts. Various medical and governmental reports, for example, have touted the condom as an effective means of reducing the risk of contracting AIDS. But while it is true that condoms reduce the risk of contracting AIDS, they by no means eliminate used for contraceptive purposes fail about 10 percent of the time over the course of a year. Former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop warned of the "extraordinarily high" failure rate of condoms among homosexuals. And a study done at the University of Miami Medical School showed that 17 percent of women married to men with AIDS became infected within a year despite the use of , AIDS education is frequently used to promote the homosexual lifestyle. While AIDS is not exclusively a gay disease, it has often been used by gay activists to promote acceptance of homosexuality. Although we should reach out to AIDS victims with compassion, we should not compromise the biblical teaching that homosexuality is unnatural (Rom. 1:26-27) and an abomination (Lev. 18:22).Fourth and last, there is some question about the general effectiveness of AIDS education. While educating people about AIDS may provide them with the basic facts, we should not be so naive as to believe that information alone will necessarily change their behavior. If it did, then our country's massive anti-smoking education programs would have been followed by a precipitous drop in smoking and lung cancer, and the numerous venereal-disease education programs would have substantially reduced the number of sexually transmitted inadequacy of education became evident through a survey that asked students at the University of Maryland about their knowledge of AIDS and their subsequent sexual behavior. Seventy-seven percent said they knew condoms can be used to limit the risk of infection of AIDS, but only 30 percent reported increased use of condoms. Eighty-three percent of the male students who said they have homosexual relations said they had made no change in their hasn't AIDS education been more effective? One reason is that people use selective perception to screen out most of the messages they receive. We do not, for example, pay much attention to lawnmower commercials unless we are in the market for a lawnmower. If people do not think they are at risk for AIDS, AIDS information may not get through their perceptual the problem of selective perception is emotional denial. High-risk groups often ignore messages they do not want to hear, and those at risk for AIDS are no and perhaps most important, human sin nature frequently keeps us from doing what is right and leads us to practice evil (Rom. 7:15-19). All have sinned (Rom. 3:23) and fall short of the glory of God, so we should not be surprised that people engage in dangerous sexual behavior even when they are armed with the facts.
World Aids Day According to UNAIDS（联合国艾滋病规划署）estimates there were million adults and million children living with HIV at the end of 2002, and during the year 5 million new people became infected with the virus. Around half of all people who become infected with HIV do so before they are 25 and are killed by AIDS before they are 35. 95% of the total number of people with HIV live in the developing world. But HIV still remains a threat to people of all ages and nationalities. Stigma and Discrimination is the theme of the 2003 World AIDS day. In many parts of the world, discrimination prevents people who are known to have HIV from securing a job or caring for their families. Discrimination can cause isolation and marginalizes（排斥）people who have HIV and AIDS. This can prevent people from being offered or seeking the treatment which could save their lives. In order for HIV to be effectively tackled on an international level, efforts need to be made to End the discrimination against people with HIV and AIDS. Educate people in safer sex and drug use, using appropriate media. Provide condoms freely to people in the developing world. Provide financial and medical assistance so that people with HIV and AIDS can be treated. Started in 1988, World AIDS Day is not just about raising money, but also about raising awareness, education and fighting prejudice. World AIDS Day is also important in reminding people that HIV has not gone away, and that there are many things still to be done. Themes for World Aids Day The theme for world AIDS day 2003 is Stigma and Discrimination. Each year there is a particular theme chosen for World AIDS Day, and for the last fourteen years the themes have been as follows: 2004 Women and AIDS 2003 Stigma and Discrimination 2002 Stigma and Discrimination 2001 I care. Do you? 2000 AIDS : Men make a difference 1999 Listen, Learn, Live: World AIDS Campaign with Children and Young People 1998 Force For Change: World AIDS Campaign With Young People 1997 Children Living in a World with AIDS 1996 One World, One Hope 1995 Shared Rights, Shared Responsibilities 1994 AIDS and the Family 1993 Time to Act 1992 Community Commitment 1991 Sharing the Challenge 1990 Women & AIDS 1989 Youth 1988 Communication The Red Ribbon The Red Ribbon is an international symbol of AIDS awareness that is worn by people all year round and particularly around world AIDS day to demonstrate care and concern about HIV and AIDS, and to remind others of the need for their support and commitment. The red ribbon started as a "grass roots" effort, and as a result there is no official red ribbon, and many people make their own. To make your own ribbons, get some ordinary red ribbon, about cms wide and cut it into strips about 15 cms long. Then fold at the top into an inverted "V" shape and put a safety pin through the centre which you use to attach the ribbon to your clothing.
今年12月1日是第16个“世界艾滋病日”。在全球纪念“世界艾滋病日”之际，联合国今天正式发起一项医治贫困艾滋病患者的全球行动计划。联合国同时利用今年“世界艾滋病日”的主题——消除羞辱与歧视，呼吁国际社会营造关心艾滋病患者的社会氛围。 向300万贫困患者伸出援手 “在2005年前为全球300万贫困的艾滋病患者提供治疗药物！”是联合国全球行动响亮的口号，也是简明的目标。联合国艾滋病防治署和世界卫生组织联合发起的这项全球行动，也因此简称为“五三”计划，今天起在全球几大城市启动。这一计划将具体通过简化抗艾滋病药物的配给、改善医疗服务等措施，确保发展中国家的艾滋病患者以最优惠的价格、更容易地获得他们需要的、高质量的药物。此外，计划还准备培训数千名新医疗人员和社区工作人员，以改善有关艾滋病患者的护理、治疗和诊断环境。 世界卫生组织对此表示，艾滋病是全球迄今为止最为急迫的健康问题。抗逆转录酶药物能够防止艾滋病毒携带者转化成艾滋病患者，而且相对来说可让他们过正常人的生活。但目前抗逆转录酶药物疗法仅在富裕国家获得广泛使用，贫穷国家因患者支付不起高昂的药费很难推广。目前全球约有600万艾滋病患者急需治疗。联合国的这项全球行动计划将用55亿美元为其中300万贫困患者提供药物。 每次只需一片，简化用药方法 为了切实执行联合国的全球行动计划，世界卫生组织今天同时推出了三种防治艾滋病非专利新药，分别是：合拉米夫定、司他夫定和奈韦拉平。与目前艾滋病组合疗法不同的是，三种新药帮助患者简化了复杂的用药问题，三种新药对于艾滋病患者来说，每次只需一片、一日两次，而不需要像目前组合疗法那样，患者一次需要吃十几片不同的药。 世界卫生组织称，三种新药对艾滋病的各种症状具有综合治疗作用，有利于在艾滋病重灾国家推广抗逆转录酶药物疗法。 “相互关爱，共享生命” 如果说“帮助贫困患者”的全球行动计划是从生理上帮助医治艾滋病人，那么“相互关爱，共享生命”的主题倡议则要求从社会心理上关心艾滋病患者。 “相互关爱，共享生命”是今年“世界艾滋病日”的主题，也是国际社会对艾滋病社会问题成因的深刻认识。艾滋病不仅是人类健康问题，而且涉及诸多社会因素。如何看待艾滋病和艾滋病患者已成为一大社会问题，关系到人类能否彻底根除艾滋病。 有关分析认为，某种程度上，人们对艾滋病普遍存在的误解，也是导致艾滋病毒新发感染者自1998年以来平均每年增长30％的原因。特别是，许多人至今仍然对艾滋病的传播途径一无所知，不少人则认为，艾滋病的流行是吸毒者、卖淫嫖娼者及男同性恋者等一些边缘化的少数群体造成的。殊不知，通过血液、不正当的性行为、吸毒和母婴传播等途径，已造成大量人感染艾滋病，如今艾滋病从脆弱群体向整个社会蔓延的势头未减，对艾滋病问题的畏缩、偏见、蔑视和自我保护等，将无助于艾滋病防治工作的推进。而全社会关注艾滋病，关心艾滋病患者，以及加大预防力度，这些措施比以往任何时候均显得更为重要。 正像联合国秘书长安南在“世界艾滋病日”呼吁的那样，国际社会需要提供必要的资源，采取必要的行动，将艾滋病列为政治议程与实际工作议程的头等大事。世界各国政府和人民需要一起继续公开讨论艾滋病问题，一起打破围绕艾滋病问题的沉默、蔑视和歧视。新华网德班（南非）8月5日电 在这里举行的南非艾滋病大会上，专家们5日说，预防、治疗和社会关爱是人类抵御艾滋病的“法宝”。会议代表用三个交叉在一起的圆来表示它们的重要意义。 开普敦大学的传染病和分子医学研究员乔安妮·哈梅伦博士领导的一个艾滋病疫苗研究小组被南非各界寄予厚望。当记者问她，在抵御艾滋病方面最重要的措施是什么时，她毫不犹豫地说：“预防。”她说，全世界有4200万艾滋病患者，南非超过10％的人口成为患者，这种疾病已经对全人类构成了切实的威胁，应该告诉大众特别是年轻一代，什么是艾滋病，它的传播途径有哪几种，怎样保护自己不受侵袭。 哈梅伦说，在另一个非洲国家乌干达，社会各界积极采取措施告诉人 们怎么预防艾滋病，整个国家的艾滋病感染率正在大幅度降低。其他专家还提出，现在应该把预防重点转移到保护女性上来。 参加会议的专家们还说，在艾滋病的治疗领域，人类已开发出不少药物，它们能抑制人体内的艾滋病病毒，使患者长时间保持健康状态，但这些药物都无法完全消灭人体内的病毒。此外，艾滋病病毒具有变异性，科学家目前很难研制出适用的疫苗，而且一种疫苗从开始实验到真正确定有效至少需要10年的时间。 在这次大会上引起普遍关注的问题是，发展中国家大量艾滋病患者失去劳动力或失去工作，或者本来就十分贫困，因而无力购买必需的药物。代表们在各种场合呼吁，以合理的价格向艾滋病患者提供药物，挽救宝贵的生命。 对艾滋病患者，歧视和隔绝是一场恶梦，而社会的理解和接纳才能支持他们。南非副总统祖马曾说：“在艾滋病病毒杀死他们（艾滋病患者）之前，社会的歧视已经毁了他们。”与会的一名艾滋病患者代表也说，家人的爱、同事的理解和社会的接纳是他能走到现在的重要动力。 除了艾滋病患者本人，他们遗留下的孤儿、父母也都需要人们的关爱。在南非的乡村，不少成年男子因艾滋病而去世，留下了由爷爷奶奶和孙子孙女组成的特殊家庭，没有社会的支持，他们很难生存下去。 本次大会主席库瓦迪亚教授3日在开幕式上说，艾滋病是南非面临的最具灾难性的疾病，但是凭着人类的智慧、勇气和正确的方法，最终一定能制服艾滋病。民间NGO。“可以说，防治艾滋病，帮助病人和病毒携带者，必须有NGO。在艾滋病防治上，如同环境保护一样，政府不可能将所有工作包下来。首先资源有限，现在政府已经从许多领域撤退下来，政府没有足够的精力将艾滋病的工作全部包下来。比方说心理关怀，政府不会有那么多人力一对一地去做劝解、开导，就需要民间人士来做些工作。比如对高危人群的辅导，向同性恋团体做宣传，政府官员不适合去，就需要民间人士去。NGO还可以利用它的优势，在国内外申请资助，获得为防治艾滋病所必需的补充资源。我们可以看到，在世界上，凡是在艾滋病问题上发挥NGO作用好的国家，那里的艾滋病蔓延的势头就得到了控制。” 每一个人。“把你知道的科学知识宣传出去。对艾滋病的认识是很简单的，可是现在大众的成见太深，需要一点点地化解。我没法预期什么时候情况会得到改善，只能说，如果各个方面都做好的话——这是假设——5年的时间有可能会改善。艾滋病防治是全民的责任，应该让老百姓起来参与，在参与中提高认识。首先，我们不能只在每年的12月1日艾滋病日关怀他们，媒体宣传一下，相关人士走访一下。对艾滋病的重视，对病人和HIV感染者的关怀，应该成为人们的日常工作的内容了。”
爱滋病传播途径及预防方法 摘要:艾滋病的医学全称为:"获得性免疫缺陷综合症",英文缩写"AIDS",是由人体感染人类免疫缺陷病毒即艾滋病毒(HIV)引起的免疫缺陷综合症. 大多数感染了艾滋病病毒的人,仍然是健康的,并能在没有症状或只有轻微疾病的情况下生活多年.即使他们看起来健康,自己也感觉健康的时候,他们仍能够将艾滋病病毒传染给其他人,终生具有传染性. HIV 具有严格的宿主特异性,可感染人类并导致AIDS.在实验条件下,HIV-1可感染黑猩猩,HIV-2可感染恒河猴,可导致病血症及血清抗体转为阳性,但不能引起动物发病.从HIV感染者外周血,精液,乳汁,脑脊液,唾液,泪液和其他体液中均可分离到病毒,不过目前尚无经泪液,唾液和汁液等感染HIV的报道.HIV一般通过血液和精液和,其传播途径主要包括: (1)性传播,通过性行为在男同性恋者之间及异性间传播,也可通过人工授精传播; (2)血液传播,通过接受HIV感染者捐献的血液或器官,使用受HIV污染的血染液制品或与HIV感染者共用注射针头而被感染,此外,接触HIV感染者体液或HIV培养物的医务人员和实验人员存在感染HIV的职业危险性; (3)母婴传播,感染HIV者的母亲,可在子宫内或在分娩时将HIV传染给新生儿(Connor,1997).除此之外,人与人的一般接触并不会导致HIV的传播,对此不必过分敏感和恐惧. 在体外,HIV可感染CD4+T淋巴细胞(T4细胞)和单核-巨噬细胞,在其中增殖并引起细胞病变中,表明CD4+T淋巴细胞和单核-巨噬细胞是HIV主要的靶细胞.此外,HIV还可感染正常B淋巴细胞,经EB病毒转化形成的B淋巴母细胞系,小胶质细胞,神经胶质细胞,中幼粒细胞及多种细胞系 (O'Brien,1997) 在体内,HIV除感染结缔组织中的CD4+T淋巴细胞,单核-巨噬细胞,B淋巴细胞,中幼粒细胞和滤泡树突状细胞外,还可感染上皮组织中的朗格汉细胞(Langerhanscell)及神经组织中的小胶质细胞,少突胶质细胞,星形胶质细胞和脑内皮细胞,其分布遍及骨骼,胸腺,脑,心,肺,肠,眼,肾,皮肤和性腺等器官(Dittmar,1997a).HIV具有如此广泛的细胞和组织嗜性,同它所引起的CD4+T淋巴细胞缺陷,淋巴腺病,卡波西肉瘤以及神经系统损伤等多脏器症状是相吻合的. 高度的变异性是HIV及其他反转录病毒所具有的显著特征.突变主要来自反转录过程,其中env和nef等基因变异幅度最大,而gag和pol等则相对保守,变异程度较低且多为沉默的点突变.根据env和gag等基因的变异, 至少可将HIV-1划分为2群,共11个亚型.其中M(main)群由10个亚型组成,即A-J亚型.欧美主要为B亚型,非洲流行A,C,D,E等亚型; 在我国B亚型占优势,其次为C亚弄和A亚型;此外,M群中还存在着各亚型之间的嵌合体(mosaic),如A/E,G/A等.O(outlier)群主要分布于西百和中非,由于成员较少,常被视为一个亚型(O亚型).根据同样的方法,可将HIV-2划分为A,B等亚型(UNAIDS,1997).不仅各地区或不同个体之间HIV存在很大的变异,即使在同一个体内部,差异同样明显.事实上,每个HIV感染者所携带的都是一个异质性的病毒群体,各种突变株共存于体内.高度变异性有助于HIV逃避宿主的免疫监视,同时也为HIV感染的预防,诊断和治疗设置了巨大的障碍. 怎样预防艾滋病 针对不同传播途径,科学家们建议应当采取以下措施: 1,预防艾滋病的性传播 洁身自爱,保持忠贞单一的性关系; 发生危险性行为时正确使用避孕套; 及时治疗性病. 2,预防艾滋病的血液传播 不使用未经检测的血液及血液制品. 不吸毒,不与别人共用针具吸毒. 穿耳或身体穿刺,文身,针刺疗法或者任何需要侵入性的刺破皮肤的过程,都有一定的艾滋病病毒传播危险. 3,母婴传播预防 艾滋病病毒可在怀孕,分娩或者孩子出生后的母乳喂养过程中传播. 感染艾滋病病毒的妇女应避免怀孕,如怀孕应人工流产. 孕,产妇在分娩前,后使用抗病毒药物,可降低母婴传播的几率. 采用人工喂养,也可减少艾滋病病毒感染的危险性.
艾滋病的保健教育 你可以把它简化， 把要点抽出AIDS Education One important aspect of a comprehensive AIDS policy is education. Many in our society are ignorant of the facts and need more information. A study of young people in San Francisco revealed that 30 percent believed AIDS could be cured if treated early, and one-third did not know that AIDS cannot be transmitted merely by touching someone with AIDS activists, however, have seen education as the primary or even the sole means of fighting the AIDS epidemic. And while education is certainly important, information alone is not a sufficient means of fighting AIDS. Indeed, there are some serious concerns surrounding AIDS problem is that AIDS information is often dispensed in a so- called value neutral environment. Educators and counselors try to discuss AIDS and human sexuality in an amoral framework. But in attempting to be amoral, they often end up being immoral. Teaching the facts about subjects like condoms and homosexuality without teaching the moral values associated with them is tantamount to encouraging second concern about AIDS education is that it sometimes misrepresents the facts. Various medical and governmental reports, for example, have touted the condom as an effective means of reducing the risk of contracting AIDS. But while it is true that condoms reduce the risk of contracting AIDS, they by no means eliminate used for contraceptive purposes fail about 10 percent of the time over the course of a year. Former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop warned of the "extraordinarily high" failure rate of condoms among homosexuals. And a study done at the University of Miami Medical School showed that 17 percent of women married to men with AIDS became infected within a year despite the use of , AIDS education is frequently used to promote the homosexual lifestyle. While AIDS is not exclusively a gay disease, it has often been used by gay activists to promote acceptance of homosexuality. Although we should reach out to AIDS victims with compassion, we should not compromise the biblical teaching that homosexuality is unnatural (Rom. 1:26-27) and an abomination (Lev. 18:22).Fourth and last, there is some question about the general effectiveness of AIDS education. While educating people about AIDS may provide them with the basic facts, we should not be so naive as to believe that information alone will necessarily change their behavior. If it did, then our country's massive anti-smoking education programs would have been followed by a precipitous drop in smoking and lung cancer, and the numerous venereal-disease education programs would have substantially reduced the number of sexually transmitted inadequacy of education became evident through a survey that asked students at the University of Maryland about their knowledge of AIDS and their subsequent sexual behavior. Seventy-seven percent said they knew condoms can be used to limit the risk of infection of AIDS, but only 30 percent reported increased use of condoms. Eighty-three percent of the male students who said they have homosexual relations said they had made no change in their hasn't AIDS education been more effective? One reason is that people use selective perception to screen out most of the messages they receive. We do not, for example, pay much attention to lawnmower commercials unless we are in the market for a lawnmower. If people do not think they are at risk for AIDS, AIDS information may not get through their perceptual the problem of selective perception is emotional denial. High-risk groups often ignore messages they do not want to hear, and those at risk for AIDS are no and perhaps most important, human sin nature frequently keeps us from doing what is right and leads us to practice evil (Rom. 7:15-19). All have sinned (Rom. 3:23) and fall short of the glory of God, so we should not be surprised that people engage in dangerous sexual behavior even when they are armed with the facts.
让我们一起携手对坑艾滋病。下面是由我为大家整理的“艾滋病的英语作文”欢迎阅读，仅供参考，希望对你有所帮助。
AIDS is the world recognized refractory disease, it is spreading at an alarming rate, seriously endangering the health of human beings, so-called "the plague of the century", "human killer", etc., to explain its arrival's impact on humans.
AIDS though terrible, but as long as the correct understanding of AIDS, understand the HIV/AIDS, is completely can prevent the publicity, education has a far-reaching significance.
In accordance with the superior file spirit, to a large number of students in our school publicity and education activities, using the class meeting, the flag-raising ceremony, seminars, group discussion and other forms take the way of combining centralization and decentralization, multi-angle, multi-channel, make students understand AIDS prevention knowledge, effect is significant.
At the beginning of this period, under the support of the global fund, plain AIDS project office, in a timely manner for the junior middle school students in our school for free a batch of the text.
In accordance with the relevant spirit of the county AIDS project office in our school, combining the reality of our school, through health education, includes forms again presented a new AIDS knowledge education.
艾滋病是世界公认的难治性疾病，它以惊人的速度传播，严重危害人类的健康，即所谓的“世纪瘟疫”、“人类杀手”等，来解释它的到来对人类的影响。
艾滋病虽然可怕，但只要正确认识艾滋病，了解艾滋病毒/艾滋病，完全可以防止宣传，教育意义深远。
按照上级文件精神，大量的在我们学校的宣传教育活动，学生上课使用，升旗仪式、讲座、小组讨论等形式，采取集中与分散相结合的方式，多角度、多渠道，使学生了解预防艾滋病知识，效果显著。
在这一时期开始，在全球基金资助下，平原艾滋病项目办公室，及时为我校的初中生免费提供一批课文。
根据我县艾滋病防治项目办公室的有关精神，结合我校实际，通过健康教育，包括形式，再次提出了新的艾滋病知识教育。
AIDS has become a topic of common concern to the people of the world. How to prevent AIDS has become a topic of attention. Everyone knows the horror of AIDS, which is called the "devil". So, what is a "devil" in the end?
Generally speaking, AIDS is the human immune system was damaged by a virus called "HIV", so the body loses resistance, not with those of life-threatening bacteria fighting, so that the body has a variety of incurable infections and tumors, eventually lead to a severe infection of infectious disease deaths.
It is understood that about 39 million 500 thousand people worldwide are infected with AIDS, increasing 4 million 300 thousand people every year. That is to say, every 8 seconds in the world, 110 thousand people will be infected with AIDS, and 8000 infected people will be killed every day. What an amazing number this is.
So, how can AIDS be contagious? It is caused by blood, unclean sexual intercourse, drug use or intravenous injection and mother to child transmission. Some people ask whether AIDS is very serious? This is of course, because the HIV - induced infectious disease is a very high death rate, and its mortality rate is second in all diseases. AIDS is like a sudden wind, "Shua" all of a sudden in you did not know the situation has spread rapidly.
In our country, what is the epidemic of AIDS? Since 1985, only a few people have been infected each year, most of them are people who come to China abroad, or people from our country. It lasted about four or five years. By the end of the 80s of the last century, the first pandemic appeared: China began the epidemic of AIDS on the Yunnan border. Since the middle of the 90s, a rapid growth period has been developed, which is characterized by a rapid spread of the whole country. From 1994 to now, nearly 10 years have been growing at a rate of more than 40%.
艾滋病，已成了全世界人民共同关心的一个话题。怎样预防艾滋病，也就成了大家更为关注的话题。大家都知道艾滋病的可怕，都称它为“魔鬼”。那么，艾滋病到底是怎样的一个“魔鬼”？
通俗的讲，艾滋病是人体免疫系统被一种叫做“HIV”的病毒所破坏，因此身体丧失了抵抗力，不能与那些对生命威胁的病菌战斗，从而使人体发生多种不可治愈的感染和肿瘤，最后导致被感染者死亡的一种严重传染病。
据了解现全球约有3950万人感染艾滋病，每年都会增加430万人，也就是说世界上每隔8秒钟就会有11万人被感染艾滋病，而全球每天都有8000名感染者丧命。这是多么惊人的数字。
那么，艾滋病是怎样传染的呢？是血液、不洁性交、吸毒或静脉注射和母婴传播而引起的。有人问艾滋病是不是很严重？这是当然的，因为艾滋病毒引起的传染病，是一种死亡率极高的病，它的死亡率在所有的病中排名第2。艾滋病就像一股突如其来的风，“唰——”一下子在你完全不知道的情况下降临并迅速蔓延。
在我国，艾滋病的流行情况又是怎样呢？从1985年开始，每年只有几例感染者，多数是国外来华的人士，或者是我们出国的人士。这样大概持续了四、五年。到了上世纪八十年代末，出现了第一个流行期：在云南边境，中国开始了艾滋病的流行。从九十年代中期开始，出现了快速增长期，其特点就是以很快的速度波及全国。从1994年到现在，将近10年的时间，一直都是在以40%以上的速度增长。
AIDS is not only harmful to the AIDS patients, bring heavy burden to the family, but also directly affect the development of the national economy, social stability, national prosperity, national prosperity of survival, it seems that AIDS is not only a threat to every person, every family, but also threaten the whole country, the social influence development and stability, visible AIDS prevention is the responsibility of the whole society.
AIDS is indeed very scary, but HIV infected people and AIDS patients are still our good friends. They should not get prejudice and discrimination, but from social and personal care.
The AIDS virus is highly contagious, but some daily behavior can not spread AIDS, such as hugging, shaking hands, a public toilet, eat together, talk, share of labor supplies, school supplies and so on, so we should have a correct understanding of AIDS transmission, to treat HIV with the correct attitude of the infected people and AIDS patients.
艾滋病不仅对艾滋病病人本身造成危害，给家庭带来沉重的负担，而且还直接影响国家经济的发展，社会的稳定，国家的兴衰，民族的兴存亡，由此看来，艾滋病不仅威胁着每一个人，每一个家庭，而且威胁着整个国家，影响社会的发展和稳定，可见预防艾滋病是全社会的责任。
艾滋病的确非常可怕，但艾滋病病毒的感染者和艾滋病病人仍然是我们的好朋友，他们应当得到的不是偏见和歧视，而是来自社会和个人的关爱。
艾滋病病毒的传染性极强，但是一些日常行为不能传播艾滋病，如拥抱，握手，公用厕所，一起吃饭，谈话交流，共用劳动用品，学习用品等，所以，我们应该正确认识艾滋病的传播途径，用正确的态度对待艾滋病病毒的感染者和艾滋病病人。
一、发病机理二、发病症状三、传播途径四、预防措施五、关爱艾滋病人...
爱滋病传播途径及预防方法 摘要:艾滋病的医学全称为:"获得性免疫缺陷综合症",英文缩写"AIDS",是由人体感染人类免疫缺陷病毒即艾滋病毒(HIV)引起的免疫缺陷综合症. 大多数感染了艾滋病病毒的人,仍然是健康的,并能在没有症状或只有轻微疾病的情况下生活多年.即使他们看起来健康,自己也感觉健康的时候,他们仍能够将艾滋病病毒传染给其他人,终生具有传染性. HIV 具有严格的宿主特异性,可感染人类并导致AIDS.在实验条件下,HIV-1可感染黑猩猩,HIV-2可感染恒河猴,可导致病血症及血清抗体转为阳性,但不能引起动物发病.从HIV感染者外周血,精液,乳汁,脑脊液,唾液,泪液和其他体液中均可分离到病毒,不过目前尚无经泪液,唾液和汁液等感染HIV的报道.HIV一般通过血液和精液和,其传播途径主要包括: (1)性传播,通过性行为在男同性恋者之间及异性间传播,也可通过人工授精传播; (2)血液传播,通过接受HIV感染者捐献的血液或器官,使用受HIV污染的血染液制品或与HIV感染者共用注射针头而被感染,此外,接触HIV感染者体液或HIV培养物的医务人员和实验人员存在感染HIV的职业危险性; (3)母婴传播,感染HIV者的母亲,可在子宫内或在分娩时将HIV传染给新生儿(Connor,1997).除此之外,人与人的一般接触并不会导致HIV的传播,对此不必过分敏感和恐惧. 在体外,HIV可感染CD4+T淋巴细胞(T4细胞)和单核-巨噬细胞,在其中增殖并引起细胞病变中,表明CD4+T淋巴细胞和单核-巨噬细胞是HIV主要的靶细胞.此外,HIV还可感染正常B淋巴细胞,经EB病毒转化形成的B淋巴母细胞系,小胶质细胞,神经胶质细胞,中幼粒细胞及多种细胞系 (O'Brien,1997) 在体内,HIV除感染结缔组织中的CD4+T淋巴细胞,单核-巨噬细胞,B淋巴细胞,中幼粒细胞和滤泡树突状细胞外,还可感染上皮组织中的朗格汉细胞(Langerhanscell)及神经组织中的小胶质细胞,少突胶质细胞,星形胶质细胞和脑内皮细胞,其分布遍及骨骼,胸腺,脑,心,肺,肠,眼,肾,皮肤和性腺等器官(Dittmar,1997a).HIV具有如此广泛的细胞和组织嗜性,同它所引起的CD4+T淋巴细胞缺陷,淋巴腺病,卡波西肉瘤以及神经系统损伤等多脏器症状是相吻合的. 高度的变异性是HIV及其他反转录病毒所具有的显著特征.突变主要来自反转录过程,其中env和nef等基因变异幅度最大,而gag和pol等则相对保守,变异程度较低且多为沉默的点突变.根据env和gag等基因的变异, 至少可将HIV-1划分为2群,共11个亚型.其中M(main)群由10个亚型组成,即A-J亚型.欧美主要为B亚型,非洲流行A,C,D,E等亚型; 在我国B亚型占优势,其次为C亚弄和A亚型;此外,M群中还存在着各亚型之间的嵌合体(mosaic),如A/E,G/A等.O(outlier)群主要分布于西百和中非,由于成员较少,常被视为一个亚型(O亚型).根据同样的方法,可将HIV-2划分为A,B等亚型(UNAIDS,1997).不仅各地区或不同个体之间HIV存在很大的变异,即使在同一个体内部,差异同样明显.事实上,每个HIV感染者所携带的都是一个异质性的病毒群体,各种突变株共存于体内.高度变异性有助于HIV逃避宿主的免疫监视,同时也为HIV感染的预防,诊断和治疗设置了巨大的障碍. 怎样预防艾滋病 针对不同传播途径,科学家们建议应当采取以下措施: 1,预防艾滋病的性传播 洁身自爱,保持忠贞单一的性关系; 发生危险性行为时正确使用避孕套; 及时治疗性病. 2,预防艾滋病的血液传播 不使用未经检测的血液及血液制品. 不吸毒,不与别人共用针具吸毒. 穿耳或身体穿刺,文身,针刺疗法或者任何需要侵入性的刺破皮肤的过程,都有一定的艾滋病病毒传播危险. 3,母婴传播预防 艾滋病病毒可在怀孕,分娩或者孩子出生后的母乳喂养过程中传播. 感染艾滋病病毒的妇女应避免怀孕,如怀孕应人工流产. 孕,产妇在分娩前,后使用抗病毒药物,可降低母婴传播的几率. 采用人工喂养,也可减少艾滋病病毒感染的危险性.
艾滋病的保健教育 你可以把它简化， 把要点抽出AIDS Education One important aspect of a comprehensive AIDS policy is education. Many in our society are ignorant of the facts and need more information. A study of young people in San Francisco revealed that 30 percent believed AIDS could be cured if treated early, and one-third did not know that AIDS cannot be transmitted merely by touching someone with AIDS activists, however, have seen education as the primary or even the sole means of fighting the AIDS epidemic. And while education is certainly important, information alone is not a sufficient means of fighting AIDS. Indeed, there are some serious concerns surrounding AIDS problem is that AIDS information is often dispensed in a so- called value neutral environment. Educators and counselors try to discuss AIDS and human sexuality in an amoral framework. But in attempting to be amoral, they often end up being immoral. Teaching the facts about subjects like condoms and homosexuality without teaching the moral values associated with them is tantamount to encouraging second concern about AIDS education is that it sometimes misrepresents the facts. Various medical and governmental reports, for example, have touted the condom as an effective means of reducing the risk of contracting AIDS. But while it is true that condoms reduce the risk of contracting AIDS, they by no means eliminate used for contraceptive purposes fail about 10 percent of the time over the course of a year. Former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop warned of the "extraordinarily high" failure rate of condoms among homosexuals. And a study done at the University of Miami Medical School showed that 17 percent of women married to men with AIDS became infected within a year despite the use of , AIDS education is frequently used to promote the homosexual lifestyle. While AIDS is not exclusively a gay disease, it has often been used by gay activists to promote acceptance of homosexuality. Although we should reach out to AIDS victims with compassion, we should not compromise the biblical teaching that homosexuality is unnatural (Rom. 1:26-27) and an abomination (Lev. 18:22).Fourth and last, there is some question about the general effectiveness of AIDS education. While educating people about AIDS may provide them with the basic facts, we should not be so naive as to believe that information alone will necessarily change their behavior. If it did, then our country's massive anti-smoking education programs would have been followed by a precipitous drop in smoking and lung cancer, and the numerous venereal-disease education programs would have substantially reduced the number of sexually transmitted inadequacy of education became evident through a survey that asked students at the University of Maryland about their knowledge of AIDS and their subsequent sexual behavior. Seventy-seven percent said they knew condoms can be used to limit the risk of infection of AIDS, but only 30 percent reported increased use of condoms. Eighty-three percent of the male students who said they have homosexual relations said they had made no change in their hasn't AIDS education been more effective? One reason is that people use selective perception to screen out most of the messages they receive. We do not, for example, pay much attention to lawnmower commercials unless we are in the market for a lawnmower. If people do not think they are at risk for AIDS, AIDS information may not get through their perceptual the problem of selective perception is emotional denial. High-risk groups often ignore messages they do not want to hear, and those at risk for AIDS are no and perhaps most important, human sin nature frequently keeps us from doing what is right and leads us to practice evil (Rom. 7:15-19). All have sinned (Rom. 3:23) and fall short of the glory of God, so we should not be surprised that people engage in dangerous sexual behavior even when they are armed with the facts.
写一篇关于艾滋病的论文，要从 写一篇关于艾滋病的论文，要从那几 个方面着手呢？给我设计个提纲啊。 那几 个方面着手呢？给我设计个提纲啊。
让我们一起携手对坑艾滋病。下面是由我为大家整理的“艾滋病的英语作文”欢迎阅读，仅供参考，希望对你有所帮助。
AIDS is the world recognized refractory disease, it is spreading at an alarming rate, seriously endangering the health of human beings, so-called "the plague of the century", "human killer", etc., to explain its arrival's impact on humans.
AIDS though terrible, but as long as the correct understanding of AIDS, understand the HIV/AIDS, is completely can prevent the publicity, education has a far-reaching significance.
In accordance with the superior file spirit, to a large number of students in our school publicity and education activities, using the class meeting, the flag-raising ceremony, seminars, group discussion and other forms take the way of combining centralization and decentralization, multi-angle, multi-channel, make students understand AIDS prevention knowledge, effect is significant.
At the beginning of this period, under the support of the global fund, plain AIDS project office, in a timely manner for the junior middle school students in our school for free a batch of the text.
In accordance with the relevant spirit of the county AIDS project office in our school, combining the reality of our school, through health education, includes forms again presented a new AIDS knowledge education.
艾滋病是世界公认的难治性疾病，它以惊人的速度传播，严重危害人类的健康，即所谓的“世纪瘟疫”、“人类杀手”等，来解释它的到来对人类的影响。
艾滋病虽然可怕，但只要正确认识艾滋病，了解艾滋病毒/艾滋病，完全可以防止宣传，教育意义深远。
按照上级文件精神，大量的在我们学校的宣传教育活动，学生上课使用，升旗仪式、讲座、小组讨论等形式，采取集中与分散相结合的方式，多角度、多渠道，使学生了解预防艾滋病知识，效果显著。
在这一时期开始，在全球基金资助下，平原艾滋病项目办公室，及时为我校的初中生免费提供一批课文。
根据我县艾滋病防治项目办公室的有关精神，结合我校实际，通过健康教育，包括形式，再次提出了新的艾滋病知识教育。
AIDS has become a topic of common concern to the people of the world. How to prevent AIDS has become a topic of attention. Everyone knows the horror of AIDS, which is called the "devil". So, what is a "devil" in the end?
Generally speaking, AIDS is the human immune system was damaged by a virus called "HIV", so the body loses resistance, not with those of life-threatening bacteria fighting, so that the body has a variety of incurable infections and tumors, eventually lead to a severe infection of infectious disease deaths.
It is understood that about 39 million 500 thousand people worldwide are infected with AIDS, increasing 4 million 300 thousand people every year. That is to say, every 8 seconds in the world, 110 thousand people will be infected with AIDS, and 8000 infected people will be killed every day. What an amazing number this is.
So, how can AIDS be contagious? It is caused by blood, unclean sexual intercourse, drug use or intravenous injection and mother to child transmission. Some people ask whether AIDS is very serious? This is of course, because the HIV - induced infectious disease is a very high death rate, and its mortality rate is second in all diseases. AIDS is like a sudden wind, "Shua" all of a sudden in you did not know the situation has spread rapidly.
In our country, what is the epidemic of AIDS? Since 1985, only a few people have been infected each year, most of them are people who come to China abroad, or people from our country. It lasted about four or five years. By the end of the 80s of the last century, the first pandemic appeared: China began the epidemic of AIDS on the Yunnan border. Since the middle of the 90s, a rapid growth period has been developed, which is characterized by a rapid spread of the whole country. From 1994 to now, nearly 10 years have been growing at a rate of more than 40%.
艾滋病，已成了全世界人民共同关心的一个话题。怎样预防艾滋病，也就成了大家更为关注的话题。大家都知道艾滋病的可怕，都称它为“魔鬼”。那么，艾滋病到底是怎样的一个“魔鬼”？
通俗的讲，艾滋病是人体免疫系统被一种叫做“HIV”的病毒所破坏，因此身体丧失了抵抗力，不能与那些对生命威胁的病菌战斗，从而使人体发生多种不可治愈的感染和肿瘤，最后导致被感染者死亡的一种严重传染病。
据了解现全球约有3950万人感染艾滋病，每年都会增加430万人，也就是说世界上每隔8秒钟就会有11万人被感染艾滋病，而全球每天都有8000名感染者丧命。这是多么惊人的数字。
那么，艾滋病是怎样传染的呢？是血液、不洁性交、吸毒或静脉注射和母婴传播而引起的。有人问艾滋病是不是很严重？这是当然的，因为艾滋病毒引起的传染病，是一种死亡率极高的病，它的死亡率在所有的病中排名第2。艾滋病就像一股突如其来的风，“唰——”一下子在你完全不知道的情况下降临并迅速蔓延。
在我国，艾滋病的流行情况又是怎样呢？从1985年开始，每年只有几例感染者，多数是国外来华的人士，或者是我们出国的人士。这样大概持续了四、五年。到了上世纪八十年代末，出现了第一个流行期：在云南边境，中国开始了艾滋病的流行。从九十年代中期开始，出现了快速增长期，其特点就是以很快的速度波及全国。从1994年到现在，将近10年的时间，一直都是在以40%以上的速度增长。
AIDS is not only harmful to the AIDS patients, bring heavy burden to the family, but also directly affect the development of the national economy, social stability, national prosperity, national prosperity of survival, it seems that AIDS is not only a threat to every person, every family, but also threaten the whole country, the social influence development and stability, visible AIDS prevention is the responsibility of the whole society.
AIDS is indeed very scary, but HIV infected people and AIDS patients are still our good friends. They should not get prejudice and discrimination, but from social and personal care.
The AIDS virus is highly contagious, but some daily behavior can not spread AIDS, such as hugging, shaking hands, a public toilet, eat together, talk, share of labor supplies, school supplies and so on, so we should have a correct understanding of AIDS transmission, to treat HIV with the correct attitude of the infected people and AIDS patients.
艾滋病不仅对艾滋病病人本身造成危害，给家庭带来沉重的负担，而且还直接影响国家经济的发展，社会的稳定，国家的兴衰，民族的兴存亡，由此看来，艾滋病不仅威胁着每一个人，每一个家庭，而且威胁着整个国家，影响社会的发展和稳定，可见预防艾滋病是全社会的责任。
艾滋病的确非常可怕，但艾滋病病毒的感染者和艾滋病病人仍然是我们的好朋友，他们应当得到的不是偏见和歧视，而是来自社会和个人的关爱。
艾滋病病毒的传染性极强，但是一些日常行为不能传播艾滋病，如拥抱，握手，公用厕所，一起吃饭，谈话交流，共用劳动用品，学习用品等，所以，我们应该正确认识艾滋病的传播途径，用正确的态度对待艾滋病病毒的感染者和艾滋病病人。
艾滋病的保健教育 你可以把它简化， 把要点抽出AIDS Education One important aspect of a comprehensive AIDS policy is education. Many in our society are ignorant of the facts and need more information. A study of young people in San Francisco revealed that 30 percent believed AIDS could be cured if treated early, and one-third did not know that AIDS cannot be transmitted merely by touching someone with AIDS activists, however, have seen education as the primary or even the sole means of fighting the AIDS epidemic. And while education is certainly important, information alone is not a sufficient means of fighting AIDS. Indeed, there are some serious concerns surrounding AIDS problem is that AIDS information is often dispensed in a so- called value neutral environment. Educators and counselors try to discuss AIDS and human sexuality in an amoral framework. But in attempting to be amoral, they often end up being immoral. Teaching the facts about subjects like condoms and homosexuality without teaching the moral values associated with them is tantamount to encouraging second concern about AIDS education is that it sometimes misrepresents the facts. Various medical and governmental reports, for example, have touted the condom as an effective means of reducing the risk of contracting AIDS. But while it is true that condoms reduce the risk of contracting AIDS, they by no means eliminate used for contraceptive purposes fail about 10 percent of the time over the course of a year. Former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop warned of the "extraordinarily high" failure rate of condoms among homosexuals. And a study done at the University of Miami Medical School showed that 17 percent of women married to men with AIDS became infected within a year despite the use of , AIDS education is frequently used to promote the homosexual lifestyle. While AIDS is not exclusively a gay disease, it has often been used by gay activists to promote acceptance of homosexuality. Although we should reach out to AIDS victims with compassion, we should not compromise the biblical teaching that homosexuality is unnatural (Rom. 1:26-27) and an abomination (Lev. 18:22).Fourth and last, there is some question about the general effectiveness of AIDS education. While educating people about AIDS may provide them with the basic facts, we should not be so naive as to believe that information alone will necessarily change their behavior. If it did, then our country's massive anti-smoking education programs would have been followed by a precipitous drop in smoking and lung cancer, and the numerous venereal-disease education programs would have substantially reduced the number of sexually transmitted inadequacy of education became evident through a survey that asked students at the University of Maryland about their knowledge of AIDS and their subsequent sexual behavior. Seventy-seven percent said they knew condoms can be used to limit the risk of infection of AIDS, but only 30 percent reported increased use of condoms. Eighty-three percent of the male students who said they have homosexual relations said they had made no change in their hasn't AIDS education been more effective? One reason is that people use selective perception to screen out most of the messages they receive. We do not, for example, pay much attention to lawnmower commercials unless we are in the market for a lawnmower. If people do not think they are at risk for AIDS, AIDS information may not get through their perceptual the problem of selective perception is emotional denial. High-risk groups often ignore messages they do not want to hear, and those at risk for AIDS are no and perhaps most important, human sin nature frequently keeps us from doing what is right and leads us to practice evil (Rom. 7:15-19). All have sinned (Rom. 3:23) and fall short of the glory of God, so we should not be surprised that people engage in dangerous sexual behavior even when they are armed with the facts.
爱滋病传播途径及预防方法 摘要:艾滋病的医学全称为:"获得性免疫缺陷综合症",英文缩写"AIDS",是由人体感染人类免疫缺陷病毒即艾滋病毒(HIV)引起的免疫缺陷综合症. 大多数感染了艾滋病病毒的人,仍然是健康的,并能在没有症状或只有轻微疾病的情况下生活多年.即使他们看起来健康,自己也感觉健康的时候,他们仍能够将艾滋病病毒传染给其他人,终生具有传染性. HIV 具有严格的宿主特异性,可感染人类并导致AIDS.在实验条件下,HIV-1可感染黑猩猩,HIV-2可感染恒河猴,可导致病血症及血清抗体转为阳性,但不能引起动物发病.从HIV感染者外周血,精液,乳汁,脑脊液,唾液,泪液和其他体液中均可分离到病毒,不过目前尚无经泪液,唾液和汁液等感染HIV的报道.HIV一般通过血液和精液和,其传播途径主要包括: (1)性传播,通过性行为在男同性恋者之间及异性间传播,也可通过人工授精传播; (2)血液传播,通过接受HIV感染者捐献的血液或器官,使用受HIV污染的血染液制品或与HIV感染者共用注射针头而被感染,此外,接触HIV感染者体液或HIV培养物的医务人员和实验人员存在感染HIV的职业危险性; (3)母婴传播,感染HIV者的母亲,可在子宫内或在分娩时将HIV传染给新生儿(Connor,1997).除此之外,人与人的一般接触并不会导致HIV的传播,对此不必过分敏感和恐惧. 在体外,HIV可感染CD4+T淋巴细胞(T4细胞)和单核-巨噬细胞,在其中增殖并引起细胞病变中,表明CD4+T淋巴细胞和单核-巨噬细胞是HIV主要的靶细胞.此外,HIV还可感染正常B淋巴细胞,经EB病毒转化形成的B淋巴母细胞系,小胶质细胞,神经胶质细胞,中幼粒细胞及多种细胞系 (O'Brien,1997) 在体内,HIV除感染结缔组织中的CD4+T淋巴细胞,单核-巨噬细胞,B淋巴细胞,中幼粒细胞和滤泡树突状细胞外,还可感染上皮组织中的朗格汉细胞(Langerhanscell)及神经组织中的小胶质细胞,少突胶质细胞,星形胶质细胞和脑内皮细胞,其分布遍及骨骼,胸腺,脑,心,肺,肠,眼,肾,皮肤和性腺等器官(Dittmar,1997a).HIV具有如此广泛的细胞和组织嗜性,同它所引起的CD4+T淋巴细胞缺陷,淋巴腺病,卡波西肉瘤以及神经系统损伤等多脏器症状是相吻合的. 高度的变异性是HIV及其他反转录病毒所具有的显著特征.突变主要来自反转录过程,其中env和nef等基因变异幅度最大,而gag和pol等则相对保守,变异程度较低且多为沉默的点突变.根据env和gag等基因的变异, 至少可将HIV-1划分为2群,共11个亚型.其中M(main)群由10个亚型组成,即A-J亚型.欧美主要为B亚型,非洲流行A,C,D,E等亚型; 在我国B亚型占优势,其次为C亚弄和A亚型;此外,M群中还存在着各亚型之间的嵌合体(mosaic),如A/E,G/A等.O(outlier)群主要分布于西百和中非,由于成员较少,常被视为一个亚型(O亚型).根据同样的方法,可将HIV-2划分为A,B等亚型(UNAIDS,1997).不仅各地区或不同个体之间HIV存在很大的变异,即使在同一个体内部,差异同样明显.事实上,每个HIV感染者所携带的都是一个异质性的病毒群体,各种突变株共存于体内.高度变异性有助于HIV逃避宿主的免疫监视,同时也为HIV感染的预防,诊断和治疗设置了巨大的障碍. 怎样预防艾滋病 针对不同传播途径,科学家们建议应当采取以下措施: 1,预防艾滋病的性传播 洁身自爱,保持忠贞单一的性关系; 发生危险性行为时正确使用避孕套; 及时治疗性病. 2,预防艾滋病的血液传播 不使用未经检测的血液及血液制品. 不吸毒,不与别人共用针具吸毒. 穿耳或身体穿刺,文身,针刺疗法或者任何需要侵入性的刺破皮肤的过程,都有一定的艾滋病病毒传播危险. 3,母婴传播预防 艾滋病病毒可在怀孕,分娩或者孩子出生后的母乳喂养过程中传播. 感染艾滋病病毒的妇女应避免怀孕,如怀孕应人工流产. 孕,产妇在分娩前,后使用抗病毒药物,可降低母婴传播的几率. 采用人工喂养,也可减少艾滋病病毒感染的危险性.
艾滋病的全名是“获得性免疫缺陷综合症”，它是由艾滋病病毒（人类免疫缺陷病毒HIV病毒）引起的一种病死率极高的传染病，HIV病毒侵入人体后，会破坏人体的免疫系统。虽然人体的免疫系统有一定的消灭病毒的反应，但产生的艾滋病病毒的抗体并不能完全杀死HIV病毒。HIV病毒一般在人体中潜伏7-10年，在此期间，艾滋病病毒感染者并没有很多异常反应，外表看上去一切正常，也能正常工作生活很多年。但潜伏期一过，艾滋病病毒就会严重破坏感染者的免疫系统，以至于感染者不能维持最低的免疫能力，艾滋病病人也会出现一些原因不明的长期低热，体重下降，慢性腹泻，咳嗽等症状。慢慢地，病人的体内就会出现多种难以治愈的感染和肿瘤，最终死亡。从出现到现在，艾滋病已在全球蔓延几十年，但至今没有治愈艾滋病的药物。所以，艾滋病被称为“史后世纪瘟疫”，也被称为“超级癌症”和“世纪杀手”，引起了全世界的关注。
全世界第一例确诊的艾滋病病人死于1959年，病人是一位刚果男子。那时并没有引起全世界太多的关注，直到1981年在美国洛杉矶5名同性恋身上同时发现了HIV病毒后，这就意味着HIV病毒开始大规模传播，也引起了全世界其他国家的普遍关注。那时候美国报道的艾滋病死亡人数是121人。其后，艾滋病病毒广泛传播，以迅雷不及掩耳之势波及全世界。到1999年，
全世界确诊的艾滋病患者和艾滋病病毒感染者就有3300万人，而死亡人数也达到2000万人。短短的20年，艾滋病引起了全世界的恐慌。为了遏制艾滋病的过快蔓延，1987年，世界卫生组织（WHO）正式启动了全球艾滋病防治计划。其后的一年，也就是1988年，世界卫生组织将每年的12月1日作为每年的世界艾滋病日。而我国的艾滋病现状也不容乐观。1985年，北京协和医院正报到中国境内第一例艾滋病患者，是一位外国游客。其后的几年间，在中国境内发现的艾滋病患者也都是来华外国人和海外华人。直到1989年，在云南吸毒人群发现正式确诊了艾滋病感染者146人后，这标志着艾滋病已从国外输入变为国内扩散。也是在短短的20年内，到2009年，世界卫生组织推测我国的艾滋病感染者和艾滋病病人78万人，我国的艾滋病流行也进入了快速增长期。因此，预防艾滋病传播迫在眉睫。
我们都知道艾滋病主要通过性接触、血液和母婴三种途径传播。所以，预防艾滋病传播也应该从这三个方面着手。
在世界范围内，性接触是传播艾滋病的最主要途径。艾滋病通过性交的方式在男女之间、男男之间传播，而且性交的次数越多，被感染的几率也就越大。所以，正确使用避孕套就是有效破坏这个途径的好方法。对于避孕套来说，可能大多数人认为其用来防止怀孕的，其实不然，避孕套也可以防止感染艾滋病和性病。虽然使用避孕套不是100%的安全，但总会起到很好的效果。另外，性病患者比没有性病的患者更容易感染艾滋病，因此有性病的患者应及早到正规医院或者性病防治机构检查、咨询和治疗。切忌不要找一些游医治疗，胡乱吃一些所谓的灵丹妙药，不但没有治疗病症，还会延误治疗的最佳时期，恶化病症。预防因性接触传播艾滋病的最根本措施是洁身自好，遵守性道德，树立健康积极的恋爱，婚姻，家庭和性观念。对于青年人来说，要学会克制性从动，过早的进行性行为，不但损伤彼此的友谊，还会影响身心健康；对于性自由来说，应该及早的改掉这种不良的生活习惯，接触的人越多，被感染的几率就更大不然就会过早的断送自己年轻的生命；对于夫妻来说，应该秉着忠诚的原则，最大程度的避免艾滋病在夫妻之间传播。
血液传播也是艾滋病传播的重要途径。艾滋病在离开人体后，常温下只能存活数小时或者数天，高温、干燥以及常用的消毒剂都可以杀死HIV病毒。因此，共用不经消毒的注射器吸毒极易感染艾滋病。这对这一点，我们因该杜绝毒品，防微杜渐。吸毒不但是一种违法行为，也会对自己对家人甚至对社会带来危害。远离毒品，远离艾滋病。另外，献血和输血也有可能感染艾滋病。献血应到正规的医院或者有医疗卫生组织检疫合格的献血点，这样可以避免因使用不严格消毒的注射器而被HIV病毒感染。记得顾长卫导演的《最爱》，在一个偏远的乡村，有很多村民为了满足自己的金钱需要到一个小商贩那里集体卖血，由于使用的抽血机没有经过严格的消毒，使得那些卖血的人都感染上了艾滋病，这不是个个例，其实有很多时候，不幸就这么发生了，最后那些感染者都慢慢的死去了。这就是没有很好做到预防艾滋病的工作。总而言之，依法无偿献血，杜绝贩血卖血，加强血液检测是保证用血安全的重要措施。
母婴传播也是一个不可忽略的途径。患有艾滋病的母亲会在怀孕期，分娩和产后母乳喂奶时将HIV病毒传向婴儿。如果母女患有艾滋病，应该防止她怀孕，即使是怀孕了也要人工流产，否则，孩子生下来也会夭折。有一点值得注意，婴儿出生后，人工喂奶会在一定的程度上降低被感染艾滋病的可能性。
虽然艾滋病是一种不治之症，但也不要谈“艾”色变。与艾滋病患者正常接触如拥抱，握手等是不会感染艾滋病的，艾滋病病毒也不会经过马桶圈、电话机、餐饮具和卧具传播，也不会经过打喷嚏或者蚊虫叮咬传播。所以，我们应该关心、帮助而非歧视艾滋病患者和艾滋病感染者，因为他们的合作与参与也是防止艾滋病传播的有效途径，另外也可以降低他们成为社会不安定因素的可能性。
艾滋病威胁每个人，每个家庭，预防艾滋病是全社会的责任。在各级政府部门的大力宣传下，我们应该相应号召，积极宣传预防艾滋病，让红丝带飘满世界。
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提供资料 什么是艾滋病（AIDS） 艾滋病是英语"AIDS"中文名称，AIDS是获得性免疫缺陷综合征的英文缩写。它是由于感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒（简称HIV）后引起的一种致死性传染病。HIV主要破坏人体的免疫系统，使机体逐渐丧失防卫能力而不能抵抗外界的各种病原体，因此极易感染一般健康人所不易患的感染性疾病和肿瘤，最终导致死亡。一个感染上艾滋病病毒的人，也许会在很长的一段时间内看上去或是自我感觉起来很好，但是他们却可以把病毒传染给别人。艾滋病从发现至今还不到20年，但它在全球所引起的广泛流行，已使3000多万人受到感染，1000多万人失去了生命。目前，世界上每天有万余人新感染上艾滋病病毒。不但医学界在竭尽全力研究预防治疗艾滋，各国政府，社会各阶层也都纷纷投入了对抗艾滋病的运动。但到目前为止，我们人类还没有找到一种治疗此病的方法。因此，为了自身的健康和家庭的幸福，大家都应该关注艾滋病。了解艾滋病，进而预防艾滋病。 什么是艾滋病病毒（HIV） 艾滋病病毒的医学名称为"人类免疫缺陷病毒"（英文缩写HIV），它侵入人体后破环人体的免疫系统，使人体发生多种难以治愈的感染和肿瘤，最终导致死亡。 艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病人有哪些不同之处 艾滋病病毒感染者是指已经感染了艾滋病病毒，但是还没有表现出明显的临床症状，没有被确诊为艾滋病的人;艾滋病病人指的是已经感染了艾滋病病毒，并且已经出现了明显的临床症状，被确诊为艾滋病的人。 二者之间的相同之处在于都携带艾滋病病毒，都具有传染性.不同之处在于艾滋病病人已经出现了明显的临床症状，而艾滋病病毒感染者还没有出现明显的临床症状，外表看起来跟健康人一样。从艾滋病病毒感染者发展到艾滋病病人可能需要数年到10年甚至更长时间。 为什么说艾滋病是“超级绝症” 艾滋病的全称为获得性免疫缺陷综合症(AIDS)，通过性、血液和母婴三种接触方式传播，是一种严重危害健康的传染性疾病。当人体处于正常状态时，体内免疫系统可以有效抵抗各种病毒的袭击。一旦艾滋病病毒侵入人体体内，这种良好的防御体系便会土崩瓦解，各种病毒乘机通过血液、破损伤口长驱直入。此外，人体内一些像癌细胞之类的不正常细胞，也会迅速生长、繁殖，最终发展成各类癌瘤。通俗地讲，艾滋病病毒是通过破坏人的免疫系统和机体抵抗能力，而给人以致命的打击。 艾滋病起源于非洲，后由移民带入美国。1981年6月5日，美国亚特兰大疾病控制中心在《发病率与死亡率周刊》上简要介绍了5例艾滋病病人的病史，这是世界上第一次有关艾滋病的正式记载。1982年，这种疾病被命名为"艾滋病"。不久以后，艾滋病迅速蔓延到各大洲。1985年，一位到中国旅游的外籍青年患病入住北京协和医院后很快死亡，后被证实死于艾滋病。这是我国第一次发现艾滋病。 艾滋病严重地威胁着人类的生存，已引起世界卫生组织及各国政府的高度重视，人员及经费投入惊人。据统计，目前全球有近4000万人感染了艾滋病病毒，成千上万人命丧于此。据专家介绍，艾滋病病毒感染者从感染初期算起，要经过数年、甚至长达10年或更长的潜伏期后才会发展成艾滋病病人。艾滋病病人因抵抗能力极度下降会出现多种感染，如带状疱疹、口腔霉菌感染、肺结核，特殊病原微生物引起的肠炎、肺炎、脑炎等，后期常常发生恶性肿瘤，直至因长期消耗，全身衰竭而死亡。 虽然全世界众多医学研究人员付出了巨大的努力，但至今尚未研制出根治艾滋病的特效药物，也没有可用于预防的有效疫苗。目前，这种病死率几乎高达100%的"超级癌症"已被我国列入乙类法定传染病，并被列为国境卫生监测传染病之一.故此我们把其称为"超级绝症" 艾滋病的病原体 艾滋病即获得性免疫缺陷综合征（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS）。这是一种慢性致死性传染病，由人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV）引起。HIV感染后导致人体免疫机能缺陷，从而发生机会性感染等一系列临床综合征，病死率几乎达100% HIV属于反转录病毒科，慢病毒属，灵长类免疫缺陷亚属。现已证实HIV分为两型：HIV-1型和HIV-2型，它们又有各自的亚型。不同地区流行的亚型不同，同一亚型在不同地区也存在一定差异。 艾滋病的发病机理 HIV病毒是一种杀细胞性病毒，此病毒主要在‘辅助性T淋巴细胞'内大量增殖使细胞破坏。而‘辅助性T淋巴细胞'是人体中极其重要的免疫细胞，它的破坏，逐渐导致免疫功能衰竭。这样，即使一个对正常人来说是微不足道的感染，如小伤口或普通感冒，也可以致艾滋病人于死地。 艾滋病机会感染的临床表现 所谓机会感染，即条件致病因素，是指一些侵袭力较低、致病力较弱的微生物，在人体免疫功能正常时不能致病，但当人体免疫功能减低时则为这类微生物造成一种感染的条件，乘机侵袭人体致病，故称作机会性感染。尸检结果表明，90％的艾滋病人死于机会感染。能引起艾滋病机会感染的病原多达几十种，而且常多种病原混合感染。主要包括原虫、病毒、真菌及细菌等的感染。 1．原虫类 （1）卡氏肺囊虫肺炎：卡氏肺囊虫是一种专在人的肺内造穴打洞的小原虫。人的肉眼看不见，而且用一般的生物培养方法也找不到。卡氏肺囊虫肺炎主要通过空气与飞沫经呼吸道传播。健康人在感染艾滋病毒后，免疫功能受到破坏，这时卡氏肺囊虫便乘虚而入，在病人体内大量繁殖，使肺泡中充满渗出液和各种形态的肺囊虫，造成肺部的严重破坏。 卡氏肺囊虫肺炎在艾滋病流行前是一种不常见的感染，过去仅发现于战争、饥饿时期的婴幼儿，或者接受免疫抑制治疗的白血病患儿。卡氏肺囊虫肺炎是艾滋病患者的一个常见死因，在60％以上的艾滋病患者中属于最严重的机会感染，约有80％的艾滋病患者至少要发生一次卡氏肺囊虫肺炎。 艾滋病患者合并卡氏肺囊虫肺炎时，首先有进行性营养不良、发热、全身不适、体重减轻、淋巴结肿大等症状。以后出现咳嗽、呼吸困难、胸痛等症状，病程4～6周。发热（89％）和呼吸急促（66％）为肺部最常见的体征。某些人肺部还可听到罗音。卡氏肺囊虫肺炎常复发，病情严重，是艾滋病患者常见的致死原因。卡氏肺囊虫肺炎病人胸片显示两肺广泛性浸润。但少部分患者（约占23％）其胸片可示正常或极少异常。据对180例卡氏肺囊虫肺炎X线胸片检查所见，表现为两侧间质性肺炎的77例，间质及肺泡炎症45例，肺门周围的间质炎症26例，单侧肺泡及间质炎症24例，未见异常者8例。 肺功能测定示肺总量及肺活量下降，随着病程的进展而进一步加剧。 气管镜或肺穿刺所取之标本可以查到卡氏肺囊虫，有时还可以查到其它病原体，此时为混合性机会感染。本病病程急剧；亦可缓慢，终因进行性呼吸困难、缺氧、发展为呼吸衰竭而死亡，其病死率可达90％～100％。 （2）弓形体感染：艾滋病人得弓形体感染主要引起神经系统弓形体病，其发生率为26％。临床表现为偏瘫，局灶性神经异常，抽搐、意识障碍及发热等。CT检查可见单个或多个局灶性病变。依据组织病理切片或脑脊液检查可见弓形体。极少数弓形体累及肺部（1％）。该病是由寄生性原虫动物鼠弓浆虫所致的一种动物传染病。人的感染途径，先天性感染是由母亲经胎盘传给胎儿．后天性感染是因吃了含有组织囊虫的生肉或未煮熟的肉而感染。 （3）隐孢子虫病：孢子虫是寄生于家畜和野生动物的小原虫，人感染后，附于小肠和大肠上皮，主要引起吸收不良性腹泻，病人表现为难以控制的大量水样便，每日5～10次以上，每天失水3～10升，病死率可高达50％以上。诊断靠肠镜活检或粪便中查到原虫的卵囊。 2．病毒类 （1）巨细胞病毒感染：根据血清学调查表明，巨细胞病毒广泛存在，多数巨细胞病毒感染者无症状，但巨细胞病毒感染的病人可在尿、唾液、粪便、眼泪、乳汁和精液中迁延排出病毒。并可经输血、母亲胎盘、器官移植、性交、吮哺母乳等方式传播。艾滋病伴巨细胞病毒感染时，常表现为肝炎、巨细胞病毒肺炎、巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎、血小板和白细胞减少、皮疹等。确诊巨细胞病毒感染必需在活检或尸解标本中找到包涵体或分离出病毒。根据Guarda等对13例艾滋病人尸解的研究，最常见的诊断是巨细胞病毒感染（12例），其次是卡波济氏肉瘤（l0例）。所有12例巨细胞病毒感染均为播散性，并且经常影响两个或多个器官。 （2）单纯疱疹病毒感染：其传播途径主要是直接接触和性接触，也可经飞沫传染，病毒可由呼吸道、口、眼、生殖器粘膜或破报皮肤侵入人体。孕妇在分娩时亦可传给婴儿。感染病毒后可引起艾滋病患者皮肤粘膜损害、累及口周、外阴、肛周、手背或食道以至支气管及肠道粘膜等，以唇缘、口角的单纯疱疹最常见，其损害呈高密集成群的小水疱，基底稍红，水疱被擦破后可形成溃疡，其溃疡特点为大而深且有疼痛，常伴继发感染，症状多较严重，病程持续时间长，病损部位可培养出单纯疱疹病毒，活检可查到典型的包涵体。 （3）EB病毒：该病毒在艾滋病人中感染率很高，有96%的艾滋病人血清中可检测到EB病毒抗体，EB病毒可致原发性单核细胞增多症，伴溶血性贫血、淋巴结肿大、全身斑疹，T细胞减少等。
2009年5-6月的最新研究成果。加拿大和美国研究人员6月21日发表论文称，他们发现了可能会彻底治愈艾滋病的新方法，艾滋病将有可能不再是不治之症。治愈艾滋病的关键在于找到艾滋病病毒潜伏池--艾滋病病毒在人体内的藏身之地。研究人员说，他们找到了这种潜伏池，即记忆T细胞，这是一种人体免疫细胞，尽管它是一些艾滋病病毒的藏身天堂，但也在一定程度上能限制这些病毒的活动。研究人员发现，一旦艾滋病病毒藏身到记忆T细胞中，它的命运就与记忆T细胞休戚相关:细胞活着，病毒也就活着;细胞死亡，病毒也就死亡;病毒增殖也完全依赖于细胞的分裂。因此，摧毁记忆T细胞，也就可以摧毁“躲藏”起来的艾滋病病毒。研究人员说，单使用鸡尾酒疗法等抗逆转录病毒疗法治愈不了艾滋病，是因为它对潜伏池内的艾滋病病毒鞭长莫及。于是，他们提出了结合化学疗法和抗逆转录病毒疗法来治疗艾滋病的新方法，其中，抗逆转录病毒疗法可杀灭人体内大部分艾滋病病毒，而化学疗法则专门针对“躲藏”在记忆T细胞中的艾滋病病毒，这使得艾滋病病毒在人体中再无藏身之地。这项研究的负责人、蒙特利尔大学的拉菲克-皮埃尔·瑟卡利说，这是首次研究证实，艾滋病之所以治愈不了，不是因为抗逆转录病毒疗法不起效果，而是因为有艾滋病病毒潜伏池的存在。瑟卡利说，这是初步的研究成果，希望这项成果能指导科学家消灭艾滋病病毒，他们下一步计划在动物身上进行有关试验。这项研究成果已于21日发表在英国《自然-医学》杂志上。
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